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Classification Resources
 

 [Search a list of Patent Appplications for class 554]   CLASS 554,ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES
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SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 1]    1Fatty compounds having an acid moiety which contains the carbonyl of a carboxylic acid, salt, ester, or amide group bonded directly to one end of an acyclic chain of at least seven (7) uninterrupted carbons, wherein any additional carbonyl in the acid moiety is (1) part of an aldehyde or ketone group, (2) bonded directly to a noncarbon atom which is between the additional carbonyl and the chain, or (3) attached indirectly to the chain via ionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds under Class 532, ... , which are long-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid derivatives, herein referred to as "fatty compounds", characterized by having the carbonyl of (1) a carboxylic acid, (2) a carboxylic acid salt, (3) a carboxylic acid ester, or (4) a carboxylic acid amide bonded directly to one end of an acyclic chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons, i.e., the acid moiety; wherein any additional carbonyl group in the acid moiety is (1) part of an aldehyde or ketone group, (2) bonded directly to a noncarbon atom which is between the additional carbonyl and the chain, or (3) attached indirectly to the chain by ionic bonding.
(1) Note. The term "fatty compounds" referred to throughout the definitions is inclusive of fats, fatty oils, ester-type waxes, higher fatty acids, salts, esters, amides, and fatty still residues, the latter being the bottoms, tars, or pitches resulting from distillation of fats, oils, and waxes, e.g., stearine pitch. Fats and fatty oils are glycerides of higher fatty acids, including naturally occurring mixtures thereof present in a single oil or fat. Ester-type waxes are essentially esters in chemical structure, e.g., beeswax, montan wax, carnauba wax, and spermaceti.
(2) Note. Included herein are processes directed to the preparation, treatment, modification, purification, or recovery of fatty compounds by chemical or physical means which do not involve the destruction of the acid moiety as defined above, when such processes are not provided for elsewhere.
(3) Note. The treatment of a mixture of fats, oils, or waxes from different sources or a single oil, fat, or wax with a mixture of reactants, to produce a particular composition of matter having an art use for which there is a class provided, is classified in the class providing for said art use and cross-referenced hereinto when desirable.

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204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy,   subclasses 157.6+ for methods of preparing and treating fatty compounds by electrical or wave energy.
208, Mineral Oils: Processes and Products,   subclass 1 for mineral oil products which have the properties of natural drying oils in that they dry or harden in contact with air and processes of preparing the same.
426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products,   subclass 417 for patents claiming or solely disclosing processes involving (1) the preparation or treatment of edible triglyceridic fats or oils; or (2) rendering processes to separate an edible triglyceridic fat or oil from a starting material; and subclass 530 for processes of treating butter or a butter substitute.
556, Organic Compounds,   subclasses 437 through 442for compounds wherein the carbonyls of a silicon containing polycarboxylic acid, salt, or ester are bonded directly to an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons.
558, Organic Compounds,   subclasses 230+ for compounds wherein the thiocarbonyl of a thiocarbonic or thiocarboxylicester is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons.
560, Organic Compounds,   subclass 44 , 54, 66, 76-99, 127, 146, 151, 171, 176, 180-182, and 190-204 for compounds wherein the carbonyls of a polycarboxylic acid ester are bonded directly to an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons.
562, Organic Compounds,   subclasses 26+ for compounds wherein the thiocarbonyl of a thiocarbonic or thiocarboxylic acid is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven carbons; subclasses 480-489, 509, 568, 571-573, 578, 582-585, and 590-596 for compounds wherein the carbonyls of a polycarboxylic acid or salt are bonded directly to an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons; subclass 838 for compounds wherein the thiocarbonyl of a thioacid halide is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons; subclasses 840+ for compounds wherein the carbonyl of a carboxylic acid halide is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons; subclass 886 for compounds wherein the thiocarbonyl of a thioanhydride is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons; subclasses 887+ for compounds wherein the carbonyl of a carboxylic acid anhydride is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons.
564, Organic Compounds,   subclass 78 for compounds wherein the thiocarbonyl of a thiocarboxamide is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons; subclasses 152-160 for compounds wherein the carbonyls of a polycarboxamide are bonded to an acyclic carbon of at least seven uninterrupted carbons; subclass 254 for compounds which are O-esters of oximes, wherein the ester forming group contains an acyclic chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons.
568, Organic Compounds,   subclasses 303+ and 700+ for compounds wherein the carboxyl group of a fatty acid is converted into an oxo or carbinol group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 2]    2With preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Products wherein the compound is mixed with a preserving or stabilizing agent which functions to prevent physical or chemical change.

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426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products,   appropriate subclasses, for preserved edible oils not from a single source.
508, Solid Antifriction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant and Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions,   particularly subclasses 110+ , for preserved lubricants or cutting oils.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 3]    3Oxygen containing hetero ring in preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Products wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains an oxygen containing hetero ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 4]    4Phosphorus containing preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Products wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains phosphorus.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 5]    5Nitrogen containing preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Products wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains nitrogen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 6]    6Sulfur containing preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Products wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 7]    7Phenolic preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Products wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains at least one benzene ring having at least one -OH group bonded directly thereto, wherein H of the -OH may be replaced by metal or substituted or unsubstituted ammonium.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 8]    8Extraction directly from animal or plant source material (e.g., recovery from garbage, fish offal, slaughter house waste, whole fish, olive fruit, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes which include the extraction of the fatty compound(s) directly from animal or plant source material.
(1) Note. Included herein are processes such as the recovery of fatty acid compounds from garbage, fish offal, slaughter house waste, whole fish, olive fruit,etc.

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175+,for processes directed to the purification of extracted fatty compounds.

