SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION
This class relates only to gas for heating and illuminating
purposes and includes apparatus, processes, and compositions for
the manufacture of such gas and means for the purification, distribution,
and storage thereof.
| | (1)
Note. Every plant for producing gas from the combustion of
fuel necessitates the use of a furnace of some sort, and where the invention
alleged includes more than the furnace and extends into apparatus
for treating the gases or modifications of the furnace, adapting
it to treat them, the application belongs in Class 48, whether the
furnace, per se, be a limekiln or a smelting-furnace. In either
case the furnace is merely an element of the plant and if divided
out may be sent to its proper class. |
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
This class does not include the manufacture of gas--such as,
for example, oxygen, ozone, nitrous oxide, carbonic-acid gas, and
chemical gases in general. These are not heating or illuminating
gases. Gases consisting of a single "pure" carbon
compound and a process for synthesizing such a compound where the
intent is to recover the compound, per se, are in Class 260, Chemistry
of Carbon Compounds, its daughter Classes 530-570, or Class 585,
Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds.
This class does not include charging and discharging devices
for retorts, nor does it include charging devices for cupola-generators,
such as the well-known bell-and-hopper type. For these two classes
of inventions see Class 202, Distillation: Apparatus, and Class
266, Metallurigical Apparatus, respectively, and Class 414, Material
or Article Handling, subclasses 147+.
This class does not provide for the destruction of gaseous
hazardous or toxic waste. See Class 423, Chemistry of Inorganic
Compounds, subclasses 210-215.5 for the chemical destruction of
gaseous hazardous or toxic waste. Note that subclasses 245.1-245.3
provide for an organic component.
SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 44, | Fuel and Related Compositions, appropriate subclasses for a solid or liquid fuel
composition or a method for making or purifying such composition
which may incidentally produce a burnable gas. |
| 123, | Internal-Combustion Engines, appropriate subclasses for devices for the purpose
set forth above that are claimed in combination with an internal
combustion engine or with any element thereof. This is not intended
to apply to claims which, while in the form of a combination, state
merely the intended use of the device--as, for example, "The
combination, with an internal-combustion engine, of" followed
by words defining the structure of a mixture-producing device not
itself classified in internal-combustion engines.
- Devices for producing an explosive mixture from a liquid
hydro-carbon and air or for producing the combustible constituent
for such an explosive mixture, in which the operation of the mixture-producing
device does not necessarily depend upon the suction produced by
an internal-combustion engine, which mixture-producing device is
capable of operation independent of the engine and if continued
in operation would continue to produce an explosive mixture whether
or not the engine continued to operate, go in appropriate subclasses
in this class (48), notwithstanding the fact that the device may
be actually designed for the purpose of supplying an internal-combustion engine
with an explosive mixture and may be operated by such engine.
- Devices in which it does not positively appear whether they
are operated by suction produced by an internal-combustion engine
or not, which could be so operated, but which do not necessarily depend
upon suction for their operation, go in appropriate subclasses in
this class (48). These devices ordinarily consist, essentially,
of a chamber containing a liquid hydrocarbon over or through which air
flows, it not positively appearing whether such air is forced through
such chamber as by a pump or is caused to flow therethrough by suction
produced by an engine.
|
| 126, | Stoves and Furnaces,
subclass 44 for a stove structure in which carbureted gas is
burned. |
| 201, | Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, appropriate subclass for a process directed to the
production of both coke and gas. |
| 202, | Distillation: Apparatus, appropriate subclass for apparatus for the production
of both coke and gas. |
| 208, | Mineral Oils: Processes and Products,
subclasses 15+ for a mineral oil fuel, and other appropriate subclasses
for a process of deriving or treating a mineral oil in which process
no burnable gas composition is intended to be recovered. |
| 220, | Receptacles,
subclasses 581+ for a high-pressure-gas tank. |
| 423, | Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,
subclasses 210 through 215.5for the chemical destruction of gaseous hazardous
or toxic waste, and subclasses 237+ and 352+ for
processes of purifying or producing ammonia involving a chemical
reaction. |
| 431, | Combustion,
subclass 11 for a combustion process involving a gas mixing
or generating step, subclasses 36+ for a burner fed by
a generator with automatic control of the generator; subclasses
203+ for a generating fuel tank and an associated burner;
subclasses 233+ for a system in which a generator feeds
generated gas to an external structure without purification, fixation
or storage of the gas and also feeds gas to the burner heating the
generator; subclasses 207+ for a generator feeding an immediately associated
burner; and subclasses 354+ for a combined burner and mixer. |
| 585, | Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds,
subclass 6 for a blend of gaseous hydrocarbons, subclass 14
for a hydrocarbon fuel and other appropriate subclasses for a process
of deriving or treating a hydrocarbon in which process no burnable
gas composition is intended to be recovered. |
| 588, | Hazardous or Toxic Waste Destruction or Containment,
subclasses 249 through 260for the containment of a hazardous or toxic gas. |
SUBCLASSES
![[List of Patents for class 48 subclass 1]](../ps.gif) 1 | Generation and liquefaction: |
| | Apparatus and processes for the combined generation and
liquefaction of acetylene gas.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 62, | Refrigeration,
subclasses 600+ for processes and apparatus, per se, specialized
to the manufacture of a solidified or liquefied product from a gas
by physical treatment. |
|
| | |
| 2 | Generator and holder: |
| | Connected generators and gas-holders, the pressure in the
generator regulating the supply of water in a to-and-fro or ebb-and-flow
movement to the carbid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 441, | Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices,
subclass 98 for inflatable devices combined with an acetylene
generator. |
|
| | |
| 3 | Generator and mixer: |
| | Apparatus and processes in which the acetylene gas is generated
and combined with some aeriform or gaseous fluid. It includes those
in which acetylene gas and another gas are simultaneously generated
in the same or adjacent apparatus or gas is generated and passed
over calcium carbid or mingled with acetylene gas. |
| | |
| 4 | Water feed: |
| | Structures whereby water is fed to the carbid. The water
is fed by gravity and controlled by the pressure of the gas in the
generator or by the operation of the gas-holder. It also includes structures
for feeding the water to the carbid by capillary attraction. This
subclass includes generators in which water is fed by gravity to
the top of the carbid and automatically regulated by the gas-pressure
in the generator. A hand-valve is employed to turn on and off the
water-feed. |
| | |
| 5 | Holder operated: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Generators in which the water-feed is regulated by the movement
of the gas-holder. This subclass includes structures whereby the
gas-holder operates a valve which feeds water to the top of the
carbid in the generator. |
| | |
| 6 | Series: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Generators in series of two or more and in which the water-feed
is controlled by the gas-holder. |
| | |
| 7 | Automatic switch: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Generators in series of two or more in which the water-feed
is controlled by the gas-holder and automatically directed from
one generator to another. |
| | |
| 8 | Cell series: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Receptacles for carbid divided into communicating compartments
to which water, fed successively, is controlled by the holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 42, | for dip carbid-feed generators. |
|
| | |
| 10 | Interior valve: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Structures feeding water from the gas-holder tank to the
generator, the gas-holder operating a valve located within the tank.
