Class Definition for Class 108 - HORIZONTALLY SUPPORTED PLANAR SURFACES

CLASS 108,	HORIZONTALLY SUPPORTED PLANAR SURFACES
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class includes rigid, planar, supporting surfaces having structure to support the surface in a horizontal plane. Throughout the definitions of the subclasses of this class, the supporting surface is referred to as the "surface", and the structure which supports this surface is referred to as the "support".

SECTION II - NOTES TO THE CLASS DEFINITION

(1) Note. This class includes traylike planar supports; i.e., horizontal planar surfaces having an upstanding flange around the perimeter thereof when the flange is not involved in the relationship between the surface and the support.

(2) Note. The schedule of this class was built on patents issued since 1931. Older patents were placed in the schedule on the basis of the total disclosure and not necessarily on the basis of claimed subject matter.

SECTION III - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

For a horizontal surface without claimed support means and having face-to-face sheets with a rim, see Class 52, subclasses 782.2+. For a surface having no claimed support means and having a separate attached, elongated edging or stiffener, see Class 52, subclasses 800.1+.

SECTION IV - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

38,	Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclasses 103+ for tables having structure related to the art of ironing or smoothing textiles.
112,	Sewing, subclasses 217.1+ for a sewing machine table.
114,	Ships, subclass 195 for tables having automatic leveling tops or equivalent devices securing the same end.
119,	Animal Husbandry, subclasses 712+ for restraining an animal on a horizontal surface, especially subclasses 722+ for a tiltable support and subclasses 753+ for a stationary table.
131,	Tobacco, subclasses 50+ for a cigarette making machine having a stationary table.
160,	Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel, appropriate subclasses for a flexible or portable panel usable as a table top, especially subclasses 87+ for plural panels; subclasses 327+ for a panel supported at opposite edges by elongated elements; subclasses 371+ for a panel mounted in a frame; and subclasses 383+ for means to fasten one edge of a fabric panel to an elongated supporting element.
178,	Telegraphy, subclass 114 for a supporting stand adapted to connecting up or manipulating telegraph instruments or arrangements thereof specific to telegraphy.
182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, appropriate subclasses for a platform for supporting a workman in vertically spaced relation with a primary support such as the ground or a floor.
209,	Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, subclasses 703+ for a table for supporting articles for inspection and manual selection of the articles, and subclass 458 for a table on which material with mingled liquid is so treated that the heaviest constituents of the material may settle as a stratum.
227,	Elongated-Member-Driving Apparatus, subclasses 154+ for apparatus for driving a member; e.g., nail, combined with a work support.
248,	Supports, appropriate subclasses for a supporting surface in the form of an open border framework.
269,	Work Holders, subclasses 289+ for a work holder comprising a surface which, when the work is being treated, is positioned beneath at least a part of the work and is in contact with said part of the work to support the work against the force of gravity in at least one position of adjustment of the work holder.
273,	Amusement Devices: Games, subclasses 108+ for a game table which is used in playing a surface projectile game thereon, subclasses 236+ for gameboard structure for playing a board game thereon, and subclass 309 for a game table or supporting surface, in general.
297,	Chairs and Seats, appropriate subclasses for seats having a bottom and a back, or leg rest, or both.
369,	Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, subclasses 264+ for holding a rotating storage medium element in operative position.
378,	X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices, subclass 209 for a table or couch combined with an X-ray device.
400,	Typewriting Machines, subclasses 578+ for supports for webs or sheets or paper to hold the paper in position to be fed into and from a typewriting machine.
428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for a stock material product in the form of a single or plural layer web or sheet.
446,	Amusement Devices: Toys, subclass 482 for a toy table.
451,	Abrading, subclasses 411+ for a work supporting table of an abrading machine.
473,	Games Using Tangible Projectile, subclasses 4+ for a table or gameboard specifically adapted for playing the games of billiards or pool, subclass 475 for game apparatus for playing the game of table tennis, and subclass 496 for a table tennis table, per se.
601,	Surgery: Kinesitherapy, subclasses 49+ for couches, chairs, or other supports which vibrate as a whole while treating the body.

SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 1]

TILTABLE SURFACES:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device wherein the surface is operably retained in at least one inclined position.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

83,	Cutting, subclasses 477+ for adjustable work tables; and subclass 477.2 for slatted saw tables.
144,	Woodworking, subclass 171 for a tilting work table of a wood slicing machine.

2	Biased:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Device provided with means to urge the supporting surface about its tilt axis.

3	Sectional:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Device wherein the supporting surface comprises a plurality of components, which components are tiltably adjustable relative to each other.

4	About plural axes:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Device in which the surface is tiltable about more than one axis.

5	With horizontal adjustment:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Device in which the surface is additionally movable in a direction parallel to a horizontal plane.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 6]

Pivotally adjustable about horizontal axis:

This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Device wherein the surface is selectively retainable about a horizontal axis in a plurality of inclined positions.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

4,	for a device tiltable additionally about another axis.

7	Mechanical actuator tilts surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Device wherein the surface is tilted by means employing a mechanical advantage.

8	Oppositely tiltable with respect to horizontal plane:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Device wherein opposite edges of the surface alternately are above or below a horizontal plane.

9	Surface adjusting link spaced from axis:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Device comprising a surface-engaging, inclination-adjusting link in a spatial relation with the axis about which the surface tilts.

10	Vertically adjustable axis:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Device wherein the tilt axis may be retained at various heights.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 11]

CONVERTIBLE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device having means or parts capable of structural rearrangement or modification by addition, removal, or reassembly of one or more of the parts to provide another structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

62,	for an invertible surface.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, subclass 3 for a table which by inversion or manipulation of parts may be converted to a bed, or a table which has a bed stored within and withdrawable from it.
190,	Trunks and Hand-Carried Luggage, subclasses 11+ for a table convertible to a carrying case.
248,	Supports, subclass 155 for a cane convertible to a table.
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, subclass 144 for a hand-held tray convertible to a table.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 241 for a cabinet convertible to a table.

12	Reorientable support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Device wherein the support is rearranged relative to the element supported.

13	Alternately usable surfaces:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Device wherein (1) a primary surface is moved to a nonuse position with a secondary surface exposed or movable to a position of use, or (2) a primary surface is removed and replaced by another surface having usually a different function.

14	Receptacle:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Device in which the other structure is a receptacle.

15	Vertical surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Device wherein the other structure comprises the surface in a vertical plane.

16	Rack support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Device in which the other structure is a rack.

17	Multiplanar to coplanar position:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Device comprising a plurality of surfaces movable from a terraced or superposed relationship to an arrangement wherein all the surfaces rest in the same horizontal plane.

