| Class 374 | THERMAL MEASURING AND TESTING |
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![[List of Pre Grant Publications for class 374 subclass 1]](../as.gif) | ![[List of Patents for class 374 subclass 1]](../ps.gif) | 1 | THERMAL CALIBRATION SYSTEM |
| | 2 |  By thermal radiation emitting device (e.g., blackbody cavity) |
| | 3 | By immersion in liquid having controlled temperature |
| | 4 | LEAK OR FLAW DETECTION |
| | 6 | DISTANCE OR ANGLE |
| | 8 | FLAMMABILITY TESTING |
| | 9 | EMISSIVITY DETERMINATION |
| | 10 | DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS |
| | 14 | THERMAL GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS |
| | 15 | BY APPLYING KNOWN THERMAL GRADIENT (E.G., INDICATION OF RESPONSE BY LOCATION) |
| | 16 | TRANSFORMATION POINT DETERMINATION (E.G., DEW POINT, BOILING POINT) |
| | 17 | By change in optical property (e.g., transmission) |
| | 21 | By electrical condition of specimen |
| | 22 | By change in motion of movable element |
| | 24 | By change in pressure of flow rate |
| | 25 | By thermal arrest (e.g., time-temperature curve) |
| | 27 | Between gaseous and liquid states |
| | 29 | HEAT FLUX MEASUREMENT |
| | 31 | CALORIMETRY |
| | 32 | Total radiant energy or power measurement |
| | 33 | With control of heat added to or lost from a sample container (e.g., isothermal calorimetry) |
| | 35 | Heat absorbing heigh temperature gas probe (e.g., enthalpy or fluid cooled probe) |
| | 36 | Heat value of combustion (e.g., 'calorific value') |
| | 39 | Gain or loss of heat by heat utilizing load in path of heat exchange fluid |
| | 42 | Throttling calorimeter (e.g., steam quality) |
| | 43 | DETERMINATION OF INHERENT THERMAL PROPERTY (E.G., HEAT FLOW COEFFICIENT) |
| | 45 | THERMAL TESTING OF A NONTHERMAL QUANTITY |
| | 46 | With loading of specimen (e.g., stress or strain) |
| | 53 | Of cure or hardenability |
| | 54 | Of fluid volume |
| | 55 | Expansion or contraction characteristics (e.g., dilatometry) |
| | 57 | Of susceptibility to thermally induced deteriouration, flaw, or failure |
| | 100 | TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT (E.G., THERMOMETER) |
| | 101 | Composite temperature-related paramenter |
| | 102 |  Time-temperature relationship (e.g., integral, deterioration, change) |
| | 103 |  Time-temperature integration performed by particular circuit arrangement |
| | 104 | Peak (maximum or minimum) with respect to time |
| | 105 |  Indicating tube with sensing material return prevention |
| | 106 | Permanent visual indication (i.e., irreversible) |
| | 107 | Rate of change |
| | 108 | Degree-days |
| | 109 | Climate related (e.g., wind-chill factor, discomfort index) |
| | 110 | Plural spaced temperature function |
| | 117 | By a vibratory effect (e.g., resonant frequency, acoustical) |
| | 120 | In spaced noncontact relationship to specimen |
| | 121 | By thermally emitted radiation |
| | 122 | By microwave arrangement |
| | 123 | Transparent material measurement or compensation (e.g., spectral line, gas, particulate suspension |
| | 124 | With scanning or temperature distribution display |
| | 125 | With fluid flow purging device |
| | 126 | Having emissivity compensating or specified radiating surface |
| | 127 | Having significant frequency limitation or relationship (e.g., peak, ratio) |
| | 128 | Having significant signal handling circuitry (e.g., linearizing, emissivity compensation) |
| | 129 | Comparison with radiation reference standard |
| | 130 | Optical system structure (e.g., lens) |
| | 132 | Sensor or mounting temperature control |
| | 133 | Ambient temperature compensated (e.g., dummy sensor) |
| | 134 | Extrapolation (e.g., simulation, heat flow) |
| | 135 | By fluid flow within or to sensor (e.g., convection, heat transfer, differential pressure) |
| | 136 | Geophysical (e.g., well bore, underwater) |
| | 137 | Temperature distribution or profile |
| | 138 | With fluid flow deflector |
| | 139 | Of molten metal |
| | 141 | Combined with diverse art device |
| | 142 | With other measuring device |
| | 144 | With combustion engine |
| | 147 | With fluid carrying conduit (e.g., shower pipe) |
| | 149 | With cooking compartment or door thereof (e.g., oven) |
| | 150 | With bottle (e.g., nursing) |
| | 151 | With confection or infant pacifier |
