SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION
This class is for computerized data processing systems and
corresponding methods for the retrieval of records stored in a database
or as computer files.
This class includes computerized systems for organizing and
indexing of records and files in a manner that facilitate the retrieval
of the records and files.
This class also includes computerized data processing means
or steps for organizing and inter-relating data files (e.g., relational, object-oriented, hierarchical, entity-relational
models, and data management systems categorized as data
warehouses.).
This class also includes computerized data processing means
or steps for maintaining, archiving, backing-up, recovering, versioning, naming
and maintaining integrity of files, records, directories
and databases.
Subclasses 707/600-831 were established
as a result of the reclassification of 707/1-206
in January 2010. Documents from abolished subclasses 707/1-206
are in the process of being reclassified. Documents from
707/1-206 have been temporarily transferred to
cross-reference art collections (XRACs) 707/999.001-999.206, pending completion
of the reclassification of all documents in the abolished subclasses.
Until completion of the reclassification work the XRAC 707/999.001-999.206 should
also be considered.
RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER CLASSES
| | (1)
Note. This class is directed to computerized database
and file accessing and retrieval, such as hierarchical, bit-mapped
and flat indexing, hashing, categorizing, and
labeling. Accessing and control of a memory, per
se, is classified elsewhere. Restricting access
to a system, per se, is also classified elsewhere. And, prevention
or detection of malicious attacks on a system is also classified
elsewhere. See the search class notes in References to
Other Classes, below. |
| | (2)
Note. The combination of details of database technology
with the business data processing is classified in the business
art. See search class notes in References to Other Classes, below. |
| | (3)
Note. The combination of details of database technology
with a nominal recitation of the subject matter of another class
is classified herein. A particular field of use of database
technology in combination with the basic subject matter of another
class to affect some end other than information accessing or retrieval
is classified with the subject matter of the other class, unless
specifically excluded therefrom. See the search class notes
in References to Other Classes, below. |
| | (4)
Note. This class is directed to generic methods and
apparatus for accessing and retrieving data housed in either databases
or files. The generic steps to access and retrieve an object
from an object-oriented database may be properly classified
herein; however, objects themselves for an application
other than database accessing and retrieving data, such
as, for example an operator interface object, an
icon object capable of instantiating a process, or a simulation
system physical structure object are classified elsewhere. See
the search class notes in References to Other Classes, below. |
| | (5)
Note. This class area is directed to generic methods
and apparatus for accessing and retrieving data from either databases
or files. Nominal recitation of an environment or database
application in combination with details of accessing and retrieving
data, or information, is proper for this class. Details of
a design environment in combination with generic or nominal database
methods are classified with the environment. Examples of
such "environments" include a computer aided design (CAD) and
analysis tool "environments", a software
development tool "environment", an image processing "environment", a
desktop or other operator interface "environment" may
rely on accessing and retrieving information or routines from libraries
while working in the "environment". The "environments" themselves
are classified elsewhere in the data processing arts. See
the search class notes in References to Other Classes, below. |
| | (6)
Note. The combination of a database accessing method
and query generation method with a particular operator interface feature
may be found in these subclasses. However, this
class accepts only nominal recitations to operator interfaces, icons, or metaphors
used in access of files and databases. Operator interface
based file management tools, menus, metaphors, or objects
with significant operator interface features are classified elsewhere. Operator interfaces, per
se, are classified elsewhere. See the search class
notes in References to Other Classes, below. |
| | (7)
Note. Classification of data structures herein typically
requires a combination of a data structure and an access or retrieval method; or, an
apparatus for employing, or storing the data structure. |
| | (8)
Note. This class is directed to means and steps for
handling of generic files and databases only in computers and digital
data processing systems. File content and database content
authoring, generating, producing, and
editing in information processing applications art areas, such
as, for example, business data processing, machine
translation, graphics processing, simulation, animation
and software development, is classified elsewhere. |
| | (9)
Note. This class is directed to management and maintenance
of files and databases in computers and digital data processing
systems. This class accepts computerized database and file
accessing and retrieval, and data structures within single
memories and across multiple memories. Memory accessing
and control and memory management, per se, is
classified elsewhere. |
| | (10)
Note. Formatting and file allocation in memory systems, such
as direct access storage systems, is generally found in
the art area directed to the storage system device. |
| | (11)
Note. This class includes operations for transforming
and filtering data, data structures and schema in databases
and file systems. Cryptographic transformations on data
for the purpose (a) concealing or obscuring intelligible
information by transforming such information so as to make the information
unintelligible to a casual or unauthorized recipient, or (b) extracting intelligible
information from such a concealed representation, including
breaking of unknown codes and messages is classified elsewhere. |
| | (12)
Note. This class includes operations for backing
up, archiving and recovering databases and file systems. Processes
or apparatus for detecting and recovering from faults in electrical
computers (e.g., state recovery in
a multiprocessor arrangement, recovery using a backup processor) and
digital data processing systems are classified elsewhere. |
| | (13)
Note. Data mining operations comprise aggregating
and analyzing data to discover relationships and dependencies (knowledge discovery).
Related detailed methods for implementing rule bases, inferences, data mining
algorithms, regression analysis, and mathematical
techniques are also found in Class 706. |
| | (14)
Note. Document Management System and Workflow comprises
maintaining integrity of the document itself and facilitating access
to the document at all stages of the workflow. |
| | (15)
Note. Combinations of methods and apparatus of this
class with nominal recitation of artificial intelligence methods
and apparatus are properly classifiable as an original in this class.
More than nominal recitation of artificial intelligence processing
in combination with the subject matter of this class requires careful
consideration of the artificial intelligence art of class 706. See
the line notes in class 706 for more details of artificial intelligence
subject matter covered in class 706. Also, see
the See or Search Class notes below. |
| | (16)
Note. Database aspects of social networking may
be classified in class 707. Related classes to consider
for aspects of social networking include classes 705, 706, 709, 715. For
example the artificial intelligence methods for discovering relationships amongst
static or dynamic data, depending on claims, may
require consideration of either, or both of classes 706
and 707. For example, class 707 provides for
clustering but classifiers per se that use artificial intelligence
methods are in class 706. In further combination with
business related transactions class 705 must be considered. |
SECTION II - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 235, | Registers, various subclasses for basic machines and associated
indicating mechanisms for ascertaining the number of movements of
various devices and machines, plus machines made from these
basic machines alone (e.g., cash
registers, voting machines), and in combination
with various perfecting features, such as printers and
recording means. In addition, search Class 235
for various data bearing record controlled systems. |
| 345, | Computer Graphics Processing and Selective Visual
Display Systems,
subclasses 418 through 475for computer graphics processing, and
subclasses 1.1 through 111 for visual display systems with
selective electrical control including display memory organization
and structure for storing image data and manipulating image data
between a display memory and display device. |
| 358, | Facsimile and Static Presentation Processing, appropriate subclasses for transmitting, processing, or
reproducing a permanent picture. |
| 379, | Telephonic Communications, various subclasses for two-way electrical
communication of intelligible audio information of arbitrary content
over a link including an electrical conductor. |
| 380, | Cryptography, various subclasses for password generations, breaking
of a secret code or cipher, devices to encrypt and decrypt
the password, code, or cipher. |
| 382, | Image Analysis, various subclasses for operations performed on image
data with the aim of measuring a characteristic of an image, detecting
variations, detecting structures, or transforming
the image data, and for procedures for analyzing and categorizing
patterns present in image data. |
| 700, | Data Processing: Generic Control Systems
or Specific Applications,
subclasses 1 through 89for data processing generic control systems, and
subclasses 90 through 306 for applications of computers in various
environments including CAD. |
| 702, | Data Processing, Measuring, Calibrating, or Testing, appropriate subclasses for the application of computers
in measuring and testing. |
| 703, | Data Processing: Structural Design, Modeling, Simulation, and
Emulation,
subclasses 3 through 22for data processing simulation. |
| 704, | Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics, Language
Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclasses 1 through 10for linguistics, dictionaries and natural
language processing. |
| 705, | Data Processing: Financial, Business
Practice, Management, or Cost/Price Determination, appropriate subclasses for business data processing. |
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence, appropriate subclasses for artificial intelligence, in
general. |
| 708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing and
Calculating,
subclasses 1 through 9for hybrid computers, subclasses 100 through
714 for calculators, digital signal processing and arithmetical
processing, per se, and subclasses 800 through
854 for electric analog computers. |
| 709, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Multicomputer
Data Transferring, appropriate subclasses for networking. |
| 711, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Memory, for garbage collection, per se, in addition,
subclasses 1 through 6for addressing particular memory configurations and
systems, subclasses 100 through 173 for memory accessing
and control, per se, (in particular subclasses
113 for disk caching, subclasses 117 through 146 for hierarchical memory, per
se, (including caching), subclasses
147 through 153 for shared memory accessing and control, subclasses
154 through 166 for memory control, maintenance and management
techniques (including subclasses 161 and 162 for archiving
and backup under memory accessing and subclasses 163 and 164 for
memory access limiting), and subclasses 170 through
173 for memory configuring and allocation), and
subclasses 200 through 221 for address formation processing, particularly
subclass 216 for address hashing. |
| 713, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Support, appropriate subclasses for system access control
and multiple computer communication in combination with cryptography, and
synchronizing clocks. |
| 714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault
Detection/Correction,
subclasses 1 through 57, and 100 for data processing system error
or fault handling including state recovery. |
| 715, | Data Processing: Presentation Processing
of Document, Operator Interface Processing, and Screen
Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 200 through 277for document processing performed by a computer
for presentation including annotation and document editing, and subclasses
700 through 866 for operator interface processing. |
| 717, | Data Processing: Software Development, Installation, and
Management, appropriate subclasses for data processing software
development tool. |
| 725, | Interactive Video Distribution Systems, appropriate subclasses for video distribution, billing
and the user interface. |
| 726, | Information Security,
subclass 1 for policy, subclasses 2 through 21 for
access control and authentication, subclasses 22 through
25 for monitoring or scanning of software or data including attack
prevention, subclasses 26 through 33 for prevention of
unauthorized use of data including prevention of piracy, privacy violations
or unauthorized data modification. |
SECTION III - GLOSSARY
ACTIVE
Active is used in the definition to distinguish between LIVE. An
active database is online and can receive updates but is not being
used by users, per se, for responding to queries.
BINARY LARGE OBJECTS (BLOBs)
An object for storing a large amount of binary data within
a database management system. BLOBs are often used to store
media or multimedia data. Because of its size, it
is sometimes stored external to a database management system, with
the DBMS storing only references to the BLOB. See also
LOBs.
BITMAP
Data structure or file organizational format storing
bits in a spatial map.
COMPUTER
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores
data, and outputs data.
CONCEPT-RELATION-CONCEPT (CRC) TRIPLES
A logical structure for storing data representative of real-world
knowledge through the use of objects or concepts (stored
as nodes), and relationships between them (stored
as links between the nodes). When combined, they
can form large semantic networks, or ontologies. See
also Ontology, Semantic Network and Taxonomy.
DATA
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable
for communication, interpretation, or processing.
DATABASE
A collection of data arranged for ease of storage, retrieval, updating, searching
and sorting by computerized means. Storage and organization
of data, examples of a database include relational model
based, hierarchical, or object oriented.
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS)
A suite of software that is designed to manage the organization, storage
and retrieval of data within a database.
DATABASE TRIGGER
Trigger is procedural code that is automatically executed
in response to certain events on a particular table in a database
DATA MART
Small logical units (subsets) of the
larger data warehouse, they typically provide specific
access points to portions of the warehouse.