18	Support becomes inoperative:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Device wherein the other structure has the support in an inoperative position.

19	Alternately usable legs:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Device in which the support comprises at least two sets of legs of different lengths, one set being in an inoperative position when the other set is in an operative position, and wherein the sets of legs support the surface at different elevations above a reference plane.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 20]

POWER DRIVEN:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device provided with motor means designed to impart motion to the surface.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

74,	Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 16 for a powered table for operating attachments and auxiliaries.
104,	Railways, subclasses 35+ for a railway turntable, and subclasses 48+ for a transfer table.
131,	Tobacco, subclasses 47+ for a cigarette making machine having a movable table.
164,	Metal Founding, subclasses 326+ for horizontal rotating tables carrying metal casting molds.
191,	Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, subclass 9 for a drawbridge, turntable, or other transfer table with means for maintaining the bridge or table or a vehicle thereon in electrical connection with a relatively fixed point exterior to the bridge or table.

21	Intermittent drive:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Device wherein the means imparts motion to the surface in interrupted sequence.

22	Along circuitous path:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Device in which the movement of the surface is along a fixed roundabout course.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 23]

WITH ILLUMINATION MEANS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device provided with a source of artificial light.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

362,	Illumination, appropriate subclasses for other structure with illumination, particularly subclasses 127+ for furniture.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 24]

WITH DRAIN:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device having fluid drainage means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, subclasses 604+ for an invalid bed with a toilet, subclass 695 for a mattress which includes a toilet means, and subclass 606 for a surgical table combined with a drain.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 25]

WITH RECEPTACLE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device in combination with an upwardly opening container.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14,	for a surface convertible to a receptacle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

38,	Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclass 111 for an ironing table combined with a receptacle to support fabric beneath the table; e.g., work catcher.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 33 for a device in the form of shallow chambers provided with means for causing a circulation of steam or hot water therein, whereby the top plates or receptacles placed thereon are heated.
220,	Receptacles, subclasses 694+ for a receptacle in combination with miscellaneous attachments therefor, where the combination is not otherwise provided for. See the search notes thereto.
273,	Amusement Devices: Games, subclass 309 for tables or supporting surfaces having structure which facilitates the playing of a game thereon.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 114 for a showcase, subclass 140.1 for a counter, subclasses 235.2+ for a stool or chair in combination with a cabinet structure, subclass 237 for a cabinet structure with a table, subclass 277 for an enclosure with a separable table, subclasses 280+ for an enclosure with a continuously external table, and subclasses 313+ for an enclosure with a table pivotable to a nonhorizontal position.

26	Detachable or relatively movable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Device wherein the container is removable, or is movable relative to the surface.

26.2	Inkwell:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Device wherein the container is intended to hold ink and to receive the tool of a writing implement for the application of ink thereto.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 27]

WITH PERIPHERAL GUARD:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device having an upright barrier adjacent to an edge of the surface.

(1) Note. Included here are devices typed in the art as "splashbacks".

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

55.1,

for an industrial platform with load confining means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 137 for a showcase with a counter guard, and subclasses 140.1+ for a counter with a guard.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 28]

WITH DIVERSE SUPPORT FOR ARTICLES:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device including nonclass means for supporting articles relative to the surface of the device.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

38,	Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclasses 104+ for a device involving an ironing function for supporting a flat iron relative to an ironing board, and subclass 111 for ironing tables combined with devices to support fabric beneath the table; e.g., work catchers.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 281 for a cabinet and table.

29	Rod or bar:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Device wherein the diverse support comprises a slender elongated member.

30	Hook:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Device wherein the rod or bar is supported at one end only, and has its other end curved or bent into a hook shape.

31	Superposed:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Device wherein the rod or bar is positioned above the surface.

32	Inclined surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Device wherein the diverse support comprises a surface in a sloping relationship with the horizontal surface.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 33]

WITH HOUSING:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device which includes structure forming an enclosure for part or all of the surface or support in an inoperative or stored condition.

(1) Note. The enclosing structure may function also as a part of the support for the surface when in an operative condition.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

63,	for superposed surfaces which invert to coplanar position exposing another surface.
65+,	for plural related coplanar surfaces wherein one surface is always available for use, but another surface is movable to a stored position beneath the one surface.
93,	for terraced surfaces wherein one surface is concealed beneath another surface.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, subclass 159.1 for cases for upending beds.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 277 for a cabinet associated with a leg-supported table which can be removed from and used independently of the cabinet.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 34]

Formed by collapsible surface:

This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Device wherein the surface collapses to form a substantially enclosed container.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

25+,	for a surface combined with a receptacle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

190,	Trunks and Hand-Carried Luggage, subclasses 11+ for a trunk, traveling bag, or camp kit box provided with space for storing disparate articles and which converts to a table or desk.
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, subclass 144 for a handheld tray convertible to and from table.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 231 for a cabinet combined with a drafting board, and subclasses 281+ for a cabinet combined with a continuously projecting shelf or table.

35	Surface and support pivotally interconnected:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Device wherein the support is hingedly joined to the surface or to its reinforcing structure.

36	Paired legs:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Device wherein the support includes legs which are connected in pairs for simultaneous movement.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 37]

Counterbalanced surface:

This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Device having biasing means to move or assist in moving the surface to or from a housed inoperative position.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, subclasses 164.1+ for an upending bed having a counterbalancing spring, and subclass 166.1 for an upending bed having a counterbalancing weight.

38	Surface forms closure:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Device wherein the surface in an inoperative position completes one wall of the enclosure.

39	Surface adjusts to plural operative positions:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Device wherein the surface is selectively positionable relative to the housing.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 40]

Surface slidably hinged to housing wall:

This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Device wherein the surface is directly connected to the housing wall by a hinge which is slidable relative to the support.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

39,	for a housed slidably hinged surface which adjusts to plural operative positions.