It also includes structures wherein a valved water-tank is located
within or on the gas-holder bell. |
| | |
| 11 | Rotary cylinder: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Cylinders, slatted or otherwise, for carbid which are caused
to rotate by the gas-holder and in which the water-feed is controlled
by the action of the gas-holder. This subclass also includes cylinders
rotated by gravity or hand in which the water-feed is operated by
the gas-holder. |
| | |
| 12 | Underfeed: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Generators to which the water is supplied beneath the upper
surface of the carbid and regulated by the movement of the gas-holder. |
| | |
| 13 | Valveless: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Apparatus in which no valve is employed to regulate the
feed of water to the generator. It includes means for displacing
water, a flexible tube, a siphon or tilting vessel operated by the gasholder.
| | (1)
Note. In this subclass, the feed of water is controlled by
the gas-pressure in the generator or holder acting upon the column
of water to be fed. It also includes means carried by the gas-holder
not otherwise classified under the subclasses of "Valveless
feed". | |
| | |
| 14 | Displacer: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Devices, such as a wedge, piston, bucket, float, etc., carried
by the gas-holder for displacing water contained in a tank, causing
it to overflow and pass to the generator. |
| | |
| 15 | Flexible tube: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Flexible tubes for feeding water to the generator carried
by the gas-holder connected to and elevated and depressed within
or above and below the water-supply. |
| | |
| 16 | Generator supported: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Generators directly connected to the interior of the gas-holder
and caused to dip in and out of the water in the gasholder tank
to feed water to the interior of the generator. |
| | |
| 17 | Siphon: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Siphon-tubes carried by the gas-holder for making connections
between the water-tank and the generator for feeding water. |
| | |
| 18 | Tilting: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Trunnioned or pivoted vessels operated by the gas-holder
so as to discharge water into a pipe leading to the generator. |
| | |
| 19 | Ebb and flow: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Generators containing carbid to which the water is admitted
by an ebb-and-flow movement produced by the gas-pressure in the
generator. |
| | |
| 20 | Series: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Two or more generators having means for supporting carbid
to which a body of water is supplied from beneath in an ebb-and-flow movement
produced by the pressure of the gas in the generator. |
| | |
| 21 | Cell series: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Receptacles for carbid divided into separate compartments
or superposed and to which water fed successively from below in
a body is controlled by the pressure of the gas in the generator. |
| | |
| 22 | Concentric: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Receptacles in the form of a bell and tank stationary one
within the other, and means provided within the bell for supporting
the carbid to which water is fed from beneath by a to-and-fro or
ebb-and-flow motion controlled by the pressure of the gas in the
bell. |
| | |
| 23 | Series: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Structures in which two or more generators are employed
and which are used successively. |
| | |
| 24 | Cell series: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Receptacles for carbid divided into communicating compartments
to which water is fed successively. The receptacles may be in series.
In this subclass, the water is fed drop by drop to the top of each
successive cell and controlled by the pressure of the gas in the
generator. |
| | |
| 25 | Capillary: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Generators in which water is supplied to the carbid by capillary
attraction. In this subclass, an absorbent is used to conduct the
water. |
| | |
| 26 | Adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Structures whereby the absorbent, through which the water
is fed by capillary attraction, may be adjusted to and from the
carbid. |
| | |
| 27 | Percolating: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Generators wherein means and materials are employed, except
capillary feed, through which water seeps in its passage to the
carbid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 59, | for structures in which a small quantity of carbid
is placed. |
|
| | |
| 28 | Pressure valves: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Percolating water-feed generators having valves operated
by the pressure of the gas in the generator to regulate the flow
of water. |
| | |
| 29 | Expansible carbide container: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Cans or cases for carbid constructed of telescopic sections,
each having a closed end, one of which sections may be spring-pressed
or it may be an open-top can containing carbid in which is placed
a follower which may be spring or weight-pressed. |
| | |
| 30 | Expansible water holder: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Vessels constructed of flexible elastic material for feeding
water to the carbid, the pressure in the generator causing a to-
and-fro movement. |
| | |
| 31 | Inexpansible gas holder and water feed: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Vessels divided by a partition-wall into two communicating
compartments, one of the compartments connecting with the generator
to supply water thereto and receive gas therefrom, the pressure
of the gas in the generator and compartment regulating the water-feed
to the generator and causing the water to flow to and from the second
compartment. |
| | |
| 32 | Oscillating: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Trunnioned receptacles provided with a support for the carbid
and means to oscillate the same, whereby water in the lower part
of the receptacle may be intermittently brought in contact with
the carbid. |
| | |
| 33 | Rotary cylinder: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Cylinders of or for containing carbid, caused to rotate
or oscillate, whereby the hydrate, due to decomposition of the carbid
and water, is removed by agitation. This subclass includes cylinders,
slatted or otherwise, rotated or oscillated by hand or gravity,
also cylinders composed of carbid, and cylindrical carriers for carbid-packages.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 11, | for rotating carbid cylinders, slatted or otherwise. |
|
| | |
| 34 | Rotary grate: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Generators having a rotary grate for supporting the carbid
and removing the hydrate. |
| | |
| 35 | Underfeed: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Generators to which the water is supplied within and beneath
the upper surface of the carbid, drop by drop. |
| | |
| 36 | Interlocking devices: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Devices for preventing accidents in the handling of the
generator, including means for interlocking two or more valves or
means which extend over or secure the cover to the generator and
simultaneously operate either one or more of the following valves:
the gas-outlet valve, the water-inlet valve, or the sludge-valve;
or vent the generator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 58, | for generators in which valves controlling the water-feed
and gas outlet open and close simultancously. |
|
| | |
| 37 | Pressure valves: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Means for operating the water-feed valve by gas-pressure
in the generator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 28, | for percoleting water-feed generators. |
|
| | |
| 38 | Carbide feed: |
| | Generators containing water into which the carbid is fed.