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100, Presses,   for processes wherein a broadly claimed extraction step is followed by a significant expressing operation.
210, Liquid Purification or Separation,   subclasses 600+ for a process of purifying or separating water or a generically claimed liquid and for significant filtration or decantation treatments.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 9]    9Legume, nut, or seed source material (e.g., peanut, soya bean, rice bran, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes wherein the fatty compound is extracted from legumes, nuts, or seeds, such as soya beans, peanuts, flax seed, cotton seed, or portions thereof, e.g., shells, kernels, germs, oil cake, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 10]    10Fatty or sugar containing treating agent utilized (e.g., miscella, molasses, lecithin, cocoa butter used; heated cashew oil used to extract more oil from cashew nuts; using soap as emulsifier, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Processes wherein sugar or fatty material is utilized to facilitate extraction.
(1) Note. Included herein are processes utilizing (1) miscella, molasses, lecithin, cocoa butter, etc, to extract the fatty compound; (2) heated cashew oil to extract more oil from cashew nuts; (3) soap as an emulsifier, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 11]    11Carbon dioxide, peroxy, sulfur, nitrogen, or metal containing treating agent utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Processes wherein carbon dioxide or a peroxy-, sulfur-, nitrogen-, or metal-containing material is utilized facilitate extraction.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 12]    12Organic solvent extraction
 This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Processes wherein the legume, nut, or seed source material is subjected to the action of an organic solvent to dissolve out the fatty compound(s).

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15,or 17, for processes wherein water is utilized in a solvent extraction.
(1) Note. Oil is not miscible with water so in the subclasses wherein water or steam is added, the water or steam is utilized as a heating medium or to dissolve out nonoleaginous principles such as impurities.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 13]    13Halogen or oxygen in the solvent (e.g., carbon tetrachloride, ethanol, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 12.  Processes wherein the solvent contains halogen or oxygen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 14]    14Plural diverse solvents utilized together or sequentially (e.g., solvent is mixture of acetone and hexane, ethyl and isopropyl alcohols, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 13.  Processes wherein two or more different solvents are utilized simultaneously or in succession.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 15]    15Steam or water added
 This subclass is indented under subclass 12.  Processes wherein water or water vapor is utilized to facilitate extraction.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 16]    16Vacuum or pressure utilized (e.g., normally gaseous hydrocarbon solvent kept liquid under pressure, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 12.  Processes wherein the extraction is carried out under a pressure greater or less than atmospheric.
(1) Note. The pressure referred to in this subclass is fluid pressure and not mechanical.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 17]    17Steam or water added or vacuum utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Processes wherein water vapor, water, or a pressure less than atmospheric is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 18]    18Fish liver source material
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes wherein fish liver is employed as the source material.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 19]    19Sulfur, silicon, nitrogen, or metal containing treating agent utilized (e.g., salt or brine, clay, lime, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes wherein a material containing sulfur, silicon, nitrogen, or a metal is utilized to facilitate extraction.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 20]    20Organic solvent extraction
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes wherein the source material is subjected to the action of an organic solvent to dissolve out the fatty compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 21]    21Halogen or oxygen in the solvent (e.g., trichloroethylene, alcohol, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 20.  Processes wherein the solvent contains halogen or oxygen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 22]    22Vacuum utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes wherein a pressure less than atmospheric is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 23]    23Steam or water added (e.g., wet rendering, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes wherein water vapor or water is added to the source material to facilitate extraction.
(1) Note. This subclass includes processes which are directed to the melting out of the fatty compound from animal or vegetable matter by heat using steam or water.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 24]    24Chemical modification of oils to improve their drying properties and products thereof
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes which are directed to chemically treating fatty oils to impart drying or film-forming properties thereto, and the products produced by said treatment.
(1) Note. Drying oils are characterized by becoming hard and resinous in contact with the air (absorbing oxygen) and are especially useful in the manufacture of varnishes and coating compositions. Drying oils contain a great proportion of polyethylenically unsaturated acids, usually conjugated. This subclass includes processes of treating the commonly known drying or semi-drying oils, such as linseed oil (which may contain inhibitors for satisfactory drying), to improve their drying properties, and processes of treating nondrying oils, such as castor oil, to impart drying properties thereto.
(2) Note. Fatty compounds produced from drying oils, which compounds no longer retain drying properties, are classified where appropriate elsewhere.

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208, Mineral Oils: Processes and Products,   subclass 1 for mineral oil products which have the properties of natural drying oils and processes of preparing the same.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 25]    25Polymerization process and product thereof (e.g., thermal polymerization, oxidative polymerization, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Processes which are directed to polymerizing an oil, such as by heating or oxidizing, and the polymerized products resulting therefrom.
(1) Note. Included herein are synthetic drying products resulting from, for example, the interaction of unsaturated fatty acid oils and polyhydric alcohol polyesters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids.
(2) Note. The process of thermally polymerizing oils is commonly termed "bodying" of oils and the resulting products, "bodied oils", which describes oils whose mean molecular weight, specific gravity, and viscosity have been increased by the application of heat.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 26]    26Additional organic compound utilized (e.g., as catalyst, promoter, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Processes which include, in addition to the oil reactant, at least one other organic compound in the polymerization reaction, such as a catalyst, promoter, or reactant.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 27]    27The additional organic compound is an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer (e.g., butadiene, cyclopentadiene, styrene, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 26.  Processes wherein the additional organic compound is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing hydrogen and carbon only.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 28]    28Inorganic material utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Processes wherein an inorganic material is utilized in the polymerization reaction.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 29]    29Purification or recovery
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Processes which include separating the polymerized product from impurities or from the reaction mixture.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 30]    30Esterification or molecular rearrangement (e.g., intra- or inter-esterification, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Processes which include esterification or wherein a starting material is treated, such as by heat or with catalysts, to cause a rearrangement of elements.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 31]    31Dehydration or carbon to carbon unsaturation formation (e.g., dehydrating hydroxylated fatty acids or oils, forming conjugated unsaturation by dehydrogenation, dehalogenation, dehydrohalogenation, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Processes which are directed to dehydrating a starting material or forming carbon to carbon unsaturation in a starting material to impart drying properties thereto.
(1) Note. Provided for herein are processes directed to (1) the removal of water from compounds such as hydroxylated fatty acids or oils, or (2) the formation of conjugated unsaturation by dehydrogenation or dehalohydrogenation, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 32]    32Heavy metal containing compound utilized (e.g., as catalyst, promoter, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 31.  Processes wherein a compound containing a metal having a specific gravity greater than four is utilized, e.g., as reactant, catalyst, promoter, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 33]    33Sulfur containing compound utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 31.  Processes wherein a compound containing sulfur is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 34]    34Group IA or IIA light metal containing compound utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 31.  Processes wherein a compound containing a Group IA or Group IIA light metal is utilized.
(1) Note. The Group IA light metals are lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), and cesium (Cs). The Group IIA light metals are beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba).
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 35]    35The carbonyl is part of a carboxamide group (i.e., fatty acid amides)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which are fatty acid amides, i.e., compounds having an acyclic chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons bonded directly to the carbonyl of a -C(=O)- NH(H) group, wherein the hydrogens may be substituted.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 35