DATA STRUCTURE
A physical or logical relationship among a set of data elements
designed to support specific data manipulation functions in a computerized
data processing system.
DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination
with either memory or peripherals, or both, performing
data processing.
EXTENSIBLE MARKUP LANGUAGE (XML)
A markup language that allows a user to create custom annotations (tags) and
to define those custom annotations for use in indicating the structure, formatting, or display
instructions for a given section of text or data. It is
commonly used as an intermediate format for transferring data between
applications.
FEATURE
A character, word or phrase that is part of
a search query used in search ranking.
FILE
A named collection of data.
FILTER
A technique or program for removing unrequested or specifically
identified data from results thereby controlling data output.
INDEX
An organized structure used for improving the speed for which
data can be accessed.
JOURNAL (SEE ALSO LOG)
A historical record of transactions and activities related to
the database or file system.
LARGE OBJECTS (LOBs)
An object for storing a large amount of data within a database
management system. Because of its size, it is sometimes
stored external to a database management system, with the
DBMS storing only references to the LOB. See also BLOBs.
LIVE
Live is used in the definitions to distinguish between Active. A
live database is online, is responding to transactions (e.g., it
is receiving updates) and can be in use by users, for
example, is responsive to queries.
LOG (SEE ALSO JOURNAL)
A historical record of transactions and activities related to
the database or file system.
MARKUP LANGUAGE
A language in which a set of annotations, or
tags, are embedded within text. The annotations
are designed to indicate the structure, formatting, or
display instructions for a given section of text or data. Common
examples of a Markup Language are HTML, SGML and XML. See also
Extensible Markup Language and Semi-Structured Data.
MATERIALIZED VIEW
A cached representation (typically as a table) of
query results which may be updated from the original database tables
from time to time to promote efficient access and reduction in query
execution time
MEMORY
A functional unit to which data can be stored and from which
data can be retrieved.
METADATA
Data about data, typical examples include author
of document, date, timestamp..
ONLINE ANALYTICAL PROCESSING (OLAP)
Software tool that provides fast analysis and reporting typically
used in the data processing of data warehouse data, called
data mining.
ONTOLOGY
A formal representation of a set of objects or concepts and
the relationships between those objects or concepts, within
a specific domain. Also included could be collections and
attributes. In essence, an ontology is a model of
the specified domain, in as much or little detail as desired. See
also Concept-Relation-Concept Triples, Semantic
Network and Taxonomy.
PARSING
An operation that breaks up a data structure or query
to smaller parts that still have value to facilitate storage or processing.
PROCESSING
Methods or apparatus performing systematic operations upon
data or information exemplified by functions such as data or information
transferring, merging, sorting, and calculating (i.e., arithmetic
operations or logical operations).
| | (1)
Note. In this class, the glossary term data
is used to modify processing in the term data processing; whereas
the term digital data processing system refers to a machine performing
data processing. |
| | (2)
Note. In an effort to avoid redundant constructions, in
this class, where appropriate, the term address
data processing is used in place of address data processing. |
QUERY
A request for data, typically used in database
management systems to find data.
SCHEMA
The specification and plan followed within the database to
arrange and store data.
SEARCH STRING
A sequence of features submitted as part of unstructured request.
SEMANTIC NETWORK
A directed or undirected network which represents the semantic
relationships between concepts. The nodes of the graph
represent concepts, and the links between nodes represent
relationships between concepts. See also Concept-Relation-Concept
Triples, Ontology and Taxonomy.
SEMI-STRUCTURED DATA
A collection of data which is formatted in a way that reflects
the structural relationships between the elements of data.
Sometimes the data is stored in a form that includes schema information
within the data. Markup Languages, and in particular
XML are examples of semi-structured data. See
also Markup Language and Extensible Markup Language.
STRUCTURED DATA
A collection of data stored in a form that can be readily translated
to a database. The most common form of structured data
is Common separated values (CSV).
TAXONOMY
An organization of objects or concepts to support the classification
of the objects or concepts. The objects or concepts are
normally related to each other through hierarchical relationships. See
also Concept-Relation-Concept Triples, Ontology
and Semantic Network.
UNSTRUCTURED DATA
A collection of data stored in a form that does not readily
translate to a database. The most common form of unstructured
data is text documents.
WAREHOUSE
A tailored repository holding large amounts of data generated
by integration of various sources of data in a single consistent
architecture to facilitate and support analysis, reporting, and
decision operations.
SUBCLASSES
![[List of Patents for class 707 subclass 600]](../ps.gif) 600 | DATA WAREHOUSE, DATA MART, ONLINE ANALYTICAL
PROCESSING (OLAP), DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter relating to database architectures that extract
data from live transaction-oriented database management
systems in order to create new database systems in which data can
be analyzed regardless of the data s original source.
| | (1)
Note. OLAP systems include relational (ROLAP), multidimensional (MOLAP), and
hybrid (HOLAP) systems. |
| | (2)
Note. Transaction-oriented applications are
those applications which process commercial transactions in real-time, typically
including such industries as banking, airlines, mail-order
and on-line sales, supermarkets and manufacturing. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 607, | for online transactional processing (OLTP) systems. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 45 through 61for decision support systems focused on algorithm
details for the decision-making. |
|
| | |
| 601 | Tools to automate schema definition process: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter relating to mechanisms for specifying the
structure of how the data is to be stored, particularly
through the utilization of a graphical user interface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 803, | for schema definition, per se. |
| 805, | for database, schema and/or data structure
creation and/or modification via a graphical user interface. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 715, | Data Processing: Presentation Processing
of Document, Operator Interface Processing, and
Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 700 through 867for user interface layout, design, and
presentation. |
|
| | |
| 602 | Data extraction, transformation, and
loading (ETL): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter relating to facilities for retrieving, cleaning, preparing, converting, migrating, integrating, and/or
storing data into the data warehouse.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 756, | for changing the format of a data structure, or
data objects, using various methods such as a translation, mapping, or
altering with the purpose of facilitating further processing of the
data structure or data object. |
| 761, | for converting a query from one query language to
another query language. |
| 802, | for the management of data structures, including
their definition and creation, modification, transformation and
population. |
| 809, | for generalized transformation or conversion from
one schema to another. |
| 809, | for subject matter wherein data is transferred from
one schema/structure to another through the use of a logical data
model. |
| 975, | for transferring of data from one database having
one database schema to another database having a different database
schema. |
|
| | |
| 603 | Reporting, knowledge discovery (KD) systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter including means to present information (reporting/KD
systems) resulted from extracting, analyzing or
manipulating large data sets or complex databases.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 776 | through 778 , for data mining and taxonomy discovery
in nondata warehouse systems. |
| 737 | through 740 , for clustering and grouping in nondata
warehouse systems. |
| 794, | for semantic networks, per se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 45 through 61for knowledge processing systems including knowledge
databases. |
|
| | |
| 604 | Using a denormalized schema: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein the data is stored into a corresponding
database having fewer tables but more columns in each table.
| | (1)
Note. Some columns will contain redundant information. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclass 12 , 14, and 45-61 for knowledge
discovery (KD) systems focused on algorithm details, such
as data mining, data fusion, natural language
processing (NLP), and machine learning. |
|
| | |
| 605 | Using a star schema: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 604. Subject matter relating to a star schema is utilized in
the organization of its tables into a star shape, with
a single centralized fact table connected to any number of dimensions
which are denormalized and represented by single dimension tables. |
| | |
| 606 | Using a snowflake schema: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 604. Subject matter relating to a snowflake schema is utilized
in the organization of its tables into a snowflake shape with a
centralized fact table connected to multiple dimensions which are normalized
into multiple related dimension tables. |
| | |
| 607 | ONLINE TRANSACTIONAL PROCESSING (OLTP) SYSTEM: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter relating to a class of programs that facilitate
and manage transaction-oriented applications so that the
systems are updated in real-time, current and
online using a normalized schema, typically used for data entry
and retrieval transactions in a number of industries.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass is directed to storage and organization
of data to support such applications with nominal recitation of business
related operations and/or data. Business oriented
operations and/or data (e.g. inventory
management, forecasting, accounting, and
finance) is classified in Class 705. |
| | (2)
Note. Transaction-oriented applications are
those applications which process commercial transactions in real-time, typically
including such industries as banking, airlines, mail-order
and on-line sales, supermarkets and manufacturing. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 705, | Data Processing: Financial, Business Practice, Management, or
Cost/Price Determination, for automated, financial, or business
practice, or management systems. |
|
| | |
| 608 | COLLABORATIVE DOCUMENT DATABASE AND WORKFLOW: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter relating to document management systems (DMS) that
control access to shareable documents.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclass 14 and 45-61 for artificial intelligence
methods of agent or multiagent collaboration, blackboard systems, intelligent
collaboration, and rule determination of workflow. |
| 715, | Data Processing: Presentation Processing
of Document, Operator Interface Processing, and
Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 200 through 277for document Presentation, layout, and
annotation. |
|
| | |
| 609 | FILE OR DATABASE MAINTENANCE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter for supporting a database and performing
actions to keep a database functioning properly (i.e., upkeep
of a database), wherein such actions are typically
carried out on database records by the database management system.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass does not include memory accessing, memory
control, and memory management, per se.
This subject matter is classified elsewhere. |
| | (2)
Note. This subclass does not include anything that
deals with specific memory addresses, memory addressing schemes, and
low-level memory operations. This subject matter
is classified elsewhere. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 709, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Multicomputer Data Transferring, appropriate subclasses for multicomputer data transferring
and network management and configuration. |
| 711, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Memory, for memory and memory management. |
| 714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery, for process or apparatus for detecting and recovering from
faults in electrical computers and digital data processing systems. |
|
| | |
| 610 | Synchronization (i.e., replication): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 609. Subject matter relating to data between multiple databases
being made consistent for the purpose of ensuring coherence of copies
or versions of databases, database records, files, or their
associated metadata.
