SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION
This is a restricted class for conversion systems wherein a
single electrical source circuit is coupled to a single electrical
load circuit.
A. LOAD IN OUTPUT CIRCUIT
1. Load Defined By Its Characteristics:
This class provides for conversion systems as defined the
Glossary, below, even though the electrical load in the output circuit
is recited by its characteristics, e.g., an inductive load, a load
having negative current resistance characteristic, etc.
2. Particular Load Device:
Systems wherein a particular load device is recited in the
output circuit are classified with the particular art even though
the load device is recited by name only, e.g., a motor, an electrical
furnace, etc. A partial list of such art systems is set forth under
References to Other Classes, below.
3. What This Class Does Not Provide For:
This class does not provide for systems having a plurality
of load devices whether the load devices are in different output
circuits or in the same output circuit, except where the plural
load device in a single output circuit are similar type loads. Therefore,
if there are a plurality of diverse load devices in a single output
circuit, even though recited only by their characteristics, e.g.,
a high inductive load and a low inductive load, then the system
is excluded from this class.
B. CONVERSION SYSTEMS INCLUDING VOLTAGE MAGNITUDE AND/OR
PHASE CONTROL
Conversion systems of the type classified herein are included
in this class, even though they include voltage magnitude and/or
phase control means.
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
B. CONVERSION SYSTEMS HAVING PLURAL INPUT AND/OR
PLURAL OUTPUT CIRCUITS
1. What This Class Excludes:
This class excludes systems having a plurality of either electrical
source (input) circuits (see below with reference to polyphase systems)
or output circuits. Where the system including the plurality of
input and/or output comprises or is part of an art device,
classification is with the art device. For other such systems,
see References to Other Classes, below.
2. Alternate Input or Load Systems
If the system can operate with only one input and one output
circuit at a time, even though there might be an alternate input
or output circuit, classification is in this class (363). If the
system contemplates that more than one input or output circuit will
be used concurrently at any time, the system is excluded from this
class and pointed out in 1 above. Also, see 3 below, with reference
to polyphase systems.
3. Polyphase Systems
Although this class excludes systems having a plurality of
input or output circuits, systems wherein the input circuit or the
output circuit is a single polyphase circuit are considered to be
systems having a single input or output circuit and are included
in this class.
a. A single polyphase circuit is defined as a polyphase circuit
which either does not have significantly different sources or significantly
different load devices or load circuits for its several phases.
b. Plural Single Phase Sources To Make Polyphase:
Systems wherein a plurality of single phase sources are combined
to produce a single polyphase output are excluded from this class.
See References to Other Classes, below.
c. Polyphase From Single Phase:
This class includes systems having a single phase source circuit
where phase converter means are used to produce a polyphase output.
Where impedances are used for this purpose, see Subclass References
to the Current Class, below.
C. CONVERSION SYSTEMS NOT INCLUDED IN THIS CLASS
1. The conversion systems not included in this class for the
most part relate to the communications arts. They include such
converters as oscillators, modulators, demodulators, detectors,
amplifiers, repeaters, filters, pulsing systems, wave transmission
systems, etc. Many of these excluded systems, such as modulators,
amplifiers, detectors, include means to control an electric current
or potential of one character, such as direct or alternating current,
by means of a control signal so as to produce a current or potential
of another character. For example, in an amplifier system using
an electronic tube with a source of direct current connected to
the anode, the alternating current in the grid circuit controls
the electronic tube so that the flow of direct current is varied to
produce a pulsating current in the output. Also in some of these
systems, such as some types of detectors, alternating current modulated
by a signal is passed through a rectifying system so as to produce
in the output circuit a pulsating direct current representative
of the signal. For the lines between some of the excluded systems
and this class, see the following sections. Also, for a partial
list of such converters and their classification, see "Related
Art" below.
It is common practice in the communications arts to refer
to a signal or control circuit as an "input" circuit and
the claims might recite "-- --conversion of one frequency
to another" where the first frequency is in fact only a
signal or control for controlling another electrical source circuit
which is the source of energy for producing the second frequency.
In this class, the input circuit is the circuit to which the energy
is applied which is to appear in the output circuit.
Systems which include Electricity-Heat-Electricity Conversion
are classified elsewhere. Lines and Networks which include frequency
conversion are classified elsewhere. See References to Other Classes
below.
2. Pulse Forming Circuits:
Systems designed to produce a plurality of discrete pulses
similar to the pulses used in radar systems by conversion of electrical
energy will be found in a number of other classes. Some of these
classes are found in References to Other Classes, below.
3. Amplifiers in Class 330, and the Conversion Systems of
This Class (363):
Systems which are designed to control a local source of energy
by means of a control wave so as to produce an output which is either
an enlarged, diminished or identical copy of the control wave of
the type used in communication systems are classified as amplifiers
in Class 330. In such systems, the control wave is not the source of
power for the system.
4. Oscillators In Class 331 and Conversion Systems Of This
Class (363):
a. Converting Direct to Alternating Current:
Converters for converting direct to alternating current wherein
the system is self-controlled are classified in Class 331, except
in those cases wherein the control involves circuit making and breaking,
or wherein a resistor is mechanically varied. Where the system
is such that conversion may be either way, i.e., A.C. to D.C. or
D.C. to A.C. classification is in this class (363). In those cases
wherein the conversion is A.C. to D.C. classification is in this
class (363). The usual art in Class 331, will have a tuned circuit
for determining the frequency of the resulting alternating current.
However, the art in Class 331 also includes oscillators using resistance-inductance
and resistance-capacity circuits (e.g., relaxation oscillators)
which are self-controlled. Some of the oscillation generators in
Class 331 are designed to produce pulse waves. Also, see the reference
to Class 315 in References to Other Classes, below, for a reference
to the systems closely analogous to oscillation generators in Class
315.
b. Oscillators with Alternating Power Supply:
Self-controlled oscillatory circuits which have an alternating
current source of supply are classified as oscillation generators
elsewhere. See References to Other Classes, below.
c. Oscillators with Rectifier in Output Circuit:
Where the output of an oscillator is rectified, the overall system
is a conversion system for this class (363). See Subclass References
to the Current Class, below.
5. Harmonic Generators, Frequency Multipliers in Class 327
and Class 331:
Systems designed to produce an output alternating current
of a frequency (f1), from an alternating current
having a frequency (f2) may be used as frequency multipliers
or frequency dividers. In event the output frequency had definite
harmonic relation to the frequency (f1), (f1 is
a multiple of f2) the system is a harmonic
generator. Where the output frequency is a submultiple of the frequency
(f1) the system is a frequency divider. Included
as multiples are fractions such as three-halves and as submultiples
are fractions such as two-thirds.
If the system includes an electronic tube of type having a
control means (e.g., grid) as the converting means and the source
of power (e.g., anode supply) is A.C. or D.C. and the frequency
of the output circuit is a multiple of the frequency applied to
the control circuit, classification is elsewhere; for cascaded oscillator
systems of the frequency multiplying type, and for oscillators combined
with output coupling networks of the harmonic, producing or selecting
type classification is also elsewhere. If the frequency of the
output circuit in such electronic tube systems is a submultiple
of the frequency applied to the control circuit, classification
is elsewhere. Miscellaneous nonlinear active device frequency control
circuits (including mixers and multipliers) having a configuration
other than a single source coupled to a single electrical load are
classified elsewhere.
If there is no definite relation as above set forth, then
the system is excluded from Class 331, and will be found in this
class. To be classified in Class 331 as a frequency multiplier
or divider the system must contain a local source of energy or signal
for controlling the output frequency. Where the system is not self-controlled
and the source circuit is supplied with energy having a frequency
(f2) other than the output energy and is the
same energy as the input energy, and has a frequency relation to
the source energy, which is determined by the frequency of the source
circuit, classification is in class (363), regardless of the magnitudes
of the frequencies or the proposed use of the system. Also, included
in Class 363 are frequency multipliers and dividers which are not otherwise
classified, such as motor-generator systems where the motor is supplied
by a frequency(f2) and the output circuit of
the generator has a frequency (f2).
6. Demodulators in Class 329, Demodulators and The Conversion
Systems of This Class (363):
Class 329 provides for both the structure of devices used by
demodulating and for the demodulating systems. Included in these
subclasses are systems using a rectifying means designed to rectify
a signal modulated wave so as to produce in the output circuit a
pulsating direct current representative of the signal, and electronic
tube systems where a modulated wave is impressed upon the control
means (e.g., grid) of the tube so as to control the output to produce
a wave representative of the signal.
7. The Gas Or Vapor Tube Systems In Class 315, Electric Lamp
and Discharge Devices, Systems and the Conversion Systems in This
Class (363):
Class 315 contains many systems which are closely analogous
to the systems in this class. Class 315 provides for electrical
systems for supplying electric current and/or potential
to one or more electronic tubes of the gas or vapor type. Many
of these systems inherently convert A.C. to D.C. or D.C. to A.C.
Some are inherently oscillation generators. Where the system is
limited by claimed subject matter to supplying a load circuit, it
is excluded from Class 315. Merely claiming the circuit necessary
to connect the anode to the cathode as a load circuit is not sufficient
to exclude the system from Class 315. Claiming a load device, either
specifically or broadly in the output circuit will exclude the system
from Class 315. Claiming subject matter which would not be provided
unless the system were to be used for supplying a load device is
sufficient to exclude the system from Class 315. For example, reciting means
in the output circuit responsive to overload conditions in output
circuit to control the system will exclude the system from Class
315.
Particular attention is called to the following subclasses which
are fields of search for gas or vapor-type systems which inherently
convert A.C. to D.C. or D.C. to A.C: Subclasses where the system
includes means to substitute one electronic tube for another when
the electronic tube becomes inoperative by reason of some defect
or failure to operate properly; subclasses where the system includes
a signal indicator or alarm for indicating some condition of the
system; and subclasses where the phase shifting means to control
the current or potential applied to the control (grid circuit).
See the Class 315 reference Search Class note below, referencing
this section.
a. A.C. to D.C. In many of the systems in Class 315, the electronic
tube is an asymmetrical device, and operates to pass electric current
in one direction only between the electrodes. Merely naming the
device as a rectifier or derectifier is not sufficient to exclude
the system from Class 315, unless some subject matter is claimed
which limits the system to the rectifying or derectifying art. Accordingly,
a search for such systems where control of the rectifying or derectifying
tube is the significant factor should include Class 315.
See the Class 315 Search Class reference below for the art
subclasses referred to in the sections above, and also note there
the references to subclasses where polyphase current is supplied
to the tube or tubes (note where single phase is changed to polyphase
which is applied to the tube to tubes); and subclasses where alternating
current is supplied to one or more tubes.
b. D.C. to A.C. Many systems using electric lamps of the
gaseous or vapor discharge type inherently generate oscillations
during operation. Class 315 therefore, provides for all systems
for merely supplying electric current and/or potential
to gaseous or vapor discharge devices whether the system is claimed
as an oscillation generator or merely as a lamp circuit, provided
that the system is not limited by claimed subject matter to use
as an oscillation generator, such as, for example, means to transfer
the oscillating electric energy to another circuit or means to use
the oscillating energy.
Also, Class 315 includes systems which do not inherently generate
oscillations but which do inherently convert D.C. to A.C. The subclass
areas referred to in the general Section of 7. above, and also note
Class 315 subclasses for systems having a condenser in the supply circuit.
Many of the systems include relaxation circuits (L-C R-C). Note
especially subclasses where the condenser is connected in shunt
to the tube so as to supply pulses of energy to the tube. In subclass
229 will be found plural tube systems having a commutating condenser
where the system inherently converts D.C. to A.C. Similar systems
using tubes with a plurality of anodes or cathodes with a commutating
condenser are in Class 315.
Class 315 provides for miscellaneous systems for sequentially
starting a plurality of gas or vapor tubes. So-called ring circuits
are an example of such systems. The search should extend for any
particular type of system to the appropriate subclass.
8. Motor Generator Systems in Class 322, Electricity, Single
Generator Systems:
Class 322 provides for motor-generator set systems wherein
there is no significant relationship between the characteristics
of the electrical energy supplied to the motor and the characteristics
of the electrical energy supplied to the output circuit by the generator.
Class 363 provides for those motor-generator set systems wherein
there is a significant relationship between the characteristics
of the electrical energy supplied to the motor and the characteristics
of the electrical energy supplied to the output circuit by the generator
(e.g., f1 to f2 or phase1 to
phase2).
9. Modulators in Class 332, Modulators and the Conversion
Systems in This Class (363):
Class 332 includes conversion systems, such as pulse forming
systems, D.C. to A.C. systems, frequency conversion systems where
the purpose of the system is to produce a repetitious wave which
has one of its characteristics (frequency, shape, phase) varied
in accordance with an intelligence which continuously varies in
an arbitrary manner. An example of an arbitrary continuously varying
intelligence is speech. Examples of the waves produced by these
systems are modulated pulse waves, frequency modulated carrier waves.
Oscillation generators which are modulated by an intelligence are included
in Class 332.
D. LINE BETWEEN CLASS 363 AND CLASS 323, ELECTRICITY, POWER
SUPPLY OR REGULATION SYSTEMS
Class 323 is restricted to those systems wherein only the magnitude
of the current or voltage and/or the magnitude of the phase
angle relationship are controlled, varied, or regulated. Class
323 excludes all systems wherein a conversion step is performed
on the energy going through the system.
Class 363 provides for systems for converting input electrical
energy into output electrical energy whose characteristics are different
from those of the input electrical energy. A Class 363 conversion
system may include as a subcombination thereof a voltage magnitude
and/or phase control system such as might be classified,
per se, in Class 323.
E. SYSTEMS NOT INCLUDED IN THIS CLASS
a. Wave Shaping:
Mere wave shaping systems where the electrical energy is not
converted into a different character (e.g., from A.C. to D.C. or
vice versa), or where there is no phase or frequency conversion
are not included in this class. For example, networks consisting
of passive elements, such as resistors, capacitors, and inductances,
which function to alter the shape of the wave (e.g., to convert
a sine wave to a square wave) and which do not involve current,
phase or frequency conversion means are excluded from Class 363.
Also excluded are systems such as electronic tube systems and saturable
reactor systems where a source of energy (e.g., the anode supply
in the case of an electronic tube system) is controlled by a control
signal so as to produce a wave having a particular shape, the shape
having a definite relation to the control wave.