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564, Organic Compounds,   subclasses 152+ for compounds having plural carboxamide groups bonded through their carbonyls to each end of an acyclic carbon chain of any length.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 36]    36Additional carbonyl in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds wherein an additional carbonyl is in the acid moiety.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 37]    37Noncarbon atom bonded directly to the additional carbonyl
 This subclass is indented under subclass 36.  Compounds wherein an atom other carbon is bonded directly to the additional carbonyl.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 38]    38Heavy metal or aluminum containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain aluminum or a metal having a specific gravity greater than four.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 39]    39Boron, silicon, selenium, or tellurium containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain boron, silicon, selenium, or tellurium.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 40]    40Phosphorus containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain phosphorus.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 41]    41Additional nitrogen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 40.  Compounds which contain nitrogen in addition to the carboxamide nitrogen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 42]    42Sulfur containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 43]    43The sulfur is bonded directly to the carboxamide nitrogen or to an additional nitrogen (e.g., sulfonamide, sulfamic acid, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 42.  Compounds wherein sulfur is bonded directly to the carboxamide nitrogen or to an additional nitrogen.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 44]    44Sulfoxy containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 42.  Compounds which contain oxygen bonded directly to sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 45]    45Ring bonded directly to the sulfoxy
 This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Compounds wherein the sulfoxy group is bonded directly to a ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 46]    46Additional nitrogen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Compounds which contain nitrogen in addition to the carboxamide nitrogen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 47]    47Containing -C(=O)O- group (e.g., carboxylic acid, ester, salt, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 46.  Compounds which contain a -O- group.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 48]    48Additional carboxamide containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 46.  Compounds which contain two or more carboxamide groups.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 49]    49The carboxamide nitrogen and a -S(=O)(=O)-O-X group attached to each other by an acyclic chain which consists of carbons, wherein X is hydrogen or a metal (e.g., taurides, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Compounds wherein the carboxamide nitrogen and a -S(=O)(=O)-O-X group are attached to each other through an acyclic carbon chain, where X is hydrogen or a metal.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 50]    50Sulfoxy in acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Compounds which contain sulfur bonded directly to oxygen in the acid moiety of the carboxamide.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 51]    51Additional nitrogen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain plural nitrogens, i.e., nitrogen in addition to the carboxamide nitrogen.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 52]    52Quaternary ammonium containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.  Compounds wherein the additional nitrogen is in a quaternary ammonium group; i.e., a pentavalent nitrogen is bonded by four valences to carbon.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 53]    53Amidino or guanidino containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.  Compounds which contain the -NH2 or -NH-NH2 group, wherein substitution may be made for hydrogen only.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 54]    54Cyano or hydrazino containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.  Compounds which contain a -CN group or a -NH-NH2 group, wherein substitution may be made for hydrogen only.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 55]    55Halogen or additional oxygen containing (e.g., isocyanate containing, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.  Compounds which contain halogen or plural oxygens, i.e., oxygen in addition to the carboxamide oxygen.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 56]    56Additional carboxamide group containing (e.g., carbamates, ureas, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 55.  Compounds which contain at least two carboxamide groups.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 57]    57Plural additional carboxamide groups containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 56.  Compounds which contain three or more carboxamide group.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 58]    58Additional nitrogen or -C(=O)O- group containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 56.  Compounds which contain a -O- group or nitrogen in addition to those in the two carboxamide groups.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 59]    59Containing -C(=O)O- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 55.  Compounds wherein the additional oxygen is in a O- group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 60]    60Nitro containing or plural oxyalkylene groups bonded directly to each other
 This subclass is indented under subclass 55.  Compounds wherein the additional oxygen is in a nitro group or in a group composed of two or more oxyalkylene groups bonded directly to each other.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 61]    61Additional oxygen containing (e.g., amides of ricinoleic acid, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain plural oxygens, i.e., oxygen in addition to the carboxamide oxygen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 62]    62Halogen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 61.  Compounds which contain halogen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 63]    63Containing -C(=O)O- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 61.  Compounds which contain a -O- group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 64]    64Plural oxyalkylene groups bonded directly to each other
 This subclass is indented under subclass 61.  Compounds which contain two or more oxyalkylene groups; i.e., -O-Alkyl-, bonded directly to each other.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 65]    65Oxygen bonded directly to a ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 61.  Compounds wherein the oxygen is bonded directly to a ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 66]    66Hydroxyalkyl substituent on the amido nitrogen
 This subclass is indented under subclass 61.  Compounds which contain an hydroxyalkyl group bonded directly to the carboxamide nitrogen through a carbon of the group.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 67]    67Halogen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain halogen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 68]    68Processes
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Processes which are directed to the preparation, recovery, or treatment of a fatty acid amide.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 69]    69Amidation
 This subclass is indented under subclass 68.  Processes which are directed to the formation of the carboxamide group; e.g., by reacting a fatty acid, salt, ester, acid halide, or anhydride with ammonia or an amino nitrogen containing compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 70]    70Purification or recovery
 This subclass is indented under subclass 68.  Processes which are directed to separating the fatty acid amide from impurities or from the reaction mixture.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 71]    71Heavy metal containing (e.g., As, Cr, Mn, Sb, V, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain a metal having a specific gravity greater than four.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 72]    72Titanium, zirconium, or cerium containing (Ti, Zr, or Ce)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 71.  Compound wherein the heavy metal is titanium, zirconium, or cerium.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 73]    73Lead or tin containing (Pb or Sn)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 71.  Compounds wherein the heavy metal is lead or tin.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 74]    74Iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, or gold containing (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, or Au)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 71.  Compounds wherein the heavy metal is iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, or gold.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 75]    75Zinc, cadmium, or mercury containing (Zn, Cd, or Hg)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 71.  Compounds wherein the heavy metal is zinc, cadmium, or mercury.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 76]    76Aluminum containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain aluminum.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 77]    77Boron, selenium, or silicon containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain boron, selenium, or silicon.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 78]    78Phosphorus containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain phosphorus.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 79]    79Glycerophosphates (e.g., phosphatidic acids, phosphatidyl inositol, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 78.  Compounds which are phosphoric acid glycerol esters containing a fatty acid moiety.
(1) Note. Glycerophosphates are complex lipids which on hydrolysis yield glycerol, fatty acid, and phosphoric acid or an inorganic phosphate.
(2) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 80]    80Nitrogen containing (e.g., cephalins, lecithins, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 79.  Compounds which contain nitrogen.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 81]    81Halogen or sulfur containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 80.  Compounds which contain halogen or sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 82]    82Processes of forming the compound
 This subclass is indented under subclass 80.  Processes which are directed to the preparation of nitrogen containing glycerophosphates.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 83]    83Purification on recovery
 This subclass is indented under subclass 80.  Processes which include separating the compound from impurities or the reaction mixture.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 84]    84Nitrogen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 78.  Compounds which contain nitrogen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 85]    85Sulfur containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 86]    86Processes utilizing sulfur chloride
 This subclass is indented under subclass 85.  Processes wherein the sulfur containing compound is treated with or prepared in a reaction utilizing sulfur chloride.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 87]    87Processes utilizing elemental sulfur
 This subclass is indented under subclass 85.  Processes wherein the sulfur containing compound is treated with or prepared in a reaction utilizing elemental sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 88]    88Sulfoxy containing (e.g., sulfones, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 85.  Compounds which contain oxygen bonded directly to sulfur.
(1) Note. Included herein are sulfonated or sulfated oils.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 89]    89Twitchell or Pfeilring reagent (i.e., product of sulfonation of fatty material in the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon or phenol)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 88.  Compounds which are sulfo-aromatic fatty acids prepared by the action of sulfuric acid on an aromatic hydrocarbon such as naphthalene, and a fatty compound, such as castor oil or oleic acid.
(1) Note. Twitchell reagent and Pfeilring reagent are fat hydrolysis catalysts.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 90]    90The sulfoxy is in the alcohol moiety (e.g., sulfate esters of fatty acid monoglycerides, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 88.  Compounds wherein the sulfoxy is in the alcohol moiety.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 90