| | (1)
Note. The terms synchronization and replication are
equivalent. |
| | (2)
Note. Database caching is for performance and synchronization
if for data recovery. |
| | (3)
Note. This subclass is for consistency amongst plural
databases. Internal consistency within a database is classified elsewhere. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 691, | for internal consistency within a database. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 709, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Multicomputer
Data Transferring,
subclass 248 for multicomputer synchronizing. |
|
| | |
| 611 | Synchronous: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 610. Subject matter relating to a propagation method that involves
a multi-phase commit wherein the source database system
waits for the copy process to complete at the target system. |
| | |
| 612 | Multiway synchronization: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Subject matter relating to a database model wherein updates
occur at any replica and then synchronously sent to all replicas (e.g., update anywhere
and two-way updates). |
| | |
| 614 | Multiway synchronization: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Subject matter relating to a database model wherein updates
occur at any replica and then asynchronously sent to all replicas. |
| | |
| 615 | Transactional replication: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Subject matter relating to updates (i.e., copies) sent
as transactions that group operations on data to ensure atomicity, consistency, isolation and
durability. |
| | |
| 616 | Merge replication: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Subject matter relating to combining changes from multiple
sources and resolving conflicts to synchronize multiple sources. |
| | |
| 617 | Connection based synchronization: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 610. Subject matter relating to a propagation method that requires
a continuous connection between two databases wherein synchronization
only occurs when the databases are connected and the synchronization
process is often commenced when the connection is created. |
| | |
| 620 | Synchronization environment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 610. Subject matter relating to the computer system environment
in which synchronization occurs, wherein the environment
comprises physical and logical architecture. |
| | |
| 621 | Portable devices: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 620. Subject matter relating to synchronization of data between
a portable device and another computer especially concerning file
size, protocol and connectivity issues.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 455, | Telecommunications, appropriate subclass for operation, functions, and services
of portable telecommunication devices. |
|
| | |
| 622 | Peer-to-peer: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 620. Subject matter relating to synchronizing databases on two
peer computers using direct communication, wherein each
database can be a client or a server at anytime.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 45 through 61for details on agent-based peer-to-peer interactions. Review
the class 706 notes for a listing of artificial intelligence methods. |
| 709, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Multi-computer Data Transferring,
subclasses 227 through 237for computer-to-computer connection
and data transfer. |
|
| | |
| 623 | Master/slave: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 620. Subject matter relating to a database model wherein updates
only occur at the master database and then are sent to the slaves (i.e., one-way
updates).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 709, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Multicomputer
Data Transferring,
subclass 208 for master/slave computer controlling. |
|
| | |
| 624 | Incremental synchronization: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 610. Subject matter wherein less than the whole of the data is
synched per operation (i.e., only changed
or updated data since last point in time is copied). |
| | |
| 625 | Change records or delta: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 624. Subject matter relating to storing of information describing
the change or modification between different versions of a database.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 45 through 61for details on agent or multiagent systems. |
|
| | |
| 626 | Objects of replication: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 610. Subject matter relating to specifying desired target data
including tables, files, or records to be used
in a replication process. |
| | |
| 627 | Publication: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 626. Subject matter wherein a group of data including tables, records, or
files are specified to be replicated to a set of targets. |
| | |
| 628 | Push subscriptions: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 626. Subject matter relating to computer database systems in
which a centralized distributor will establish the schedule on which
connections will be made with remote subscribers. |
| | |
| 629 | Push-to-master: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Subject matter relating to computer database systems in
which updates are sent to master and the master sends the updates
to other databases (i.e., subscribers). |
| | |
| 630 | Push-to-nearest-neighbor: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Subject matter relating to computer database systems in
which updates are sent from a publisher to closest connected database (i.e., subscriber). |
| | |
| 631 | Push-to-broadcast: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Subject matter relating to computer database systems in
which updates are broadcast from a publisher to other databases
which are subscribers. |
| | |
| 632 | Pull subscriptions: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 626. Subject matter relating to computer database systems in
which subscribers request updates from a publisher database. |
| | |
| 633 | Replication agent: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 626. Subject matter relating to computer database systems in
which a distributor or agent assists in replication of data in a
database including logging history or errors. |
| | |
| 634 | Management, interface, monitoring and configurations
of replication: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 610. Subject matter relating to a process that oversees replication
of data in a database including assigning Replica ID, change
logs, demotions, promotions, replication
and verification.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 654, | Backup interface, scheduling and management
for subject matter relating to interface for management processes
that oversees backup including planning, scheduling, and
reporting. |
| 659, | Mirroring configuration and management for subject
matter relating to set-up and oversight of mirroring. |
|
| | |
| 635 | Replication-to-heterogeneous database: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 610. Subject matter relating to data that is copied to a target
in different data format or data type thereby implementing updates
of unlike kind for the purpose of flexibility and integration of different
data systems. |
| | |
| 636 | Distributor management: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 610. Subject matter relating to functionality and organization
of a distributor, wherein the distributor is defined as
a software or hardware entity which typically sends the replication data
to the subscribers. |
| | |
| 637 | Optimizing replication: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 610. Subject matter relating to improving the performance of
a database replication process, wherein the improving comprises
reducing latency, reducing resource consumption, and/or increasing
throughput.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclass 14 , 19, and 45-61 for optimization
methods using suboptimal solutions, heuristic methods, nonlinear
optimizations, etc. |
|
| | |
| 640 | Database backup: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 609. Subject matter relating to database management systems in
which a copy of data, which is usually active, can
be used for restoration after an event or subject matter comprising
the copying of databases, database records, files, or their
associated metadata to be used for restoration after an event.
| | (1)
Note. The term backup typically infers that the copy
made of the database, database record, file, or
their associated metadata is left active. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 711, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Memory,
subclass 161 and 162 for archiving of memory and lower application
level archiving, and for backup of memory and lower application
level backup, respectively. |
|
| | |
| 642 | Data dump: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Subject matter relating to the ability to export database
data in full at once to a flat file. |
| | |
| 643 | Batch: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Subject matter relating to processing changes for backup
as units rather than being processed immediately on demand. |
| | |
| 644 | Types of backup: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Subject matter relating to different mechanisms, methodologies
and structures for forming and storing a copy designed to support specific
data redundancy and recoverability standards and requirements, taking
into account a variety of possible system architectures. |
| | |
| 645 | Full backup: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 644. Subject matter relating to a copy of all data from a source
regardless of whether or not if the data has been modified or not
to provide a complete copy at a target destination that facilitates
easier subsequent recovery operations. |
| | |
| 650 | System data backup: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 644. Subject matter relating to a partial database back-up
which involves only making copies of database or system related
data, such as management records, state data and
system catalogs, but not user data. |
| | |
| 651 | Hierarchical backup: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 644. Subject matter relating to a storage structure of storing
a backup of database data in a hierarchy of different storage media
each with a different level of cost and speed of access. |
| | |
| 652 | Distributed backup: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 644. Subject matter relating to a storage structure of storing
the backup of database data in multiple locations. |
| | |
| 653 | Customized backup: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 644. Subject matter relating to storing the database backup based
on user specified criteria for data records into a user-defined
storage schema. |
| | |
| 654 | Backup interface, scheduling and management: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Subject matter relating to interface for management processes
that oversees backup including planning, scheduling, and
reporting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 634, | for subject matter relating to a process that oversees
replication of data in a database including assigning Replica ID, change
logs, demotions, promotions, replication
and verification. |
| 659, | for subject matter relating to set-up and
oversight of mirroring. |
|
| | |
| 655 | Database mirroring: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Subject matter relating to a full copy of a database is
maintained at another site, generally limited to databases
and database management systems and how to store the data.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass excludes recovery of the redundant
structures. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 45 through 61for methods focusing on rule-based systems. |
| 709, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Multicomputer
Data Transferring, appropriate subclasses for storage management including Storage
Area Network (SAN), and Network based
storage (NAS). |
| 711, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Memory,
subclass 161 and 162 for archiving of memory and lower application
level archiving, and for backup of memory and lower application
level backup, respectively, appropriate subclasses
for RAID and volume management. |
| 714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
subclasses 6.1 through 6.32for reliability and availability by redundant stored
data access on a network. |
|
| | |
| 656 | Synchronous mirroring: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 655. Subject matter relating to maintaining a full copy of data
in another site in real-time that includes updating both
copies of the database before a write is confirmed thus keeping
data sets in synch. |
| | |
| 657 | Copy-on-write: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 656. Subject matter relating to a concept that includes creating
a snapshot (i.e., a dynamic backup
copy) of the data just before modifying it so that the
database can be restored at any given point in time. |
| | |
| 659 | Mirroring configuration and management: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 655. Subject matter relating to set-up and oversight of
mirroring.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 654, | for subject matter relating to interface for management
processes that oversees backup including planning, scheduling, and
reporting. |
| 659, | for subject matter relating to set-up and
oversight of mirroring. |
|
| | |
| 660 | Mirroring optimization: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 655. Subject matter relating to improving the mirroring process
which comprises reducing latency, reducing resource consumption, or increase
availability of mirrored copies. |
| | |
| 661 | Database archive: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 609. Subject matter relating to database management systems in
which a copy of databases, database records, files, or
their associated metadata is to be used as a record or history for the
purpose of long-term storage.
| | (1)
Note. The term archive typically infers that the
copy made of the database, database record, file, or
their associated metadata is left not active. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 711, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Memory,
subclass 161 and 162 for archiving of memory and lower application
level archiving, and for backup of memory and lower application
level backup, respectively. |
|
| | |
| 667 | Means for or methods of archiving: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 661. Subject matter relating to different mechanisms, methodologies
and structures for moving data to off-line storage, designed
to support specific data redundancy and recoverability standards
and requirements, taking into account a variety of possible
system architectures. |
| | |
| 668 | Automatic archiving: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 667. Subject matter relating to scheduling the movement of data
to occur without additional user action, for example at
a given time or on a given event. |
| | |
| 669 | Data dump: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 668. Subject matter relating to automatic archiving of a database
being created by exporting data to the archive periodically. |
| | |
| 671 | Manual archiving: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 667. Subject matter involving manual selection of data from a
database to be archived and its archival destination. |
| | |
| 673 | Indexing the archive: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 661. Subject matter relating to creating an index of archive
data as an ordered list of search key values and pointers. |
| | |
| 674 | Database recovery: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 609. Subject matter wherein a database, database record, or
associated metadata is restored to a desired consistent state.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass excludes the underlying hardware, processors
and RAID. |
| | (2)
Note. This subclass excludes system failures or physical
failures. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 711, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Memory,
subclass 161 and 162 for archiving of memory and lower application
level archiving, and for backup of memory and lower application
level backup, respectively. |
| 714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
subclasses 2 through 20and 748 for fault recovery including physical and
data system recovery and disaster recovery, failure of
devices and physical errors. |
|
| | |
| 675 | Database recovery model: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 674. Subject matter relating to the establishment and implementation
of restoring data (i.e., defining what
is involved in restoring data). |
| | |
| 676 | Full database recovery: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 675. Subject matter relating to the recovery model that uses
point in time logging of all transactions to allow for recovery
to any point in time. |
| | |
| 677 | Simple database recovery: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 675. Subject matter relating to the recovery model including
restoring data in a database to a point in time of the last backup
without using an update log. |
| | |
| 679 | Database restore: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 678. Subject matter directed to the restore phase in the recovery
process.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery, appropriate subclasses for state transitions |
|
| | |
| 680 | Complete database restore: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Subject matter relating to restoring and recovering an entire
database as a whole.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery, appropriate subclasses for diagnostics and analysis
of failures |
|
| | |
| 683 | Redo (i.e., roll forward): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 678. Subject matter relating to database management systems that
cause all the changes to be replayed and committed since a certain
point in time (i.e. the last backup).
| | (1)
Note. This subclass excludes instruction and lower
level processing. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
subclass 16 for forward recovery. |
|
| | |
| 684 | Undo (i.e., roll back): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 678. Subject matter relating to database management systems that
cause all the changes to be rolled back to a certain point in the
past.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
subclass 19 for undo record. |
|
| | |
| 685 | Incremental recovery: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 674. Subject matter relating to database management systems that
cause specified targets to be recovered from a last point in time
backup. |
| | |
| 686 | Recovery optimization: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 674. Subject matter directed to processes that improve recovery (e.g., the
time it takes, the amount of storage required).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclass 14 , 19, and 45-61 for related
applications of optimization methods using suboptimal solutions, heuristic
methods, nonlinear optimizations, and related
techniques. See class 706 line notes for further examples. |
|
| | |
| 687 | DATA INTEGRITY: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter for assuring and preserving the accuracy, validity, usability, state
and consistency of databases, database records, files, and
associated metadata, including detecting and monitoring
data for issues, conflicts and errors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 711, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Memory, for garbage collection, per se, in addition,
subclasses 1 through 6for addressing particular memory configurations and
systems, subclasses 100 through 173 for memory accessing
and control, per se, (in particular subclasses 113
for disk caching, subclasses 117 through 146 for hierarchical
memory, per se, (including caching), subclasses 147
through 153 for shared memory accessing and control, subclasses
154 through 166 for memory control, maintenance and management
techniques (including subclasses 161 and 162 for archiving
and backup under memory accessing and subclasses 163 and 164 for
memory access limiting), and subclasses 170 through
173 for memory configuring and allocation), and
subclasses 200 through 221 for address formation processing, particularly
subclass 216 for address hashing. |
| 713, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Support, appropriate subclasses for system access control
and multiple computer communication in combination with cryptography, and
synchronizing clocks. |
| 714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
subclasses 1 through 57and subclass 100 for data processing system error
or fault handling including state recovery, and subclasses
47.1 through 47.3 for actively preventing errors; appropriate subclasses
for state validity checks, error and fault detection, and
monitoring. |
| 726, | Information Security,
subclass 1 for policy, subclasses 2 through 21 for access
control and authentication, subclasses 22 through 25 for
monitoring or scanning of software or data including attack prevention, subclasses
26 through 33 for prevention of unauthorized use of data including prevention
of piracy, privacy violations or unauthorized data modification. |
|
| | |
| 691 | Repair consistency errors: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 690. Subject matter relating to fixing data so that it conforms
to constraints.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass is for internal consistency within
a database. Consistency among plural databases is classified
elsewhere in this class. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 610, | for consistency among plural databases. |
|
| | |
| 692 | Data cleansing, data scrubbing, and deleting duplicates: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 687. Subject matter relating to any data cleansing or scrubbing
operations in order to correct or screen inconsistent and/or
corrupt data.