See the Search Class notes below for classifications for appropriate
waveform or wave shape determinative or pulse producing systems
and for miscellaneous nonlinear active device converting, shaping
or generating circuits wherein a single electrical source is not
coupled to a single electrical load.
Also see the Search Class notes below for differentiating and
integrating networks of the passive type, and for wave shaping networks
of the passive type in general.
b. Filters:
Filter network which are designed to transmit freely, electrical
energy of a particular frequency or range of frequencies while to
attenuate substantially electrical energy of another frequency or
range of frequencies are found elsewhere. See References to OTher
Classes, below, for Lines and Networks which include frequency conversion.
c. Wave Transmission Systems:
Wave transmission systems wherein wave shaping occurs for
facilitating transmission or correcting for distortion of electrical
waves are provided for elsewhere. See References to Other Classes
below referencing this section.
F. CONVERTER STRUCTURE
This class provides for the electrical system as distinguished
from the structure of the device which may be used in or as part
of the system. For the structure of such converting devices, see
References to Other Classes, below.
The following SEARCH CLASS references contain art related
to main subject matter of this class (363). The parenthetical references
at the end of SEARCH CLASS note indicate the topical subject area.
RELATED ART
See References To Other Classes below for the following related
art areas.
Amplifiers
Battery Charging Systems
Car Systems
Condenser Charging Systems
Consumable Electrode Systems
Current Magnitude Control Systems
Demodulators
Dynamoelectric Machine
Dynamotor Structure
Electric Communication Systems
Electric Measuring Systems
Electric Space Discharge Devices
Electrochemistry
Electrocuting Vermin
Electronic Tube Structure
Electronic Tube Systems
Filters
Furnaces: Electric
Generator Structure
Generator Systems
Harmonic Generator Systems
Heating Systems, Electric
Lamp Systems
Modulators
Motor Systems
Music
Oscillators
Phase Control Systems
Plural Input and/or Output Systems
Pulsing Systems
Railroad Locomotives, Electric
Rectifier Element Structure
Rotary Converter Structure
Signaling Systems
Surgery: Electrical applications
Switching Systems
Telegraph SYstems
Telephone Systems
Testing Systems
Thermocouples or Thermal Batteries
Voltage Magnitude Control Systems
Wave MOde Converters
Wave Transmission Systems
X-Ray Systems Supplied By Rectifiers
SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 1+, | where the output of an oscillator is rectified, the
overall system is a conversion system for this class (363). |
| 156, | for systems having a single phase source circuit where
impedances are used to produce a polyphase output. |
SECTION IV - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 43, | Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying,
subclasses 98+ and 112 for arrangements wherein such electrocuting
devices are supplied by conversion systems. (Electrocuting Vermin) |
| 84, | Music,
subclasses 672 through 677for electrical tone generators which include conversion systems
as a part thereof. (Music) |
| 105, | Railway Rolling Stock,
subclasses 49+ for electric motor driven locomotives which may include
a conversion system for converting the electrical energy supplied
by the trolley to a form having characteristics suitable for the motor.
(Railroad Locomotives, Electric) |
| 136, | Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric,
subclasses 200+ . (Thermocouples Or Thermal Batteries) |
| 178, | Telegraphy, appropriate subclasses for telegraph systems which
may include conversion systems as subcombinations thereof. (Electric Communication
Systems) |
| 178, | Telegraphy, has a number of subclasses with pulse
producing systems. In Class 178, the pulses are usually representative
of a telegraph code. Some of the systems relate to the 5 unit code
where marking (a pulse) and spacing (no pulse) are used to code
information. This class provides for such pulse forming systems
and devices where a perforated tape or other automatic means controls
the production of the pulses. This class also provides for such
code pulses where a keyboard is used to produce the pulses. See
this class for miscellaneous telegraph systems using pulsating currents.
(see Lines With Other Classes, Conversion Systems Not in This Class, "Pulse Forming Circuits" above) |
| 200, | Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, appropriate subclasses for switches used as rectifier elements;
particularly note
subclasses 19.01+ for periodic switches. (Rectifier Element Structure) |
| 204, | Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate subclasses for arrangements wherein
chemical processes are supplied with electrical energy by a conversion
system. (Electrochemistry) |
| 219, | Electric Heating, appropriate subclasses for electric
heating systems supplied by conversion systems. (Heating Systems, Electric) |
| 246, | Railway Switches and Signals, appropriate subclasses for railway signaling systems
which may include conversion systems as subcombinations thereof. |
| 250, | Radiant Energy,
subclasses 458+ for signaling communication systems utilizing fluorescent
or phosphorescent detectors. |
| 250, | Radiant Energy,
subclass 250 for radio and microwave absorption wavemeters.
(Electric Measuring Systems) |
| 257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes), appropriate subclasses for devices which may be used as
rectifiers, including
subclasses 107 through 181for regenerative type devices (e.g., thyristors). |
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 9.1+ for systems wherein the electrical equipment of
a railroad car such as lights, air conditioning apparatus, etc.,
are supplied with electrical energy through a converter. (Car Systems) |
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
contains patents for such pulse producing systems. (see Lines With
Other Classes, Conversion Systems Not in This Class, "Pulse Forming Circuits" above) |
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 110 for systems wherein a plurality of condensers are
charged in parallel and discharged in series to produce a high voltage,
and wherein there is no conversion. (Condenser Charging Systems) |
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 106+ accepts class appropriate waveform or wave shape
determinative or pulse producing systems. (see Lines With Other
Classes, "Systems Not Included In This Class-Wave-shaping
Systems" above) |
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 43+ for systems where a circuit is energized by a plurality
of sources of supply. (Generator Systems) |
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 112+ for class appropriate transmission or interconnection
switching systems, and subclass 132 for repetitive make and break
systems. (Switching Systems) |
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 11+ for systems having a plurality of load devices
in either single or plural output circuits. (See Lines With Other Classes,
Load in Output Circuit, Particular Load Device.) |
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 11+ and subclasses 43+ are the generic subclasses
for plural output and plural input circuits, respectively. (See
Lines With Other Classes, "Conversion Systems Having Plural
Input and/or Plural Output Circuits," above.) |
| 310, | Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
subclass 138 for dynamotor structure. (Dynamotor Structure) |
| 310, | Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, appropriate subclasses for the structure of electrical
generators and motors and subcombinations thereof, not elsewhere
classified. (Generator Structure) |
| 310, | Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
subclasses 129+ for rotary converter structure. (Rotary Converter
Structure) |
| 313, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate subclasses for the structure of electronic tubes.
(Electronic Tube Structure) |
| 314, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable
Electrodes, appropriate subclasses for converter system supplied
arc lamps, arc welders, etc. (Consumable Electrode Systems) |
| 314, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable
Electrodes, appropriate subclasses for conversion system supplied
consumable electrode lamp systems. (Lamp Systems) |
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
provides in many of the subclasses for systems using gas or vapor
tubes which operate so that the energy passes through the gas tube in
pulses of energy. These systems are closely analogous to the oscillation
generators in Class 331, appropriate subclasses. See the reference to
the Gas Or Vapor Tube Systems in Class 315 and the Conversion Systems
in This Class (363). (see Lines With Other Classes, Conversion
Systems Not in This Class, "Pulse Forming Circuits" above) |
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
subclasses 88+ where the system includes means to substitute one
electronic tube for another when the electronic tube becomes inoperative
by reason of some defect or failure to operate properly; subclasses
129+ where the system includes a signal indicator or alarm
for indicating some condition of the system; and subclasses 194+ where
the phase shifting means to control the current or potential applied
to the control (grid circuit); subclasses 137+ where polyphase
current is supplied to the tube or tubes (note subclass 138 where
single phase is changed to polyphase which is applied to the tube
to tubes); subclasses 246+ where alternating current is
supplied to one or more tubes; subclasses 227+ for systems
having a condenser in the supply circuit. Many of the systems in
subclasses 227+ include relaxation circuits (L-C R-C). Note
especially subclasses 241+ where the condenser is connected
in shunt to the tube so as to supply pulses of energy to the tube.
In subclass 229 will be found plural tube systems having a commutating
condenser where the system inherently converts D.C. to A.C. Similar
systems using tubes with a plurality of anodes or cathodes with
a commutating condenser are in subclass 235. Subclass 323 provides
for miscellaneous systems for sequentially starting a plurality
of gas or vapor tubes. So-called ring circuits are an example of such
systems. The search should extend for any particular type of system
to the appropriate subclass noted in the search notes to subclass 323.
(see Lines With Other Classes, "The Gas Or Vapor Tube Systems
In Class 315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, etc." above) |
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
for gas or vapor tube systems. See Lines WIth Other Classes, above. (Electronic Tube Systems) |
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
gas or vapor tube systems analogous to oscillators. See Lines With
Other Classes, above. (Oscillators) |
| 318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate subclasses for electric motor systems, which
include conversion means. (Motor Systems) |
| 320, | Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or Discharging, appropriate subclass for the use of electric power
conversion in a battery or capacitor charging or discharging system.
(Battery Charging Systems) |
| 320, | Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or Discharging,
subclasses 166+ for miscellaneous capacitor charging or discharging
systems. (Condenser Charging Systems) |
| 322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems,
subclass 1.5 for systems which include electricity-heat-electricity
conversion. (Lines With Other Classes. "Conversion Systems
not Included in This Class." above) |
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 220 through 354for current and/or voltage magnitude control
systems. See Lines With Other Classes, above. (Current Magnitude
Control Systems) |
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 212 through 219, subclasses indented under "Phase Control",
for phase control systems of general application. (Phase Control
Systems) |
| 324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing, is the miscellaneous class of electrical measuring and testing.
Note
subclasses 76.41+ for frequency measurement using frequency conversion;
subclass 85 for phase comparison using frequency conversion; and
subclasses 118, 119, and 120 for electric metering using current
conversion. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous electron
tube circuits and see the class definition search notes also. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems,
subclasses 365+ for miscellaneous gating circuits analogous to
mechanical switching. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems,
subclasses 291+ for miscellaneous pulse or clock generating circuits.
(See Lines With Other Classes, Pulse Forming Circuits.) |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems,
subclasses 100+ accepts miscellaneous nonlinear active device converting,
shaping or generating circuits wherein a single electrical source
is not coupled to a single electrical load. (see Lines With Other
Classes, "Systems Not Included In This Class-Wave-shaping
Systems" above) |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, if the frequency of the output circuit in
such electronic tube systems is a submultiple of the frequency applied
to the control circuit, classification is in Class 327. Also included
in Class 327 are miscellaneous nonlinear active device frequency control
circuits (including mixers and multipliers) having a configuration
other than a single source coupled to a single electrical load.
(Lines With Other Classes, C, "Conversion Systems not Included in
This Class.") |
| 329, | Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for appropriate subclasses
for rectifiers used in demodulators (Demodulators) |
| 330, | Amplifiers, for amplifiers. (Amplifiers) |
| 331, | Oscillators, for self-controlled oscillatory circuits which have an
alternating current source of supply classified as oscillation generators where
there is no definite relation between the frequency of the source
circuit and the frequency of the output circuit;
subclasses 111+ , 129+, and 143+ also includes
oscillators using resistance-inductance and resistance-capacity circuits
(e.g., relaxation oscillators) which are self-controlled. (Lines
With Other Classes "Conversion Systems not Included in
This Class, Converting Direct to Alternating Current" ) |
| 331, | Oscillators,
subclass 53 for cascaded oscillator systems of the frequency
multiplying type, and subclasses 76 and 77 for oscillators combined with
output coupling networks of the harmonic, producing or selecting
type; subclass 71 for a Self-controlled oscillatory circuits which have
an alternating current source of supply where there is no definite
relation between the frequency of the source circuit and the frequency
of the output circuit. (Lines With Other Classes, Conversion Systems
not Included in This Class., "Harmonic Generators, Frequency Multipliers" and "Oscillators
with Alternating Power Supply") |
| 332, | Modulators, for systems including a pulse generator
and means to modulate the pulse with intelligence. (See Lines With
Other Classes, "Pulse Forming Circuits".) |
| 333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclass 21 for wave mode converters. (Wave Mode Converters) |
| 333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, includes wave transmission systems wherein wave shaping
occurs for facilitating transmission or correcting for distortion
of electrical waves; see
subclass 14 for amplitude compression and expansion systems;
subclasses 15 and 16, respectively, for pilot line and current control
systems wherein compensation occurs for changes in a transmission
line"s impedance characteristics; subclass 28 for equalizers
of the passive type which modify the attenuation or attenuation
and phase characteristics over a frequency range of the energy passing
therethrough, and subclasses 138+ for passive networks
for retarding wave energy a predetermined period of time over a
range of frequencies; subclasses 25+ for passive networks
for balanced to unbalanced circuit conversion; subclasses 236+ for
long transmission lines which may be balanced; subclasses 4+ for plural
channel systems which include balanced circuits. (see Lines With
Other Classes, "Systems Not Included In This Class--Wave
Transmission Systems) |
| 333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclass 19 provides for differentiating and integrating networks
of the passive type, and subclass 20 provides for wave shaping networks
of the passive type in general. (see Lines With Other Classes, "Systems
Not Included In This Class--Wave-shaping Systems" above) |
| 333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclasses 167+ for filter network which are designed to transmit
freely, electrical energy of a particular frequency or range of
frequencies while to attenuate substantially electrical energy of
another frequency or range of frequencies; subclasses 24, 245+ and
248+ for Lines and Networks which include frequency conversion.
(see Lines With Other Classes, "Systems Not Included In
This Class--Filters" above) |
| 335, | Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets,
subclasses 87+ for vibrator type electromagnetic switches. |
| 340, | Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclass for signaling systems which
may include conversion systems as subcombinations thereof. |
| 340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 287+ for signal box electric signaling systems having means
for transmitting a train of pulse signals. The pulses are usually
formed by making and breaking a circuit. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Pulse
Forming Circuits".) |
| 341, | Coded Data Generation or Conversion,
subclasses 20+ and 173+ for a pulse code transmitter.