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 91]    91Nitrogen bonded directly to carbon in the alcohol moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 90.  Compounds which contain nitrogen bonded directly to carbon in the alcohol moiety.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 92]    92Having -S(=O)(=O)-O-X attached indirectly to the single bonded oxygen of the carboxyl group by a single carbon or a chain consisting of carbons, which chain or carbon may include a ring, wherein X is hydrogen or a cation (e.g., isethionates, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 90.  Compounds wherein-S(=O)(=O)-O-X is attached indirectly through a single carbon or carbon chain to the single bonded oxygen of the -O- group, wherein X is hydrogen or a cation.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 92

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 93]    93Purification or recovery
 This subclass is indented under subclass 90.  Processes which include separating the compound from impurities or from the reaction mixture.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 94]    94Nitrogen containing (e.g., sulfonamide containing, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 88.  Compounds which contain nitrogen.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 94

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 95]    95Carbocyclic ring in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 88.  Compounds which contain a carbocyclic ring in the acid moiety.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 95

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 96]    96Carbon bonded directly to -S(=O)(=O)OH or to -O-S(=O)(=O)OH, wherein H may be replaced by a cation or by an ester forming group (e.g., sulfonic acid sulfate monoester, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 88.  Compounds which contain a sulfonic acid or a sulfate monoester substituent, or a salt or ester of the substituent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 97]    97Metal salt
 This subclass is indented under subclass 96.  Compounds which are metal salts.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 97

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 98]    98Processes utilizing anhydrous sulfur trioxide (e.g., in gaseous form, in sulfur dioxide solution, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 96.  Processes which are directed to preparing the compound by reacting anhydrous sulfur trioxide.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 99]    99Processes of sulfonating in the presence of lower carboxylic acid, anhydride, acid halide, or phosphorus containing material
 This subclass is indented under subclass 96.  Processes wherein the compound is prepared by a sulfonation reaction which is carried out in the presence of (1) a lower carboxylic acid (i.e., the uninterrupted carbon chain in the acid moiety contains fewer than seven carbons), (2) an anhydride thereof, (3) an acid halide thereof, or (4) a phosphorus containing material.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 100]    100Purification or recovery
 This subclass is indented under subclass 96.  Processes which are directed to separating the compound from impurities or from the reaction mixture.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 101]    101Thioether, thiol, or mercaptide containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 85.  Compounds which contain -S- Carbon, -SH or -SM where M is a metal.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 102]    102Plural sulfurs containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 101.  Compounds which contain two or more sulfur atoms.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 103]    103Nitrogen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain nitrogen.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

184+,for the purification of fatty compounds wherein a nitrogen containing compound is utilized.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

558, Organic Compounds,   subclasses 303+ for higher fatty acid nitriles.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 104]    104Plural nitrogens containing (e.g., guanidine, hydrazine, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Compounds which contain two or more nitrogen atoms.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 104