This subclass contains generators to which the carbid is fed not
otherwise classified under the various subclasses of "Carbid-feed".
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 221, | Article Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for article feeding subcombination,
per se, Class 48 having only significant generator combinations
or feeding subcombinations so specialized to the performance of
the generating function as to preclude classification in a general
dispensing art. |
| 222, | Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for fluent material feeding,
per se, not combined with generator structure or not specialized
for use with generators. |
|
| | |
| 39 | Apron or belt: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Generators in which an endless belt or an apron is employed
to feed the carbid to the water. It does not include aprons or belts
carrying buckets containing measured charges of carbid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 48, | and 49, for aprons or belts carrying buckets containing
measured charges of carbid. |
|
| | |
| 40 | Cock: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Generators containing water to which the feed or carbid
is regulated by means of a cock. |
| | |
| 41 | Dip: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Generators in which the carbid is caused to dip in and out
of the water. In this subclass the carbid may be suspended from
or held in suitable means supported by the gas-holder or supported
by a piston or supported by yielding means within the tank. |
| | |
| 42 | Cell series: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Dip carbid-feed generators wherein the carbid-receptacle
is composed of a number of chambers or compartments which are successively brought
in contact with the water. |
| | |
| 43 | Flap valve: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Carbid-feed generators having flap valves hinged at or near
the mouth of the chute or hopper through which the carbid passes,
automatically operated to feed the carbid. |
| | |
| 44 | Hand: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Generator-tanks to which the carbid is fed by hand. In this
subclass, the carbid may be fed loosely or put in holders; does
not include cartridges. |
| | |
| 45 | Dip: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Generators provided with suitable means for supporting carbid
which is caused to dip in and out of the water, the carbid being
fed through a hand-operated valve. |
| | |
| 46 | Measured charges: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Means for feeding definite charges of carbid. In this subclass
will be found devices not otherwise classified under "Measured
charges". This subclass includes those structures caused to
reciprocate and discharge in the tank. |
| | |
| 47 | Cartridges: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Devices for feeding cartridges containing carbid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 59, | for construction of the cartridge. |
|
| | |
| 48 | Rotary carrier: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Includes a series of receptacles arranged on the same horizontal
plane supported by means caused to rotate and discharge the receptacles successively.
The receptacles may be provided with hinged bottoms and means for
securing and releasing the same, or the receptacles may be trunnioned
and provided with means for dumping the same or an endless belt
provided with pockets.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 221, | Article Dispensing,
subclasses 82+ for article dispensers not otherwise provided for
having similar structures and modes of operation. |
|
| | |
| 49 | Vertical: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Pocket-wheels arranged to rotate on a vertical plane and
discharge successively. The pocket may be provided with lids and
means for opening and closing the same. It also includes an endless
belt having cups or carriers. |
| | |
| 50 | Stationary: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Receptacles for carbid which have a fixed relation with
the generator. They may be hinged and caused to dump, or they may
be receptacles provided with hinged or sliding bottoms with catches
and releasing means or a receptacle divided by a series of hinged
or sliding shelves with catches and releasing means. |
| | |
| 51 | Piston: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Generators where a piston is used to feed the carbid. |
| | |
| 52 | Plate valve: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Carbid feed generators having a plate arranged beneath the
discharge-opening of the carbid-hopper with an intervening space,
the carbid resting upon the plate. The plate may be in the form
of a disk or curved. |
| | |
| 53 | Pop valve: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Carbid feed generators having valves caused to pass to and
fro or through the discharge-opening of the carbid-hopper in a vertical
plane. |
| | |
| 53.1 | Bell operated: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Carbid feed pop-valves operated by the rising and falling
movement of the bell.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 53.2, | for pop valves in which the carbid holder is carried
by the bell. |
|
| | |
| 54 | Screw: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Generators having a screw conveyer to feed the carbid thereto. |
| | |
| 55 | Slide valve: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Carbid feed generators in which the valve slides upon its
seat distinguished from the structure in ... , in that there is
no intervening space between the valve and the mouth of the hopper
or seat. |
| | |
| 56 | Automatic safety escape: |
| | Structures used in connection with the generator whereby
excess pressure in the generator permits gas to escape. |
| | |
| 57 | Sludge remover: |
| | Means located in and attached to the generator for stirring
and removing the hydrate.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 47, | for devices for feeding cartridges containing carbid. |
|
| | |
| 58 | Valves, gas and water feed: |
| | Generators in which the valves controlling the water-feed
and the gas outlet are connected so as to open or close simultaneously.