(See Lines With Other Classes, Pulse Forming Circuits.) |
| 342, | Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems
and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation) appropriate subclasses for radar
and directive radio systems which may include conversion systems
as subcombinations thereof. |
| 361, | Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclass 436 for the structure of rectifier elements of the
electrolytic type. |
| 361, | Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 93.1+ for safety systems involving circuit interruption,
subclasses 160+ for relay and electromagnetic switching
systems, and subclasses 245+ for polarity reversing systems. |
| 373, | Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, appropriate subclasses for electric furnaces which
may be supplied by conversion systems. (Furnaces, Electric) |
| 378, | X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices,
subclasses 101+ . (X-Ray Systems Supplied By Rectifiers) |
| 379, | Telephonic Communications, appropriate subclasses for telegraphy systems which
may include conversion systems as subcombinations thereof. |
| 379, | Telephonic Communications,
subclasses 362+ for pulse producing systems with converting means
for use in telephone cell transmitter systems. (See Lines With
Other Classes, Pulse Forming Circuits.) |
| 398, | Optical Communications, various subclasses for light wave communications. |
| 607, | Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application,
subclass 1 for arrangements for supplying electricity to the
body. These arrangements require electric currents having particular
characteristics and it is usual for them to include conversion systems
as subcombinations. (Surgery, Electrical Applications) |
SECTION V - GLOSSARY
ALTERNATING CURRENT
Alternating current includes pulsating current which
is of such a character as to have the characteristics of alternating
current (e.g., such as to be applied to the primary of a transformer
to produce alternating current in the secondary).
AUTOMATIC CONTROL
Includes means for sensing the existence of, the magnitude
of, or a deviation of a predetermined condition, e.g., the existence,
magnitude or change of temperature voltage, etc., combined with
means for initiating the operation of a controlled means to perform
a controlling operation.
CHOPPER
A device for interrupting current at regular intervals.
CONTROL
Includes either the maintenance of a condition at a predetermined
value or the variation of a condition from one value to another.
CONVERSION
This class (363), includes only the following: (1) Changing
alternating current to direct current (rectification); (2) Changing
direct current to alternating current (inverting); (3) Systems having
means for performing a combination of the conversions of (1) and
(2) above so that the input and output current are of the same character,
but the system includes intermediate means to convert the current
to a different character (e.g., A.C. to D.C. to A.C.); (4) Changing
the frequency of alternating current from one frequency to a different
frequency; (5) Changing electrical energy having one number phases
to a different number of phases; (6) Combination of any of the above.
CURRENT CONVERSION
The transformation of electrical energy from alternating current
to direct current or the transformation of direct current to alternating
current.
CURRENT OR VOLTAGE MAGNITUDE CONTROL
Includes controlling either the amplitude of the current or
voltage, or controlling the average or effective value of the current
or voltage, even though the amplitude is not controlled.
DIRECT CURRENT
Direct current includes pulsating current which is of such
character as to have the characteristics of direct current (e.g.,
such as the output of half-wave rectifier which may be smoothed
by filters to produce a substantially nonpulsating current).
DYNAMOELECTRIC MACHINE
A device for converting electrical energy into mechanical
energy or mechanical energy into electrical energy or combinations
thereof which involve electromagnetic induction. (Also see particular
type).
DYNAMOTOR
Also called a rotary converter or synchronous inverter.
A rotating device for changing a D.C. voltage to another value.
It is a combination electric motor and D.C. generator with two
or more armature windings and a common set of field poles. One
armature winding receives the direct current and rotates (thus operating
as a motor), while the others generate the required voltage (and
thus operate as dynamos or generators).
ELECTRICAL SPACE DISCHARGE DEVICE
An apparatus which is intended to have an electrical current
flow between two spaced electrodes, at least part of the current
path being constituted by a gas vapor or vacuum. "Electronic
tube" is used as the name for an electric space discharge
device in this class. Included are discharge devices which operate
in the open, i.e., not in an enclosed envelope.
ELECTRONIC TUBE
An electrical space discharge device.
ELECTRIC SOURCE CIRCUIT
The circuit designed to be connected to a source of electric
energy.
FREQUENCY CONVERSION
The transformation of electrical energy having a first frequency
to electrical energy having a second frequency.
IMPEDANCE
Includes an inductance, or a capitance, or a resistance, or
any combination thereof, and excludes any source of electrical energy.
LINE CIRCUIT
The main power path between the source and the load.
PHASE CONVERSION
The transformation of electrical energy having one number
of phases to electrical energy having another number of phases.
PULSATING CURRENT
A nonuniform electron flow which varies periodically but
does not reverse its direction.
SEMICONDUCTOR
A solid or liquid electronic conductor, with resistivity between
that of metals and that of insulators in which the electrical charge
carrier concentration increases with increasing temperature over
some temperature range. Over most of the practical temperature
range, the resistance has a negative temperature coefficient. Certain semiconductors
possess two types of carriers, negative electrons and positive holes.
The charge carriers are usually electrons, but there may be also
some ionic conductivity.
THYRISTOR
A bistable device comprising three or more junctions.
At least one of the junctions can switch between reverse and forward-voltage
polarity within a single quadrant of the anode-to-cathode voltage-current
characteristics. Used in a generic sense to include silicon controlled
rectifiers and gate-control switches as well as multilayer two-
terminal devices.
TRANSFORMER:
An electrical device which transfers electrical energy from
one circuit to another circuit at the same frequency solely by electrical
induction.
TRANSISTORS:
An active semiconductor device usually made of silicon or
germanium, having three or more electrodes. The three main electrodes
used are the emitter, base, and collector. Conduction is by means
of electrons (elementary particles having the smallest negative
electrical charge that can exist) and holes (mobile electron vacancies equivalent
to a positive charge).
VIBRATOR
A circuit interrupter that has a movable conducting member
which moves between contacts for converting D.C. to A.C. or A.C.
to D.C.
SUBCLASSES
![[List of Patents for class 363 subclass 1]](../ps.gif) 1 | CASCADED OR COMBINED, DIVERSE CONVERSIONS IN WHICH THE
FREQUENCY OR PHASE OR COMBINED CONVERSION IS WITHOUT INTERMEDIATE
CONVERSION TO D.C.: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein different types of conversions are
cascaded or combined without intermediate conversion to D.C.
| | (1)
Note. The conversions must be of the type classifiable in
this class. That is, the system must be within the class definition
and include means to effect a differing sequence or combination
of at least two of the following operations: 1. Current conversion;
2. Phase conversion; 3. Frequency conversion |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 15+, | 34+, for diverse conversion with intermediate
conversion to D.C. |
|
| | |
| 5 | With interphase transformer: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter wherein an interphase transformer is provided
in the polyphase circuit.
| | (1)
Note. See subclass 64 for definition of an interphase transformer. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 64, | for current conversion systems operating without
phase conversion which include an interphase transformer. |
|
| | |
| 6 | Including plural anode/single cathode device: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Subject matter wherein the system includes a device having
multiple anodes, but only a single cathode.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 66, | for current conversion systems including plural
anode/single cathode devices; and subclass 168 for frequency
conversion systems including plural anode/single cathode
devices. |
|
| | |
| 7 | With dynamic rectifier in phase 2 to D.C. stage (e.g.,
commutator type): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter wherein a dynamic rectifier is provided for
converting the phase 2 A.C. to D.C.
| | (1)
Note. A dynamic converter is a converter having mechanical
moving parts. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 102+, | for dynamoelectric machine current conversion. |
| 108, | for current conversion by circuit interrupter, rotating
rectifier type conversion systems. |
|
| | |
| 8 | Current and frequency (e.g., f1-f2-D.C.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the system includes current and frequency
conversion and frequency conversion.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for definitions
of current conversion and frequency conversion. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 13+, | for current conversion systems. |
| 157+, | for frequency conversion systems. |
|
| | |
| 9 | Combined phase and frequency conversion (i.e., Ph1f1-Ph2f2): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the system includes phase and frequency
conversion.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition Glossary, for definitions
of phase conversion and frequency conversion. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 148+, | for phase conversion systems. |
| 157+, | for frequency conversion systems. |
|
| | |
| 10 | By semiconductor device converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter wherein the converter means includes a semiconductor
device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 159+, | for frequency conversion by semiconductor converter. |
|
| | |
| 11 | By electron tube converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter wherein the converter means includes an electron
tube device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 151, | for phase conversion by electron tube converter. |
| 166, | for frequency conversion by electron tube converter. |
|
| | |
| 12 | By saturable reactor converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter wherein the converter means includes a saturable
reactor device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 91+, | for current conversion with saturable reactor control
means in the line current. |
|
| | |
| 13 | CURRENT CONVERSION: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the conversion system includes means
to convert alternating current to direct current or direct current
to alternating current.
| | (1)
Note. The conversion systems included in this and the indented
subclasses are the current conversion systems as defined in the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. In the communication arts, there are many different
conversion systems which are, in fact, converters of D.C. to A.C.
or vice versa. A partial list of such converters includes oscillators,
detectors, amplifiers, demodulators, etc. See the class definition,
Lines With Other Classes, for more detailed discussion of the conversion
systems not included in this class. See the class definition, References
to Other Classes, for a listing of the related art. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 1+, | for current conversion systems cascaded or combined
with frequency or phase converters without intermediate conversion
to D.C. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 331, | Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for self-sustaining electric
wave generating systems for converting direct current to alternating
current. |
| 378, | X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices,
subclasses 101+ for X-ray tube energizing circuits which may include
circuit interrupter type converters. |
|
| | |
| 14 | Cryogenic: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the conversion system is operated
at temperatures near absolute zero.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 141, | for current conversion systems with noncryogenic
cooling means. |
|
| | |
| 15 | Including D.C.-A.C.-D.C. converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter including a means for changing a source
of direct current to an intermediate alternating current (i.e.,
inverter), and an additional means for changing said intermediate alternating
current to a direct-current output (i.e., rectifier).
| | (1)
Note. Chopper-type converters are classified in this or indented
subclasses. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 52+, | 67+, 76+, 81+, 84+,
108+, 114+, and 125+, for single stage
A.C.-D.C. systems. |
| 55+, | 71+, 95+, 109, 120+,
131+, and 135+, for single stage D.C.-A.C. systems. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclass 118 for amplifiers of the type described below under
Class 330, when claimed in combination with a meter. |
| 330, | Amplifiers,
subclass 10 for amplifier systems for D.C. amplification which have
a modulator means to convert D.C. to A.C., and A.C. amplifier and demodulator
means to detect the D.C. signal for feeding to the load. See the search
notes thereunder. |
|
| | |
| 16 | Having transistorized inverter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter wherein the inverter includes a switch
means for interrupting, at regular intervals, current supplied from
said source of direct current, and further wherein said switch means
comprises an active, three-electrode semiconductor (i.e., transistor).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 27, | for a D.C.-A.C.-D.C. converter wherein the switch
means is a thyristor (e.g., SCR, etc.). |
| 29, | for a D.C.-A.C.-D.C. converter wherein the switch
means is an electron tube. |
| 32, | for a D.C.-A.C.-D.C. converter wherein switch means
is a rotary commutator. |
| 33, | for a D.C.-A.C.-D.C. converter wherein the switch
means is a vibrator-type inverter. |
| 80, | 97-98 and 131, for single stage D.C.- A.C. conversion
by transistorized inverter means. |
|
| | |
| 17 | Bridge type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter in which the inverter consists of either
two transistors and two capacitors or four transistors in a bridge
configuration.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 98, | for transistorized bridge-type conversion means
with transistor control means in the line circuit. |
| 132, | for single stage D.C.-A.C. conversion by transistorized
bridge-type conversion means. |
|
| | |
| 18 | Single ended self-oscillating type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter in which one transistor switch means automatically
operates to consecutively and periodically couple the source to
an inductive device.
| | (1)
Note. The inductive device may be a swinging choke or the
primary winding of a power transformer. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 20, | for single ended separately driven type. |
| 30, | for single ended electron tube type. |
|
| | |
| 20 | Single ended separately driven type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter wherein the inverter further includes an
inductive device (e.g., transformer winding, etc.) connected to
receive source current conducted by said transistor switch means, and
switch control means for controlling conduction and non-conduction
of said transistor switch means (i.e., at said regular intervals)
in a manner that passes conducted current through said inductive
device in only one direction.
| | (1)
Note. The inductive device may be a swinging choke or the
primary winding of a power transformer. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 18, | for single ended self-oscillating type transistorized
inverters. |
| 30, | for single ended tube type transistorized inverters. |
|
| | |
| 21.02 | For resonant-type converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.01. Subject matter wherein the inverter includes an LC tank
circuit coupled to receive D.C. source current conducted through
said transistor switching means.
| | (1)
Note. The inductive device (e.g., transformer winding, etc.)
of the inverter is commonly coupled with a capacitor to form the
LC tank circuit, whereby action of the transistor switching means
is utilized to pump energy into the tank circuit. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 18, | for a converter that includes a single-ended transistor
inverter of the self-oscillating type. |
| 21.04, | for a forward-type converter that includes a single-ended,
separately-driven transistor inverter. |
| 21.12, | for a flyback-type converter that includes a single-ended,
separately-driven transistor inverter. |
|
| | |
| 21.04 | For forward-type converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.01. Subject matter wherein the means for changing intermediate
alternating current to a direct-current output is constructed and
arranged, with respect to the inductive device of the inverter, to
output direct-current when the transistor switch means is conductive.
| | (1)
Note. The means for changing intermediate alternating current
to a direct-current output is commonly a rectifier coupled to a
secondary winding of a transformer (where the primary winding constitutes
the inductive device of the inverter), and the rectifier is oriented with
respect to the "dot" convention of the transformer to allow current
to flow through the secondary (and rectifier) via induction, due
to primary current, when the transistor switch means is turned on (in
contrast to a flyback-type converter, wherein energy stored in the
during primary conduction of the transistor switching means is inductively
coupled to the secondary during primary-field decay when the transistor
switch means is turned off). |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.02, | for a resonant-type converter that includes a single-ended,
separately-driven transistor inverter. |
| 21.12, | for a flyback-type converter that includes a single-ended,
separately-driven transistor inverter. |
|
| | |
| 21.05 | Having digital logic: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.04. Subject matter wherein the switch control means includes
means to process coded data that is in a discrete, discontinuous
(i.e., digital) form.