| | (1)
Note. For classification herein, the data can
be, for example, records in a database, data
in XML nodes, data in a file. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 708, | for subject matter relating to selecting which database(s) to
search based on the topic or category of the query submitted to
the meta-search engine. |
| 755, | for subject matter relating to breaking down an
input comprised of a data structure or data object into finer components
for the purpose of further processing or storage of the data structure or
data object. The finer components are identified because
they have an individual value. |
| 771, | for subject matter relating to categorizing a query
into a particular group or category so that only data in that group
or category needs to be searched. |
| 811, | for subject matter wherein data is received in unstructured
form (such as by importing and parsing a document or web
page), and converted to a form that can be stored
in a data structure/database schema. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 715, | Data Processing: Presentation Processing
of Document, Operator Interface Processing, and
Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 234 through 242for structured documents and in particular, subclass
239 for conversion from one markup language to another (e.g., XML
to HTML or utilizing an intermediate format), and
subclass 249 for format transformation. |
|
| | |
| 693 | Fragmentation, compaction and compression: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 687. Subject matter relating to database management systems performing
compression of data from tables and records to reduce the storage space
requirements, which includes encoding information in fewer
bits and dividing data into pieces, and the reverse processes
such as defragmentation and decompression.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 348, | Television,
subclass 14.13 for television signal and transmission compression. |
| 360, | Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, for apparatus and corresponding processes for the
storage and retrieval of information based on relative movement
between a magnetic record carrier and a transducer (e.g., magnetic
disk drives). |
| 369, | Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, various
subclasses for record carriers and systems wherein data are stored
and retrieved by interaction with a medium and there is relative
motion between a medium and a transducer (e.g., optical
disks, CD-ROMs, jukeboxes), particularly
subclasses 30.01 through 41.01, 69, and 176 through 271 for
designating or selecting storage media to be used for storage and
retrieval. |
| 370, | Multiplex Communications,
subclass 477 for conserving transmission bandwidth, subclass
521 for time compression or expansion. |
| 380, | Cryptography,
subclass 217 for video compression cryptography, subclass 269
for communication compression. |
| 382, | Image Analysis,
subclass 232 for image compression. |
| 704, | Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics, Language
Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclass 500 for audio and speech compression. |
| 708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating,
subclass 203 for electric digital calculating computers performing
specialized functions for compressing or decompressing data. |
| 709, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Multicomputer Data Transferring,
subclass 247 for compression to reduce the transfer payload
volume. |
| 713, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Support, appropriate subclasses for compressions algorithms
related to authentication and security. |
|
| | |
| 694 | Policy, rule-based management of record, files
and documents: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 687. Subject matter relating to management of integrity policy
and rules.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 45 through 61for related methods on rule-based systems, self-managing, self-healing, self-protecting, and
autonomic computing. |
| 717, | Data Processing: Software Development, Installation, and
Management,
subclasses 168 through 173for version management, CVS, and
document management in data processing software development tool
environments. |
|
| | |
| 696 | Index maintenance: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 687. Subject matter for updating, defragmenting or rebuilding
an index to improve the performance of the index (e.g., by
reducing storage size or reducing access time).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 711, | for creating a structure by a search engine used
for the searching of web content consisting of feature frequency
and location. |
| 741, | for index generation by database management outside
of a search engine environment. |
|
| | |
| 697 | Using checksum: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 687. Subject matter relating to validation and comparison of
checksums being used to find data errors.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass excludes algorithms per se and
mathematical functions from definitions belonging to CRC, Hashing, and
checksum. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating,
subclasses 200 through 714for particular arithmetic function performed with
calculating computer including compression, decompression, detecting
a particular sequence of bits, and convolution and subclasses
530 through 534 for error detection or correction. |
| 713, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Support,
subclass 175 for mathematical algorithm for data verification. |
|
| | |
| 698 | Using hash function: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 697. Subject matter relating to validation and comparisons of
hash functions are used to find data errors.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass excludes algorithms, per
se, and mathematical functions from definitions belonging
to CRC, Hashing, and checksum. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating,
subclasses 200 through 714for particular arithmetic function performed with
calculating computer including compression, decompression, detecting
a particular sequence of bits, and convolution and subclasses
530 through 534 for error detection or correction. |
| 713, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Support,
subclass 175 for mathematical algorithm for data verification. |
|
| | |
| 699 | Using cyclic redundancy checking (CRC): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 697. Subject matter relating to validation and comparison of
CRC being used to find data errors.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass excludes algorithms per se and
mathematical functions from definitions belonging to CRC, Hashing, and
checksum. |
| | (2)
Note. This subclass is limited to using CRC in record, file, or
database management for verification. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating,
subclasses 200 through 714for particular arithmetic function performed with
calculating computer including compression, decompression, detecting
a particular sequence of bits, and convolution and subclasses
530 through 534 for error detection or correction. |
| 713, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Support,
subclass 175 for mathematical algorithm for data verification. |
| 714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection
Recovery,
subclasses 48 and 100 for CRC algorithm itself or details related
to using CRC for error detection such as in data transmission. |
|
| | |
| 700 | Range checking: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 687. Subject matter relating to validation of data values being
used to ensure that they fall within boundary constraints. |
| | |
| 703 | Transactional processing: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 687. Subject matter relating to the handling of integrity for
transactions to ensure atomicity, consistency, isolation
and durability. |
| | |
| 704 | Concurrent read/write management using locks: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 687. Subject matter relating to creating and enforcing limits
on access with the use of locks.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 781 | through 789 , for database access control methods and
lists. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 726, | Information Security, for processes or apparatus for increasing a systems extension
of protection of system hardware, software, or
data from maliciously caused destruction, unauthorized
modification, or unauthorized disclosure, per
se. |
|
| | |
| 705 | DATABASE AND FILE ACCESS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. . Subject matter relating to retrieval of information
stored in a database as well as restriction of access to a database.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 726, | Information Security, for processes or apparatus for increasing a system
s extension of protection of system hardware, software, or
data from maliciously caused destruction, unauthorized
modification, or unauthorized disclosure, per
se. |
|
| | |
| 706 | Search engines: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Subject matter relating to programs which enable an end
user to query unstructured, semi-structured or
structured documents that have been indexed, categorized
or organized.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 through 14,20, and 45-55 for related methods
of search engine techniques and methods involving decision making, agents
or "bots", pattern recognition, clustering, classification, data
mining, machine learning, context-based
analysis and semantic processing, particularly subclass
50 for related methods of knowledge base management; subclasses 45-55
for details relating to parsing using Natural Language Processing (NLP), probabilistic
reasoning, neural networks, fuzzy-processing, and related
analysis techniques. |
|
| | |
| 708 | Analyzing or parsing query to determine topic or category: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 707. Subject matter relating to selecting which database(s) to
search based on the topic or category of the query submitted to
the meta-search engine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 692, | for subject matter relating to any data cleansing
or scrubbing operations in order to correct or screen inconsistent and/or
corrupt data. |
| 755, | for subject matter relating to breaking down an
input comprised of a data structure or data object into finer components
for the purpose of further processing or storage of the data structure or
data object. The finer components are identified because
they have an individual value. |
| 771, | for subject matter relating to categorizing a query
into a particular group or category so that only data in that group
or category needs to be searched. |
| 811, | for subject matter wherein data is received in unstructured
form (such as by importing and parsing a document or web
page), and converted to a form that can be stored
in a data structure/database schema. |
|
| | |
| 709 | Web crawlers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 706. Subject matter relating to programs commonly known as Spider, Bots, and
Harvesters, which include an automated program that is
used by search engines to acquire content for indexing that often
employ filtering and categorizing techniques to remove unwanted
content including advertisement data.
| | (1)
Note. These subclasses accept crawling for a specific
MIME type and crawling for specific content e.g., sports, medicine. | |
| | |
| 710 | Category specific web crawling: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 709. Subject matter relating to crawling documents to acquire
contents using filtering and categorizing techniques so that only
content within certain categories is returned. |
| | |
| 711 | Index generation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 706. Subject matter relating to creating a structure by a search
engine used for the searching of web content comprising feature
frequency and location.
| | (1)
Note. Content features include character, word
or phrase; and, locations include an inverted
index data structure. |
| | (2)
Note. The index may be created locally or remotely
by the search engine. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 696, | for updating, defragmenting or rebuilding
an index to improve the performance of the index. |
| 741, | for index generation by database management outside
of a search engine environment. |
|
| | |
| 713 | Query optimization: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Subject matter relating to mechanisms, methodologies
and structures within a database management system designed to support
analysis and consideration of different ways of processing a query (i.e., different
query plans) such that the query is processed as efficiently as
possible, minimizing the time to process the query and
the resources utilized.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 through 14,19, 21, and 45-61 for
optimization methods using suboptimal solutions, heuristic
methods, and nonlinear optimizations; for planning
algorithms related to adaptation, learning, or
optimization; for methods related to cost prediction algorithms; for methods
related to the decisions using incomplete data, such as
when some resources are unknown, and for methods related
to learning or predicting based on historical data. |
|
| | |
| 714 | Based on joins: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 713. Subject matter relating to the optimization of a query based
on joining of database structures in order to more efficiently execute
a query. |
| | |
| 716 | Based on access path: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 713. Subject matter relating to the optimization of a query by
choosing an efficient order or path in which to execute a query (i.e., choosing
which tables to execute a query against first). |
| | |
| 717 | Based on materialized view: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 713. Subject matter relating to the optimization of a query by
selecting a set of views that should be kept for future use in query
execution. |
| | |
| 718 | Query execution plan: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 713. Subject matter relating to optimizing query execution by
having set processes or plans to execute queries of certain types (e.g., adjusting the
ordering of processing the subqueries so that the query is executed
in a more efficient manner). |
| | |
| 719 | Query cost estimation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 713. Subject matter relating to processes by which the cost (e.g., time, amount
of data movement) of executing a query using different
strategies is examined before choosing the best strategy for the
situation. |
| | |
| 720 | Based on resource consumption: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 719. Subject matter relating to performing cost estimation by
evaluating processor time and memory consumption of strategies in
order to choose the best strategy for the situation. |
| | |
| 721 | Based on query history: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 713. Subject matter relating to performing query optimization
by looking at records of execution of past queries and basing the
optimization process on what is learned from these records. |
| | |
| 722 | Post processing of search results: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Subject matter relating to post-processing of query
operations performed on records, files, and their
associated metadata to facilitate more efficient comprehension and
presentation of the records or files.