It also includes the simultaneous venting of the generator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 36, | for interlocking devices for preventing accidents
in generator handling. |
|
| | |
| 59 | Carbide cartridges: |
| | Structures such as cans or cases to be used in generators
and in which a small quantity of carbid is placed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 29, | for expansible carbide containers. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 206, | Special Receptacle or Package, particularly
subclass .6 , subclass .7 and subclass 524.1, and the places
specified in the notes to such class and subclasses for other packages
of chemicals. |
|
| | |
| 60 | Conglomerate: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Cartridges in which the carbid is combined with an agglutinating
and protecting substance and formed into briquets, tablets, sticks,
etc. |
| | |
| 61 | GENERATORS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Miscellaneous generators that are not otherwise classifiable.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes,
subclass 30 for processes directed to furnace lining formation
or repair and the search notes thereto, and subclasses 31+ for
forming structural installations in situ. |
| 422, | Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,
subclasses 600 through 659for plural reaction stage reformers for producing
a gas to be used other than for the purposes of heating or illumination. |
| 429, | Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing
Apparatus, Product, and Process,
subclasses 408 through 427for fuel cell operation including methods or means
for producing, recycling, or treating reactant, feedstock, product, or
electrolyte. |
|
| | |
| 62 | Cupola: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Miscellaneous generators, having an upright, substantially
cylindrical body.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 266, | Metallurgical Apparatus,
subclasses 171+ , for means for treating ores or for extracting
metals by applying heat to work, e.g., furnace, etc. |
|
| | |
| 63 | Air and steam injected: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Cupola structures wherein air and steam are simultaneously
injected for the continuous production of gas.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 64, | for means to superheat air or steam before entering
cupola. |
|
| | |
| 64 | Superheated: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Means for superheating the air or steam, or both, before
entering the cupola. |
| | |
| 65 | Electric: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Structures of the cupola type in which an electric current
is used or produced for heating purposes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 204, | Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate subclasses, and other related
classes for electrical or wave energy apparatus, excepting radiant
energy apparatus provided for in Class 250, Radiant Energy, specialized
for the preparation of gaseous compounds or elements and involving chemical
reactions which are caused by more than the mere thermal effects of
the electrical or wave energy. |
|
| | |
| 66 | Rotary bottom: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Cupola structures provided with a bottom for supporting
the fuel, constructed to rotate or rock. Does
not include rotary grates.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 68, | for water-jacketed cupola structures with
rotary bottom. |
|
| | |
| 68 | Rotary bottom: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Water-jacketed cupola structures having a rotary
bottom for supporting the fuel. |
| | |
| 69 | Water-seal pit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Cupola structures having an open bottom and a basin or trough
for water, forming a seal for closing said open bottom
and through which the ash is removed. |
| | |
| 71 | Coal, oil and water: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Cupola structures in which coal is distilled or gasified
and into which steam or water is injected and decomposed and into
which oil or oil-vapor is also injected. The oil-vapor
may be added to the coal and water gas outside of the distilling
chamber. |
| | |
| 72 | Coal and oil: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Generators in the form of a cupola or shaft in which coal
is distilled or gasified and into which oil or oil-vapor
is introduced or oil-gas is added. |
| | |
| 73 | Coal and water: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Cupola structures in which coal is distilled or gasified
and into which steam is injected and decomposed. Water-gas
may be made separately and added to the coal-gas. |
| | |
| 74 | Refractory filling: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Cupola structures having a filling of refractory material, such
as brick, so as to be heated to a high temperature.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 80, | for an alternate process of producing water-gas. |
|
| | |
| 76 | Producers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Cupola structures wherein ignited fuel is subjected to an
air-blast.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 67, | 68, and 69, for cupola structures. |
|
| | |
| 77 | Coal: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Generators in the form of a cupola or shaft in which coal
is distilled or gasified. |
| | |
| 78 | Water: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Cupola structures for containing a bed of incandescent fuel
to which steam is admitted. This subclass includes the
alternate process of first blasting with air and then decomposing steam. |
| | |
| 79 | Carburetor: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Cupola structures for producing water-gas by the
alternate process by first blasting and then decomposing steam. The
water-gas thus produced is then carbureted by the addition
of a hydrocarbon fluid, oil vapor, or oil-gas. In
this subclass, the water-gas is passed through
an ordinary carbureting vessel containing oil. |
| | |
| 80 | Fixer: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Containing in addition to the cupola structure for the production
of water-gas by the alternate process a chamber filled
with refractory material to be highly heated and into which a hydrocarbon
oil is admitted. Oil-gas may be admitted into
this chamber, the oil or oil-gas combining with
the water-gas. |
| | |
| 81 | Retort: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Combining with the well known cupola structure for the production
of water-gas a retort to and through which the water-gas
passes and to which a hydrocarbon oil or vapor is simultaneously
admitted. |
| | |
| 82 | Up-and-down run: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Cupola structures containing a body or bodies of incandescent
fuel through which the steam is caused to pass first upwardly and
then downwardly, or vice versa. |
| | |
| 83 | Interlocking valves: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Cupola structures for making water-gas by the up-and-down
run provided with connected valves for changing the direction of
the run. |
| | |
| 84 | Oil gas: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Combined cupola structure for the production of water-gas
and a means for producing oil-gas and combining the two
gases. |
| | |
| 85 | Carbon monoxide: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Apparatus for making and carbureting and processes for carbureting
or making carbureted carbon monoxide.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 423, | Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,
subclasses 246+ and subclass 418.2 for processes of purifying
or making carbon monoxide wherein a chemical reaction is involved. |
|
| | |
| 85.1 | Movable wall: |
| | Cupola generators in which the cupola body or a section
thereof is movable for the purpose of agitating the fuel to prevent "scaffolding" and the
like.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass is not intended to include structures
of the cupola or cylindrical type wherein the bottom or the cover, per
se, is caused to rotate, such as are found in
this class, subclasses 66 and 68. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 66, | and 68, for rotary bottom cupola structures. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 34, | Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids,
subclasses 108+ for rotary drums or receptacles. |
|
| | |
| 85.2 | Stirrer: |
| | Cupola generators having means within the cupola for stirring
the fuel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 432, | Heating,
subclass 98 for a residual shaft furnace having an agitator
for the heated material. |
|
| | |
| 86 | Chargers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Miscellaneous means for feeding fuel to the cupola gas-generator.