41	Formed from support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Device wherein the surface is housed in an enclosure made up of elements of the support.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 42]

WITH STRUCTURAL INSTALLATION:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device with (1) means having a function external to the subject matter of this class, (2) combined with another static constructional installation, or (3) related to a particular geographic feature, wherein there is included only enough structure foreign to this class to associate it with the device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

134+,	for a folding laterally attached surface.
152,	for a surface laterally attached to its support.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclass 36.4 for a combination of a horizontal surface type of article of furniture and more building structure than is required to support or house the article.
182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, subclass 128 for workman-supporting platform mounted on the inside wall of a shaft.
297,	Chairs and Seats, subclass 163 for a table mounted behind a seat, and subclass 174 for a table mounted in front of a seat.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 43]

Body related:

This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Device including means for supporting the surface from some part of a person"s body or for accommodating a portion of the body when so supported.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

224,	Package and Article Carriers, appropriate subclasses, particularly subclass 270 for a body or belt attached package or article carrier.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 44]

Vehicle supported:

This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Device comprising means to attach the device to a vehicle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, subclasses 94 and 118+ for a crib or a bed attached to a vehicle.
224,	Package and Article Carriers, subclasses 400+ for a vehicle supported package and article carrier.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 45]

Instrument panel:

This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Device wherein the vehicle structure is an instrument panel.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

224,	Package and Article Carriers, subclasses 400+ for a vehicle-supported package or article carrier, especially subclass 483 where the article carrier is attached to the dashboard of the vehicle.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 46]

Support enters window recess:

This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Device wherein the means includes structure which extends over a window sill of the vehicle door and into a space which accommodates the window.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

224,	Package and Article Carriers, subclasses 400+ for a vehicle-supported package or article carrier, especially subclass 482 where the article carrier is attached to the window or window frame.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 47]

On top and side of upright wall:

This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Device wherein the surface rests upon the top edge of an upright wall and has a clamp or brace which engages the side of the wall below the top.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

11+,	for a similar device additionally provided with legs for supporting the device on a horizontal surface.

48	Having wall and floor relationship:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Device in which the surface is laterally attached to an upright wall and is retained in operative position by a floor-engaging prop or leg member.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 49]

Bed supported:

This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Device having its support related to specific features of a bed.

(1) Note. Specific features of a bed include laterally spaced side rails, and a structural relationship between the side rails and the head and/or foot structure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, subclass 507.1 for a bed-supported surface wherein the bed structure is in some way altered to receive and support the surface.

50.01

WITH MACHINE (I.E., TYPEWRITER, COPY MACHINE, ETC.):

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device adapted to support a mechanical apparatus.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclasses 208.1+ for cabinet structure for key-board writing machine, and subclasses 208.5+ for cabinet structure for sewing machine.

50.02

HAVING MEANS FOR SUPPORTING AN ELECTRICAL COMPONENT (E.G., WIRE, OUTPUT JACK, ETC.):

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device adapted to support an electrical element.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclasses 223.1+ for cabinet having structure to accommodate an electrical device or component.

50.11	COMBINED:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device in combination with structure having another function or serving to perfect the device for its intended function.

50.12

With umbrella structure:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50.11. Device in combination with structure of an umbrella (e.g., umbrella shaft, canopy, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

135,	Tent, Canopy, Umbrella, or Cane, appropriate subclasses for particular umbrella structure.
297,	Chairs and Seats, subclasses 184.1+ for chair or seat with weather shield or insect protector.

50.13

With heating or air moving means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50.11. Device in combination with a heating source or a fan.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

62,	Refrigeration, subclass 258 for refrigeration apparatus combined with a noncooled work surface, and subclass 458 for similar apparatus including an access surface and cooling means therefore.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 236 for cabinet structure with heating, cooling, or heat exchange means.

50.14

With head, arm, leg, or foot rest:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50.11. Device in combination with a means for supporting a user"s head, arm, leg, or foot.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

297,	Chairs and Seats, subclasses 391+ , 411.2+, and 423.1+ for head, arm, knee, leg, or foot rest.
601,	Surgery: Kinesitherapy, subclasses 24+ for treatment table or surface with head, arm, leg, or foot support.

50.15

With mirror:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50.11. Device in combination with structure of a mirror (e.g., mirror frame, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

297,	Chairs and Seats, subclass 185 for chair or seat with mirror.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclasses 224+ for cabinet structure with mirror.

50.16

With walker:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50.11. Device in combination with a means for assisting a user to walk (e.g., invalid walker, baby walker, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

297,	Chairs and Seats, subclasses 5+ for chair or seat with occupant-propelled walker or skater frame.

50.17	With a roll:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 50.11. Device in combination with a cylinder serving as a core upon which something is rolled up.

50.18

With liquid conduit or gas duct:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50.11. Device in combination with a pipe or channel for conveying fluid.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclasses 31+ for cabinet structure with gas or vapor treatment material; subclass 209 for cabinet structure with laboratory, dental, barber, or medical structure; and subclass 229 for cabinet structure with liquid drain, dust collector, or guard.

51.11	INDUSTRIAL PLATFORM:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device wherein the support surface is provided with supporting means (e.g., a leg, runner, etc.) whereby a load may be supported relatively close to a floor; and having means to receive handling means beneath said surface or load.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 51.3]

51.3

Formed from folded semirigid material (e.g., cardboard, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device which is formed from a sheet of semirigid foldable material, such as cardboard or the like, which has sufficient strength and rigidity to maintain the shape into which it is bent or folded.

(1) Note. The platforms of the type classified herein may or may not be a "knockdown" type of platform.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.11,

for other foldable devices which are not made of semirigid material.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 52.1]

52.1

Handler entry between load and support:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device wherein the surface is provided with grooves, passages, or the like, allowing a handler to be inserted intermediate the load and the support.

(1) Note. Platforms of this character are typed in the art as "load-transfer" or "take-it-or-leave-it" platforms.

53.1	Stacking:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device wherein one device is provided with means which may cooperate with a second similar device whereby a plurality of said devices may be placed one upon the other in a stacked relationship.

53.3	Nesting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 53.1. Device whereby said means is in the form of a recess adapted to receive a part of a second device and thus form a stack of superposed devices of less vertical height than the sum of the heights of the individual devices comprising the stack if each is stood separately on a floor.

53.5	Tiering:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 53.1. Device wherein the means permits the stacking of a plurality of devices one upon another so that the supporting surface of each device in the stack may support a load.

54.1	Adjustable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device provided with means whereby the usable load-supporting surface of said device may be selectively increased or decreased to accommodate loads of various sizes.

55.1	With load-confining means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device provided with means to prevent a load thereon from shifting about or falling therefrom.

55.3	Support surface having article-engaging projection or recess:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 55.1. Device wherein the means is provided on or in the load-receiving surface and projects therefrom or is recessed therein to restrain the article against relative movement therewith.

55.5	Means for receiving load holddown means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 55.1. Device provided with means to receive the means which prevents a shift of the load, said latter means to be adapted to engage over the load or a portion thereof to hold said load against the supporting surface.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 56.1]

56.1

Knockdown or setup:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device constructed to be (1) readily set up from unassembled parts, (2) readily disjointed into unassembled parts, or (3) foldable from or into a structure of reduced volume.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.3,

for devices of the type found in this subclass but which are made of foldable semirigid material.

56.3	Support element attachable to or separable from support surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 56.1. Device wherein the support for the support surface is (1) readily attachable to, or (2) readily separable from the support surface.

57.1	Invertible:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device wherein the platform is reversible to expose alternative load-supporting surfaces.