| | (1)
Note: Implicit in the above definition is the requirement
that the data be processed via an instruction set in some manner
-- e.g., manipulated, converted, etc. -- while in the digital domain,
either by hardware or software or both, as opposed to mere threshold
detection of amplitude level (e.g., a mere latch, etc.). |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 1.13, | for utilization of digital logic in the swich control
means of a flyback-type converter. |
|
| | |
| 21.06 | Having synchronous rectifier: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.04. Subject matter wherein the means for changing the intermediate
alternating current to a direct-current output (i.e., rectifier)
includes a switchable element (e.g., MOSFET, etc.), and means for
controlling conduction of said switchable element in functional
relation to the switching of the inverter"s transistor
switch means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.14, | for synchronous rectification in a flyback-type
converter. |
|
| | |
| 21.07 | Having feedback isolation (e.g., opto-isolator, transformer
coupled, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.04. Subject matter further including means for obtaining a
signal indicative of a condition under the control of the means
for regulating (i.e., feedback signal), and means for communicating
said signal to the means for regulating, wherein said means for
communicating includes means for preventing direct electrical (i.e.,
ohmic) conduction between said means for obtaining and said means
for regulating.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.15, | for use of feedback isolation in a flyback-type
converter. |
|
| | |
| 21.08 | Having feedback winding inductively coupled to inverter
inductive device (e.g., tertiary winding, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.04. Subject matter further including an electrical coil means
(i.e., feedback winding) wound around a magnetic circuit portion
of the inductive device of the inverter for outputting a signal
to the means for regulating, and further wherein said feedback winding
is separate and distinct from any winding that carries load current.
| | (1)
Note. The feedback winding is commonly wound on a portion
of a magnetic core shared by the inductor of the inverter, where
the inductor is commonly the primary winding of a transformer. |
| | (2)
Note. The signal from the feedback winding is commonly utilized
to indicate load current. [However, see (3)Note.] |
| | (3)
Note. When a feedback signal is obtained from a winding that
supplies load current, the winding is not considered to be a feedback
winding for this subclass. |
| | (4)
Note. The use of a winding to obtain a feedback signal is
to be distinguished from a winding (e.g., transformer, etc) utilized
to conductively isolate an "obtained" feedback signal from, for example,
the means for regulating. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.07, | for a transformer utilized for feedback isolation
in a forward-type converter. |
| 21.09, | for a feedback winding coupled to a circuit portion
other than the inductor for detecting output current in a forward-type
converter. |
| 21.15, | for a transformer utilized for feedback isolation
in a flyback-type converter. |
| 21.17, | for a feedback winding, coupled to a circuit portion
other than the inductor, for detecting output current in a flyback-type
converter. |
|
| | |
| 21.09 | Having output current feedback: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.04. Subject matter further including means for obtaining a
signal indicative of rectifier output current, and means for presenting
said signal to the means for regulating.
| | (1)
Note. A voltage obtained from a current-sensing resistor is
a signal indicative of current proper for this subclass. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.17, | for use of output current feedback in a flyback-type
converter. |
|
| | |
| 21.1 | Utilizing pulse-width modulation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.04. Subject matter wherein the switch control means includes
means to vary the conduction/non-conduction duty cycle
of the transistor switch means to control the rectifier output current
or voltage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.18, | for use of pulse-width modulation to regulate the
output current or voltage of a flyback-type converter. |
|
| | |
| 21.12 | For flyback-type converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.01. Subject matter wherein energy from the source of direct
current is stored in the inductive device of the inverter when the
transistor switch means is conductive, and further wherein the said
means for changing intermediate alternating current to a direct-current
output (i.e., rectifier) includes means for converting the stored
energy to a direct-current output when the transistor switch means
is non-conductive.
| | (1)
Note. The means for changing intermediate alternating current
to a direct-current output is commonly a rectifier coupled to a
secondary winding of a transformer (where the primary winding constitutes
the inductive device of the inverter), and the rectifier is oriented with
respect to the "dot" convention of the transformer to allow current
to flow through the secondary winding (and rectifier) via induction,
due to primary-field decay, when the transistor switch means is
turned off (in contrast to a forward-type converter, where primary
current is inductively coupled to the secondary when the transistor
switching means is turned on). |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.02, | for a resonant-type converter that includes a single-ended,
separately-driven transistor inverter. |
| 21.04, | for a forward-type converter that includes a single-ended,
separately-driven transistor inverter. |
|
| | |
| 21.13 | Having digital logic: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.12. Subject matter wherein the switch control means includes
means to process coded data that is in a discrete, discontinuous
(i.e., digital) form.
| | (1)
Note: Implicit in the above definition is the requirement
that the data be processed via an instruction set in some manner
-- e.g., manipulated, converted, etc. -- while in the digital domain,
either by hardware or software or both, as opposed to mere threshold
detection of amplitude level (e.g., a mere latch, etc.). |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.05, | for utilization of digital logic in the swich control
means of a forward-type converter. |
|
| | |
| 21.14 | Having synchronous rectifier: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.12. Subject matter wherein the means for changing the intermediate
alternating current to a direct-current output (i.e., rectifier)
includes a switchable element (e.g., MOSFET, etc.), and means for
controlling conduction of said switchable element in functional
relation to the switching of the inverter"s transistor
switch means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.06, | for synchronous rectification in a forward-type
converter. |
|
| | |
| 21.15 | Having feedback isolation (e.g., opto-isolator, transformer
coupled, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.12. Subject matter further including means for obtaining a
signal indicative of a condition under the control of the means
for regulating, and means for communicating said signal to the means
for regulating, wherein said means for communicating includes means
for preventing direct electrical (i.e., ohmic) conduction between
said means for obtaining and said means for regulating.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.07, | for use of feedback isolation in a forward-type
converter. |
|
| | |
| 21.16 | Having feedback winding inductively coupled to inverter
inductive device (e.g., tertiary winding, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.12. Subject matter further including an electrical coil means
(i.e., feedback winding) wound around a magnetic circuit portion
of the inductive device of the inverter for outputting a signal
to the means for regulating, and further wherein said feedback winding
is separate and distinct from any winding that carries load current.
| | (1)
Note. The feedback winding is commonly wound on a portion
of a magnetic core shared by the inductor of the inverter, where
the inductor is commonly the primary winding of a transformer. |
| | (2)
Note. The signal from the feedback winding is commonly utilized
to indicate load current. [However, see (3)Note.] |
| | (3)
Note. When a feedback signal is obtained from a winding that
supplies load current, the winding is not considered to be a feedback
winding for this subclass. |
| | (4)
Note. The use of a winding to obtain a feedback signal is
to be distinguished from a winding (e.g., transformer, etc) utilized
to conductively isolate an "obtained" feedback signal from, for example,
the means for regulating. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.07, | for a transformer utilized for feedback isolation
in a forward-type converter. |
| 21.09, | for a feedback winding, coupled to a circuit portion
other than the inductor, for detecting output current in a forward-type
converter. |
| 21.15, | for a transformer utilized for feedback isolation
in a flyback-type converter. |
| 21.17, | for a feedback winding coupled to a circuit portion
other than the inductor for detecting output current in a flyback-type
converter. |
|
| | |
| 21.17 | Having output current feedback: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.12. Subject matter further including means for obtaining a
signal indicative of rectifier output current, and means for presenting
said signal to the means for regulating.
| | (1)
Note. A voltage obtained from a current-sensing resistor is
a signal indicative of current proper for this subclass. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.09, | for use of output current feedback in a forward-type
converter. |
|
| | |
| 21.18 | Utilizing pulse-width modulation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21.12. Subject matter wherein the switching control means includes
means to vary the conduction/non-conduction duty cycle
of the transistor switching means to control the output current or
voltage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21.1, | for use of pulse-width modulation to regulate the
output current or voltage of a forward-type converter. |
|
| | |
| 24 | Double ended (i.e., push-pull) separately driven type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter in which an independent drive circuit controls
both the on and the off state of the transistors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 22+, | and 133, for other transistorized double ended inverters. |
| 31, | for tube type double ended inverters. 134, for single
stage transistorized double ended separately driven type inverters. |
|
| | |
| 26 | Using pulse width modulation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter wherein circuit means are included to control
the duration of the pulses that drive the transistors, which regulate
the magnitude of the output voltage or current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 41+, | for pulse modulating techniques in introducing or
eliminating frequency components to or from inverter systems. |
|
| | |
| 27 | Having thyristor inverter, (e.g., SCR): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter wherein the inverter includes a switch
means for interrupting, at regular intervals, current supplied from
said source of direct current, wherein said switching means comprises
a bistable semiconductor means having three or more junctions (e.g.,
thyristor, etc.).
| | (1)
Note. Examples of these devices are the silicon controlled
rectifier (SCR), the gate controlled switch (SCS), or the four layer
diode. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 96, | for inverter systems with automatic control having
thyristor control means in the line circuit. |
| 135+, | for single stage thyristor inverter systems. |
|
| | |
| 29 | Having electron tube inverter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter in which the D.C.-A.C. conversion is performed
by circuitry utilizing electron tubes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 38, | and 120+, for other inverters utilizing electron
tubes. |
|
| | |
| 30 | Single ended type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Subject matter in which one electronic tube is repeatedly
and periodically coupled to an inductive device.
| | (1)
Note. The inductive device may be a swinging choke or the
primary winding of a power transformer. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 18+, | for single ended transistorized self- oscillating
type inverters. |
| 20+, | for single ended transistorized separately driven
type inverters. |
|
| | |
| 31 | Double ended type (i.e., push-pull): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Subject matter in which two electronic tubes are alternately
and periodically coupled to opposite terminals of a center-tapped
primary winding of a power transformer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 22+, | for double ended transistorized self- oscillating
type inverters. |
| 24+, | for double ended transistorized separately driven
type inverters. |
|
| | |
| 32 | Rotary-commutator-type inverter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter in which the conversion is performed mechanically
utilizing rotating, arcuate segments.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 109, | for other rotary-type inverters. |
|
| | |
| 33 | Vibrator-type inverter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter in which the conversion is performed by a
vibrator.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for definition
of vibrator. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 110, | for other vibrator-type inverters. |
|
| | |
| 34 | Including an A.C.-D.C.-A.C. converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter including a first stage with means to change
alternating current to intermediate direct current, and a further
second stage with means to change the intermediate direct current
to alternating current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 52+, | 61, 67+, 84+, 108, 114+,
and 125, for A.C. to D.C. single current conversion systems. |
|
| | |
| 36 | For change of phase (e.g., number of phases): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter wherein there is a phase conversion with
an intermediate conversion to D.C.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 2+, | 9+ and 148+, for phase conversion without
intermediate conversion to D.C. |
|
| | |
| 37 | By semiconductor rectifier and inverter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter which includes semiconductor converting elements
in both this rectifier and the inverter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 10, | 16+ and 27+, for converters which both
rectify and invert, and utilize semiconductor elements to perform the
inverting conversion. |
| 53+, | 61, 67+, 77, and 125+, for semiconductor
rectifier systems. |
| 56.01, | 131-134, and 135, for semiconductor inverter systems. |
|
| | |
| 38 | By electron tube rectifier and inverter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter which includes electron tubes as the converting
elements in both the rectifier and the inverter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 27+, | for current converters which both invert and rectify
having electron tube inverter. |
| 114, | for electron tube rectifier systems. |
| 120+, | for electron tube inverter systems. |
|
| | |
| 39 | With means to introduce or eliminate frequency components: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the system includes means for introducing
a desired harmonic frequency into the system or filtering an undesired frequency
component from the system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 3 for systems in which currents of different frequency
or phase are superimposed thereon; and subclass 73 for systems having
plural supply circuits of different frequency; also, subclass 105
for systems with harmonic filters or neutralizers. |
| 329, | Demodulators,
subclasses 318+ for undesired signal removal from a frequency demodulator
and subclasses 349+ for undesired signal removal from an
amplitude demodulator. |
| 332, | Modulators, appropriate subclasses for systems wherein a single
wave controls a base fundamental or carrier wave to produce a resultant
modulated wave. |
| 333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclasses 167+ for wave filter networks. |
|
| | |
| 41 | By pulse modulation technique (e.g. PWM, PPM, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter wherein each half cycle of the basic inverter
frequency is divided into two or more pulses in accordance with
a modulating waveform.
| | (1)
Note. The most common technique in this subclass is pulse
width modulation. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 265+ for systems having signal shaping, converting or
generating means with pulse width control. |
|
| | |
| 42 | Including notching: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Subject matter wherein "Notches" are produced
in the inverted waveform by temporarily applying opposite discrete
voltages from that which dominates during the waveform cycle. |
| | |
| 43 | By step-wave, amplitude summation technique: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter in which a plurality of square waves are
selectively combined to provide stepped waveform approaching a sine
wave.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 107 for inverters with waveform or wave shape determining
systems. |
|
| | |
| 45 | Including means for reducing ripples from the output: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter wherein the means reduce the ripple from
the output D.C. line.
| | (1)
Note. The most usual means in this subclass is a low pass
filter used to eliminate ripple from the D.C. line. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclass 181 for filters of the smoothing type, e.g., direct
current power supply filters. |
|
| | |
| 47 | With low-pass L or LC filter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Subject matter wherein a low pass inductor or inductor-capacitor
filter is used to reduce the ripple.
| | (1)
Note. The filter may be integral with or on the output side
of the rectifier. | |
| | |
| 50 | Including automatic or integral protection means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter including means which are automatically responsive
to an abnormal or unsafe condition and either disables the system or
corrects the abnormal or unsafe condition.
| | (1)
Note. Examples of the conditions to which the systems of
this subclass are responsive are: arc back, flash over, excess
heating, short circuit, open ground, input voltage failure, failure
of an element of the system, excess overload and underload. |
| | (2)
Note. The abnormal or unsafe condition may be in the converter
device or in any other part of the system. |
| | (3)
Note. An example of the integral protection means is a zener
diode which responds to an overload condition. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 635+ for electrical apparatus condition responsive means. |
| 361, | Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 1+ for safety and protection of general systems and devices,
subclasses 91.1+ for overvoltage protection, and 93.1+ for abnormal
current protection. |
|
| | |
| 52 | For rectifiers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein the systems for which protection
is provided is an A.C. to D.C. converter. |
| | |
| 54 | Thyristor: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Subject matter wherein the semiconductor device is a "Thyristor".