| | (1)
Note. Does not include the bell-and-hopper
structure, such being classified in Class 266, Metallurgical
Apparatus, appropriate subclasses, and in Class
414, Material or Article Handling, subclasses 147+. | |
| | |
| 87 | Accessories: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Means applied to cupola structures, such as pressure-indicators, means
for distributing steam, means for switching the blast or
run, removable bottoms, fuel-rammers, poke-holes, peep-holes, oil-spraying
devices, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 266, | Metallurgical Apparatus, for pertinent subclass(es) as
determined by schedule review. |
|
| | |
| 89 | Retort: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Closed heated retorts for the gasification of carbonaceous
material not otherwise classifiable. |
| | |
| 90 | Domestic plants: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Individual plants consisting of a retort, purifier, condenser, and
holder. The retort may be placed in an ordinary cookstove. They
may omit the purifier, condenser, or holder. |
| | |
| 92 | Metal bath: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Retorts containing heated molten metal into which materials
to be gasified are injected.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 202, | Distillation: Apparatus,
subclass 219 for a retort containing a mass of fusible material
through which heat is conveyed. |
|
| | |
| 95 | Air: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Retorts into which oil, steam, or water
and air are injected to be gasified. The air may be added
to the gas produced from the oil and steam or water. |
| | |
| 96 | Carburetor: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Retorts into which oil and steam or water are injected and
the resultant gas passed through a vessel containing hydrocarbon
fluid. |
| | |
| 98 | Coal, oil and water: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Combined retorts for gasifying coal and means for introducing
steam or water and oil. The water or steam may be converted
into CO, H, and the oil gasified in separate retorts
and combined with the coal-gas. |
| | |
| 99 | Coal and water: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Combined retorts for the gasification of coal and means
for introducing water, steam, or water-gas. |
| | |
| 100 | Coal and oil: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Combined retorts for gasifying coal and means for introducing
oil therein or for combining the coal and oil gas. |
| | |
| 102 | Oil: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Retorts containing a body of oil or into which oil is injected.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 123, | Internal-Combustion Engines,
subclasses 568.11+ for a vapor generator forming a part of an explosive
engine. |
| 431, | Combustion,
subclasses 207+ for a burner fed by a retort and for a retort utilizing
heat derived from the generated gas. However, where
an unburned portion of the gas generated in the retort is purified, fixed, or stored, classification
is in appropriate subclass of Class 48. |
|
| | |
| 103 | Electric heater: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Retorts in which is located an electric heater for gasifying
the oil.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass does not include apparatus or
processes where an electrolytic action is effected upon the material gasified, for
example. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 204, | Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate subclasses for electrical or wave energy
generators, excepting radiant energy apparatus provided
for in Class 250, Radiant Energy, specialized
for the preparation of gaseous compounds or elements, and
involving chemical reactions which are caused by more than the mere
thermal effects of the electrical or wave energy. |
| 392, | Electric Resistance Heating Devices,
subclasses 301+ for borehole-type heating devices. |
| 431, | Combustion,
subclass 208 for a burner fed by gas generated by an electrical
heating means. |
|
| | |
| 104 | Jet mixers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Retorts in which oil is gasified with the gas- pressure
being used to entrain air on its way to the gasometer. In
this subclass, the gas is purified or fixed on its way
to the storage-gasometer. The retort is heated
by a portion of the gas generated.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass does not include similar devices
where a portion or all of the gas is burned to heat the retort, in which
there is no fixation, purification, or storage
of the gas. | |
| | |
| 105 | Steam injected: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Vessels containing a body of oil into which steam is injected; also
includes devices feeding oil for gasification into a highly-superheated
jet of steam for decomposition. |
| | |
| 106 | Automatic feed: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Devices whereby the oil fed to the retort is regulated by
the pressure of the gas either in the retort or gasometer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 104, | for retorts in which oil is gasified. |
|
| | |
| 107 | Air injected: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Combined retorts for gasifying oil and means for introducing
air or oxygen. The air or oxygen may be added to the oil-gas
after it leaves the retort or in the gasometer.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 431, | Combustion,
subclasses 210+ for a fuel burner fed by a retort supplied with
both fuel and air. |
|
| | |
| 108 | Water: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Retorts constructed to contain incandescent coal and into
which steam is injected. |
| | |
| 109 | Carburetor: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Retorts constructed to contain incandescent coal for making
water-gas, which is thereafter carbureted. |
| | |
| 110 | Oil gas: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Retorts for separately making water and oil gases, which
may afterward be mixed. |
| | |
| 111 | Wood: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Retorts in which wood, peat, sawdust, or
other vegetable matter is distilled for making gas and to which
steam may be added and decomposed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 202, | Distillation: Apparatus, for pertinent subclass(es) as
determined by schedule review. |
|
| | |
| 112 | Oil: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Retorts in which wood, etc., is
distilled for making gas and into which oil is injected or separately
gasified and added to the wood-gas. Steam may
also be injected. |
| | |
| 113 | Furnaces: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Furnace structures to generate for producer-gas for
heating benches of retorts. The furnace may have flues
for the passage of air, and also flues for the passage
of the products of combustion whereby the air is heated. This
subclass includes settings for the retorts and processes for heating
the retorts. |
| | |
| 116 | Carburetor: |
| | Combined hydrogen-generators and means for carbureting
the hydrogen by passing the same in contact with or through a hydrocarbon
liquid. |
| | |
| 117 | Air: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Combined hydrogen-generators and means for carbureting
air and mixing the two gases, which may further carburet
the mixture. |
| | |
| 118 | Floating oil: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Generators in which a hydrocarbon oil floats on the surface
of the acid solution and through which the generated hydrogen passes. |
| | |
| 118.5 | Portable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Generators constructed to be transported from place to place
for the purpose of filling local gasometers. |
| | |
| 119 | RETORTS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Vessels constructed of metal, clay etc., for
gasifying materials by heat applied thereto. This subclass
includes retorts of various designs arranged on a horizontal plane.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 432, | Heating,
subclasses 253+ for residual means for holding, shielding, or
supporting work within a furnace while being heated. |
|
| | |
| 122 | Inclined: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Retorts constructed to be placed in the furnace in an inclined
position. |
| | |
| 124 | Lids: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Doors for closing the mouth of retorts. Includes special
fastening means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 110, | Furnaces,
subclasses 173+ for doors relating to openings in furnace walls. |
| 202, | Distillation: Apparatus,
subclasses 242+ for retort closures. |
| 220, | Receptacles,
subclasses 200+ for removable closures. |
|
| | |
| 126 | Attachments: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Auxiliary devices applied to retorts, such as mouthpieces, door-seats, stoppers, etc. |
| | |
| 127.1 | CONVERSION OF HYDROCARBON GAS AND BLENDING OF PRODUCT WITH
FURTHER HYDROCARBON GAS, PROCESS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process in which a normally gaseous hydrocarbon or gaseous
mixture containing predominantly such hydrocarbon is subjected to
a chemical reaction and a normally gaseous hydrocarbon or gaseous
mixture is mixed with the reaction product.