| | 152 | With electrical component (e.g., transformer) |
| | 153 | With roll or rotary specimen or support |
| | 155 | With percing element |
| | 156 | With float |
| | 157 | With sampling cup |
| | 158 | With removable cover for sensor (e.g., disposable sheath) |
| | 159 | Nonelectrical, nonmagnetic, or nonmechanical temperature responsive property |
| | 163 | By electrical or magnetic heat sensor |
| | 164 | With preheated sensing probe |
| | 165 | With heat exchanger or conductor |
| | 166 | At plural zones |
| | 168 | With self-rebalancing arrangement (e.g., servo-potentiometer, thermal link) |
| | 169 | With thermal lag compensation |
| | 170 | Digital output |
| | 172 | With compensation for sensor nonlinearity or lead impedance |
| | 174 | By conductive fluid or work function within sensor (e.g., ionization) |
| | 175 | Thermal noise generated in conductor |
| | 176 | Including sensor having hysteresis or cryogenic property (e.g., ferromagnetism, superconductivity) |
| | 178 | By barrier layer sensing element (e.g., semiconductor junction) |
| | 179 | By thermoelectric potential generator (e.g., thermocouple) |
| | 180 | Specimen is part of thermoelectric circuit |
| | 181 | Reference junction compensation |
| | 182 | Reference junction temperature control |
| | 183 | By current modifying sensor |
| | 186 | With specified recording arrangement |
| | 187 | Mechanical (e.g., expansion or contraction of materials) |
| | 188 | Having electrical indication |
| | 189 | Plural zones (e.g., indoor-outdoor) |
| | 190 | Indicating tube type |
| | 191 | With optical element (e.g., magnifying) |
| | 192 | With holder for shaking |
| | 193 | Having specified cross section |
| | 194 | With support or housing |
| | 195 | With detail of motion transmitting mechanism |
| | 196 | One sensing element within another |
| | 197 | With compensation |
| | 198 | With adjustment |
| | 201 | Expanding fluid |
| | 204 | Multiple distinct sensing elements |
| | 205 | Compound sensing element (e.g., bimetallic) |
| | 208 | HOUSING, SUPPORT, OR ADJUNCT |
| | 210 | MISCELLANEOUS |
| E-SUBCLASSES | ||
| The following subclasses beginning with the letter E are E-subclasses. Each E-subclass corresponds in scope to a classification in a foreign classification system, for example, the European Classification system (ECLA). The foreign classification equivalent to an E-subclass is identified in the subclass definition. In addition to US documents classified in E-subclasses by US examiners, documents are regularly classified in E-subclasses according to the classification practices of any foreign Offices identified in parentheses at the end of the title. For example, "(EPO)" at the end of a title indicates both European and US patent documents, as classified by the EPO, are regularly added to the subclass. E-subclasses may contain subject matter outside the scope of this class.Consult their definitions, or the documents themselves to clarify or interpret titles. |
| | E19.001 | TESTING OR CALIBRATING CALORIMETERS (EPO) |
| | E17.001 | MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT (EPO) |
| | E17.002 | For measuring the power of light beams, e.g., laser beams, etc. (EPO) |
| | E17.003 | Microcalorimeters, e.g., using silicon microstructures, etc. (EPO) |
| | E17.004 | Calorimeters using transport of an indicating substances, e.g., evaporation calorimeters, etc. (EPO) |
| | E17.005 | Where evaporation, sublimation or condensation caused by heating or cooling, is measured (EPO) |
| | E17.006 | Calorimeters using compensation methods (EPO) |
| | E17.007 | Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing mediums, e.g., in heating systems, etc. (EPO) |
| | E17.008 | Based upon measurement of temperature difference (EPO) |
| | E17.009 | Between an inlet and an outlet point, combined with measurement of rate of flow of the medium if such, by integration during a certain time-interval (EPO) |
| | E17.01 | Indicating product of flow and temperature difference directly (EPO) |
| | E17.015 | Across a radiating surface, combined with ascertainment of the heat transmission coefficient (EPO) |
| | E15.001 | TESTING OR CALIBRATING OF THERMOMETERS (EPO) |
| | E7.001 | MEASURING TEMPERATURE BASED ON THE USE OF ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC ELEMENTS DIRECTLY SENSITIVE TO HEAT (EPO) |