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 105]    105Additional oxygen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 104.  Compounds which contain oxygen in addition to the oxygens of the -C(=O)O- group.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 105

Image 2 for class 554 subclass 105

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 106]    106The additional oxygen is in a carboxamide, carbamate, or urea group (e.g., chloramphenicol palmitate, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 105.  Compounds wherein the additional oxygen is in a carboxamide group.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 106

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 107]    107The additional oxygen is in a -C(=O)O- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 105.  Compounds wherein the additional oxygen is in a C(=O)O- group.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 107

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 108]    108Additional oxygen containing (e.g., hydroxy, ether, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Compounds which contain oxygen in addition to the oxygens of the -C(=O)O- group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 109]    109Plural additional oxygens containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 108.  Compounds which contain two or more oxygens in addition to the oxygens of the -C(=O)O- group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 110]    110The additional oxygens are in a -C(=O)O- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 109.  Compounds wherein the additional oxygens are in a -C(=O)O- group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 111]    111Nitro or carboxamide containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 109.  Compounds which contain a -N(=O)(=O) or -C(=O)-- group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 112]    112Carboxamide, cyano, or isocyanate containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 108.  Compounds which contain a -C(=O)--, -CN or -N=C=O group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 113]    113Cyano containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Compounds which contain a -CN group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 114]    114Processes
 This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Processes which are directed to the preparation, recovery or treatment of a nitrogen containing fatty compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 115]    115Additional carbonyl in the acid moiety (e.g., oiticica oil, licanic acid, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain, in addition to the carbonyl of the -C(=O)O- group, a carbonyl group, i.e., -C(=O)-, in the acid moiety.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 115

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 116]    116Benzene ring in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 115.  Compounds which contain a benzene ring in the acid moiety.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 116

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 117]    117Alicyclic ring in the acid moiety (e.g., prostaglandin analogs, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 115.  Compounds which contain an alicyclic ring in the acid moiety.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 117

Image 2 for class 554 subclass 117

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 118]    118Oxygen double bonded directly to the ring (i.e., the carbon of the additional carbonyl is part of the ring; e.g., homo prostaglandins, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 117.  Compounds wherein the carbon of the additional carbonyl is a ring carbon.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 118

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 119]    119Additional oxygen bonded directly to the ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 118.  Compounds which contain an additional oxygen bonded directly to the ring.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 119

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 120]    120Hydrogen bonded directly to the additional carbonyl (i.e., aldehyde containing)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 115.  Compounds wherein hydrogen is bonded directly to the additional carbonyl, i.e., aldehyde containing.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 121]    121The additional carbonyl is in a -C(=O)O- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 115.  Compounds wherein the additional carbonyl is in a -C(=O)O- group.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 121

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 122]    122Plural additional carbonyls in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 121.  Compounds which contain, in addition to the carbonyl of the -C(=O)O- group, two or more carbonyls in the acid moiety, at least one of which is in a -C(=O)O- group.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 122

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 123]    123Halogen or plural additional carbonyls in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 115.  Compounds which contain halogen or at least two additional carbonyls in the acid moiety.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 124]    124Processes of forming the compound
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes which are directed to the chemical preparation of a fatty compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 125]    125Geometric isomer formation (e.g., cis-trans, syn-anti, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes wherein an optically inactive fatty compound with a double bond is treated to effect a spatial rearrangement of the atoms therein, such as converting elaidic acid (trans -9- octadecenoic acid) to oleic acid (cis -9- octadecenoic acid).
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 126]    126Double bond shift (e.g., conjugation, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes wherein a fatty compound containing ethylenic unsaturation is treated to cause a double bond to shift to another position.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 127]    127Forming carbon to carbon unsaturation (i.e., forming a double or triple bond)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes which are directed to forming a double or triple bond in a compound, such as by dehydration.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 128]    128Carbonylation, carbonation, or hydroformylation
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes wherein the fatty compound is prepared by reacting an organic compound (usually an unsaturated hydrocarbon) with (1) carbon monoxide, (2) carbon dioxide, or (3) a carbon oxide and hydrogen or water.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 129]    129Phosphorus or sulfur containing material utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 128.  Processes utilizing a phosphorus or sulfur containing material, e.g., as a catalyst or promoter.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 130]    130Halogen containing material utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 128.  Processes utilizing a halogen containing material.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 131]    131Group VIII metal containing material utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 128.  Processes utilizing a Group VIII metal containing material.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 132]    132Oxidation
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes wherein the fatty compound is prepared by oxidation.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 133]    133Ozone utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 132.  Process utilizing ozone.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 134]    134Molecular oxygen utilized as oxidizing agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 132.  Processes wherein molecular oxygen is utilized as the oxidizing agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 135]    135Heavy metal containing catalyst utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.  Processes wherein a catalyst containing a metal having a specific gravity greater than four (4) is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 136]    136Cobalt containing catalyst
 This subclass is indented under subclass 135.  Processes wherein the heavy metal is cobalt.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 137]    137Manganese containing catalyst
 This subclass is indented under subclass 135.  Processes wherein the heavy metal is manganese.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 138]    138Peroxy containing material utilized as oxidizing agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 132.  Processes utilizing a peroxy containing material as the oxidizing agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 139]    139Nitric acid utilized as oxidizing agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 132.  Processes utilizing nitric acid as the oxidizing agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 140]    140Chromium containing compound utilized as oxidizing agent (e.g., chromic acid, chromosulfuric acid, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 132.  Processes utilizing a chromium containing compound as the oxidizing agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 141]    141Catalytic hydrogenation
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes wherein the fatty compound is prepared by the addition of hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.
(1) Note. Included herein are processes utilizing sodium borohydride, nascent hydrogen, etc., as a reducing agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 142]    142Including esterification or inter-esterification (e.g., prior to, simultaneously with, or after hydrogenation, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 141.  Processes which include esterification or molecular rearrangement before, during or after hydrogenation.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 143]    143Conversion of a functional group in the course of hydrogenation (e.g., hydrogenolysis, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 141.  Processes wherein conversion of a functional group occurs during the course of hydrogenation (addition of hydrogen).
(1) Note. Some examples of hydrogenolysis are conversion of an oxo carbonyl group to hydroxy; of a hydroxy group to hydrogen, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 144]    144Plural hydrogenation steps or continuous hydrogenation process
 This subclass is indented under subclass 141.  Processes which include two or more hydrogenation steps or a continuous hydrogenation process.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 145]    145Selective hydrogenation (e.g., of polyunsaturated to monounsaturated, of acetylenic to ethylenic compound, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 141.  Processes wherein reaction conditions are selected and controlled to produce a high percentage of desired products.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 146]    146Plural heavy metal containing materials utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 141.  Processes wherein two or more materials containing a metal having a specific gravity greater than four (4) are utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 147]    147Additional treating agent utilized (e.g., as catalyst carrier or promoter, oil deodorizer, oil solvent, pretreatment agent, oil filtering aid, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 141.  Processes utilizing an additional treating agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 148]    148Oxygen containing hetero ring reactant (e.g., succinic anhydride, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes directed to preparing the fatty compound from a reactant which contains an oxygen containing heterocyclic ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 149]    149Oxirane containing reactant
 This subclass is indented under subclass 148.  Processes wherein the oxygen containing heterocyclic ring is oxirane, i.e., ethylene oxide.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 150]    150Organic halogen containing reactant
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes wherein the fatty compound is prepared by reacting an organic halogen containing compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 151]    151The reactant contains carbonyl bonded directly to the halogen
 This subclass is indented under subclass 150.  Processes wherein the organic halogen containing reactant has a -C(=O)- group bonded directly to the halogen ( i.e., carboxylic acid halide).
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 152]    152Another reactant is a carboxylic acid salt
 This subclass is indented under subclass 150.  Processes which include utilizing a carboxylic acid salt reactant, in addition to the organic halogen containing compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 153]    153Metal containing material utilized (e.g., Grignard reagent, Friedel Crafts catalyst, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 150.  Processes wherein a metal containing material is utilized; this metal may be a part of or in addition to the organic halogen containing reactant.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 154]    154Nitrogen, phosphorus, or sulfur containing reactant
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes wherein the fatty compound is prepared by reacting a nitrogen, phosphorus or sulfur containing material.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 155]    155Inorganic sulfur containing reactant (e.g., utilizing sulfuric acid to decompose soap, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 154.  Processes wherein an inorganic sulfur containing material is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 156]    156Group IA or IIA metal containing reactant (e.g., forming a soap from fat and alkali, i.e., saponification, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes wherein the fatty compound is prepared by reacting a Group IA or Group IIA light metal containing material.
(1) Note. The Group IA and IIA light metals are Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