| | (1)
Note. The unreacted hydrocarbon gas may have the
same composition as the gas fed to the reaction or a different composition. |
| | (2)
Note. The process often has for its purpose the lowering
of the BTU value of a batch of natural gas, which is split, one part
treated, and recombined. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 197, | and 198.1+, for the conversion
of a hydrocarbon gas to a different combustible gas composition. |
|
| | |
| 127.3 | METHANE (NATURAL GAS)-CONTAINING
PRODUCT, OR TREATMENT OR RECOVERY PROCESS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter in which a gaseous product composition containing
methane is claimed or in which a process is claimed which results in
such a product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 197, | for a combustible gas product composition other
than one containing methane. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 252, | Compositions,
subclasses 372+ for a gaseous composition in general or a method
for manufacturing it. |
| 585, | Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds,
subclass 6 for mixture of gases containing only hydrocarbons. |
|
| | |
| 127.5 | Process including chemical reaction: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 127.3. Process in which a compound included in the feedstock to
the process is changed to another compound.
| | (1)
Note. The resulting compound may be methane or the
entire reaction may be concerned with a compound other than methane, for
example, an impurity compound in a mainly-methane
stream may be reacted to remove it or make it less objectionable. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 198.3, | for a process wherein an impurity is removed after
chemical conversion of methane to a different gaseous composition. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 585, | Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds,
subclasses 700+ for synthesis of methane as a relatively pure compound. |
|
| | |
| 127.7 | Catalytic: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 127.5. Subject matter which employs an extraneous accelerator or
retarder for the reaction.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass (127.7) serves
as a collection place for cross-reference copies of patents
wherein a methane-containing mixture is recovered from
an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 210, | Liquid Purification or Separation,
subclass 603 for a process in which methane is collected incidental
to sewage or other waste liquid treatment. |
| 435, | Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,
subclass 167 for the manufacture of methane by fermentation, that
is, bacterial or other enzyme-catalyzed synthesis. |
|
| | |
| 127.9 | APPARATUS FOR CONVERTING OR TREATING HYDROCARBON GAS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus which uses a hydrocarbon gas as a feedstock or
in which a hydrocarbon gas is an effluent.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 127.1, | 127.3+, 197, and
198.1+, for the corresponding processes. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 422, | Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, appropriate subclasses for chemical reactors in
general. |
| 429, | Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing
Apparatus, Product, and Process,
subclasses 408 through 427for fuel cell operation including methods or means
for producing, recycling, or treating reactant, feedstock, product, or
electrolyte. |
|
| | |
| 128 | PURIFIERS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Means not otherwise classifiable wherein gas is subjected
to the action of a medium capable of removing impurities. |
| | |
| 144 | CARBURETORS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Vessels for containing liquid hydrocarbon through or over
which air or gas is passed.
| | (1)
Note. See also main class definition under this class. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 123, | Internal-Combustion Engines,
subclasses 568.11+ for a vapor generator forming a part of an explosive
engine. |
|
| | |
| 160 | Gravity: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Vessels constructed to contain hydrocarbon liquid, or to
which the same is fed drop by drop, and to which air is admitted
under atmospheric pressure, and from which the carbureted air passes
by gravity. |
| | |
| 170 | CENTER AND BY-PASS VALVES: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Means for directing the passage of the gas through two or
more purifiers and for by- passing one or more. |
| | |
| 173 | EXHAUSTERS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Means for drawing the gas from the generator, regulating
the action of the same, and preventing the formation of a vacuum. |
| | |
| 174 | HOLDERS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Vessels for the storage of gas. This subclass includes stationary
vessels and independent parts to be used in the construction of
the holder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 105, | Railway Rolling Stock,
subclass 358 for freight cars designed to carry fluid material. |
| 220, | Receptacles, for pertinent subclass(es) as determined by schedule
review. |
| 405, | Hydraulic and Earth Engineering,
subclasses 53+ for underground storage of fluids. |
|
| | |
| 176 | Bell and tank: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Structures consisting of an open-top tank and an inverted
bell. The tank may be provided with a purifier through which the
gas passes on its way to the bell; or with a chamber for storing
oil or various utensils used around the works.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 5, | for holders in which the water-feed is regulated
by the movement of the gas-holder. |
| 104, | for retorts in which oil is gasified. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 417, | Pumps,
subclasses 93+ for gas pumps having a moving contracting chamber in
a liquid tank. |
|
| | |
| 177 | Sectional bell: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 176. Structures where the bell is divided horizontally into sections
having water-seal joints and telescoping. |
| | |
| 178 | Collapsible: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Holders comprising a plurality of sections of which one
or more is flexible and so related that the holder may collapse. |
| | |
| 179 | Tank: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Open-top chambers within which the bell moves.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 220, | Receptacles,
subclasses 581+ for a high-pressure-gas tank. |
|
| | |
| 180.1 | MIXERS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Processes and apparatus for mixing combustible gases or
a gas and a supporter of combustion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 195+ for meters for feeding gases in definite proportions. |
| 123, | Internal-Combustion Engines,
subclasses 568.11+ for mixers peculiar to explosive engines. |
| 137, | Fluid Handling,
subclass 3 for a process of general utility involving control
of the mixing of diverse fluids, subclasses 98+ for a self-proportioning
flow system of general utility and subclasses 602+ for
a fluid handling system having plural inlets and a single outlet
for fluids other than heating or illuminating gas. |
| 239, | Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing,
subclasses 8+ for a sprinkling, spraying or diffusing process
of general utility involving mixing; and subclasses 398+ for
a combined mixing and spraying structure of general utility including
a flow modifying terminal outlet means. |
| 431, | Combustion,
subclasses 354+ for a fuel-oxidizer mixing and flame holding assembly
where the flame holder is no more than an abruptly terminated flow
means. |
|
| | |
| 181 | Bell and tank: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 180.1. Mixers comprising a bell and tank within which the gases
are mixed, the movement of the bell controlling the supply of gases
or air and gas. |
| | |
| 182 | Anterior: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 181. Devices where the mixture of gases or gas and air takes
place before entering the bell and is controlled thereby. |
| | |
| 183 | Posterior: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 181. Devices where the mixture of gases or air and gas is made
beyond the bell and controlled thereby. |
| | |
| 184 | Diaphragm: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 180.1. Devices where a diaphragm operates the valves controlling