57.12	Including shock-absorbing means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device including a means for damping vibration.

57.13	For supporting a barrel:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device having structure adapted for bearing a cylindrical vessel.

57.14	Wire pallet:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device including structure made of elongated rods.

57.15	Including a roller or track contacting area:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.11. Device provided with a wheel or a means for allowing the support surface to be positioned on a railing system.

57.16	Load-contacting surface having upwardly projected edge:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device wherein the support surface includes a side having an upwardly projected ridge.

57.17	Load-contacting surface having parallel spaced-apart support members:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device including plural load-contacting elements arranged parallel to and at a distance from one another.

57.18	Corrugated or grooved support members:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.17. Device wherein the load-contacting elements are provided with either alternating grooves and ridges or an elongated depression.

57.19	Support members interlock with parallel crossing stringers by notched joints:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.17. Device including plural lower support members arranged parallel to one another and extending transversely to the load-contacting elements; wherein either the lower support members or the load-contacting elements are provided with cut-out structure adapted for interlocking with a structure of the corresponding load-contacting elements or lower support members.

57.2	Including elongated binding means extending perpendicular to and engaging upper surface of support members (e.g., flange, strap, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.17. Device including a securing means having a length which extends perpendicular to the length of the load-contacting elements and adapted to contact with a load-contacting surface of each of the load-contacting elements.

57.21	Load-contacting surface having parallel support members in juxtaposed position:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device including plural load-contacting elements arranged side by side and parallel to one another.

57.22	Tubular or channel-shaped support members:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.21. Device wherein the load-contacting elements each has an elongated hollow body or U-like cross section.

57.23	Including one-piece elongated channel bar engaging upper and lower surfaces of support members:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.21. Device including an elongated structure having a U-shape cross section adapted to contact a load-contacting surface and a lower surface of each of the load-contacting elements.

57.24	Including elongated angle bar having horizontal flange engaging upper surface of support members:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.21. Device including an L-shape structure having a horizontal part which extends traverse to the length of the load-contacting elements and contacts a load-contacting surface of each of the load-contacting elements.

57.25	Having plastic load-contacting surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device wherein the support surface is made of a group of synthetic or natural organic materials that may be shaped when soft and then hardened.

57.26	Formed by joining mating spacers of identical pallet halves together:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.25. Device comprising a pair of similar surfaces each has plural support pillars; and wherein the similar surfaces are connected together at the corresponding support pillars.

57.27	Load-contacting surface formed by bonded plastic sheets:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.25. Device wherein the support surface includes plural sheets each made of a group of synthetic or natural organic materials, and wherein the sheets are secured face-to-face on one another.

57.28	One-piece molded pallet:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.25. Device wherein the device is shaped into one single unit when in a molten state.

57.29	Having corrugated, grooved, or notched load-contacting surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device wherein the support surface is provided with either alternating grooves and ridges, an elongated depression, or a cut-out structure (e.g., hole, etc.).

57.3	One-piece bent sheet metal:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.29. Device wherein the support surface is made of a single piece of metal which is bent to form a groove, or alternating grooves and ridges.

57.31	Including tubular support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device wherein the supporting means includes an elongated hollow member.

57.32	Metal load-contacting surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device wherein the support surface is made of metal.

57.33	Having support spacer between a load-contacting surface and a base member:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device wherein the supporting means includes a base element and an intermediate element, wherein the intermediate element has a length spanning between the support surface and the base element.

57.34	Laminated load-contacting surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Device wherein the support surface is provided with plurality of superimposed layers of material.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 59]

PLURAL RELATED HORIZONTAL SURFACES:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device in which the spatial or functional relationship of two or more horizontal surfaces is involved.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, subclasses 130+ for plural platforms having a common support.

60	With partition:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Device comprising a vertically disposed divider member separating at least one of the surfaces into distinct areas.

61	Horizontally adjustable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 60. Device wherein the divider member is selectively movable along the surface, and in the direction of the plane of the surface.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 62]

Invertible surface:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Device wherein the surface is reversible to expose either side thereof in a horizontal, article-supporting position.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

57.1,

for an invertible industrial platform.

63	Superposed sections convert to coplanar sections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Device wherein a portion of the surface is situated above another portion thereof, and is interconnected therewith to move to a horizontally juxtaposed position.

64	Laterally connected individual units:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Device comprising a series of individual self-supporting surfaces connected in side-by-side coplanar relationship.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 65]

Coplanar extension surface:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Device provided with an auxiliary surface which may be added to the main planar surface in the same horizontal plane therewith to selectively increase the effective support area in the plane of the main surface.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

54.1,

for an adjustable industrial platform.

66	Circular segment:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Device wherein the addition comprises a section which increases the effective surface area while either (1) retaining a generally circular form of the main surface, or (2) providing a generally circular form for the whole surface area.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 67]

Flexible material or hingedly interconnected slats or panels:

This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Device in which the leaf insert is made up of (1) a flexible textile, or other flexible sheet material, or (2) a plurality of slats or panels interconnected for relative motion.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

34+,	for a housing formed by a collapsible surface.
63,	for other movably interconnected panels which invert to permit either side of at least one panel to be exposed in a horizontal, article-supporting position.

68	Guided in arcuate path:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Device wherein the flexible insert follows an angular or curved guide to an inoperative position.

69	End leaf:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Device in which the area of the main surface may be increased by the addition of an endleaf or panel adjacent to the outer edge thereof.

70	Surface lowers into coplanar position with leaf:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Device wherein the surface is lowered into a plane coplanar with the extended leaf or panel.

71	Elevating mechanism:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Device provided with means to move the endleaf or panel from a lower level position to a raised position coplanar with the main surface.

72	Link:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 71. Device comprising a linkage mechanism operatively connected to the endleaf or panel, and to movable supporting structure.

73	Cam and slide:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 71. Device wherein the means includes a relatively movable cam and slide, or runner.

74	Also moves principal surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Device in which the main surface is moved out of the path of the leaf, or panel, by and as the latter moves between extended and nonextended positions.

75	Cam slot:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Device in which the camming means comprises a slot, or a groove in either a slide member, or a guide member with a laterally extending pin on the other of said members slidable therein.

76	Elevatable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Device wherein the endleaf of panel is movable from an extended lower level position to a raised position coplanar with the main surface.

77	Dropleaf:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Device in which the extension surface is hinged to the main surface, and which may be rotated about its hinge axis to a depending nonuse position.

78	Leaf supports move in plane parallel to primary surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Device provided with means movable in a plane underlying and parallel to the surface member to a position engaging and supporting the leaf in extended position.

79	Supports include leg:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device in which the leaf supporting and engaging means includes a ground-engaging member.