| | E7.002 | Using pyroelectric elements (EPO) |
| | E7.003 | Using superconductive elements (EPO) |
| | E7.004 | Using thermoelectric elements, e.g., thermocouples, etc. (EPO) |
| | E7.005 | Provided with specially adapted connectors (EPO) |
| | E7.006 | Expendable thermocouples (EPO) |
| | E7.007 | Arrangements for signaling rupture or disconnection of the thermocouple (EPO) |
| | E7.008 | Using microstructures, e.g., made of silicon, etc. (EPO) |
| | E7.009 | The object to be measured not forming one of the thermo-electric materials (EPO) |
| | E7.01 | The thermo-electric materials being arranged one within the other with the junction at one end exposed to the object, e.g., sheathed type, etc. (EPO) |
| | E7.011 | The object to be measured forming one of the thermo-electric materials, e.g. pointed type, etc. (EPO) |
| | E7.012 | Arrangements for compensating for auxiliary variables, e.g., length of lead, etc. (EPO) |
| | E7.013 | Arrangements with respect to the cold junction, e.g., preventing influence of temperature of surrounding air, etc. (EPO) |
| | E7.015 | Arrangements for modifying the output characteristic, e.g., linearizing, etc. (EPO) |
| | E7.016 | Particular circuit arrangements (EPO) |
| | E7.018 | Using resistive elements (EPO) |
| | E7.019 | The element being an electrolyte (EPO) |
| | E7.021 | The element being a linear resistance, e.g., platinum resistance thermometer, etc. (EPO) |
| | E7.022 | Characterized by the use of the resistive element (EPO) |
| | E7.023 | Using microstructures (EPO) |
| | E7.024 | In a specially-adapted circuit, e.g., bridge circuit, etc. (EPO) |
| | E7.028 | The element being a non-linear resistance, e.g., thermistor, etc. (EPO) |
| | E7.034 | Using thermal noise of resistances or conductors (EPO) |
| | E7.035 | Using semiconducting elements having PN junctions (EPO) |
| | E7.037 | Using capacitative elements (EPO) |
| | E7.039 | Using magnetic elements, e.g., magnets, coils, etc. (EPO) |
| | E7.041 | Using ionization of gases (EPO) |
| | E7.042 | Circuits for reducing thermal inertia; Circuits for predicting the stationary value of temperature (EPO) |
| | E3.001 | THERMOMETERS GIVING RESULTS OTHER THAN MOMENTARY VALUE OF TEMPERATURE (EPO) |
| | E3.002 | Circuits arrangements for indicating a predetermined temperature (EPO) |
| | E3.003 | Giving means values; giving integrated values (EPO) |
| | E3.006 | Giving differences of values; giving differentiated values (EPO) |
| | E9.001 | MEASURING TEMPERATURE BASED ON MOVEMENTS CAUSED BY REDISTRIBUTION OF WEIGHT, E.G., TILTING THERMOMETER, ETC. (EPO) |
| | E5.001 | MEASURING TEMPERATURE BASED ON THE EXPANSION OR CONTRACTION OF A MATERIAL (EPO) |
| | E5.002 | The material being a liquid (EPO) |
| | E5.003 | Manufacturing of this particular type of thermometer (EPO) |
| | E5.004 | Details (EPO) |
| | E5.005 | Arrangements for driving back the liquid column (EPO) |
| | E5.006 | Capillary tubes (EPO) |
| | E5.007 | Containers for the liquid (EPO) |
| | E5.008 | Selection of liquid compositions (EPO) |
| | E5.009 | The liquid displacing a further liquid column or a solid body (EPO) |
| | E5.01 | With electric contacts (EPO) |
| | E5.011 | With electric conversion means for final indication (EPO) |
| | E5.012 | With provision for expansion indicating over not more than a few degrees, e.g., clinical thermometer, etc. (EPO) |
| | E5.014 | With means for indicating a maximum or a minimum or both (EPO) |
| | E5.015 | With provision for measuring the difference between two temperatures (EPO) |
| | E5.016 | With provision for adjusting zero point of scale, e.g., Beckmann thermometer, etc. (EPO) |
| | E5.017 | The material being a gas (EPO) |
| | E5.019 | The material being a fluid contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the material (EPO) |
| | E5.02 | Selection of fluid compositions (EPO) |
| | E5.021 | Using a fluid container connected to the deformable body by means of a capillary tube (EPO) |
| | E5.022 | The body being a tubular spring, e.g., Bourdon tube, etc. (EPO) |
| | E5.025 | The body being a bellows (EPO) |
| | E5.026 | The body being a capsule (EPO) |
| | E5.027 | The body being a cylinder and piston (EPO) |
| | E5.028 | With electric conversion means for final indication (EPO) |
| | E5.03 | The material being a solid (EPO) |