the supply of gases or gas and air, the pressure of the gas operating
the diaphragm. |
| | |
| 185 | Gravity: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 180.1. Devices where a body connected to and operating the supply-valves
for the gases or gas and air is made buoyant by the specific gravity
of the gas. |
| | |
| 186 | Pump: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 180.1. Devices where pumps are employed to deliver the gases or
air and gas to a mixing- chamber. |
| | |
| 187 | Rotary drum: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 180.1. Bladed rotary drums located within a casing for drawing
in the gases or air and gas and mixing them. |
| | |
| 188 | Anterior: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Devices where the air and gas or gases are mixed before
entering the drum. |
| | |
| 189 | Posterior: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Devices where the air and gas or gases are mixed beyond
the drum, the drum being used to force one or both of the elements. |
| | |
| 189.1 | Three or more different fluids entering apparatus: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 180.1. Apparatus having provision for three or more different combustible
gases or gases which support combustion to separately enter the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. Any difference in the gases is sufficient to make them
different. |
| | (2)
Note. This subclass includes for example devices which mix
a high calorific fuel gas, a low calorific fuel gas and air. | |
| | |
| 189.4 | Mixer in flow path of existing mixture: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 180.1. Apparatus in the flow path of an existing mixture which
improves the extent of mixing.
| | (1)
Note. Apparatus in this or indented subclasses is characterized
by adding no additional component to the mixture. | |
| | |
| 189.5 | Rotating mixer: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 189.4. Apparatus wherein an element rotates in the flow path of
the existing mixture.
| | (1)
Note. The rotation may be caused either by the motion of the
mixture itself or by external force. | |
| | |
| 190 | DISTRIBUTION: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Means and methods for the distribution of gas.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass contains miscellaneous patents not otherwise
classified, such as those for preventing the freezing in the pipes,
charging distributing holders on trains, ships, etc. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 137, | Fluid Handling, particularly
subclasses 561+ for fluid handling and distribution systems not
otherwise provided for. |
| 138, | Pipes and Tubular Conduits, appropriate subclasses for pipes and tubes, especially
subclasses 32+ for devices of general application for the prevention
of fluid in pipes from freezing. |
|
| | |
| 191 | Regulating pressure: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Means for reducing and regulating the pressure of gas in
a distributing system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 137, | Fluid Handling,
subclasses 494+ , particularly subclasses 505+ for fluid-pressure
regulators, per se. |
|
| | |
| 192 | Safety devices: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Means for preventing, also localizing and confining, explosions
in a gas-distributing system. |
| | |
| 193 | Leakage: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Means for detecting and providing for the escape of leakage
gas from mains.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclass 40.5 for positively creating a condition to produce
leakage of defective mains. |
| 252, | Compositions,
subclass 68 , subclasses 299.01+ and subclass 408.1
for gas leak testing compositions. |
|
| | |
| 194 | Preventing: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Means for preventing the leakage of gas from the mains at
their couplings.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 285, | Pipe Joints or Couplings,
subclasses 13+ for a coupling combined with leakage disposal means,
and subclasses 148.6+ for compound joints. See the Search
Notes thereunder. |
|
| | |
| 197 | PROCESSES: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Processes not otherwise classifiable for the manufacture
and accessory treatment of gas.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 127.1, | for a process in which a hydrocarbon gas feedstock
is converted to fuel gas of a different composition and this latter
composition is blended with hydrocarbon gas. |
| 127.3+, | for a fuel gas product containing methane or a process
for treating or recovering such a product. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 44, | Fuel and Related Compositions,
subclasses 300 through 459for liquefied, normally gaseous fuel compositions,
classified principally on the basis of nonhydrocarbon additives thereto. |
| 204, | Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, for production of gaseous compounds or elements involving chemical
reactions which are caused by more than the mere thermal effects of
electrical or wave energy, especially
subclasses 170+ for a process involving a chemical reaction brought about
by an electrostatic field or electrical discharge to produce a gaseous hydrocarbon. |
| 205, | Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein,
and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, for electrolysis, especially
subclasses 334+ for electrolytic synthesis of a chemical compound
or element. |
| 423, | Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,
subclasses 210 through 215.5for the chemical destruction of gaseous hazardous
or toxic waste. Note that subclasses 245.1-245.3 provide for an organic
component. |
| 518, | Chemistry: Fischer-Tropsch Processes; or Purification
or Recovery of Products Thereof, for processes of producing nonfuel gases, which
are not specifically set forth as being useful as fuels, by the
reaction of hydrogen with carbon oxides. |
| 585, | Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds, particularly
subclass 14 , for liquified, normally gaseous fuel compositions
which are mixtures of hydrocarbons only. |
| 588, | Hazardous or Toxic Waste Destruction or Containment, appropriate subclasses for the use of heat, vacuum,
or chemical agents when destroying or containing hazardous or toxic
waste. |
|
| | |
| 198.2 | Employing carbon particles, porous barrier element or molten
material: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 198.1. Subject matter in which the conversion process employs a
normally solid material in its liquid state or carbon particles
(which may be carbon particles produced in the same or a different stage
of the process) or self-sustaining element having pores which permit
the passage of some, but not all, components of a gaseous composition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 200, | 201, 202 and 210, for the production of fuel gas
from coal or other carbon particles without the use of methane-containing
gas. |
|
| | |
| 198.3 | With specified treatment of converted product, e.g., purification,
particular cooling, testing, etc.: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 198.1. Subject matter in which the gaseous product of the process
is subjected to a further treatment which does not change the chemical
nature of the finished desired product.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 62, | Refrigeration, appropriate subclasses for a process for purifying
or separating gas compositions via the liquefaction or solidification
of normally gaseous materials. |
| 73, | Measuring and Testing, for testing methods in general, and the main class
definition thereto for a directory of other loci for the testing
art. |
| 95, | Gas Separation: Processes, appropriate subclasses for processes, per se, for
the separation of gas from a fluid mixture. |
| 165, | Heat Exchange, for cooling methods and apparatus, in general. |
| 423, | Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,
subclasses 210+ for gas purification by a method involving a chemical reaction. |
|
| | |
| 198.5 | Employing oxygen donor particles or carbidable metal particles: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 198.1. Subject matter in which a feedstock or an intermediate mixture
contacts particles of a metal which can be converted to a carbide
of the metal or oxygen-containing particles which can give up their
oxygen to another gas used in the process.