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes),
subclasses 107 through 181for regenerative type devices, including thyristors. |
|
| | |
| 55 | For inverters: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein the system for which protection is
provided is a D.C. to A.C. converter. |
| | |
| 56.01 | Transistor inverter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 55. Subject matter wherein said D.C. to A.C. converter includes
switch means for interrupting, at regular intervals, current from
the supply of said D.C., wherein said switch means comprises an
active, three-electrode, semiconductor (i.e., transistor). |
| | |
| 56.02 | Bridge type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 56.01. Subject matter wherein said switch means includes a series-connected
pair of transistors connected across said supply of D.C., and further
wherein the series-connection point of the series-connected pair
is the A.C. output of said converter.
| | (1)
Note. The bridge can be a half-wave or full-wave type (one
or two pairs of transistors, respectively), and commonly includes
multiple pairs for multiple phases of A.C., wherein each phase is derived
from the series-connection point of a separate and distinct pair
of series-connected transistors. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 56.06, | for protection means in a double-ended transistor
inverter. |
| 56.09, | for protection means in a single-ended transistor
inverter. |
| 56.12, | for transient protection means (e.g., snubber, etc.)
in an unspecified transistor inverter. |
|
| | |
| 56.03 | Having current protection (e.g., over current, short, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 56.02. Subject matter including protection from an abnormal or
unsafe current condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 56.07, | for current protection means in a double-ended transistor
inverter. |
| 56.1, | for current protection means in a single-ended transistor
inverter. |
| 56.12, | for transient protection means (e.g., snubber, etc.)
in an unspecified transistor inverter. |
|
| | |
| 56.05 | Having voltage protection: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 56.02. Subject matter including protection from an abnormal or
unsafe voltage condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 56.08, | for voltage protection means in a double-ended transistor
inverter. |
| 56.11, | for voltage protection means in a single-ended transistor
inverter. |
| 56.12, | for transient protection means (e.g., snubber, etc.)
in an unspecified transistor inverter. |
|
| | |
| 56.06 | Double-ended type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 56.01. Subject matter wherein the inverter further includes an
inductive device (e.g., transformer winding, etc.) having first
and second opposite ends and a tap between said ends, and said transistor
switch means includes means for conducting and interrupting, at
regular intervals, direct current from each opposite end to said
tap -- or from said tap to each end -- and further wherein said
transistor switch means interrupts current through one of said opposite ends
while conducting current through the opposite end, in an alternating
sequence.
| | (1)
Note. The inductor device is commonly a center-tapped winding
of a transformer, which provides for balanced operation in the winding. |
| | (2)
Note. The switch means may supply either:
| | (a)
opposite polarities of D.C. to opposite ends of the inductive
device, respectively, where there is a common tap (e.g., grounded
center tap, etc.); or, |
| | (a)
alternately connect one pole of D.C. to opposite ends of
the inductive device, where the opposite pole of D.C. is connected
to a tap. | |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 56.02, | for protection means in a bridge-type transistor
inverter. |
| 56.09, | for protection means in a single-ended transistor
inverter. |
| 56.12, | for transient protection means (e.g., snubber, etc.)
in an unspecified transistor inverter. |
|
| | |
| 56.07 | Having current protection: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 56.06. Subject matter including protection from an abnormal or
unsafe current condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 56.03, | for current protection means in a bridge-type transistor
inverter. |
| 56.1, | for current protection means in a single-ended transistor
inverter. |
| 56.12, | for transient protection means (e.g., snubber, etc.)
in an unspecified transistor inverter. |
|
| | |
| 56.08 | Having voltage protection: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 56.06. Subject matter including protection from an abnormal or
unsafe voltage condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 56.05, | for voltage protection means in a bridge-type transistorized
inverter. |
| 56.11, | for voltage protection means in a single-ended transistor
inverter. |
| 56.12, | for transient protection means (e.g., snubber, etc.)
in an unspecified transistor inverter. |
|
| | |
| 56.09 | Single-ended type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 56.01. Subject matter wherein the inverter further includes an
inductive device (e.g., transformer winding, etc.) having first
and second opposite ends, and said transistor switching means includes
means for conducting said direct current from one end of said inductor
to the opposite end.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 56.02, | for protection means in a bridge-type transistor
inverter. |
| 56.06, | for protection means in a double-ended transistor
inverter. |
| 56.12, | for transient protection means (e.g., snubber, etc.)
in an unspecified transistor inverter. |
|
| | |
| 56.1 | Having current protection: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 56.09. Subject matter including protection from an abnormal or
unsafe current condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 56.03, | for current protection means in a bridge-type transistor
inverter. |
| 56.07, | for current protection means in a double-ended transistor
inverter. |
| 56.12, | for transient protection means (e.g., snubber, etc.)
in an unspecified transistor inverter. |
|
| | |
| 56.11 | Having voltage protection: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 56.09. Subject matter including protection from an abnormal or
unsafe voltage condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 56.05, | for voltage protection means in a bridge-type transistor
inverter. |
| 56.08, | for voltage protection means in a double-ended transistor
inverter. |
| 56.12, | for transient protection means (e.g., snubber, etc.)
in an unspecified transistor inverter. |
|
| | |
| 56.12 | Transient protection (e.g., snubber, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 56.01. Subject matter including means to prevent, dissipate,
or redirect excess energy from a voltage or current spike or overshoot
(i.e., transient).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 56.02, | for transient protection means in a transistor inverter
having a specified topology. |
|
| | |
| 57 | Thyristor: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 55. Subject matter wherein said D.C. to A.C. converter includes
a switch means for interrupting current, at regular intervals, from
the supply of said D.C., wherein said switch means comprises a bistable
semiconductor means having three or more junctions (e.g., thyristor,
etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes),
subclasses 107 through 181for regenerative type devices, including thyristors. |
|
| | |
| 58 | Bridge: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter wherein the inverter circuit is in a bridge-type
configuration and includes at least one thyristor. |
| | |
| 59 | With voltage multiplication means (i.e., V out > V
in): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein storage type device means are provided
for multiplying the voltage, so that the output voltage is a multiple
of the input voltage.
| | (1)
Note. An example of a voltage multiplier is an arrangement
wherein a plurality of condensers are charged in parallel and discharged
in series. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 110 for voltage multipliers of the type which charges
two or more capacitors in parallel and discharges them in series. |
| 320, | Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclass for series connection of voltaic
cells or capacitors in a battery or capacitor charging or discharging
system. |
|
| | |
| 62 | With voltage division by storage type impedance (i.e.,
V out >V in): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein storage type device means are provided
for dividing the voltage, so that the output voltage is a subdivision
of the input voltage.
| | (1)
Note. An example of a voltage divider is an arrangement wherein
a plurality of capacitors are charged in series and discharged in
parallel. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 109 for voltage dividers of the type which charges
two or more capacitors in series and discharges them in parallel. |
| 320, | Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclass for series connection of voltaic
cells or capacitors in a battery or capacitor charging or discharging
system. |
|
| | |
| 64 | With interphase transformer: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the conversion system is of a type
wherein polyphase alternating current is converted to direct current
or vice versa and an interphase transformer is provided in the polyphase
circuit.
| | (1)
Note. An interphase transformer is an auto transformer or
a set of mutually coupled reactors used in combination with the
converter transformers, where a plurality of transformers are used
in the line circuits to balance the distribution of current among
the converters connected to the transformer. Also, an interphase transformer
may be connected to the line circuit so as to multiply the number
of paths of the current through the converter without multiplying
the number of phases in the line circuit containing the interphase
transformers. Many of the systems having interphase transformers use
electronic tubes as the converting means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
subclass 142 for electronic tube systems of the gas or vapor
type having a polyphase source of supply for the electronic tubes,
the supply circuit including an interphase transformer. The systems
in subclass 142 of Class 315 are closely analogous to the systems
in this subclass as many of the systems in Class 315 are disclosed
as being rectifying systems. |
|
| | |
| 65 | Having plural converters for single conversion: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein a single current conversion is effected
simultaneously by a plurality of converters.
| | (1)
Note. The converters may be connected in series, in parallel,
or combinations thereof. |
| | (2)
Note. In the systems in this subclass the conversion must
be only from A.C. to D.C. or from D.C. to A.C. The ordinary full
wave rectifying systems are excluded because each half of the wave is
rectified by a separate converter, and rectifiers are alternately
effective, i.e., one half of the wave being rectified and then the
other half of the wave. Full wave systems having a plurality of
converters for each half of the alternating current wave are included.
Likewise, polyphase systems are excluded unless one or more of the
phases is provided with a plurality of converters so that a single
current conversion in a phase is effected by a plurality of converters.
Full wave and polyphase converter systems will be found in the
other subclasses of this class. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 15, | and 34+, for current conversion systems
where the system includes means to effect a plurality of current conversion.
Examples of the systems in subclasses 34+ are systems
which convert A.C. to D.C. to A.C. or which convert A.C. to D.C.
to A.C. to D.C. |
| 64, | for current conversion systems which include an
interphase transformer for multiplying the number of paths through
the converter without multiplying the number of phases. |
|
| | |
| 66 | Including plural anode and single cathode (e.g., vapor
arc device): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter wherein each converter means is an electron
tube device having more than one anode and only one cathode.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 6, | for cascaded conversion of current and phase including
at least one plural anode-single cathode device. |
| 168, | for plural anode-single cathode devices used in
frequency conversion. |
|
| | |
| 67 | Plural rectifiers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter having more than one rectifier as the conversion
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes),
subclasses 75+ for plural discrete rectifying active solid-state
devices combined with a housing. |
|
| | |
| 72 | Master-slave: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 71. Subject matter wherein one inverter is operated in a phase
shifted relationship with respect to a second inverter. |
| | |
| 73 | Constant current to constant voltage or vice versa: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the system includes means for changing
constant current to constant voltage or vice versa.
| | (1)
Note. Some exemplary arrangements for changing constant current
to constant voltage or vice versa include monocyclic networks and
networks and constant current transformers. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 220 through 354for miscellaneous current regulating systems of
the constant current type. |
|
| | |
| 74 | With condition responsive means to control the output voltage
current: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the system is provided with means
responsive to a predetermined condition which controls the voltage
and/or current magnitude of the system in response to that condition.
| | (1)
Note. The control may be accomplished by controlling any
of the following: (1) The converter supply circuit; (2.) The converter
load circuit; (3) The converter itself. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 635+ for electrical apparatus condition responsive means. |
|
| | |
| 75 | Including inductive integral sensing and control means
(e.g., ferroresonant circuit): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter wherein the system includes inductive integral
means for performing the dual functions of sensing a condition and
regulating the output voltage or current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 82, | for plural cooperating sensing and control means
for rectifier with inductive means in the line circuit. |
| 90, | for cooperating sensing and control means for rectifier
with inductive means in the line circuit. |
|
| | |
| 76 | Including integral sensing and control means for rectifier: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter wherein the system is a rectifier which includes
integral means for performing the dual functions of sensing a condition
and regulating the output voltage or current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 52+, | for integral protection means for rectifiers. |
|
| | |
| 78 | Cooperating separate sensing and control means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter wherein the system includes means to sense
a condition and to operate in conjunction with a separate means
to regulate the output voltage or current.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes those systems wherein a line
condition is compared with a standard (e.g., line voltage compared
with a standard voltage cell). Such systems are considered to be responsive
to a single condition. | |
| | |
| 79 | Including plural sensing or control means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Subject matter which includes more than one sensing or
control means to regulate the output voltage or current.
| | (1)
Note. The above plural conditions may include conditions
of the same kind, such as the voltage of the supply circuit and
the voltage of the load circuit. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems,
subclass 19 , 20, 21, and 24+ for single generator
systems, including motor-generator systems having automatic control
of the generator in response to plural circuit conditions of the
generator. |
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, appropriate subclasses for automatic voltage and/or
current control systems which are responsive to plural line circuit
conditions. |
|
| | |
| 80 | With transistor as control means in line circuit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter having transistor control means in the line
circuit, the operation of which is controlled by condition responsive
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 89, | for similar subject matter in a rectifier system. |
| 97, | for similar subject matter in an inverter system. |
|
| | |
| 81 | For rectifier: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter wherein the condition responsive system is
included in an A.C.-D.C. converter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 84, | for single sensing and control means for a rectifier
system. |
|
| | |
| 82 | With inductive control means in the line circuit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter having inductive control means in the line
circuit, the operation of which is controlled by the condition responsive
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 75, | for inductive integral sensing and control means. |
| 90, | for inductive control means in the line circuit
of a rectifier system. |
|
| | |
| 83 | With electron tube or valve as control means in line circuit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter wherein the line circuit control means includes
an electronic tube.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for definition
of electronic tube. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 94, | for similar subject matter in a rectifier system. |
| 99, | for similar subject matter in an inverter system. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems
for supplying current to electronic tubes of the vapor or gas type. |
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 227 and 291 for current or voltage magnitude control
systems where the current or voltage magnitude control means includes an
electronic tube. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous electron
tube systems not otherwise classified. |
|
| | |
| 87 | For plural phase to D.C. rectifier: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 85. Subject matter wherein the A.C. input to the rectifier is
of more than one phase.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 129, | for plural phase A.C. to D.C. thyristor rectifier
systems. |
|
| | |
| 89 | With transistor control means in the line circuit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Subject matter having transistor control means in the line
circuit, the operation of which is controlled by condition responsive
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 80, | for this subject matter with plural sensing and
control means. |
| 97, | for this subject matter in an inverter system. |
|
| | |
| 90 | With inductive control means in the line circuit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Subject matter having inductive control means in the line
circuit, the operation of which is controlled by condition responsive
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 75, | for inductive integral means for performing the
dual functions of sensing a condition and regulating the output voltage
or current. |
| 82, | for plural sensing with inductive control means
in the line circuit. |
|
| | |
| 91 | Saturable reactor (e.g., magnetic amplifier): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Subject matter wherein the inductive control means is a
saturable reactor type device.
| | (1)
Note. A saturable reactor is a reactor provided with a control
winding which is supplied with a direct current to saturate the
magnetic circuit of the reactor and thereby vary its impedance. |
| | (2)
Note. The saturable reactor may be, for example, a magnetic
amplifier. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 249 , 302, 310, and 329 for current and/or
voltage magnitude control systems where the control means is a saturable
transformer. |
|
| | |
| 94 | With electron tube or valve control means in the line circuit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Subject matter wherein the line circuit control means includes
an electronic tube.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for definition
of Electronic Tube. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 83, | for this subject matter in a rectifier system having
plural sensing or control means. |
| 99, | for this subject matter in an inverter system. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems
for supplying current to electronic tubes of the vapor or gas type. |
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 227 and 291 for current or voltage magnitude control
systems where the current or voltage magnitude control means includes an
electronic tube. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous electron
tube systems not otherwise classified. |
|
| | |
| 97 | With transistor control means in the line circuit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Subject matter having transistor control means in the line
circuit, the operation of which is controlled by condition responsive
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 80, | for this subject matter with plural sensing or control
means. |
| 89, | for this subject matter in a rectifier system. |
|
| | |
| 98 | For bridge type inverter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 97. Subject matter wherein the conversion system includes a
bridge configuration type inverter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 58, | for bridge configuration type inverters with automatic
or integral protection means. |
|
| | |
| 101 | With auxiliary bucking or boosting EMF: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the system is provided with means
to supply additional voltage into the system which may either aid
or oppose the voltage of the system.
| | (1)
Note. The additional voltage may be introduced into either
the converter supply line or the converter load line. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 77+ for systems in which a plurality of sources of
electric current are connected in series. |
| 322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems,
subclasses 86+ for generator systems including motor generator systems,
wherein the field winding is supplied by plural sources of excitation
voltage. |
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 259 and 344 for bucking and/or boosting transformer
systems. |
|
| | |
| 102 | By dynamoelectric machine converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the converter includes a dynamoelectric
machine.
| | (1)
Note. See the Glossary for a definition of Dynamoelectric
Machine. |
| | (2)
Note. The dynamoelectric machine types commonly used as current
converters include motor-generator sets and rotary converters. |
| | (3)
Note. Although systems involving motor-generator sets are
generally classified in Class 322, Electricity: Single Generator
Systems, in systems wherein there is significant conversion from
D.C. to A.C. or vice versa, classification is in this class (363).