80	Diagonal brace:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Device supported by means extending from a point on the underside of the leaf downwardly and inwardly to a point on the support.

81	Toggle type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Device in which the brace is pivoted intermediate the ends thereof.

82	With trip mechanism:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Device provided with means to release the brace from its supporting position.

83	Intermediate leaf:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Device wherein the auxiliary surface is stored relative to the main surface, and is insertable intermediate end sections of the main surface, the end sections being movable toward each other into abutting contact.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 84]

Elevating mechanism:

This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Device provided with means to raise the leaf from its stored position to its position coplanar with the main surface.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

67+,	wherein the insert comprises a plurality of hingedly interconnected panels.
71+,	for endleaf elevating mechanism.

85	Responsive to end section movement:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Device wherein the intermediate leaf insert is elevated from its stored position into the plane of the surface in response to separation of the end sections.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 86]

Concealed in stored position:

This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Device in which said leaf of panel when in nonuse position is stored and substantially hidden within the confines of said device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

33+,	for a surface with an independent housing.
67+,	wherein the concealed leaf comprises a plurality of hingedly interconnected panels.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 87]

With equalizer for opposed end section movement:

This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Device having interconnecting means between the end portions of the surfaces causing one end portion to move relative to the other when force is applied to the interconnecting means or to one end portion.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

137+,

for mere supporting surfaces which may be shifted horizontally.

88	Divided pedestal supports end sections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Device wherein a pedestal is laterally separable into individual portions, each of which carries a respective end section.

89	End sections secured mutually or to insert:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Device comprising means for securing the surface portions together after they have been drawn against each other or against an inserted leaf portion.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 90]

Detachable enlarging or substitute surface:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Device wherein an auxiliary surface may be removably secured in a covering relationship to a primary surface.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are table covers, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

69+,	for a surface adapted to be increased in area by addition to its end.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, various subclasses for sheet material which may be used as a cover.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 91]

Nested or stacked units:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Device wherein one surface is storable within or atop another surface.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

33+,	for a surface with an independent housing.
34+,	for a device wherein the housing is formed by a collapsible surface.
53.1+,	for nested or stacked industrial platforms.

92	Terraced:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Device arranged in a stepped relationship with an edge of one surface protruding beyond the edge of another surface.

93	One surface concealed beneath another surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Device wherein one of the surfaces is stored beneath another surface.

94	Rotatable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Device wherein at least one of the surfaces revolves about an axis.

95	Vertically adjustable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Device wherein at least one of the surfaces may be selectively positioned upwardly or downwardly.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 96]

Vertically adjustable:

This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Device wherein at least one of the surfaces may be selectively positioned upwardly or downwardly.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

95,	for a vertically adjustable rotatable terraced arrangement.

97	Detachable surface clamped to stationary surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Device wherein an auxiliary surface member is releasably connected to a primary surface member.

98	Clamping leg:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 97. Device wherein the auxiliary surface is provided with a supporting leg member which also functions as a releasable connector.

99	Folding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Device relating to pivoting at least one surface relative to another surface or to the support.

100	Opposite edges of surfaces vertically aligned:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Device wherein the rear edge of one surface is in the same vertical plane as the front edge of a superposed surface.

101	With separable components:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Device constructed to be readily set up from, or disjointed into, unassembled elements.

102	Horizontally adjustable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Device wherein at least one of the surfaces is movable in a plane normal to the vertical.

103	Rotatable about vertical axis:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Device wherein at least one of the surfaces turns about an axis normal to the horizontal plane.

104	Inner section rotates relative to fixed outer section:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein the surfaces are concentrically related to each other, the outer surface being fixed, and the inner surface being rotatable relative thereto.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 105]

105

Vertically adjustable:

This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein at least one of the surfaces may be selectively positioned upwardly or downwardly.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

95,	for vertically adjustable rotatable terraced surfaces.

106	Vertically adjustable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Device wherein at least one of the surfaces may be selectively positioned upwardly or downwardly.

107	Removably mountable in plural positions:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Device wherein the adjustment is brought about by separation of the surface, and the support and reassembly in a different position.

108	Cantilever support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Device wherein the support comprises a member supported only at one end.

109	Support members face each other:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Device wherein plural members are detachably connected to facing sides of upright structures at opposite sides of the surface and project toward each other.

110	Interlocked with surface configuration of support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Device wherein the support has openings or protuberances with which portions of the surfaces are secured by interfitting engagement.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 115]

115

FOLDING:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device in which the surface and the support are hingedly related.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

35,	for this structure with a housing.
65+,	for an extension leaf having a folding feature.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, subclasses 174+ for a folding bedstead.
182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, subclasses 152+ for a unitary foldable scaffold.
211,	Supports: Racks, subclasses 195+ for a folding rack.
248,	Supports, subclasses 166+ for a folding plural leg stand of more general utility.
273,	Amusement Devices: Games, subclass 285 for collapsible boards which are intended to be used in a board game.
297,	Chairs and Seats, subclasses 16.1+ for a folding chair.
403,	Joints and Connections, subclass 65 for a member pivotally connected to a rigid corner and subclasses 52+ for articulated joints in general.

116	With vertical adjustability:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Device with means to fix the surface in different vertical positions.

117	Sliding pivot connects surface and support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Device wherein the support is connected to the surface by a pivot movable along a guide.

118	Mutually pivoted crossed legs support surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Device wherein the support comprises legs which mutually, pivotally intersect intermediate their ends.

119	Surface pivoted to one, separably supported on other:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Device wherein the surface is connected by a fixed pivot at one point to the leg structure and disengagebly supported by the leg structure at another point.

120	Sliding pivot connects surface and leg:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Device wherein the surface is connected to the leg structure by a pivot which reciprocates in a guide.

121	All legs pivot toward common surface edge:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Device in which the surface is supported by legs which are all foldable in the same direction on parallel axes.

122	On common axis:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Device wherein the pivotal connections of the legs to the surface are coaxial.

123	Conjointly actuated by interconnected brace:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Device wherein the legs are interconnected by a generally elongated link member simultaneously actuating all the legs upon movement of any one of the legs.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 124]

124

Surface separably supported by means spaced from fixed pivot:

This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Device wherein the surface is pivoted at one point to the support and releasably supported by the support at a point remote from the fixed pivot.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

119,	for similar structure having mutually pivoted crossed legs.

125	Legs pivot perimetrically of surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Device in which the surface is supported by legs which fold along the perimeter of said surface.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 126]

126

Conjointly:

This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Device provided with means cooperable therewith to cause the legs to be folded either simultaneously or in succession.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

123,	for similarly actuated devices wherein all legs pivot toward a common surface edge.
130,	for similarly actuated devices wherein paired legs fold axially parallel to surface edges.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclasses 169 and 171 for stand legs in which means is provided to make all the legs move when one is moved.