| | (1)
Note. The particles involved must be described as carbidable
or oxygen-donating or the carbiding or oxygen-donating reaction
must be described as taking place. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 198.7, | for a process including contact with particles described
as catalytic. |
|
| | |
| 198.6 | Specified direction of gas travel through particle mass,
e.g., fluidization, flow reversal, etc.: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 198.1. Subject matter in which a gas involved in the process is
described as traveling through a particle mass in a specified direction,
e.g., vertically, downwardly, etc., or in opposite directions through
the same particle mass at different stages of the process.
| | (1)
Note. The mere statement that the particle mass is fluidized,
or words to that effect, is sufficient for placement in this subclass. | |
| | |
| 198.7 | Employing catalytic particles: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 198.1. Subject matter in which a gas contacts a reaction accelerating
or retarding material in particle form.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 198.2, | for a similar process in which carbon particles
may act as a catalyst. |
| 198.5, | for a similar process in which metal or oxide particles,
ordinarily considered a catalyst, chemically combine with carbon
or yield oxygen to a reactant. |
| 198.6, | for a similar process in which a mass of catalytic
particles is fluidized. |
|
| | |
| 199 | Carbureting: |
| | Processes wherein hydrogen gas is brought in contact with
a liquid hydrocarbon. |
| | |
| 200 | Coal, oil and water: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Processes for gasifying coal and oil and decomposing water
and combining the resultant gases. These elements may be separately gasified
and united or conjointly gasified. |
| | |
| 201 | Coal and oil: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Processes for making and combining coal and olefiant gases.
They may be made separately and united or made combined. |
| | |
| 202 | Coal and water: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Processes for gasifying coal and combining therewith water-gas
or simultaneously gasifying coal and decomposing steam in the same retort.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 201, | Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic,
subclass 38 for a process of carbonizing coal in the presence
of steam. |
|
| | |
| 203 | Producer: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Processes for making the well-known Siemens producer gas,
which consists in blasting with air an ignited bed of fuel. |
| | |
| 204 | Water: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Processes whereby a body of fuel is first heated to incandescence
and then steam injected.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 201, | Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic,
subclass 38 for a process of carbonizing coal in the presence
of steam. |
|
| | |
| 205 | Carbureting: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Processes whereby steam is decomposed by being passed through
a body of incandescent fuel and then carbureted by means of a volatile hydrocarbon
either in the form of a liquid, vapor, or gas. |
| | |
| 206 | Continuous: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Processes for the continuous manufacture of water-gas by
bringing steam into contact with coal maintained at a decomposing
temperature either by internal combustion or heat applied. |
| | |
| 207 | Down run: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Processes wherein steam is admitted to the top of a bed
of incandescent fuel, passes through, and the resultant gas drawn
off at the bottom. |
| | |
| 208 | Up-and-down run: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Processes in which steam is caused to pass upwardly and
downwardly, or vice versa, through a body or separate bodies of
incandescent fuel. |
| | |
| 209 | Wood: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Processes for gasifying wood, sawdust, peat, or other vegetable
matter. The gas generated may be carbureted or have added to it
oil or oil gas or other gas.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 201, | Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, appropriate subclassesfor a process of destructive distillation of wood, sawdust,
peat or other vegetable matter. |
|
| | |
| 211 | Oil: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Processes for gasifying oil.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 208, | Mineral Oils: Processes and Products, particularly
subclasses 106+ for the production of both a gas and a mineral oil
from a mineral oil unless the oil produced is merely incidental
to the production of a gas from the oil feed. |
|
| | |
| 212 | Air injected: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 211. Processes where oil and air are injected into a heated retort.
The air may be added to the gas produced from the oil. |
| | |
| 215 | Air: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 214. Processes wherein oil, steam, and air are injected into
a highly heated retort. The air may be added to and mixed with the
gas resulting from the decomposition of the oil and steam or water. |
| | |
| 216 | Acetylene: |
| | Processes for generating acetylene gas by the mutual decomposition
of calcium carbid and water and for preparing calcium carbid for
such use. This subclass covers processes of the first type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 204, | Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy,
subclass 171 for processes of producing acetylene gas by a chemical
reaction brought about by an electrostatic field or an electrical discharge. |
| 205, | Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein,
and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, for electrolysis, especially
subclass 462 for electrolytic synthesis of a hydrocarbon. |
| 585, | Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds,
subclasses 534+ for a process of synthesizing acetylene or a hydrocarbon
derivative thereof where the intent is to produce a relatively pure
organic compound. |
|
| | |
| 217 | Slow: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Processes in which a retarded generation of acetylene is
produced in contra-distinction to the usual rapid generation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 60, | for conglomerate carbide cartridges. |
|
| | |
| 219 | Carbureting: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Processes for carbureting air or gas generally by passing
the same in contact with hydrocarbon liquid. |
| | |
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CLASS 48,