However, the generic place for systems involving motor-generator
sets is in Class 322. See the class definition, Lines With Other
Classes, Motor Generator Systems in Class 322, Electricity, Single
Generator Systems. |
| | (4)
Note. Since many of the problems of operation and control
of dynamoelectric machine converters are analogous to the problems
of operation, and control of motors and generators (e.g., starting speed
control, excitation control, etc.), it is noted that analogous pertinent
art is classified in the motor and generator classes. See search
classes below. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 150, | for phase conversion systems of the dynamoelectric
type. |
| 174, | for frequency conversion systems of the dynamoelectric
type. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 310, | Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
subclass 113 for the structure of a motor-generator set; subclasses 129+ for
rotary converter structure; and subclass 160 for frequency converters
of the dynamoelectric type. |
| 318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate subclasses for electric motor system. |
| 322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate subclasses for electric motor-driven generator
systems; see
subclasses 14+ where the system includes means for controlling
both the motor and the generator; note particularly subclass 16
for such systems having simultaneous control of both motor and generator;
see subclass 39 for electric motor-driven generator systems having
motor control; and see subclasses 44+ for generator control; see
(3) Note, above, for the line between Classes 322 and 363. |
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 201 through 204for control systems having a dynamoelectric machine
as the control means. |
|
| | |
| 103 | Plural collector type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Subject matter wherein the dynamoelectric machine is of
the type which has plural sets of current collectors.
| | (1)
Note. The usual machine of this type is a rotary converter
which has a single field structure, a single armature winding and the
armature winding is provided both with a commutator and slip rings,
the direct current brushes cooperate with the commutator and alternating
current brushes cooperating with the slip rings. |
| | (2)
Note. Closely analogous subject matter is found in Class
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems wherein a dynamoelectric
machine having plural sets of brushes is used to control voltage magnitude.
However, such dynamoelectric machine (e.g., dynamotor) is not a converter
since the input and output electrical energy are the same in kind (e.g.,
both D.C. or both A.C.). |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 150, | for phase conversion systems having a plural current
collector type dynamoelectric machine as the converter. |
| 174+, | for frequency conversion systems having a plural
current collector type dynamoelectric machine as the converter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 201 through 204for current and voltage magnitude control systems
including a dynamoelectric machine having plural sets of current
collectors. See (2) Note above. |
|
| | |
| 104 | Having plural field windings: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter wherein the dynamoelectric machine is provided
with plural field windings.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 310, | Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
subclasses 112+ for plural, structurally united dynamoelectric machines,
subclass 114 for plural rotary element dynamoelectric machines operating
in different fields, subclasses 134, 141, 142, and 149 for plural
collector type dynamoelectric machines having plural field windings,
and subclasses 184+ for plural field winding structure. |
| 318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate subclasses for motor systems wherein the motor
is provided with plural field windings; particularly note,
subclasses 523+ for miscellaneous motor systems wherein the motor
is provided with plural field windings. |
| 322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems,
subclasses 63+ for plural field winding generator systems. |
|
| | |
| 105 | Having auxiliary motor drive: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter wherein the dynamoelectric machine is provided
with an additional driving means.
| | (1)
Note. The subject matter of this subclass is analogous in
many ways to that of motor-generator set converters. A plural set
of current collectors converter is analogous to a motor-generator
set in that it may be considered to have a motor part and a generator
part. The addition of another motor means results in an arrangement
analogous to a motor-generator set having two motors. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems,
subclass 9 for systems wherein a generator is provided with
plural driving means. See (1) Note, above. |
|
| | |
| 106 | By circuit interrupter type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the converter is a circuit interrupter
which is operated synchronously with the A.C. current.
| | (1)
Note. The circuit interrupter is a periodic switch. The
usual types of switches used in the systems of this subclass are vibrating
and rotary switches. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 177, | for frequency conversion systems having a current
interrupter type converter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 200, | Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers,
subclasses 19.01+ for the structure of periodic switches. |
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 96+ for systems having an intermittent regulatory interrupter,
and subclasses 112+ for miscellaneous switching systems. |
| 335, | Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets,
subclasses 87+ for the structure electromagnetically operated
periodic switches. |
| 361, | Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 139+ for relay and electromagnet systems. |
| 378, | X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices,
subclasses 101+ for X-Ray tube energizing circuits which may include
circuit interrupter type converters. |
|
| | |
| 107 | Rotating: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter wherein the circuit interrupter is a rotary
switch.
| | (1)
Note. A rotary switch is a device wherein a rotary contact
member coacts with stationary contacts so that as the rotary member
rotates the circuit between each of the stationary contacts and
the rotary contact is made and broken in a predetermined sequence. |
| | (2)
Note. A usual example of a rotary switch is a commutator. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 200, | Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers,
subclasses 19.03+ , 19.07+, 19.18+, and 36+ for
the structure of rotary switch structures. |
| 250, | Radiant Energy,
subclass 401 for such conversion systems wherein the load device
is an X-ray apparatus. |
| 310, | Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
subclasses 233+ for the structure of commutators for dynamoelectric
machines. |
|
| | |
| 108 | Rectifier (i.e., A.C.-D.C.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Subject matter wherein the converter is of the type which
converts alternating current into direct current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 114+, | for rectifying systems having an electron tube type
converter. |
| 125+, | for rectifying systems having a semiconductor type
converter. |
|
| | |
| 109 | Inverter (i.e., D.C.-A.C.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Subject matter wherein the converter is of the type which
converts direct current into alternating current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 120+, | for inverting systems having an electronic tube
type converter. |
| 123+, | for inverting systems having a semiconductor type
converter. |
|
| | |
| 110 | Vibrating: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter wherein the circuit interrupter is a device
which has a movable conducting member which moves between contacts
for converting either D.C. to A.C. or A.C. to D.C. |
| | |
| 111 | Using electronic tube converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the converter includes an electronic
tube.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition, under Glossary, for the definition
of an electronic tube. |
| | (2)
Note. See Lines With Other Classes, Conversion Systems Not
Included in This Class, in the class definition of this class for
other conversion systems using electronic tubes which are not included in
this class. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 94, | for current conversion systems wherein an electronic
tube is used for line circuit control. |
| 151, | for phase conversion systems including an electronic
tube converter. |
| 166+, | for frequency conversion systems including an electronic
tube converter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for supplying current
to electronic tubes of the gas or vapor tube type. In these systems,
the output circuit may be claimed if it is claimed so broadly as to
be in effect the mere completion of the circuit so that a discharge
may take place. In many of the systems in Class 315, the electronic
tube is an asymmetrical discharge device and operates to pass electric
current in one direction only between the discharge electrodes.
Merely naming the device as a rectifier will not exclude the patent
from Class 315, unless some subject matter is claimed which limits the
system to the conversion art. The subject matter of Class 315 is
closely analogous to the subject matter of this and the indented
subclasses. See the class definition, Lines With Other Classes, for a statement of the line between Classes 315
and 363. |
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 227 and 291 for control systems involving an electronic
tube. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous electron
tube systems not otherwise classified. |
|
| | |
| 112 | With gap in open atmosphere: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter wherein the electronic tube is of the type
wherein the electric space discharge takes place between electrodes
which are exposed to the atmosphere.
| | (1)
Note. This type of electronic tube is usually called a spark
gap or an arc device. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 313, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate subclasses for the structure of spark
gaps and open air arc devices. |
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems
for supplying current to electronic tubes of the type which have
the gap in the open atmosphere. |
| 331, | Oscillators,
subclass 127 for oscillators using a gaseous space discharge device
of the spark or open arc type, and which convert direct current
to oscillatory current. |
|
| | |
| 113 | With cathode element control: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter wherein the control of the electronic tube
involves control of the cathode element.
| | (1)
Note. Control of the cathode-anode circuit is not control
of the cathode element. |
| | (2)
Note. A usual cathode element control is the control of cathode
temperature. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
subclasses 94+ for miscellaneous systems for supplying heating
current to the cathode or cathode heater of an electronic tube.
The systems in Class 315, subclasses 94+ may include the
circuit necessary to also supply the anode potential if the anode
supply is included in combination with the supply of the cathode current.
In such systems, the electronic tube may be either a vacuum tube
or a gas or vapor tube. However, if the system includes the supply
of control current or potential to the discharge control means,
then only the systems limited to having an electronic tube of the
gas or vapor type are included, and such other systems will be found
in Class 250, Radiant Energy, or in one of the classes or subclasses
specified in the notes to the definition of that subclass. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous electron
tube systems which include means for controlling the cathode element.
See the reference to Class 315, above. |
|
| | |
| 114 | In rectifier systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter wherein the conversion is from A.C. to D.C.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 38, | for electron tube rectifier used in A.C.-D.C.-A.C.
conversion systems. |
| 67+, | for plural electron tube rectifiers for single current
conversion. |
| 81+, | and 84+, for electron tube rectifying systems
with condition responsive means to control the output voltage or current. |
| 108, | for circuit interrupter type rectifying systems. |
| 113, | for electronic tube rectifiers with cathode element
control. |
| 125+, | for rectifying systems having semiconductor type
converter. |
|
| | |
| 115 | With retarding or delaying control means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter wherein means are provided for delaying the
operation of the electronic tube converter until conditions are
such that its operation is safe, feasible, or desirable.
| | (1)
Note. An example of such delay control is where the application
of cathode, anode voltage is delayed until the cathode temperature
has reached its operating value. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
subclasses 102+ for miscellaneous systems for supplying electric
current and/or potential to electronic tubes where the
system includes means to supply heating current to the cathode or
cathode heating circuit, and means for delaying the application
of anode potential until the cathode has reached its operating potential.
This subclass in Class 315 provides for vacuum tube systems as well
as gas or vapor tube systems, provided that in the case of the vacuum
tubes there is no control of the discharge control (e.g., grid)
circuit. Systems which are not limited to having a gas or vapor
type electronic tube and which include the discharge control circuit
will be found in Class 327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear
Devices, Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous electron
tube systems having delayed or retarded operation of the tube.
See the reference to Class 315, above. |
|
| | |
| 116 | With discharge control means (e.g., grid): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter wherein the electronic tube converter is
provided with a discharge control means.
| | (1)
Note. Examples of such discharge control means include a
grid, igniter, magnetic control device, etc. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 94, | for current conversion systems wherein an electronic
tube having discharge control means is used for line circuit control. |
| 121+, | for inverter systems including an electronic tube
converter which has a discharge control means. |
| 151, | for phase conversion systems including an electronic
tube converter which has a discharge control means. |
| 166+, | for frequency conversion systems including an electronic
tube converter which has a discharge control means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for supplying current
to an electronic tube of the gas or vapor type which has a discharge
control means (e.g., grid, igniter, magnetic field). Many of the systems
inherently operate to convert A.C. to D.C. and many of the tubes are
referred to as rectifiers, and are therefore closely analogous to
the systems in this and the indented subclass. Note, especially
subclasses 137+ where the supply circuit is a polyphase alternating
current supply circuit; subclasses 194+ where the system
includes means to shift the phase of the current or potential applied
to the discharge control means with respect to the anode-cathode
current to control the tube; subclasses 248+ where the
source of supply is alternating current; indented subclass 252 providing
for those systems which include a plurality of discharge control
type electronic tubes; indented subclasses 261+ providing
for those systems where the discharge control means is an auxiliary
starting electrode (e.g., igniter); indented subclass 267 providing
for those systems where the discharge control means is an electromagnetic
means; and indented subclasses 268+ providing for the miscellaneous
alternating current supplied discharge control tube systems. For
the line between Classes 315 and 363, see the class definition, Lines
With Other Classes. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous electron
tube systems not otherwise classified. |
|
| | |
| 117 | D.C. bias control: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Subject matter wherein the control of the electronic tube
includes varying the magnitude of a direct current or potential
applied to the discharge control means.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes those systems wherein both an
A.C. component and a D.C. component are applied to the control means
and those systems wherein only a D.C. is applied to the control
means, provided that in each case the actual control of the conductivity
of the discharge device is accomplished by varying the magnitude
of the D.C. voltage. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 116, | for the miscellaneous systems having an electronic
tube converter with a discharge control means, where the conductivity
of the electronic tube is controlled by controlling the time of application
of a voltage but not the magnitude of either the D.C. or A.C. applied
to the discharge control means. See the reference to subclass 118,
below. |
| 118, | for the systems under subclass 116 where the phase
of the alternating current or potential applied to the discharge
control means is shifted with respect to the cathode-anode current to
control the electronic tube. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for supplying
current to an electronic tube of the gas or vapor type which has
a discharge control means, (e.g., grid, igniter, magnetic field).