195+,for the purification of a fatty compound by treating with a Group IA or Group IIA light metal containing compound.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

252, Compositions,   subclass 367.1 for processes of making soap from mixtures of fats from different sources.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 157]    157Organic material, in addition to a fatty material, utilized or plural diverse fatty materials utilized (e.g., as solvent, reaction promoter, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 156.  Processes wherein at least two different fatty materials are utilized or a fatty material and an additional organic material are utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 158]    158Inorganic boron, halogen, phosphorus, silicon, sulfur, elemental metal, or additional metal containing compound utilized (e.g., utilizing inorganic agent for "salting out", bleaching, purifying, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 156.  Processes which include utilizing (1) elemental metal, (2) an inorganic boron, halogen, phosphorus, silicon, or sulfur containing compound, or (3) an additional metal containing compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 159]    159Inorganic halogen containing reactant
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes wherein the fatty compound is prepared by reacting an inorganic halogen containing compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 160]    160Hydrolyzing fatty material with water only
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes wherein a fatty acid compound is produced by the reaction of water with a fatty material (fat splitting).
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 161]    161Reactant contains -C(=O)O- group (e.g., carboxylic acid, salt, anhydride, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Processes wherein the fatty compound is prepared from a reactant which contains a -C(=O)O- group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 162]    162Bonding a hydrocarbyl group to the -C(=O)O- containing reactant
 This subclass is indented under subclass 161.  Processes wherein a moiety containing carbon and hydrogen only is bonded to the -C(=O)O- containing reactant.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 163]    163The -C(=O)O- is part of an ester group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 161.  Processes wherein the single bonded oxygen of the -C(=O)O- group is bonded directly to an additional carbon, which carbon may be single bonded to any atom but may be multiple bonded only to carbon (i.e., a carboxylic acid ester).
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 164]    164Another reactant is a carboxylic acid anhydride (i.e., contains -C(=O)-O-C(=O)-)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 163.  Processes which include a carboxylic acid anhydride as an additional reactant, i.e., reactant containing a -C(=O)-O-C(=O)- group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 165]    165Another reactant is a carboxylic acid
 This subclass is indented under subclass 163.  Processes which include as an additional reactant a carboxylic acid; i.e., reactant containing a -C(=O)-OH group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 166]    166Polycarboxylic or hydroxy acid (i.e., containing additional -C(=O)OH or an -OH group)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 165.  Processes wherein the carboxylic acid reactant contains plural-C(=O)OH groups or has an -OH group in the acid moiety.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 167]    167Another reactant contains alcoholic or phenolic hydroxy (e.g., methy ricinoleate, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 163.  Processes which include a reactant containing an -OH group bonded directly to carbon, which carbon may be single bonded to any atom but may be multiple bonded only to carbon (e.g., an alcohol, phenol, etc.).
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 168]    168Plural alcoholic or phenolic hydroxys (e.g., glycerol, castor oil, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 167.  Processes wherein the reactant contains two or more of the hydroxy groups.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 169]    169Molecular rearrangement of the acid moieties of glyceride esters (e.g., random or directed low temperature intra- or inter-esterification of fats, oils, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 163.  Processes wherein glycerol esters, i.e., glycerides, are treated, (e.g., by heat, with catalyst, etc.) to cause the rearrangement of the -C(=O)O- groups, resulting in a different ester or mixture of esters.
(1) Note. Glycerides, or glycerol esters, are depicted thusly, as illustrated, below, wherein R= the same or different fatty acid radical.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 170]    170Another reactant contains alcoholic or phenolic hydroxy
 This subclass is indented under subclass 161.  Processes which include an additional reactant, which reactant contains an -OH group bonded directly to carbon, which carbon may be single bonded to any atom but may be multiple bonded only to carbon (e.g., an alcohol, phenol, etc.).
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 171]    171Ring in the hydroxy containing reactant
 This subclass is indented under subclass 170.  Processes wherein the alcohol reactant contains a ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 172]    172Plural hydroxys in the hydroxy containing reactant
 This subclass is indented under subclass 170.  Processes wherein the alcohol reactant is a polyhydric alcohol, i.e., contains plural -OH groups.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 173]    173Glycerol
 This subclass is indented under subclass 172.  Processes wherein the polyhydric alcohol is glycerol; i.e.,
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 174]    174Esterification of fatty material to reduce the amount of free fatty acid or to facilitate separation of constituents
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes wherein the hydrogen of a -C(=O)OH group of a free fatty acid is replaced by a carbon atom, which carbon may be single bonded to any atom but multiple bonded only to carbon, to reduce the free fatty acid content of the fatty compound source material or to facilitate separation of the constituents of the mixture.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 175]    175Purification, recovery, deodorizing, decolorizing or color stabilizing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes which are directed to the purification, recovery, deodorization, decolorization, or color stabilization of fatty compounds.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 176]    176Metal containing contaminant removal (e.g., of colloidal elemental metal catalyst, of metal ions, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes wherein a fatty compound is treated to remove a metal or metal compound therefrom.
(1) Note. This subclass contains patents wherein the claims specify the removal of a metal or a metal compound, as well as patents with broad claims wherein the disclosure is limited to the removal of a metal or a metal compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 177]    177Recovering from industrial waste materials (e.g., foots, textile treating liquors, spent sorbents, filter cake, sewage, sludge, soapstock, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes wherein waste materials, such as foots, textile treating liquors, spent absorbents, filter cake, sewage, sludge, soapstock, or other industrial wastes are utilized as the source material.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