| | (1)
Note. The post-processing operations typically
include ranking query or search results and/or providing
a customized view of results. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 14 , 20, and 45-48 for methods
related to post-processing using correlation, clustering, or
pattern recognition. |
|
| | |
| 723 | Ranking search results: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 722. Subject matter relating to assigning a value to search results
based on set criteria to provide rankings to search results which
usually entails placing higher ranked search results higher in the
list of results displayed to the user.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 748, | for ranking scoring and weighting of database records. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 through 14and 45-61 if ranking method is directed
to the overall structure of knowledge or ontology, or for
ranking methods using learning and/or adaptation. |
|
| | |
| 724 | Spatial (i.e., location
based): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 723. Subject matter relating to assigning a higher rank to search
results that are closer to a desired geographical location and a
lower rank to search results that are further from that desired
geographical location.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 through 14and 45-61 if ranking method is directed
to the overall structure of knowledge or ontology, or for
ranking methods using learning and/or adaptation. |
|
| | |
| 725 | Temporal (i.e., time
based): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 723. Subject matter relating to assigning a higher rank to search
results that are more current or closer to a desired time and assigning
a lower rank to search results that are older or further away from
a desired time.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 through 14and 45-61 if ranking method is directed
to the overall structure of knowledge or ontology, or for
ranking methods using learning and/or adaptation. |
|
| | |
| 727 | Frequency of document selection: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 723. Subject matter relating to assigning a higher rank to search
results based on the history of selection (e.g., frequency
of access) of that document in past queries. |
| | |
| 728 | Relevance of document based on features in query: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 723. Subject matter relating to assigning a higher rank to search
results that have a higher occurrence of words or phrases that are
part of the search query and assigning a lower rank to search results
that have a lower occurrence of the words or phrases.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 , 20, 22 and 45-61 for
methods related to machine learning (e.g., deterministic
state machines etc.), adaptive relevance processing, pattern
relevance, and relevance by classification. |
|
| | |
| 729 | Location of features in the document: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 728. Subject matter relating to assigning a higher rank to search
results in which words or phrases from the query appear in more
prominent locations such as the title, areas with larger
or emphasized text, or in the beginning of the search result
document and assigning a lower rank to search results in which words
or phrases form the query appear in less prominent locations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 through 14,20, 22 and 45-55 for feature
recognition or feature detection methods that adapt, learn, classify, or
cluster. |
|
| | |
| 730 | Frequency of features in the document: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 728. Subject matter relating to assigning a higher rank to search
results in which words or phrases from the query appear more often
and assigning a lower rank to search results in which words or phrases
from the query occur less often.
| | (1)
Note. The distance between the occurrence of words
or phrases of the query in the search result is often another feature used
in this type of ranking. | |
| | |
| 731 | Based on category of the query and the document: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 723. Subject matter relating to assigning a higher rank to search
results that fall within a category of a query wherein the category
may be determined based on explicit selection of the user or by
performing an analysis on the query itself. |
| | |
| 732 | Personalized results: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 723. Subject matter relating to the assigning of a rank to a
search result based on a user profile wherein the profile may be
unique for use by that user or may be designated for use with a group
of users that have similar roles.
| | (1)
Note. Group profiles are also known as collaborative
profiles. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 through 14and 45-61 for personal profiles that use artificial
intelligence techniques to learn, adapt, apply
knowledge, make decisions, have specific management of
a knowledge base, or have a specific representation, reasoning, or
processing of information. |
|
| | |
| 733 | Explicit profile: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 732. Subject matter relating to the assigning of a rank to a
search results based on a user or group profile wherein the user, group, or administrator
is given the chance to define or edit the profile by making explicit
selections. |
| | |
| 734 | Implicit profile: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 732. Subject matter relating to the assigning of a rank to search
results based on a user or group profile that is defined and can
be adapted over time by analysis of the interaction of the user or
group of users with a computerized system. |
| | |
| 735 | Artificial inflation of search rank: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 723. Subject matter relating to processes which cause a particular
instance of a search result to rank higher in the results even though
it may not be the most relevant result.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass also includes processes meant
to prevent the inflation of search results. |
| | (2)
Note. This type of ranking is also known as search
engine optimization. |
| | (3)
Note. This subclass is for recognizing and trying
to eliminate SPAM in search results and for systems that cause low relevance
results to appear more relevant. E-mail SPAM filtering
is classified elsewhere. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 through 14and 45-61 for inflating search ranks based on
data fusion, machine learning, preferences, classification, or
clustering. |
| 709, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Multicomputer
Data Transferring,
subclasses 204 through 206for computer conferencing and demand based e-mail
communications including spam filtering. |
|
| | |
| 736 | Preparing data for information retrieval: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Subject matter relating to pre-processing operations
performed on records, files, or their associated
metadata to facilitate more efficient access of the records or files
which typically include ordering, organizing, and
filtering. |
| | |
| 737 | Clustering and grouping: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 736. Subject matter relating to preparing data by placing data
that is similar into a group cluster or partition so that it is
easier to find at a later time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 794, | for Semantic Network for structure of ontologies
and taxonomies. |
| 696, | for Index Maintenance. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 through 14and 45-61 for clustering, grouping, and classifying
methods including unsupervised or supervised learning, discovery, LSA, and
LSI. |
|
| | |
| 738 | Based on topic: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 737. Subject matter relating to clustering or grouping data based
on the main idea that the data items portray.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass is for segmenting data along
topic lines where there is only nominal recitation of the environment and
the focus is on the preparation of the data for information retrieval. | |
| | |
| 739 | Latent semantic index or analysis (LSI or LSA): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 737. Subject matter relating to items being clustered or grouped
together when they include many of the same features (i.e., words).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclass 55 for details related to algorithms for semantic
networks, LSI, LSA, etc. |
|
| | |
| 740 | Cataloging: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 737. Subject matter wherein clustering or grouping is based on
known categories, and new documents are cataloged into
those set categories. |
| | |
| 741 | Generating an index: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 736. Subject matter relating to the generation of data structures
by a database management system which improves the efficiency of
look-up operations of data items stored in a data store
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 696, | for updating, defragmenting or rebuilding
an index to improve the performance of the index. |
| 711, | for creating a structure by a search engine used
for the searching of web content consisting of feature frequency
and location. |
|
| | |
| 742 | Inverted index: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 741. Subject matter relating to a type of index that facilitates
the mapping of words to their location in a set of documents, typically
used in document retrieval systems and search engines. |
| | |
| 743 | Spatial index: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 741. Subject matter relating to a type of index that allows data
to be stored and accessed in a two dimensional context, effectively
mapping the data to the (X, Y) coordinate
pair (e.g., this can include
Grid and R-trees). |
| | |
| 744 | Sparse index: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 741. Subject matter wherein relating to a type of index wherein
the index records are only created for some of the records and it
contains pairs of keys and pointers for every block (i.e., not
records) in a data file. |
| | |
| 745 | Bitmap index: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 741. Subject matter relating to a special type of index wherein
the column values are stored in bits. |
| | |
| 747 | Using a hash: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 741. Subject matter relating to a type of index that allows key
value pairs to be stored based on a pseudo randomizing function
called hash function.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass excludes hashing algorithm per
se and mathematical algorithms. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 370, | Multiplex Communications,
subclass 395.32 for subject matter related to re-routing
network packets using employing particular searching function (e.g., hashing, alternate, re-routing). |
| 380, | Cryptography,
subclass 217 for video and communication compression. |
| 713, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Support,
subclass 175 for generating hash functions relevant to security. |
|
| | |
| 748 | Ranking, scoring or weighting records: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 736. Subject matter relating to assigning a value to data items
such as records, files or their associated metadata based
on set criteria to provide a distinction between data items. |
| | |
| 749 | Based on record similarity and relevance: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 748. Subject matter relating to assigning the ranking, scoring, or
weighting based on the similarity (e.g., closeness), or
relevance, measured between a plurality of data items.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 through 14and 45-61 if ranking is directed to the overall
structure of knowledge or ontology, or for ranking methods using
learning and/or adaptation. |
|
| | |
| 751 | Based on historical data: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 748. Subject matter relating to assigning the ranking, scoring, or
weighting based on past selection of a data item when compared to
selection of a group of data items.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 through 14and 45-61 for algorithm details related
to learning or predicting based on historical data. |
|
| | |
| 752 | Sorting and ordering data: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 736. Subject matter relating to ordering and reordering data
based on a selected record, such as, putting data
into a numerical or alphabetical order. |
| | |
| 753 | Sorting indices: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 752. Subject matter relating to the ordering of an index to a
record so that the record can appear to be ordered in a particular
manner. |
| | |
| 754 | Filtering data: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 736. Subject matter relating to extracting and removing of either
wanted or unwanted data from a data source, wherein the
data source typically comprises some form of structured data.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass excludes SPAM, e-mail, targeted
ads. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 705, | Data Processing: Financial, Business Practice, Management, or Cost/Price Determination
subclass 14 Distribution or redemption of coupon, or incentive
or promotion program. |
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclass 14 , 22, and 45-61 for filtering
using data fusion, Kalman filtering, probabilistic
reasoning, decision theory, etc. |
| 715, | Data Processing: Presentation Processing
of Document, Operator Interface Processing, and
Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 234 through 242for structured documents and in particular, subclass
239 for Conversion from one markup language to another (e.g., XML
to HTML or utilizing an intermediate format) and subclass
249 for format transformation. |
| 726, | Information Security, for processes or apparatus for increasing a systems extension
of protection of system hardware, software, or
data from maliciously caused destruction, unauthorized
modification, or unauthorized disclosure, per
se. |
|
| | |
| 755 | Parsing data structures and data objects: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 736. Subject matter relating to breaking down an input comprised
of a data structure or data object into finer components for the
purpose of further processing or storage of the data structure or
data object.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass does not require a structural
change in the data. No transformation occurs. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 692, | for subject matter relating to any data cleansing
or scrubbing operations in order to correct or screen inconsistent and/or
corrupt data. |
| 708, | for subject matter relating to selecting which database(s) to
search based on the topic or category of the query submitted to
the meta-search engine. |
| 771, | for subject matter relating to categorizing a query
into a particular group or category so that only data in that group
or category needs to be searched. |
| 811, | for subject matter wherein data is received in unstructured
form (such as by importing and parsing a document or web
page), and converted to a form that can be stored
in a data structure/database schema. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 45 through 55for Natural Language Processing (NLP), probabilistic
reasoning, neural networks, fuzzy-processing, and
analysis methods. |
| 715, | Data Processing: Presentation Processing
of Document, Operator Interface Processing, and
Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 234 through 242for structured documents and in particular, subclass
239 for Conversion from one markup language to another (e.g., XML
to HTML or utilizing an intermediate format) and subclass
249 for fomat transformation. |
|
| | |
| 756 | Transforming data structures and data objects: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 736. Subject matter relating to changing format of a data structure, or
data objects, using various methods such as a translation, mapping, or altering
with the purpose of facilitating further processing of the data
structure or data object.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass excludes the conversion and/or
mapping of data being transferred. |
| | (2)
Note. This subclass is not concerned with identifying
proper transformations from one schema to another. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 602, | for retrieving, cleaning, preparing, converting, migrating, integrating, and/or
storing data into the data warehouse. |
| 761, | for converting a query from one query language to
another query language. |
| 802, | for the management of data structures, including
their definition and creation, modification, transformation and
population. |
| 809, | for generalized transformation/conversion
from one schema to another. |
| 810, | for subject matter wherein data is transferred from
one schema/structure to another through the use of a logical data
model. |
| 975, | for transferring of data from one database having