| | E5.031 | Using materials with a configuration memory e.g., Ni-Ti alloys, etc. (EPO) |
| | E5.032 | Using microstructures, e.g., made of silicon, etc. (EPO) |
| | E5.033 | Arranged for free expansion or contraction (EPO) |
| | E5.035 | Consisting of pivotally-connected elements (EPO) |
| | E5.036 | Constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid (EPO) |
| | E5.037 | The solid body being formed of compounded strips or plates, e.g., bimetallic strip, etc. (EPO) |
| | E5.038 | Details of the compounds system (EPO) |
| | E5.039 |  Selection of composition of the components of the system (EPO) |
| | E5.04 | Shape of the system (EPO) |
| | E5.041 | Specially adapted for indicating or recording (EPO) |
| | E5.043 | The solid body being constrained at more than one point, e.g., rod, plate, diaphragm, etc. (EPO) |
| | E11.001 | MEASURING TEMPERATURE BASED UPON PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL CHANGES NOT COVERED BY ANY OF THE PRECEDING SUBCLASSES (EPO) |
| | E11.002 | Using absorption or generation of gas, e.g., hydrogen, etc. (EPO) |
| | E11.003 | Using measurement of the effect of a material on microwaves or longer electromagnetic waves, e.g., measuring temperature via microwaves emitted by the object, etc. (EPO) |
| | E11.004 | Using evaporation or sublimation, e.g., by observing boiling, etc. (EPO) |
| | E11.005 | From material contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the vapor (EPO) |
| | E11.006 | Using melting, freezing, or softening (EPO) |
| | E11.008 | Using sintering (EPO) |
| | E11.009 | Using measurement of acoustic effects (EPO) |
| | E11.013 | Using measurements of density (EPO) |
| | E11.014 | Using measurement of the effect of a material on X-radiation, gamma radiation or particle radiation (EPO) |
| | E11.015 | Using changes in transmission, scattering or fluorescence in optical fibers (EPO) |
| | E11.018 | Using change of color or translucency (EPO) |
| | E11.019 | Using change in reflectance (EPO) |
| | E11.02 | Of inorganic materials (EPO) |
| | E11.021 | Of organic materials (EPO) |
| | E11.023 | Of materials which change translucency (EPO) |
| | E11.024 | Using thermo-luminescent materials (EPO) |
| | E13.001 | ADAPTATIONS OF THERMOMETERS FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES (EPO) |
| | E13.002 | For measuring body temperature (EPO) |
| | E13.004 | For cryogenic purposes (EPO) |
| | E13.006 | For measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow (EPO) |
| | E13.008 | For measuring temperature of moving solid bodies (EPO) |
| | E13.011 | For measuring temperature within piled or stacked materials (EPO) |
| | E13.012 | Combined with sampling devices for measuring temperatures of samples of materials (EPO) |
| | E1.001 | DETAILS OF THERMOMETERS NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PARTICULAR TYPES OF THERMOMETER (EPO) |
| | E1.002 | Special applications of indicating or recording means, e.g., for remote indications, etc. (EPO) |
| | E1.003 | Recording (EPO) |
| | E1.004 | For remote (EPO) |
| | E1.005 | Arrangements for monitoring a plurality of temperatures, e.g., by multiplexing, etc. (EPO) |
| | E1.006 | Arrangements for numerical indication (EPO) |
| | E1.007 | Scales (EPO) |
| | E1.011 | Protective devices, e.g., casings, etc. (EPO) |
| | E1.012 | For clinical thermometers, e.g., contamination preventing sleeves, etc. (EPO) |
| | E1.014 | For preventing chemical attack (EPO) |
| | E1.016 | For preventing damage due to heat overloading (EPO) |
| | E1.018 | Supports; Fastening devices; mounting thermometers in particular locations (EPO) |
| | E1.019 | For measuring surface temperatures, e.g., of pipe walls, etc. (EPO) |
| | E1.02 | Arrangements for moving thermometers to or from a measuring position (EPO) |
| | E1.021 | Special arrangements for conducting heat from the object to the sensitive element (EPO) |
| | E1.023 | Compensating for effects of temperature changes other than those to be measured, e.g., changes in ambient temperature, etc. (EPO) |
| | E1.024 | By means of fluid contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the fluid (EPO) |
| | E1.025 | By means of compounded strips or plates, e.g., by bimetallic strips, etc. (EPO) |
| | E1.026 | Compensating for effects of pressure changes (EPO) |
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