127	Legs pivotally converge toward surface center:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Device wherein the legs fold parallel to the plane of the surface and inwardly of all the surface edges toward the center of said surface.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 128]

128

Folding arms support surface:

This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Device wherein the surface is held in operative position by members pivoted outwardly of the support and extending to a juncture with said surface.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclasses 434+ for similar structures for supports other than horizontal planar surface.

129	Legs fold axially parallel to surface edges:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Device wherein the surface is supported by legs pivoted on an axis substantially parallel to first opposed edges of the surface, and foldable to a stored or inoperative position to rest substantially parallel with the second opposed edges of the surface.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 130]

130

Paired legs conjointly actuated:

This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Device wherein the legs are in pairs, and an actuating mechanism is provided to cause said pairs to be folded either in unison or in succession.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

36,	for a surface which is collapsible to form a housing, and wherein the support includes legs connected in pairs.
123,	for conjointly actuated legs wherein all legs pivot toward a common surface edge.
126,	for conjointly actuated legs which pivot perimetrically of the surface.

131	Releasable means holds paired legs in predetermined position:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Device wherein the leg pairs may be held in a predetermined position against unintentional movement.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 132]

132

Legs folded adjacent surface:

This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Device wherein the leg pairs may be held in their inoperative position.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

11+,	for a surface used as a hand tray when the legs are held folded.

133	Spring biased:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Device in which the means is a spring, or is spring actuated.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 134]

134

Laterally attached surface:

This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Device wherein the surface is mounted to one side of the support.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

47,	for a similar device attached to the top and side of an upright support.
48,	for a similar surface having a wall and floor relationship.

135	Detachable assembly:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 134. Device wherein the surface is readily removable from the support.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 136]

136

BIASED SURFACE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device provided with means to urge the surface in a predetermined direction.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

2,	for means to urge the surface about its tilt axis.
37,	for means to urge the surface to or from a housed position.
71+,	for an extension endleaf elevating mechanism.
84+,	for an extension intermediate leaf elevating mechanism.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclasses 560+ for resilient supports, and subclasses 637+ for machinery supports.
297,	Chairs and Seats, subclasses 307+ for a resiliently supported chair or seat.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 137]

137

HORIZONTALLY ADJUSTABLE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device wherein the surface may be shifted horizontally relative to the support.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

5+,	for a tiltable surface having horizontal adjustment.
20+,	for a surface having power means for moving it.
102+,	for plural related surfaces having horizontal adjustment.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 138]

138

Concurrent horizontal and vertical movements:

This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Device having means concurrently to effect vertical adjustment of the surface relative to the horizontal movement.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

136,	for similar devices in which the surface member is biased in a horizontal plane.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 139]

139

Rotates about vertical axis:

This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Device in which the surface turns about an axis which is normal to a horizontal plane.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

39,	for a housed surface having this type of adjustment.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

99,	Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclass 466 for a revolving surface used in treating dairy food.
369,	Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, subclasses 264+ for holding a rotating storage medium element in operative position.

140	And moves lineally:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Device provided with means for additionally moving the surface in a straight line.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 141]

141

Vertically adjustable:

This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Device wherein the surface may be selectively positioned in a direction normal to a horizontal plane.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

95,	for vertically adjustable rotatable terraced surfaces.
105,	for other plural related rotatable surfaces which are vertically adjustable.

142	With means to limit or inhibit rotation:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Device wherein means are provided to selectively prevent or resist the rotation of the surface.

143	Mounted on slide-and-guide:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Device wherein the surface is mounted upon a slide and guide-type bearing member.

144.11

VERTICALLY ADJUSTABLE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device including structure which allows the support surface to be retained in a plurality of vertically spaced positions.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

10,	for a tilting table having a vertically adjustable axis.
12,	for a convertible device wherein the support is rearranged relative to the supported surface, and which may include vertical adjustability.
19,	for a convertible device in which the support comprises at least two sets of legs of different lengths, one set being in an inoperative position, and wherein the sets of legs support the surface at different elevations above a reference plane.
40,	for a surface which is slidably hinged to a housing wall.
95,	for rotatable terraced surfaces which are vertically adjustable.
96,	for terraced surfaces which are vertically adjustable.
105,	for plural related rotatable surfaces which are vertically adjustable.
106+,	for a folding surface having vertical adjustability.
138,	for a surface which is capable of concurrent horizontal and vertical adjustments.
141,	for a surface which rotates about a vertical axis and has vertical adjustability.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, subclass 611 for vertically adjustable body-supporting elements in invalid bed.
83,	Cutting, subclasses 477+ and 477.2 for sawing tables and adjustment therefor.
182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, subclasses 141+ for a workman-supporting platform with elevating means.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 145]

145

Articulated link shifts surface:

This subclass is indented under subclass 144.11. Device comprising an intermediate member pivotally joining the surface and the support, which member may be swung from a horizontal or inclined position toward the vertical to lift said surface.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

9+,	for a surface-adjusting link for a tiltable surface.
72,	for elevating mechanism for an endleaf which includes a link.

146	With biased holding means; e.g., latch:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 144.11. Device wherein the surface is retained in its adjusted position by a bolt, pawl, latch, or other holding means which is urged into locking position by a spring element or other urging means.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 147]

147

With force-multiplying means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 144.11. Device in which the surface is lifted or raised by means which employs a mechanical advantage; e.g., gears or hydraulic motors.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclasses 404+ for a vertically adjustable standard-type stand having similar force-multiplying means.

147.11	Shelf type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 144.11. Device wherein the support surface is a thin platelike member fixed horizontally to a vertical surface or in a frame.

147.12	Including means for securing a corner of shelf to a vertical tubular post:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 147.11. Device including an elongated hollow upright support pole and a means for fastening a corner of the thin platelike member to the upright support pole.

147.13	Including corner sleeve:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 147.12. Device wherein the fastening means includes a collar member adapted to embrace the upright support pole.

147.14	Including corner clamp:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 147.12. Device wherein the fastening means includes movable opposed parts; and wherein the corner of the thin platelike member is affixed to the upright support pole by urging the opposite parts closer together.

147.15	Attached to corner post:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 147.11. Device wherein the thin platelike member includes a corner adapted to be secured to an upright support post.

147.16	Having shelf-supporting means mounted between parallel spaced-apart upright walls:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 147.11. Device including a pair of parallel vertical partitions and means secured to the partitions adapted to support the thin platelike member in a horizontal position and between the vertical partitions.