Many of the systems inherently operate to convert A.C. to D.C.
and many of the tubes are referred to as rectifiers, and are therefore
closely analogous to the systems in this subclass.
subclasses 261 through 264, and 267 to 275 provide for the systems where the
tube is supplied with alternating current and where the tube has
a discharge control means which is controlled by controlling the
magnitude of the direct current and/or potential is the
control circuit. Subclasses 261+ provide for those systems
where the discharge control means is an auxiliary starting electrode
(e.g., igniter); subclass 267 provides for those systems where the discharge
control means is an electromagnetic means; and subclasses 268+ provide
for the miscellaneous alternating current supplied discharge control
tube systems. Note, indented subclass 270 where both alternating and
direct current and/or potential are supplied to the control
means. See indented subclass 272 where a rectifier and/or
discharge device is connected in the circuit of discharge control
means. For the line between Classes 315 and 321, see the class definition,
Lines With Other Classes. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, particularly
subclasses 530+ for miscellaneous electron tube systems which include
DC bias control. |
|
| | |
| 118 | Phase angle control: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Subject matter wherein the control of the electronic tube
is accomplished by controlling the phase of an A.C. current or voltage
applied to the discharge control means with respect to the cathode-anode
voltage.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes (1) systems wherein both an
A.C. current or voltage and a D.C. current or voltage are applied to
the discharge control means and (2) systems wherein one or more
A.C. currents or voltages are applied to the discharge control means,
provided that conductivity of the electronic tube is controlled
by varying the phase of the A.C. voltage. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 117, | for those systems wherein the conductivity of the
electronic tube is controlled by both varying the magnitude of a
D.C. or voltage applied to the discharge control means and by controlling
the phase of an A.C. or voltage applied to the discharge control means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for supplying current
to an electronic tube of the gas or vapor type which has a discharge
control means, (e.g., grid, igniter, magnetic field). Many of the systems
inherently operate to convert A.C. to D.C. and many of the tubes are
referred to as rectifiers, and are therefore closely analogous to
the systems in this and the indented subclass. Note, especially
subclasses 194+ where the supply circuit is an alternating current
supply circuit and the system includes means to shift the phase of
the current or potential applied to the discharge control means
with respect to the anode-cathode current to control the tube, for
the line between Classes 315 and 363, see the class definition,
Lines With Other Classes. |
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 237 , 300, and 320 for electronic tube voltage magnitude
control systems having phase control of the A.C. or voltage applied to
the discharge control device of the tube. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems,
subclasses 231+ for miscellaneous tube phase shift or control circuits. |
|
| | |
| 119 | Particular waveform grid excitation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Subject matter wherein the control of the discharge control
means involves the application thereto of a voltage having a particular
waveform.
| | (1)
Note. Particular waveform is defined as a waveform significantly
different from that of a sine wave. |
| | (2)
Note. Particular waveforms include square top waves, saw
tooth waves, peaked waves, etc. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 106+ for miscellaneous wave shaping systems. |
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for supplying
current to an electronic tube of the gas or vapor type which has
a discharge control means (e.g., grid, igniter, magnetic field).
Many of the systems inherently operate to convert A.C. to D.C.
and many of the tubes are referred to as rectifiers, and are therefore
closely analogous to the systems in this and the indented subclass.
subclasses 261 through 264and 267 to 275 provide for the systems where the
tube is supplied with alternating current, and where the tube has
a discharge control means which is controlled by applying current
or voltage of a particular waveform to the discharge control means.
See subclasses 261+ for those systems where the discharge
control means is an auxiliary starting electrode (e.g., igniter).
Note, especially indented subclass 262 where a peaking transformer
is in the auxiliary starting electrode circuit; and subclass 263
where an inductance or surge generator is included in the auxiliary
electrode circuit. See subclass 267 for those systems where the discharge
control means is an electromagnetic means. See subclasses 268+ for
the miscellaneous alternating current supplied discharge control
tube systems. Note especially indented subclass 274 where a transformer such
as a peaking transformer, is included in the control circuit, and indented
subclass 275 where a condenser is included in the control circuit.
For the line between Classes 315 and 363, see the class definition, Lines
With Other Classes. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems,
subclasses 100+ for miscellaneous tube networks producing a waveform of
particular shape. |
| 333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclass 19 for differentiating and integrating networks of
the passive type, and subclass 20 for wave shaping networks in general
of the passive type. |
|
| | |
| 120 | In inverter systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter wherein the conversion is from D.C. to A.C.
| | (1)
Note. There are many conversion systems for converting D.C.
to A.C. in the communications arts, (e.g., oscillators, harmonic
generators, amplifiers, etc.). See the class definition, Lines
With Other Classes, for a list of conversion systems excluded from
this class, their classification and the lines between them and
the subject matter of this class. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 9, | for circuit interrupter type inverter systems. |
| 29+, | for electron tube inverter in D.C.-A.C.-D.C. systems. |
| 38, | for electron tube inverter in A.C.-D.C.-A.C. systems. |
| 95+, | for electron tube inverting systems with means to
control the output voltage or current. |
| 131+, | and 135+, for transistor and thyristor type
inverter systems. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, appropriate subclasses for systems for supplying electric
current to electronic tubes of the gas or vapor type. Many of these
systems inherently operative to convert D.C. to A.C. and are closely
analogous to the systems in this and the indented subclass. Note
especially
subclasses 227+ where a condenser is used to control the supply
of current to the electronic tube. In many of these systems the
condenser causes the current through the tube to flow periodically,
similar to the current flow in a relaxation oscillator circuit.
Note especially indented subclass 229 where the system includes
a plurality of tubes and a commutating condenser is connected between
the anodes or cathodes to cause the tubes to become conductive alternately
(converts D.C. to A.C.). See subclass 235 where the electronic
tube has a plurality of cathodes or anodes with a commutating condenser
connected between the anodes or cathodes to cause the discharge
to alternate between the plural cathodes or anodes (converts D.C.
to A.C.). See the class definition, Lines With Other Classes, for
the line between Classes 315 and 363. |
| 331, | Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for self-sustaining electric
wave generating systems utilizing electronic tubes which convert
direct current to alternating current. |
|
| | |
| 121 | With discharge control means (e.g., grid): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Subject matter wherein the electronic tube converter has
a discharge control means.
| | (1)
Note. Such control means may include a grid, igniter, or
magnetic control means. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 116, | for electronic tube rectifier systems wherein the
electronic tube has a discharge control means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for supplying
current to electronic tubes of the gas or vapor type where the electronic
tube has a discharge control means. Many of these systems inherently
operate to convert D.C. to A.C. and are closely analogous to the
systems in this and the indented subclass. Note especially
subclass 229 where the system includes a plurality of tubes
with discharge control means a commutating condenser is connected between
the anodes or cathodes to cause the tubes to become conductive alternately
(converts D.C. to A.C.). See subclasses 233+, 236+,
and 237+ where a condenser is connected in the supply circuit
of a gas or vapor tube having a discharge control means, the condenser
causing the current through the tube to flow periodically similar
to the current flow in a relaxation oscillator circuit. See subclasses
233+ where the tube has an auxiliary starting electrode
(e.g., igniter) as the control means; subclass 236 where the control
means is a magnetic means; and subclasses 237+ where the
control means is an electrostatic (e.g., grid) electrode. See subclass
235 where the electronic tube has a plurality of cathodes or anodes
and a discharge control means with a commutating condenser connected
between the anodes or cathodes to cause the discharge to alternate
between the plural cathodes or anodes (converts D.C. to A.C.).
See Lines With Other Classes, in the class definition for the line between
Classes 315 and 363. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems,
subclass 597 for miscellaneous tube circuits with grid control
means. |
|
| | |
| 122 | Grid-like electrode: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter wherein the discharge control means is of
the type which controls the flow of space current by controlling
the space charge between the cathode and the anode.
| | (1)
Note. A common designation for this type of control means
is a grid. The grid is usually interposed in the discharge path
between the cathode and anode. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 119, | for electronic tube rectifier systems wherein the
electronic tube is provided with grid control means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for supplying
current to electronic tubes of the gas or vapor type which have
a control grid. Many of these systems inherently operate to convert
D.C. to A.C. and are closely analogous to the systems in this subclass.
Note especially
subclass 229 where the system includes a plurality of tubes
with control grids and a commutating condenser connected between
the anodes or cathodes to cause the tubes to become conductive alternately.
See subclass 235 where the electronic tube has a plurality of cathodes
or anodes and a control grid with a commutating condenser connected
between the anodes or cathodes to cause the discharge to alternate
between the plural cathodes or anodes (converts D.C. to A.C.).
See subclasses 237+ where a condenser is connected in the
supply circuit of a gas or vapor tube having a grid, the condenser
causing the current through the tube to flow periodically similar
to the current flow in a relaxation oscillator circuit. See the class
definition, See Lines With Other Classes, for the line between Class 315
and Class 363. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems,
subclasses 597+ for miscellaneous tube circuits with grid control
means. |
|
| | |
| 123 | Using semiconductor-type converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the converter includes a semiconductor
device.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for the definition
of semiconductor. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 10, | for combined phase and frequency conversion by semiconductor
device converter. |
| 15+, | and 37, and appropriate subclasses for semiconductor
type converters for either D.C.-A.C.-D.C. or A.C.-D.C.-A.C. conversion. |
| 53+, | for semiconductor type rectifier systems including
automatic or integral protection means. |
| 56.01, | for semiconductor type inverter systems including
automatic or integral protection means. |
| 159+, | for frequency conversion by semiconductor converter. |
|
| | |
| 124 | In chopper converter systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Subject matter which includes a device used to interrupt
a D.C. or low frequency A.C. source at regular intervals.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 9.1 and 10.1 for chopper type amplifiers. |
| 330, | Amplifiers,
subclass 240 for chopper type circuits utilizing semiconductors. |
|
| | |
| 125 | In rectifier systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Subject matter wherein the current conversion is from A.C.
to D.C.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 37, | for semiconductor rectifiers in A.C.-D.C.-A.C. conversion
systems. |
| 48, | for semiconductor rectifiers with low pass L or
LC filter means for reducing ripples from the output. |
| 53+, | for semiconductor rectifiers including automatic
or integral protection means. |
| 61, | for semiconductor rectifiers with voltage multiplication
means. |
| 67+, | for plural semiconductor rectifiers for single current
conversion. |
| 77, | for semiconductor rectifiers including integral
sensing and control means. |
| 108, | for circuit interrupter rectifier systems. |
| 114+, | for electron tube rectifier systems. |
|
| | |
| 126 | Diode: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter wherein the semiconductor device is a two-terminal
device which will conduct electricity more easily in one direction than
in the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 67+, | for systems which rectify by diode strings in series
or in parallel. |
|
| | |
| 127 | Transistor: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter wherein the semiconductor device includes
a transistor type element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 131+, | for transistor inverter systems. |
|
| | |
| 128 | Thyristor: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter wherein the semiconductor device is of the
thyristor type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 54, | for thyristor rectifier systems including automatic
or integral protection means. |
| 67+, | for systems which rectify by thyristor strings in
series or in parallel. |
| 88, | for full wave rectifier with at least 1 three electrode
device having thyristor control means in the line circuit. |
| 135+, | for thyristor inverter systems. |
| 160+, | for thyristor frequency conversion systems. |
|
| | |
| 129 | Plural phase to D.C.: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Subject matter wherein the A.C. input to the rectifier is
of more than one phase.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 4, | for thyristor plural phase to D.C. converters in
single phase to plural phase to D.C. systems. |
| 87, | for plural phase to D.C. conversion with thyristor
control means in the line circuit. |
| 92, | for plural phase to D.C. conversion with saturable
reactor control means in the line circuit. |
|
| | |
| 131 | In transistor inverter systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Subject matter wherein the semiconductor device includes
a transistor type element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 16+, | for transistorized inverters in D.C.-A.C.-D.C. conversion
systems. |
| 80, | and 97+, for inverters with transistor control
means in the line circuit. |
| 127, | for transistor rectifier systems. |
|
| | |
| 132 | Bridge type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter wherein the inverter includes one or more
transistors in a bridge configuration.
| | (1)
Note. A bridge configuration in this art is a four terminal
network with the supply being connected to two terminals opposite
each other, and the load connected to the remaining terminals. One of
the load terminals may be a center tap of the supply. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 17, | for transistorized bridge type inverters in D.C.-A.C.-D.C.
conversion systems. |
| 98, | for bridge type inverter with transistor control
means in the line circuit. |
|
| | |
| 133 | Double-ended (i.e., push-pull) type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter wherein the inverter includes two transistors
which alternately and periodically couple the source to opposite
terminals of a center-tapped primary winding of a power transformer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 22+, | and 24+, for transistorized double-ended
inverters in D.C.-A.C.-D.C. conversion systems. |
|
| | |
| 134 | Separately driven: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Subject matter in which an independent drive circuit controls
both the on and the off state of the transistors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 24+, | for transistorized double-ended separately driven
inverters in D.C.-A.C.- D.C. conversion systems. |
|
| | |
| 135 | In thyristor inverter systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Subject matter wherein the semiconductor device includes
a thyristor type element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 27+, | for thyristor inverters in D.C.-A.C.- D.C. conversion
systems. |
| 57+, | for thyristor inverters with automatic or integral
protection means. |
| 96, | for inverters with thyristor control means in the
line circuit. |
| 128+, | for thyristor rectifier systems. |
|
| | |
| 136 | Bridge type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Subject matter combined with a small box for containing
Toilet Articles.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes portable collapsible or hand-carried
cases as distinguished form the dressing table furniture type of
subclass 128 above. This subclass also includes mirrored purses
or bags. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 128+, | for dressing table-type mirrored vanities without
a carrying handle. |
| 154+, | for illuminated containers without a mirror. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 132, | Toilet,
subclass 83 for a powder box and applicator with a mirror. |
|
| | |
| 138 | With commutation means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter having means to alternately and repeatedly
turn on or off current flowing in one or more arms of the bridge
inverter circuit. |
| | |
| 139 | Double-ended (i.e., push-pull) type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Subject matter wherein the inverter includes two thyristors
which alternately and periodically couple the source to opposite
terminals of a center-tapped primary winding of a power transformer. |
| | |
| 140 | Using impedance-type converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the converter includes an impedance.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition, under Glossary, for a definition
of impedance. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 62, | for voltage division by storage-type impedance. |
| 156, | for phase conversion by passive phase shift elements. |
| 158, | for frequency conversion by varactor-type devices. |
|
| | |
| 141 | With cooling means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein means are provided for removing heat
from the conversion system.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 14, | for current conversion systems operating at temperatures
near absolute zero. |
|
| | |
| 147 | Integrated circuit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the conversion means is composed
of a combination of interconnected circuit elements inseparably
associated on or within a continuous substrate. |
| | |
| 148 | PHASE CONVERSION (01 - 02)
WITHOUT INTERMEDIATE CONVERSION TO D.C.: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein a system is provided which converts
A.C. having one number of phases into A.C. having a different number of
phases without intermediate conversion to D.C.
| | (1)
Note. The output number of phases may be either greater or
less than the input number of phases. |
| | (2)
Note. This class does not take those systems wherein a plurality
of different single phase sources are combined to produce a polyphase
output or wherein one or more single phase loads are connected to
a polyphase source line. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 2+, | where the system includes means for effecting phase
conversion, and also a single current conversion. |
| 9+, | where the system includes means for effecting both
phase and frequency conversions. |
| 36, | where the system includes means for effecting phase
conversion, and also plural current conversion. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 13+ for plural load circuits connected to a polyphase
system; subclasses 43+ for systems interconnecting a plurality
of supply circuits; but particularly subclasses 72+ for
supplies having unlike electrical characteristics; and subclass
79 for current sources interconnected in series but out of phase
with each other. |
| 310, | Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
subclass 160 for dynamoelectric frequency converter structure. |
| 315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
subclasses 138+ for electric systems for supplying alternating
current to an electric lamp or gas or vapor type electronic tube where
the system includes a phase converting means in the supply circuit.