8,for the extraction of fatty compounds from garbage, fish offal, or slaughter-houses wastes.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

502, Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor: Product or Process of Making,   subclasses 20+ for processes directed to the recovery of spent sorbents.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 178]    178Metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate treating agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 177.  Processes wherein a metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate is utilized as a treating agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 179]    179Organic or inorganic acid or anhydride treating agent (e.g., carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 177.  Processes which include utilizing an organic or inorganic acid or anhydride as a treating agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 180]    180Hydrocarbon or halohydrocarbon treating agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 177.  Processes wherein a hydrocarbon or a halohydrocarbon is utilized as a treating agent.
(1) Note. A hydrocarbon is composed solely of carbon and hydrogen, and a halohydrocarbon of carbon, hydrogen and halogen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 181]    181Oxidation of impurities
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes wherein impurities are oxidized from a mixture containing fatty compounds.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 182]    182Peroxy containing treating agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 181.  Processes wherein a peroxy containing treating agent is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 183]    183Air, gaseous oxygen, or halogen containing treating agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 181.  Processes wherein air, gaseous oxygen or a halogen containing compound is utilized as a treating agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 184]    184Nitrogen containing compound treating agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes wherein a nitrogen containing compound is utilized as a treating agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 185]    185The treating agent is organic
 This subclass is indented under subclass 184.  Processes wherein an organic nitrogen containing treating agent is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 186]    186Urea or nitro group containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 185.  Processes wherein the organic nitrogen containing treating agent contains a urea (i.e., --) or nitro (i.e., -NO2) group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 187]    187Sulfur containing treating agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes wherein a sulfur containing treating agent is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 188]    188Sulfuric or sulfurous acid treating agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 187.  Processes wherein the sulfur containing treating agent is sulfuric acid (i.e., H2SO4) or sulfurous acid (i.e., H2SO3).
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 189]    189The treating agent is inorganic
 This subclass is indented under subclass 187.  Processes wherein an inorganic sulfur containing treating agent is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 190]    190Boron or phosphorus containing treating agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes wherein a boron or phosphorus containing treating agent is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 191]    191Sorbent material utilized (e.g., activated carbon, decolorizing clay, bentonite, synthetic resin, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes wherein a sorbent material, such as activated carbon, clay, or synthetic resin, is utilized.
(1) Note. Included herein are processes wherein a mixture containing fatty compound(s) is treated with the sorbent to absorb fatty compound(s) or to absorb certain other fractions therefrom.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 192]    192And utilizing Group IA or IIA metal oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate treating agent (e.g., saponification, neutralization, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 191.  Processes wherein, in addition to the sorbent material, a Group IA or IIA metal oxide, hydroxide or carbonate is utilized as a treating agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 193]    193Removal of fatty material from the sorbent or solvent utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 191.  Processes in which a solvent is utilized or whereby a fatty compound is separated from the sorbent material.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 194]    194Heavy metal or aluminum containing treating agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes utilizing a treating agent containing a metal having a specific gravity greater than four or aluminum.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 195]    195Group IA or IIA light metal containing treating agent (i.e., Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) [e.g., carbonates, etc.]
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes wherein the treating agent contains a Group IA or Group IIA light metal.
(1) Note. The Group IA light metals are Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and the Group IIA light metals are Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 196]    196Silicon containing treating agent (e.g., sodium silicate, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 195.  Processes which include utilizing a silicon containing treating agent.
(1) Note. The silicon containing agent may be in addition to the Group IA or IIA metal containing agent or the silicon and Group IA or IIA metal may be in the same agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 197]    197Inorganic halogen containing treating agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 195.  Processes which include an inorganic halogen containing treating agent; the halogen may be in the same compound as the Group IA or IIA metal or the halogen containing compound may be an additional treating agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 198]    198Organic treating agent added to or included with fatty material
 This subclass is indented under subclass 195.  Processes wherein the fatty compound source material is a mixture including another specified organic treating agent, or wherein an organic treating agent is added to the source material.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 199]    199The organic treating agent contains oxygen
 This subclass is indented under subclass 198.  Processes wherein the specified or added organic treating agent contains oxygen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 200]    200The treating agent is a carboxylic acid, anhydride, or salt thereof
 This subclass is indented under subclass 199.  Processes wherein the organic oxygen containing treating agent is a carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or carboxylic acid salt.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 201]    201Water or steam added
 This subclass is indented under subclass 195.  Processes wherein added water or steam (water vapor) is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 202]    202The treating agent is a metal oxide or hydroxide (e.g., lye, lime, caustic alkali, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 195.  Processes wherein a metal oxide or hydroxide is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 203]    203Centrifugal separation