147.17	Including shelf supporting bracket:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 147.11. Device including a shelf rest means mounted to and projecting from the vertical surface or frame, and adapted to bear the weight of the thin platelike member.

147.18	By clamping assembly:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 144.11. Device including a securing means having two movable opposite parts adapted to hold either the support surface or the support structure in between them.

147.19	By telescoping:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 144.11. Device wherein the support structure includes two elongated hollow tubes adapted to slide one within another; and wherein the support surface is vertically adjusted by sliding one tube relative to the other.

147.2	And pivoting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 147.19. Device wherein the support surface is vertically adjusted by including a step of turning the support surface about an axis.

147.21	Including fastening means passing through registered openings:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 147.19. Device including aligned holes in the hollow tubes; and a securing means projecting through the aligned holes.

147.22	By pivoting a leg:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 144.11. Device wherein the support structure includes a leg having structure adapted to turn about a pivot point; and wherein the support surface can be vertically adjusted by moving and adjusting the leg about the pivot point.

148	Holding means cooperates with smooth face:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 144.11. Device wherein the surface may be retained in an infinite number of use positions by means laterally engaging an even, imperforate face of the support.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 149]

149

SUPPORTING STRUCTURE EXTENDS UPWARDLY OF SURFACE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device wherein the structure which supports the surface extends upwardly of the surface to engage overhead supporting structure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, subclass 150 for a suspended platform.
248,	Supports, subclasses 317+ for a device for supporting an article by hanging it from an overhead support.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 150]

150

PEDESTAL SUPPORTED:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device in which a standard forms the support.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

88,	for an extension surface having a divided pedestal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclasses 158+ for a vertical standard extending from a base.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 351.2 for a pedestal supported cabinet.

151	SURFACE MEMBER EMBRACES SUPPORT:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device wherein the surface at least partially surrounds and is attached to the structure which supports it.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 152]

152

ATTACHED LATERALLY OF SUPPORT:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device including means to mount the surface to one side of the support.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

134+,

for a similarly mounted surface which folds.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, subclasses 187+ for a workman-supporting platform mounted exteriorly of a shaft.

153.1

WITH SEPARABLE COMPONENTS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device including elements adapted to be detached from one another.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

56.1+,	for a collapsible industrial platform.
97+,	for a detachable surface clamped to a stationary surface.
101,	for terraced surfaces having separable components.
107+,	for plural related surfaces which are removably mounted in plural positions.
180+,	for plural related surfaces having separable components.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclass 165 for a plural legged stand which is readily taken apart usually without the removal of bolts, etc.

154	Surface and support interlocked by spaced detachable constrainer:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 153.1. Device wherein the connection between the surface and the support is operatively sustained by a fastener remote from said connection, which fastener also retains the components of the support in assembled relationship.

155	Surface secured to leg-connecting parallel member:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 153.1. Device wherein the surface is removably attached to means joining the upper portions of leg structure, which means lies in a plane parallel to the plane of the surface.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 156]

156

Independent legs support surface:

This subclass is indented under subclass 153.1. Device comprising independent legs (i.e., legs not interconnected with each other) sustaining a surface in operative position by a direct connection therewith or with an apron thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclass 188 for leg-attaching connections.
403,	Joints and Connections, subclasses 230+ for a connection between a rod end and a transverse surface.

157.1

Surface separable from support entity:

This subclass is indented under subclass 153.1. Device wherein the support surface is readily detachable from an assembled support unit.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

90,	for a detachable enlarging or substitute surface.

157.11	Attachable to armchair:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Device wherein the assembled support unit is a seating means having structure to support an arm of a user; and wherein the support surface is adapted to be secured to the arm-supporting structure of the seating means.

157.12	Detachable ironing board:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Device wherein the detachable support surface is adapted to be used for ironing purpose.

157.13	Detachable shelf-type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Device wherein the support surface is a thin platelike member detachably attached horizontally to a wall or in a frame.

157.14	Formed from folded semi-rigid material (e.g., cardboard, fibrous paper material, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Device wherein the device is made from a folded sheet of material having a degree of rigidity which is only rigid enough to support the device in an upright position.

157.15	Table top having downwardly extended edge for directly contacting with and securing to an end of support entity:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Device wherein the support surface includes an edge having a downwardly turned flange; and wherein the assembled support unit includes an end adapted to be secured directly to the downwardly turned flange.

157.16	Table top having notch means for receiving projection from support entity:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Device including a cut-out structure on the support surface and a tongue means either integral with or attached to the assembled support unit; wherein the support surface is attached to the assembled support unit by projecting the tongue means into the cut-out structure.

157.17	Table top solely connected to support entity by its own weight:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Device wherein the support surface is adapted to be placed upon the assembled support unit without any securing means.

157.18	Support entity having means with opposite members (e.g., slot, groove, clamping means, etc.) for holding an edge of table top therebetween:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Device wherein the assembled support unit includes a securing means having opposite elements adapted to hold an edge of the support surface therebetween.

158	Threaded connection:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Device wherein the surface is removably fastened to the support by a threaded connector.

158.11	Having means to detachably connect a tubular component to another component:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 153.1. Device including an elongated hollow element and a means to detachably secure the elongated hollow element to another element.

158.12	Separable components connected together by interlocking parts (e.g., groove and tongue, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 153.1. Device including a connecting means having parts adapted to exactly fit and lock into each other.

158.13	Separable components connected together by clamping means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 153.1. Device including a securing means having movable opposite parts; wherein the elements are secured together by moving the opposite parts closer together to tightly hold one of the elements therebetween.

159	Surface vertically removable, horizontally immovable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Device having means whereby the surface is removable from the support in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the surface, which means prevents lateral movement of the surface relative to the support.

159.11	By latch or clamping means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Device wherein the support surface is connected to the assembled support unit by a locking device having structure adapted to slide or pivot into a catch means (e.g., groove, hole, etc.); or by a securing means having movable opposite parts that may be brought closer together or further apart.

159.12	Including folding legs:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Device wherein the assembled support entity includes plurality of pivotally connected legs adapted to be brought into a compact form by bending the legs relative to each other.

160	SURFACE WITH BRACED HINGED LEG:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device wherein the surface has hingedly attached thereto a leg which is held in an operative position by a link member extending between a portion of the leg and the surface.

161	MISCELLANEOUS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device not elsewhere classified.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 162]

162

Foldable component:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Plural related horizontal surfaces wherein either one surface is foldably connected to another, or support structure for a horizontal surface is foldably connected to the surface.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

65+,	for an extension leaf having a folding feature.
115+,	for similar related subject matter which does not include plural related horizontal surfaces.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, subclasses 174+ for bedsteads having a folding component.
211,	Supports: Racks, subclass 85 for foldable support, subclass 132.1 for foldable rack, and subclass 195 for foldable rack.
248,	Supports, subclass 166 for a folding stand.