one database schema to another database having a different database
schema. |
|
| | |
| 758 | Record, file, and data search and comparisons: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Subject matter relating to processes that attempt to locate
or match records or files desired by the user or computer system.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass does not include query optimization
processes. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 713, | and its indented subclasses for query optimization
processes. |
|
| | |
| 759 | Query statement modification: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 758. Subject matter relating to adapting a query statement from
its original form in order to assist in retrieval and execution
of desired search results.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 769, | for database query processing. |
|
| | |
| 761 | Verifying or testing translated query: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 760. Subject matter relating to performing a test to translated
queries in order to test performance or to insure that the query
was translated correctly.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 602, | for retrieving, cleaning, preparing, converting, migrating, integrating, and/or
storing data into the data warehouse. |
| 756, | for changing the format of a data structure, or
data objects, using various methods such as a translation, mapping, or
altering with the purpose of facilitating further processing of the
data structure or data object. |
| 802, | for the management of data structures, including
their definition and creation, modification, transformation and
population. |
| 809, | for generalized transformation/conversion
from one schema to another. |
| 810, | for subject matter wherein data is transferred from
one schema/structure to another through the use of a logical data
model. |
| 975, | for transferring of data from one database having
one database schema to another database having a different database
schema. |
|
| | |
| 762 | Legacy query generator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 760. Subject matter relating to performing a query translation
in order to access a legacy (i.e., an older
existing computerized system) database system. |
| | |
| 763 | Query mapping: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 760. Subject matter relating to performing a query translation
by using a map of query elements in one language or schema that
tells the equivalent element in another language or schema. |
| | |
| 765 | Query expansion or refinement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 759. Subject matter relating to processes of adapting an original
query in order to provide more recall or precision.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass accepts thesauri. | |
| | |
| 766 | Interactive query refinement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 765. Subject matter relating to adapting an original query by
user interaction to get more desired results as chosen by the user.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 11 through 14and 45-61 if the interaction learns from the
user, or makes judgments or decisions based on the interaction
and for chat processing, Natural Language Processing (NLP), learning
or prediction. |
| 715, | Data Processing: Presentation Processing
of Document, Operator Interface Processing, and
Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 200 through 277for document processing performed by a computer
for presentation including annotation and document editing, and
subclasses 700 through 866 for operator interface processing. |
|
| | |
| 768 | Based on query history: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 765. Subject matter relating to adapting an original query based
on an analysis of past queries.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 11 through 14and 45-61 for learning or predicting methods
based on historical data. |
|
| | |
| 769 | Database query processing: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 758. Subject matter relating to execution of a request for data
by a computerized data processing system.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 759, | for query statement modification. |
|
| | |
| 770 | Distributed search and retrieval: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter relating to processes that locate and retrieve
data from multiple databases located over different locations around
a network.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 10 and 45-61 for agent, multiagent, or
distributed agent systems performing search and retrieval employing
artificial intelligence. |
|
| | |
| 771 | Analyzing or parsing query to determine topic or category: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter relating to categorizing a query into a particular
group or category so that only data in that group or category needs
to be searched.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 692, | for subject matter relating to any data cleansing
or scrubbing operations in order to correct or screen inconsistent and/or
corrupt data. |
| 708, | for subject matter relating to selecting which database(s) to
search based on the topic or category of the query submitted to
the meta-search engine. |
| 755, | for subject matter relating to breaking down an
input comprised of a data structure or data object into finer components
for the purpose of further processing or storage of the data structure or
data object. The finer components are identified because
they have an individual value. |
| 811, | for subject matter wherein data is received in unstructured
form (such as by importing and parsing a document or web
page), and converted to a form that can be stored
in a data structure/database schema. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 45 through 55for parsing using Natural Language Processing (NLP), probabilistic
reasoning, neural networks, fuzzy-processing, and
analysis techniques or methods. |
|
| | |
| 772 | Query-by-example: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter relating to queries that are unstructured
examples instead of a formalized structured query (e.g., the
user may submit an example text string or document and documents
or records which are similar to the example string or documents
are retrieved). |
| | |
| 774 | Nested queries: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter relating to execution of a query wherein
the query is comprised of two or more sub-queries. |
| | |
| 775 | Cascading queries: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter relating to execution of a group of queries
wherein a query that is executed later is executed against the result
set of a prior query. |
| | |
| 776 | Data mining: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter relating to the analysis and interpretation
of large datasets to find new associations, patterns, and
relationships amongst the data.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 600, | for data mining in data warehouse systems. |
| 607, | for on-line transactional processing, per
se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 45 through 61for data artificial intelligence mining methods, rule/relation
discovery, knowledge processing systems handling mined
information, and mining datasets. |
|
| | |
| 777 | Taxonomy discovery: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 776. Subject matter relating to analysis and interpretation of
large datasets to build/construct a taxonomy for future
searching.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 45 through 61for inductive reasoning or other intelligent discovery
methods. |
|
| | |
| 779 | Query templates: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter relating to generating or using predefined
forms to construct a query and its parameters. |
| | |
| 780 | Fuzzy searching and comparisons: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter relating to searching wherein queries and
algorithms generate best match results based on likely relevance
even though the inputted search may not match exactly.
| | (1)
Note. Fuzzy searching is also known as inexact or
approximate matching. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 1 through 9,12, 14, and 45-61 for
details related to fuzzy logic, reasoning under uncertainty, etc. |
|
| | |
| 781 | Database access control methods: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Subject matter relating to granting and denying the user
access to requested data or by choosing locations to retrieve data
from when it is requested.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass is directed to access control
in database systems. |
| | (2)
Note. This subclass excludes aspects of computer
system security, such as details of encryption algorithms, decryption algorithms, firewalls, virus
protection, spamming, algorithms for generating passwords
and user names. |
| | (3)
Note. This subclass does not include data integrity
operations. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 380, | Cryptography, for equipment and processes which (a) conceal
or obscure intelligible information by transforming such information
so as to make the information unintelligible to a casual or unauthorized
recipient, or (b) extract intelligible
information from such a concealed representation, including
breaking of unknown codes and messages. |
| 713, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Support, appropriate subclasses for system access control
and multiple computer communication in combination with cryptography, and
synchronizing clocks. |
| 726, | Information Security,
subclass 1 for policy, subclasses 2 through 21 for access
control and authentication, subclasses 22 through 25 for
monitoring or scanning of software or data including attack prevention, subclasses
26 through 33 for prevention of unauthorized use of data including prevention
of piracy, privacy violations or unauthorized data modification. |
|
| | |
| 782 | Alternative access and redirection: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Subject matter relating to providing requested data access
to a user at alternative sites or different data locations, which
can be both for load balancing and in order to provide the user with
data that is more proximate to the user s current location.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass excludes redirection due to failure
or system errors. | |
| | |
| 783 | Privileged access: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Subject matter relating to determination and granting of
access to data and files by direct means, such as by the
file or database creator or database manager, or by indirect
means, such as by inheritance, by group/user
access profiles created, by a user or a computer system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 11 through 14and 45-61 for methods related to privileged
access using intelligent computations, machine learning, inference, intelligent
user profiling. |
|
| | |
| 784 | Based on user profile: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 783. Subject matter relating to granting or denying user access
to data based on a profile that has been previously set up. |
| | |
| 785 | Access control lists: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 784. Subject matter relating to granting or denying user access
wherein the user profile is a list of areas the user has a right
to access or a list of areas the user does not have a right to access. |
| | |
| 786 | Hierarchical access control: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 785. Subject matter relating to user profiles wherein the data
elements have a hierarchical relationship, and when the
user is granted access to a node, the user is in turn given
access to the child nodes of that node. |
| | |
| 790 | DATABASE DESIGN: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. . Subject matter wherein detailed information for
implementing a database and/or database management system
are provided, including data modeling, schema, conceptual layout
and physical layout.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 703, | Data Processing: Structural Design, Modeling, Simulation, and
Emulation,
subclass 3 for modeling by mathematical expression. |
| 715, | Data Processing: Presentation Processing
of Document, Operator Interface Processing, and
Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 700 through 866for operator interface processing. |
| 716, | Computer-Aided Design and Analysis of
Circuits and Semiconductor Masks,
subclasses 50 through 56for design of semiconductor masks and subclasses
100 through 139 for circuit design. |
| 717, | Data Processing: Software Development, Installation, and
Management, appropriate subclasses for data processing software
development. |
|
| | |
| 791 | Data structure types: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 790. Subject matter directed to data structure, per
se, which involves the actual organization of data in its
simplest form (e.g., trees, arrays, linked lists).
| | (1)
Note. Use of conventional data structures for the
creation and management of records, files, or
messages are classified under subclass 802. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 1 through 61if artificial intelligence techniques or structures
are involved. |
|
| | |
| 792 | Database management system frameworks: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 791. Subject matter wherein object oriented data structures define
one or more of the following aspects of the database management
system: (a) the data storage, (b) data
access methods, (c) schema, (d) views, (e) interfaces.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass encompasses structures which
define the DBMS itself. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 793, | for the details of the underlying database and structures
thereof. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 717, | Data Processing: Software Development, Installation, and
Management, appropriate subclasses for data processing software
development. |
|
| | |
| 793 | Custom data structure types: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 791. Subject matter wherein customized data structures designed
to support specific applications are created and/or managed (e.g., data
structures to manage page layout in a document). |
| | |
| 794 | Semantic network: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 793. Subject matter wherein the customized data structures are
designed to store some type of knowledge representation, such
as a semantic network, ontology, taxonomy, or
concept-relation-concept (C-R-C) triples.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclass 55 for semantic network by a knowledge processing
system. |
|
| | |
| 796 | Including structural features to support data retrieval
and/or manipulation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 793. Subject matter wherein the customized data structures include
features which are designed to support management (e.g., retrieval
or manipulation) of data.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 12 through 14,20, 22, and 45-55 for
details on feature analysis and extraction algorithms that adapt, learn, classify, cluster, etc. |
|
| | |
| 797 | Trees: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 791. Subject matter wherein a data structure is represented as
an acyclic connected graph where each node has a set of zero or
more children nodes, and at most one parent node are created and/or
managed.
| | (1)
Note. All types of tree data structures not provided
for elsewhere are included in this subclass, including
B-trees, B+-trees, binary
trees, or tries. |
| | (2)
Note. One example of a tree management operation
to be included within this subclass is a tree balancing operation. | |
| | |
| 798 | Graphs: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 791. Subject matter comprising creating or managing an abstract
data type (ADT) that consists of a set of nodes (i.e., vertices) and
a set of edges that establish relationships between the nodes.
| | (1)
Note. All types of graph data structures not provided
for elsewhere are included in this subclass, including, for
example, directed and undirected graphs, and networks. | |
| | |
| 799 | Queues: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 791. Subject matter including a created and/or managed
data structure that contains buffered elements, generally
following a FIFO or LIFO priority for removal.
| | (1)
Note. All types of queue data structures are included
in this subclass, including, for example, circular
queue and priority queues. | |
| | |
| 800 | Linked lists: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 791. Subject matter including a created and/or managed
data structure containing a list of values, where each
value references a next value in the collection.
| | (1)
Note. All types of linked list data structures are
included in this subclass, including, for example
doubly-linked lists. | |
| | |
| 801 | Arrays: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 791. Subject matter including a created and/or managed
data structure containing a list of elements that are referenced
by an index.