 This subclass is indented under subclass 202.  Processes which include separation by centrifugation, i.e., fast rotation.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 204]    204Carboxylic acid, anhydride, or acid halide treating agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes wherein a carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride, or carboxylic acid halide is utilized as a treating agent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 205]    205Gas or vapor treating agent (e.g., steam, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon vapors, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes which include utilizing a gaseous or vaporous material to purify, recover, deodorize, decolor, or to stabilize the color of, the fatty compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 206]    206Organic solvent utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes wherein an organic compound is utilized as solvent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 207]    207Water utilized (e.g., solvent-solvent extraction, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 206.  Processes wherein water is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 208]    208With crystallization or precipitation (e.g., separation according to degree of saturation, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 206.  Processes which involve (1) the change in solution from a dissolved, molten, liquid or gaseous state to a solid state of definite, ordered and characteristic shape (crystallization) or (2) the formation of solid particles in a solution with settling out (precipitation).
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 209]    209Halogen containing or hydrocarbon solvent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 208.  Processes wherein a halogen containing compound or material or a hydrocarbon is utilized as a solvent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 210]    210Halogen containing or hydrocarbon solvent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 206.  Processes wherein a halogen containing compound or material or a hydrocarbon is utilized as a solvent.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 211]    211Crystallization or precipitation (e.g., separation according to degree of saturation, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes which involve (1) the change in solution from a dissolved, molten, liquid or gaseous state to a solid state of definite, ordered and characteristic shape (crystallization) or (2) the formation of solid particles in a solution with settling out (precipitation).
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 212]    212Organic treating agent
 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.  Processes wherein an organic material is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 213]    213Additional oxygen in the acid moiety (e.g., hydroxystearic acid, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein the acid moiety contains oxygen in addition to those of the carboxylic acid, salt or ester group.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 214]    214Alicyclic ring in the acid moiety (e.g., prostaglandin analog, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 213.  Compounds which contain an alicyclic ring in the acid moiety.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 215]    215Benzene ring in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 214.  Compounds which contain a benzene ring in the acid moiety.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 216]    216Plural oxygens bonded directly to the alicyclic ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 215.  Compounds wherein two or more oxygens are bonded directly to the alicyclic ring.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 217]    217Plural oxygens bonded directly to the ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 214.  Compounds wherein two or more oxygens are bonded directly to the alicyclic ring.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 218]    218Benzene ring in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 213.  Compounds which contain a benzene ring in the acid moiety.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 219]    219Acyclic carbon-to-carbon unsaturation in the acid moiety (e.g., ricinoleic acid, castor oil, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 213.  Compounds wherein the acid moiety contains an acyclic ethylenic double bond, or an acetylenic triple bond.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 220]    220Benzene ring in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein the acid moiety contains a benzene ring.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 221]    221Alicyclic ring in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein the acid radical contains an alicyclic ring.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 222]    222The alicyclic ring is five-membered
 This subclass is indented under subclass 221.  Compounds wherein the alicyclic ring is a five-membered ring.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 223]    223Acyclic carbon-to-carbon unsaturation in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein the acid moiety contains an acyclic ethylenic double bond or an acetylenic triple bond.
(1) Note. Products referred to as being unsaturated with no specificity regarding the degree of unsaturation are included in this subclass, as well as "named" products commonly known to possess unsaturation. Also included herein are products which consist of mixtures of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and/or esters, unless a constituent of the mixture is provided for in a higher subclass, or a claim is directed to a specific constituent provided for elsewhere.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 224]    224Plural carbon-to-carbon unsaturation in the acid moiety (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 223.  Compounds which contain two or more unsaturated linkages, which may be ethylenic double bonds, acetylenic triple bonds or a combination of double and triple bonds.

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24+,for products referred to as modified or synthetic drying oils or bodied oils which products may contain acyclic polyunsaturation in an acid moiety.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 225]    225Halogen in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain halogen in the acid moiety.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 226]    226Plural halogens in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 225.  Compounds which contain two or more halogens in the acid moiety.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 227]    227Plural oxy groups in the alcohol moiety (e.g., triglycerides, ethylene glycol monostearate, 2-methoxy ethyl laurate, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein, in a fatty acid ester, the alcohol moiety contains, in addition to the esterified hydroxy group, another hydroxy group, wherein the hydrogen of the additional hydroxy group may be substituted by acyl, an alcoholate-forming group or a hydrocarbon radical.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 228]    228Ring in the alcohol moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 227.  Compounds wherein the polyoxy alcohol moiety also contains a carbocyclic ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 229]    229Ring in the alcohol moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein the alcohol moiety contains a carbocyclic ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 230]    230Acyclic carbon-to-carbon unsaturation in the alcohol moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein the alcohol moiety is acyclic and contains an ethylenic double bond or an acetylenic triple bond.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 231]    231Halogen in the alcohol moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain halogen in the alcohol moiety.
  
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