163	Surfaces comprise plural bars:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter wherein the surfaces include relatively long, straight, rigid, and parallel structural members.

164	Superjacent support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter in which the structure supporting a horizontal surface is located above the surface.

165	Integrally formed from sheet:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter in which the horizontal surfaces and supporting structure are formed from a single piece of material such as cardboard, plastic, sheet metal, etc.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 166]

166

Hinged horizontal surfaces:

This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter wherein the horizontal surfaces are pivotally connected to each other.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclass 71 for a barrier having hingedly connected sections.

167	Folded along lateral center line:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Subject matter in which the surface sections are hingedly connected to fold along a width of the whole surface area.

168	With latch:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter in which the structure includes a bar that fits into a notch, slot, or cavity to lock the components in either a folded or a nonfolded position.

169	Leg collapses between surface sections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter wherein the support is positioned between the surface components when the device is in a folded or inoperative position.

170	Surface section collapses between legs:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter wherein a surface component is positioned between plural support members when the device is in a folded or inoperative position.

171	Folded along longitudinal center line:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Subject matter wherein the surface sections are hingedly connected to fold along a length of the whole surface area.

172	With latch:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Subject matter in which the structure includes a bar that fits into a notch, slot, or cavity to lock the components in either a folded or a nonfolded position.

173	Leg and surface sections collapse concurrently:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Subject matter wherein the surface components collapse simultaneously with the support.

174	Leg collapses between surface sections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 173. Subject matter wherein the leg is positioned between the surface sections when the device is in folded or inoperative position.

175	Surface section collapses between legs:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 173. Subject matter wherein the surface section is positioned between the legs when the device is in folded or inoperative position.

176	Support structure includes leg:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter wherein the support structure includes an elongated floor-engaging member.

177	With caster:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 176. Subject matter in which the leg is combined with a rolling member mounted for movably supporting the structure.

178	Pairs of legs pivotally connected at their top ends and diverging downwardly:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Subject matter wherein the support structure includes two or more pairs of legs, each pair being hingedly connected at their upper ends to another pair of legs and extending downwardly and outwardly from the other pair to engage the floor.

179	Horizontal surface pivotally connected to support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter in which the surface is hingedly connected to the support.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 180]

180

Separable component:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Plural related horizontal surfaces wherein a surface or a support for a surface can be detached.

(1) Note. A component is considered separable if it can be detached without being damaged.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

107+,

for a device wherein vertical adjustment is brought about by separation of the surfaces, and the support, and reassembly in a different position.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

211,	Supports: Racks, subclasses 186+ for a shelf support and subclasses 189+ for a knockdown rack.
248,	Supports, subclass 165 for a knockdown stand and subclasses 460+ for a knockdown device adapted to support an article in an inclined position.

181	Surfaces comprise plural bars:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Subject matter in which the surfaces include relatively long, straight, rigid, and parallel structural members.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 182]

182

Superjacent support:

This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Subject matter in which the structure supporting a horizontal surface is located above the surface.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

164,	for foldable device having superjacent support.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

211,	Supports: Racks, subclasses 113+ for support suspended to a ceiling.
248,	Supports, subclasses 317+ for a device for supporting an article by hanging it from an overhead support.

183	Vertically spaced circular surfaces:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Subject matter wherein the horizontal surfaces are round and spaced one above the other.

184	Transparent surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Subject matter in which the surface is made from material capable of transmitting light so that an object can be seen through it.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 185]

185

Laterally interconnected coplanar surfaces:

This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Subject matter wherein the surfaces are united in a side-by-side relationship so that the top surfaces lie in the same plane.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

64,	for structure wherein self-supporting units are laterally connectible.
89,	for a device wherein end sections are mutually secured to each other or to an insert.

186	Support structure includes leg:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Subject matter in which the support structure includes an elongated floor-engaging member.

187	Horizontal brace connecting legs:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Subject matter wherein the support structure includes at least two legs and an elongated horizontal member connected to them and extending between them.

188	Diagonal brace connecting legs:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Subject matter in which the support structure includes at least two legs and a strengthening member extending obliquely from one leg to another.

189	With caster:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Subject matter in which the leg is combined with a rolling member mounted for movably supporting the structure.

190	Sectional legs:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Subject matter in which the leg comprises more than one separable piece.

191	Single pedestal:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Subject matter in which the support is one centrally located leg.

[List of Patents for class 108 subclass 192]

192

Leg attached at surface corner by clamping means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Subject matter in which the leg is fastened to the surface at a corner thereof by a gripping arrangement.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, subclass 288 for bedsteads with side rails detachably connected to the corner posts.
248,	Supports, subclasses 226.11+ for a device with a bracket removably secured to its support.

193	Surface detachably connected to vertical side frames:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Subject matter in which the surface is releasably attached to at least two leg assemblies, each of which comprises vertical legs connected by a horizontal member.

CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS

The following subclasses are collections of published disclosures pertaining to various aspects of the art of horizontally supported planar surfaces and do not form an appropriate base for subclass classification in the classification schedule.

(1) Note. Disclosures are placed herein for value as a search aid and in no instance do they represent the entire extent of the prior art.

901	SYNTHETIC PLASTIC INDUSTRIAL PLATFORM (E.G., PALLET, ETC.):
	Industrial pallets or platforms made of synthetic plastic material.

902	Made with deformable integral fastening elements:
	Synthetic plastic industrial platforms having deformable means integral therewith and by which the platform may be attached or fastened to something else.

FOREIGN ART COLLECTIONS

The definitions below correspond to abolished subclasses from which these collections were formed. See the Foreign Art Collection schedule of this class for specific correspondences. [Note: The titles and definitions for indented art collections include all the details of the one(s) that are hiearchically superior.]
FOR 100	COMBINED:
	Foreign Art Collection for device in combination with structure having another function or serving to perfect the device for its intended function.

FOR 101	INDUSTRIAL PLATFORM:
	Foreign Art Collection for devices wherein the support surface is provided with support means comprising legs, runners, or the like whereby a load may be supported relatively close to a floor or primary support, and having means to receive handling means beneath said surface or load.

FOR 102	VERTICALLY ADJUSTABLE:
	Foreign Art Collection for device wherein the surface is retained in a plurality of vertically spaced positions.

FOR 103	WITH SEPARABLE COMPONENTS:
	Foreign Art Collection for device wherein one element of the device may be parted or divorced from another of its elements.

FOR 104	Surface separable from support entity:
	Device wherein the support remains as an assembled unit upon removal of the surface therefrom.

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