Subclass 138 provides for those systems where single phase current
is converted to polyphase current. |
| 329, | Demodulators,
subclasses 315+ for frequency demodulators and subclasses 345+ for
phase demodulators. |
| 331, | Oscillators,
subclass 45 for self-sustaining oscillator systems provided with
plural output circuits, each output producing a wave of the same
frequency, the waves being displaced in phase by a fixed angle (other
than phase coincidence or phase opposition) so as to produce a polyphase
set of currents or voltages. |
|
| | |
| 149 | With automatic voltage magnitude or phase angle control: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Subject matter wherein the system is provided with automatic
current or voltage magnitude or automatic phase angle controls.
| | (1)
Note. Phase angle control includes power factor control. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 74+, | for automatic current or voltage magnitude control
means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 212 through 303for automatic phase and voltage regulators. |
|
| | |
| 150 | By dynamoelectric machine converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Subject matter wherein the converter includes a dynamoelectric
machine.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for a definition
of dynamoelectric machine. |
| | (2)
Note. The dynamoelectric machine types commonly used as phase
converters include motor-generator sets and practically every kind
of A.C. motor and generator. |
| | (3)
Note. Although systems involving motor-generator sets are
generally classified in Class 322, Electricity: Single Generator
Systems, systems involving significant phase conversion are classified
in this class (363). However, the generic place for motor-generator
set systems are in Class 323. See the class definition, See Lines
With Other Classes, Motor Generator Systems in Class 322, Electricity,
Single Generator Systems:. |
| | (4)
Note. Since many of the problems of operation and control
of dynamoelectric machine converters are analogous to the problems
of operation and control of motors and generators (e.g., starting, speed
control, excitation control, etc.) it is noted that analogous pertinent
art is classified in the motor and generator classes. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 102+, | for current conversion system having a dynamoelectric
machine converter. |
| 174+, | for frequency conversion systems having a dynamoelectric
machine converter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 310, | Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
subclasses 10+ for miscellaneous dynamoelectric machine structures,
and subclass 161 for phase shifter dynamoelectric machines. |
| 318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate subclasses for electric motor systems. |
| 322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate subclasses for electric generator systems;
particularly
subclass 16 for motor-generator set systems having simultaneous
control of both motor and generator; subclass 39 for motor- generator
set systems having motor control. See (3) Note above. |
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 201 through 204for control systems involving dynamoelectric
machines. |
|
| | |
| 151 | By electron tube converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Subject matter wherein the converter includes an electronic
tube.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition, Glossary for a definition
of an electronic tube. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 111+, | for current conversion systems having an electronic
tube converter. |
| 166+, | for frequency conversion systems having an electronic
tube-type converter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous electron
tube systems not otherwise classified. |
|
| | |
| 152 | By induction-type converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Subject matter wherein the conversion system includes an
induction type converter.
| | (1)
Note. The usual induction type converter is a transformer. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 170+, | for frequency conversion systems having an induction
type converter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 215 , 247, 301, 305, and 328 for control systems involving
a transformer. |
| 336, | Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for the structure of electric transformers,
per se. |
|
| | |
| 155 | With passive phase shift element: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 154. Subject matter wherein the transformer converter system
includes resistive, capacitive, or inductive elements for phase
shifting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 156, | for phase conversion by passive phase shift elements. |
|
| | |
| 156 | By passive phase shift elements: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Subject matter wherein the phase conversion means includes
resistive, capacitive, or inductive elements for phase shifting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 155, | for stationary transformer phase conversion with
passive phase shift elements. |
|
| | |
| 157 | FREQUENCY CONVERSION (f1-f2) WITHOUT
INTERMEDIATE CONVERSION TO D.C.: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein an input alternating current having
a first value of frequency is converted directly into an output
alternating current having a second value of frequency.
| | (1)
Note. The output frequency may be either greater or less
than the input frequency. |
| | (2)
Note. See the classes referred to in the class definition,
under References To Other Classes, for analogous conversion systems
in the communication arts. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 8, | for the systems wherein an alternating current of
a first frequency is converted to an alternating current of a second
frequency and then converted to direct current or vice versa (e.g.,
f1-f2-D.C. or D.C.-f1-f2). |
| 9, | for those systems wherein an input alternating current
having a first frequency and a first number of phases is converted
into an output alternating current having a second frequency and
a second number of phases. |
| 37, | and 38, for the systems wherein an alternating current
of a first frequency is rectified and the resulting direct current
is derectified and converted into an alternating current of a second
frequency (e.g., f1-D.C.-f2). |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems,
subclasses 14+ for generator systems wherein the output frequency may
be controlled by combined control of generator and driving means; subclasses
29+ for automatic control of generator or driving means
responsive to generator frequency; and subclasses 38+ for
systems wherein the output frequency may be controlled by controlling
the generator driving means. |
| 329, | Demodulators,
subclasses 315+ for frequency demodulators and subclasses 345+ for
phase demodulators. |
| 331, | Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for oscillator systems having an
output frequency which is a beat frequency or a function of a control
frequency; see particularly
subclasses 37+ for beat frequency systems wherein two sources
of different frequencies are combined in a nonlinear device to produce
a difference (sometimes sum) frequency; subclass 47 for plural oscillator
systems wherein one oscillator varies the frequency of another; subclass
51 for cascaded oscillators of the frequency dividing type; subclass 53
for cascaded oscillators of the frequency multiplying type; subclasses 76
and 77 for oscillators combined with a particular harmonic producing or
selecting network; subclasses 128 and 165+ for shock-excited
resonant systems; and subclasses 145, 149, 153, and 172+ for
oscillator systems of the electrically pulsed type. |
|
| | |
| 158 | By varactor: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein a two-terminal solid-state device
which utilizes the voltage variable capacitance of a PN junction
is included in the conversion systems.
| | (1)
Note. A varactor is also called a varactor diode, silicon
capacitor, voltage-controlled capacitor, or voltage-variable capacitor. | |
| | |
| 159 | By semiconductor converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the converter includes a semiconductor
device.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for the definition
of semiconductor. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 10, | for combined phase and frequency conversion by semiconductor
device converter. |
| 37, | for systems wherein an A.C. of a first frequency
is rectified and the resulting D.C. is inverted into an A.C. of
a second frequency by semiconductor rectifying and inverting means. |
| 123+, | for current conversion by semiconductor type conversion
means. |
|
| | |
| 160 | Thyristor type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter wherein the semiconductor device is of the
thyristor type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes),
subclasses 107 through 181for regenerative type devices, including thyristors. |
|
| | |
| 161 | Positive and negative groups: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein thyristor type elements are combined
in a circuit to form at least two groups, one of which operates
during the positive half cycle of an A.C. input and the other during
the negative half cycle.
| | (1)
Note. A group may consist of a number of thyristor type elements
connected in some well-known rectifier configuration, the output
current from a group being able to flow in only one direction. | |
| | |
| 164 | With automatic voltage magnitude control: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the frequency conversion system includes
cooperating separate sensing and control means for regulating the magnitude
of the output voltage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 165, | for frequency conversion with automatic frequency
control. |
|
| | |
| 165 | With automatic frequency control: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein means responsive to a predetermined
condition acts upon the system to provide a control to maintain
or vary the output frequency of the system in response to that condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 164, | for frequency conversion with automatic voltage
magnitude control. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems,
subclasses 17+ for miscellaneous generator systems having automatic
control of generator or driving means, which control may be control of
the output frequency. |
| 331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 1+ for oscillation generation systems with automatic
frequency stabilization. |
|
| | |
| 166 | By electron tube converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the converter includes an electronic
tube.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for a definition
of an electronic tube. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 11, | for combined phase and frequency conversion by electron
tube converter. |
| 38, | for systems wherein an A.C. of a first frequency
is rectified and the resulting D.C. is inverted into an A.C. of
a second frequency by electron tube rectifying and inverting means. |
| 111+, | for current conversion systems having an electronic
tube type converter. |
| 151, | for phase conversion systems where the converter
includes an electronic tube. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 84, | Music,
subclasses 674+ for electronic tube musical tone generators which may
include frequency converters as subcombinations thereof. |
| 327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems,
subclasses 113+ for miscellaneous repetition rate or frequency
control or conversion. |
| 329, | Demodulators, particularly
subclass 368 and 370 for an electron discharge demodulator device
in an amplitude demodulator. |
| 331, | Oscillators,
subclass 53 for cascaded oscillator systems of the frequency multiplying
type, and subclasses 76 and 77 for oscillators combined with output
coupling networks of the harmonic producing or selecting type. See
the class definition of this class, Lines With Other Classes and
Within This Class, for the line between Class 363 and Class 331,
subclasses 53, 76, 77, and Class 328. |
|
| | |
| 167 | With discharge control means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Subject matter wherein the electronic tube is provided with
discharge control means.
| | (1)
Note. The discharge control means may include a grid, igniter,
magnetic element, etc. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 227 and 291 for current or voltage magnitude control
systems having an electronic tube as the control means, wherein
the electronic tube is provided with discharge control means. |
|
| | |
| 170 | By induction-type converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the conversion system includes an
induction-type converter.
| | (1)
Note. The usual induction-type converter is a transformer. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 152+, | for phase conversion systems having an induction
converter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 336, | Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for the structure of electric transformers,
per se. |
|
| | |
| 172 | Saturable core: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Subject matter wherein the saturation state of the core
of the induction device is controlled to regulate its operation. |
| | |
| 173 | LC circuit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter wherein the induction-type converter includes
an LC circuit for regulating the frequency conversion. |
| | |
| 174 | Dynamoelectric machine: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter wherein the converter includes a dynamoelectric
machine.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for a definition
of dynamoelectric machine. |
| | (2)
Note. Since many of the problems of operation and control
of dynamoelectric machine converters are analogous to the problems
of operation and control of motors and generators (e.g., starting, speed
control, excitation control, etc.), it is noted that analogous pertinent
art is classified in the motor and generator classes. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 102+, | for current conversion systems having a dynamoelectric
converter. |
| 150, | for phase conversion systems having a dynamoelectric
converter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 310, | Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
subclasses 10+ for miscellaneous dynamoelectric machine structure,
particularly, subclass 160 for frequency converter structure. |
| 318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate subclasses for electric motor systems. |
| 322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate subclasses for electric generator systems. |
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 201 through 204for control systems involving dynamoelectric
machines. |
|
| | |
| 175 | Motor generator type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Subject matter wherein the dynamoelectric machine is of
the motor generator type.
| | (1)
Note. In this arrangement the input frequency is supplied
to the motor and the output frequency is taken from the generator. |
| | (2)
Note. Although systems involving motor-generator sets are
generally classified in Class 322, Electricity: Single Generator
Systems, systems involving significant frequency conversion are classified
in this class (363). However, the generic place for systems involving motor-generator
sets is in Class 322. See the class definition, Lines With Other Classes. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 102, | for current conversion systems which have a motor-generator
converter. |
| 150, | for phase conversion systems which have a motor-generator
converter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems,
subclass 16 for miscellaneous motor-generator set systems having simultaneous
control of both motor and generator; subclasses 17+ for
motor- generator set systems having automatic control of either
the motor or generator; subclass 39 for motor-generator systems
having motor control. |
| 323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 202 for current or voltage magnitude control systems
involving balances sets (which are motor-generator sets). |
|
| | |
| 176 | Including induction motor: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Subject matter wherein the dynamoelectric machine is in
the form of an induction motor.
| | (1)
Note. The dynamoelectric machine does not drive any other
device. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 150, | for phase conversion systems wherein the converter
is in the form of an induction motor. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 310, | Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
subclasses 166+ for induction motor structure. |
| 318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems,
subclasses 727+ for induction motor systems. |
|
| | |
| 177 | By circuit interrupter converter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter wherein the converter is a circuit interrupter.
| | (1)
Note. The circuit interrupter is a periodic switch. The
usual types of switches used in the systems in this subclass are vibratory
and rotary switches. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 106+, | for current conversion systems having a circuit
interrupter converter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 200, | Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers,
subclasses 19.01+ for the structure of periodic switches. |
| 307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 96+ for systems having intermittent regulatory interruption
thereof, and subclasses 112+ for miscellaneous switching
systems. |
| 335, | Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets,
subclasses 87+ for electromagnetically operated periodic switches. |
| 361, | Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 139+ for relay switching systems. |
|
| | |
| 178 | MISCELLANEOUS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter not provided for in any of the subclasses
above. |
| | |
FOREIGN ART COLLECTIONS
Any foreign patents or non-patent literature from subclassesthat
have been classified have been transferred directly to FOR listed
below. These collections contain ONLY foreign patents or non-patent
literature. The parenthetical references in the collection titles
refer to the abolished subclasses from which these collections were derived. |
| FOR 100 | With automatic control of the magnitude of the output
voltage or current: |
| | Subject matter which includes circuitry for the
regulation of the output voltage or current. |
| | |
| FOR 101 | Semiconductor type: |
| | Subject matter which includes a semiconductor device
as the converting element. |
| | |
![[Search a list of Patent Appplications for class 363]](../as.gif)
CLASS 363,