| | (1)
Note. All types of array data structures are included
in this subclass, including, for example, bitmaps
and stacks. | |
| | |
| 802 | Database and data structure management: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 790. Subject matter which facilitates the management of data
structures, including their definition and creation, modification, transformation and
population.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 761, | for converting a query from one query language to
another query language. |
| 756, | for changing the format of a data structure, or
data objects, using various methods such as a translation, mapping, or
altering with the purpose of facilitating further processing of the
data structure or data object. |
| 602, | for retrieving, cleaning, preparing, converting, migrating, integrating, and/or
storing data into the data warehouse. |
| 809, | for generalized transformation/conversion
from one schema to another. |
| 810, | for subject matter wherein data is transferred from
one schema/structure to another through the use of a logical data
model. |
| 975, | for transferring of data from one database having
one database schema to another database having a different database
schema. |
|
| | |
| 804 | Automatic generation based on input file or data: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 803. Subject matter wherein a database, schema, or data
structure is automatically generated based upon input data (e.g., a
data file).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 706, | Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 11 through 13,16, 45-61 for automatic generation involving
intelligence, decisions, inference, detailed
classification algorithms, detailed clustering algorithms, adaptation, or
learning. |
|
| | |
| 805 | Via a graphical user interface: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 803. Subject matter wherein a database, schema, or data
structure is generated or modified through the use of a graphical
user interface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 601, | for automating schema definition of a data warehouse. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 715, | Data Processing: Presentation Processing
of Document, Operator Interface Processing, and
Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 700 through 866for operator interface processing. |
|
| | |
| 806 | Maintaining schema version information: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 805. Subject matter wherein a database schema can be modified, and
wherein schema version information is maintained such that different schema
versions can be utilized in database transactions (e.g., insert, select). |
| | |
| 807 | Through the use of structural data to support dynamic schemas: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 805. Subject matter wherein a database schema includes support
for dynamic schema management. The database schema includes
a subset of tables and fields which themselves represent the database
schema (e.g., a table storing
table information, a table storing field/attribute information, a
table storing key information, adding a new record to the
field/attribute table dynamically modifies a data table
by adding a new field/attribute). |
| | |
| 809 | Moving data from one schema or structure to another: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 802. Subject matter wherein data is transferred from one schema
or structure to another.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes the conversion and/or
mapping of data being transferred. |
| | (2)
Note. This subclass is concerned with identifying
proper transformations from one schema to another. The
execution of such transformations to store data in a database is
classified elsewhere. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 602, | for retrieving, cleaning, preparing, converting, migrating, integrating, and/or
storing data into the data warehouse. |
| 756, | for changing the format of a data structure, or
data objects, using various methods such as a translation, mapping, or
altering with the purpose of facilitating further processing of the
data structure or data object. |
| 761, | for converting a query from one query language to
another query language. |
| 802, | for the management of data structures, including
their definition and creation, modification, transformation and
population. |
| 810, | for subject matter wherein data is transferred from
one schema/structure to another through the use of a logical data
model. |
| 975, | for transferring of data from one database having
one database schema to another database having a different database
schema. |
|
| | |
| 810 | Through the use of a logical data model: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Subject matter wherein data is transferred from a schema
or data structure to another schema or data structure through the
use of a business model.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 602, | for retrieving, cleaning, preparing, converting, migrating, integrating, and/or
storing data into the data warehouse. |
| 756, | for changing the format of a data structure, or
data objects, using various methods such as a translation, mapping, or
altering with the purpose of facilitating further processing of the
data structure or data object. |
| 761, | for converting a query from one query language to
another query language. |
| 802, | for the management of data structures, including
their definition and creation, modification, transformation and
population. |
| 809, | for generalized transformation/conversion
from one schema to another. |
| 975, | for transferring of data from one database having
one database schema to another database having a different database
schema. |
|
| | |
| 811 | From unstructured or semi-structured data to structured
data: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Subject matter wherein data is received in unstructured
form, such as by importing and parsing a document or web
page, and converted to a form that can be stored in a data structure/database
schema.
| | (1)
Note. Examples of documents to be parsed are XML
or markup language files. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 692, | for subject matter relating to any data cleansing
or scrubbing operations in order to correct or screen inconsistent and/or
corrupt data. |
| 708, | for subject matter relating to selecting which database(s) to
search based on the topic or category of the query submitted to
the meta-search engine. |
| 755, | for subject matter relating to breaking down an
input comprised of a data structure or data object into finer components
for the purpose of further processing or storage of the data structure or
data object. The finer components are identified because
they have an individual value. |
| 771, | for subject matter relating to categorizing a query
into a particular group or category so that only data in that group
or category needs to be searched. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 715, | Data Processing: Presentation Processing
of Document, Operator Interface Processing, and
Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 234 through 242for structured documents and in particular, subclass
239 for conversion from one markup language to another (e.g., XML
to HTML or utilizing an intermediate format) and subclass
249 for format transformation. |
|
| | |
| 812 | Data storage operations: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 802. Subject matter wherein data is received for storage, and
the most suitable device, volume, location or
data structure/schema is selected for storage based on
the characteristics of the data to be stored.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 360, | Dynamic Magnetic Information Storage or Retrieval, for apparatus and corresponding processes for the
storage and retrieval of information based on relative movement
between a magnetic record carrier and a transducer (e.g., magnetic
disk drives). |
| 365, | Static Information Storage and Retrieval, various subclasses for apparatus or corresponding
processes for the static storage and retrieval of information. |
| 369, | Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, various
subclasses for record carriers and systems wherein data are stored
and retrieved by interaction with a medium and there is relative
motion between a medium and a transducer (e.g., optical
disks, CD-ROMs, jukeboxes), particularly
subclasses 30.01 through 41.01, 69, and 176 through 271 for
designating or selecting storage media to be used for storage and
retrieval. |
| 711, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Memory,
subclasses 133 through 136for cache entry replacement strategies, subclasses
159 through 160 for memory accessing and control entry replacement
strategies, per se, and subclasses 170 through
173, especially subclass 173, for memory accessing
and control memory configuring and partitioning, per se. |
|
| | |
| 813 | GARBAGE COLLECTION: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising automatic management or maintenance
of a heap data structure, which includes reclaiming memory resources
and the reorganizing of memory space storing data objects based
upon the need for the data by the current processes.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes operating systems, virtual
machines as well as a single program. |
| | (2)
Note. Cache management on the die is classified elsewhere. |
| | (3)
Note. Web-server cache management is properly
classified herein. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 711, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Memory,
subclasses 133 through 136for cache entry replacement strategies, subclasses
159 through 160 for memory accessing and control entry replacement
strategies, per se, and subclasses 170 through
173, especially subclass 173, for memory accessing
and control memory configuring and partitioning, per se. |
|
| | |
| 814 | Reference counting: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 813. Subject matter comprising a form of heap management/maintenance
where each data object stored in memory stores a count of the number of
references, pointers, or handles which currently
reference the data object. |
| | |
| 815 | Cyclic: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 814. Subject matter comprising a form of reference counting garbage
collection wherein one or more objects refer either directly or
indirectly to itself. |
| | |
| 816 | Mark-sweep: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 813. Subject matter comprising traversing and marking/tagging
each data object in a heap data structure which are accessible by
a computer program, wherein after the traversal of the
heap is complete, all untagged data objects are collected
or deallocated. |
| | |
| 817 | Mark-compact: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 813. Subject matter comprising traversing and marking/tagging
each data object in a heap data structure which are accessible by
a computer program, and after the traversal of the heap
is complete, all untagged data objects are collected or
deallocated.
| | (1)
Note. Remaining data objects in the heap are compacted
so as to leave two portions of the heap, one area containing allocated
and accessible objects, and another area that is free memory
available to a computer program for allocation. | |
| | |
| 818 | Copying: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 813. Subject matter comprising traversing the heap data structure
and copying each live object into contiguous destination area, wherein
variations include semi-space collector, stop-and-copy, and
Cheney s algorithm.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass differs from Mark-compact
in that there is no marking of objects, so the heap needs
to be traversed only once. | |
| | |
| 819 | Generational: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 813. Subject matter comprising separating portions of the heap
data structure into specific memory regions for different ages of
data objects stored in memory and considering the age of a data object
when rearranging data objects in the heap, as well as how
often to perform garbage collection on a particular memory region. |
| | |
| 820 | Incremental: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 813. Subject matter comprising traversing the heap incrementally, as
opposed to stopping any running applications and completely traversing
the entire heap in a single garbage collection operation. |
| | |
| 821 | FILE MANAGEMENT: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. . Subject matter comprising organizing, storing, managing, and
maintaining flat files stored in a computer system.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass excludes allocating the space
to store the files, addresses, byte-level
information, instructions and volume management. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 711, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Memory,
subclasses 101 through 146for memory accessing and control, per
se, and subclasses 154 through 166 for memory control, maintenance
and management techniques. |
|
| | |
| 822 | File systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Subject matter comprising means or steps for managing the
storage, organization and accessing of files on a media.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 711, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Memory,
subclass 100 for memory accessing and control, per
se, and subclasses 154-166 for memory control, maintenance
and management techniques. |
|
| | |
| 823 | Disk file systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 822. Subject matter comprising means or steps for managing the
storage, organization and accessing of files on a data
storage device.
| | (1)
Note. Examples include FAT, NTFS, HFS, HFS+, ext2, ext3, ISO
9660, ODS-5 and UDF. |
| | (2)
Note. This subclass includes file systems for storing
data files on a data storage device such as a disk drive. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 360, | Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, for apparatus and corresponding processes for the
storage and retrieval of information based on relative movement
between a magnetic record carrier and a transducer (e.g., magnetic
disk drives). |
| 365, | Static Information Storage and Retrieval, various subclasses for apparatus or corresponding
processes for the static storage and retrieval of information. |
| 369, | Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, various
subclasses for record carriers and systems wherein data are stored
and retrieved by interaction with a medium and there is relative
motion between a medium and a transducer (e.g., optical
disks, CD-ROMs, jukeboxes), particularly
subclasses 30.01 through 41.01, 69, and 176 through 271 for
designating or selecting storage media to be used for storage and
retrieval. |
| 711, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Memory,
subclasses 133 through 136for cache entry replacement strategies, subclasses
159 through 160 for memory accessing and control entry replacement
strategies, per se, and subclasses 170 through
173, especially subclass 173, for memory accessing
and control memory configuring and partitioning, per se. |
|
| | |
| 824 | Flash file systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 822. Subject matter comprising means or steps for managing the
storage, organization and accessing of files on a non-volatile
solid-state memory storage device.
| | (1)
Note. Examples include JFFS2 and YAFFS. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 365, | Static Information Storage and Retrieval,
subclasses 185.01 through 185.33for solid state memories, per se. |
|
| | |
| 825 | Database file systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 822. Subject matter comprising means or steps for managing the
storage, organization and accessing of files identified
by their characteristics or metadata. |
| | |
| 826 | Transactional file systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 822. Subject matter comprising means or steps for managing the
storage, organization and accessing of files through transactional
processing, wherein specific groups of database modifications, additions
and deletions which constitute a specific transaction are guaranteed
to be fully completed or rolled back, such that the ACID (i.e., atomicity, consistency, isolation
and durability) properties of the files are maintained. |
| | |
| 827 | Network file systems: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 822. Subject matter comprising means or steps for managing the
storage, organization and accessing of files remotely on
a server.
| | (1)
Note. Examples include NFS, AFS and SMB. | |
| | |
| 828 | File directory structure: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Subject matter comprising the use of a specific directory
structure to support the efficient storage and retrieval of files
in a file system. |
| | |
| 829 | Hierarchical structure: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 828. Subject matter comprising the use of a path (i.e., chain) of
folders or directories to maintain files in a file system. |
| | |
| 830 | Indexing structure: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 828. Subject matter comprising the use of a an addressing mechanism
in a file system to facilitate efficient access to a specific file. |
| | |
| 899 | MISCELLANEOUS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising database and file management or
data structure apparatus and methods not provided for above. |
| | |
E-SUBCLASSES
The E-subclasses in U.S. Class
707 provide for digital computing or data processing equipment or
methods specially adapted for the retrieval of information data and
database structures for such data.
| E17.001 | INFORMATION RETRIEVAL; DATABASE STRUCTURES THEREFORE (EPO): |
| | This group of subclasses provides for digital computing
or data processing equipment or methods specially adapted for the
retrieval of information, and data base structures for
such data. This subclass is substantially the same in scope
as ECLA classification G06F17/30.
| | (1)
Note. This group includes compilation of abstracts. | |
| | |
| E17.004 | Of images (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.002. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30A3. |
| | |
| E17.012 | Trees (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.011. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30G3. |
| | |
| E17.013 | Hypermedia (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.011. This
subclassis substantially the samein scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30G4. |
| | |
| E17.017 | Query optimization (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.014. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30H6. |
| | |
| E17.019 | In image databases (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.001. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30M. |
| | |
| E17.021 | Using color (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.02.
This subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30M1C. |
| | |
| E17.025 | Using texture (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.02.
This subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30M1T. |
| | |
| E17.029 | By browsing (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.019. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification G06F17/30M7. |
| | |
| E17.034 | Random access (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.033. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification G06F17/30P1. |
| | |
| E17.04 | On static storage (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.039. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30P2S. |
| | |
| E17.046 | Clustering or classification (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.045. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification G06F17/30S1C.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
|
| | |
| E17.049 | Physical indexing structures (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.045. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification G06F17/30S1N.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| E17.059, | for indexing structures for textual data. |
|
| | |
| E17.052 | Hash tables (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.049. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification G06F17/30S1N5. |
| | |
| E17.057 | Indexing (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.056. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification G06F17/30S5N. |
| | |
| E17.058 | Of unstructured textual data (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.001. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification G06F17/30T.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| E17.008, | for document management systems. |
|
| | |
| E17.061 | Querying (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.058. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification G06F17/30T2. |
| | |
| E17.062 | Query formulation (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.061. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30T2F. |
| | |
| E17.069 | Query processing (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.061. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification G06F17/30T2P. |
| | |
| E17.07 | Query translation (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.069. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification G06F17/30T2P2. |
| | |
| E17.074 | Query expansion (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.07.
This subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30T2P2X. |
| | |
| E17.075 | Query execution (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.069.
This subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30T2P4. |
| | |
| E17.076 | Using Boolean model (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.075. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification G06F17/30T2P4B. |
| | |
| E17.077 | Using phonetics (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.075. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification G06F17/30T2P4F. |
| | |
| E17.083 | Indexing (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.058. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30T1. |
| | |
| E17.086 | Inverted lists (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.085. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30T1P1. |
| | |
| E17.087 | Trees (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.085. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30T1P3. |
| | |
| E17.089 | Clustering or classification (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.058. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification. G06F17/30T4.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
|
| | |
| E17.097 | Using citations (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.095. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30T6C.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
|
| | |
| E17.099 | Ontology (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.098. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30T8G.. |
| | |
| E17.1 | Thesaurus (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.098. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30T8T. |
| | |
| E17.101 | Of audio data (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.001. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30U. |
| | |
| E17.105 | Binary access (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.104. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30V2. |
| | |
| E17.106 | Sequential access (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.104. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30V3. |
| | |
| E17.113 | By using bar codes (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.112. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30W5B. |
| | |
| E17.114 | Bookmark management (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.112. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30W5K. |
| | |
| E17.126 | Mark-up to mark-up conversion (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.124. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30X3M.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| E17.121, | for conversion for visualization in web browsing. |
|
| | |
| E17.128 | Query formulation (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.127. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30X7F. |
| | |
| E17.129 | Query processing (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.127. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30X7P. |
| | |
| E17.13 | Query translation (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.129.
This subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30X7P2. |
| | |
| E17.131 | Query optimization (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.129. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30X7P3. |
| | |
| E17.132 | Query execution (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.129. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30X7P4. |
| | |
| E17.133 | Results presentation (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.127. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30X7V. |
| | |
| E17.135 | Querying (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.134. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30Z2. |
| | |
| E17.136 | Query formulation (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.135. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30Z2F. |
| | |
| E17.14 | Query processing (EPO): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass E17.135. This
subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30Z2P. |
| | |
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
| 912 | APPLICATIONS OF A DATABASE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. This cross-reference art collection is indented. Subject
matter in combination with a database wherein the schemas, structures, interfaces
or functionality has been customized to support a specific task
or data type. |
| | |
| 913 | Multimedia: |
| | This cross-reference art collection s is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing multimedia
data, such as combinations of video, audio, images, animations
and text data. |
| | |
| 914 | Video: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 913. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing video data
representing live action images that have been recorded by, for
instance, video camera. |
| | |
| 915 | Image: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 913. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing image data
representing still images, such as photographs taken with
a camera. |
| | |
| 915 | Image: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 913. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing image data
representing still images, such as photographs taken with
a camera. |
| | |
| 916 | Audio: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 913. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing audio data
representing sounds. |
| | |
| 917 | Text: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing text data
representing writing. |
| | |
| 918 | Location: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing location
data representing a physical location, normally through
the use of a set of two or three-dimensional coordinates, such
as Global Positioning System (GPS) data.
| | (1)
Note. Location data can include, for example, data
about landmarks, structures, or businesses. | |
| | |
| 919 | Geographic: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 918. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing geographic
data representing the real world, including topological, geophysical
and geopolitical information such as continents, oceans, lakes, rivers, coastlines, depths, elevations
and terrain.
| | (1)
Note. Map data, including aerial or satellite
imagery, is included herein. | |
| | |
| 920 | Navigation: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 919. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing geographic
data to be used for navigation such as the location of roads and
highways, restrictions (e.g., information
on changeable lanes, high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) restrictions, and
height/weight restrictions), as well
as waterway and water hazard information. |
| | |
| 921 | Spatial: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 918. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing spatial
data representing the physical positions of objects and their relationships
to each other in the real world.
| | (1)
Note. Spatial data can include, for example, data
about landmarks, building structures, or businesses. | |
| | |
| 922 | Communications: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing communications
data, such as e-mail, and Short Messaging
Service (SMS).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 379, | Telephonic Communications, for telephony, per se. |
| 455, | Telecommunications, for cellular communications, per se, and, in
particular,
subclass 466 for SMS. |
| 709, | Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems: Multicomputer
Data Transferring,
subclasses 204 through 206for computer conferencing and demand based e-mail
communications. |
|
| | |
| 923 | Intellectual property: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data regarding trade secrets, copyrights, trademarks, and
patents. |
| | |
| 924 | Patent procedure: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 923. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support applicants and attorneys in applying for
and securing patent protection for an invention. |
| | |
| 925 | Drafting an application: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 924. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the creation of a patent application. |
| | |
| 926 | Drafting drawings or figures: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 924. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the creation of drafting of drawing figures
for a patent application. |
| | |
| 927 | Validation: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 924. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the automatic testing of a patent application
for compliance with rules and regulations regarding the composition
of a patent application (i.e., claim
dependency testing). |
| | |
| 928 | Electronic submission: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 924. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the electronic submission of a patent application
to a patenting authority through electronic means, normally
via the Internet. |
| | |
| 929 | Docketing: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 924. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the management of a docket of a repository
of a plurality of patent applications.
| | (1)
Note. Included herein are applications for tracking
deadlines, managing prosecution rules and regulations, tracking fees, and
remotely checking status at the patenting authority. | |
| | |
| 930 | Intellectual property analysis: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 923. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the study of the intellectual property in
order to discover the nature of the invention, its relationship
with other inventions, and/or to draw conclusions
about the state of the art or the inventor(s)/author(s) and/or
assignee . |
| | |
| 931 | Patent comparison: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 930. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the analysis of intellectual property to
the discovery of the similarities and differences between multiple
intellectual property documents (e.g., patent
mapping, etc.). |
| | |
| 932 | Infringement detection: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 931. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the analysis of intellectual property documents
to include a comparison of multiple patent documents for the purpose
of detecting possible violation of intellectual property rights. |
| | |
| 933 | Citation analysis: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 930. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the analysis of the citations therebetween. |
| | |
| 934 | Analyzing patenting activity: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 930. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the analysis of the patenting activities
of specific business entities.
| | (1)
Note. Included herein are applications for performing
competitive intelligence. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 776, | for query processing in data mining. |
| 600, | for data mining in data warehouse systems. |
| 607, | for on-line transactional processing, per
se. |
|
| | |
| 935 | Company or stock valuation: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 934. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the derivation of the monetary value of
a company or the company's stock based at least in part upon that
company's patenting activity.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 705, | Data Processing: Financial, Business Practice, Management, or
Cost/Price Determination, appropriate subclasses for business data processing. |
|
| | |
| 936 | For use in research and development: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 923. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support activities pursuing the creation of new
knowledge and/or products. |
| | |
| 937 | Intellectual property searching: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 923. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the searching and retrieval of intellectual
property matching search criteria.
| | (1)
Note. Systems which search for patents in order
to determine the novelty of a patentable invention are included
herein, as well as systems which search for possibly infringing
intellectual property. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 772, | for query by example. |
| 932, | for systems which perform analysis to determine
infringement. |
|
| | |
| 938 | Intellectual property markets: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 923. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support a centralized repository and interface
for managing the exchange of intellectual property.
| | (1)
Note. Intellectual Property Markets facilitate the
buying, selling and/or licensing of intellectual
property. | |
| | |
| 939 | Idea solicitation: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 923. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing intellectual
property data to support the solicitation, development, and management
of ideas.
| | (1)
Note. Included herein are systems which facilitate
the analysis and consideration of the merits of submitted ideas, and their
development and refinement into possibly patentable ideas. | |
| | |
| 940 | Infrastructure: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing infrastructure
data, such as data concerning buildings, or utilities.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 506, | Combinatorial Chemistry Technology: Method, Library, Apparatus, for in silico or mathematical conception of a chemical
or biological library. |
| 700, | Data Processing: Generic Control Systems
or Specific Applications,
subclasses 266 through 274for chemical process control or monitoring system. |
| 702, | Data Processing: Measuring, Calibrating, or
Testing,
subclasses 19 through 21for biological or biochemical data processing analysis
and measurement. |
| 703, | Data Processing: Structural Design, Modeling, Simulation, and
Emulation,
subclass 1 for structural design, and subclasses
6 through 12 for simulating mechanical biological and chemical devices. |
|
| | |
| 941 | Human sciences: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing health sciences
data, such as medical data, health sciences data, chemical
data, and bio-technical data.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 435, | Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,
subclasses 4 through 40.52for testing processes involving micro-organisms
and enzymes not specially adapted for combinatorial chemistry technology. |
| 436, | Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological
Testing,
subclasses 500 through 542for immunological tests and related subject matter, and
for processes of analysis of chemical properties of a sample, physiological effect
of a sample, or chemical determination of a physical property
of a sample not specially adapted for combinatorial chemistry technology. |
| 705, | Data Processing: Financial, Business Practice, Management, or
Cost/Price Determination,
subclass 2 for health care management (e.g., record
management, ICDA billing, etc.), subclass 3
for patient record management, and subclass 4 for insurance. |
|
| | |
| 942 | Legal/academic: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing legal and/or
academic data, such as academic and/or conference papers
or legal decisions. |
| | |
| 943 | News: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing news data, including
any data which is generally publicly available information. |
| | |
| 944 | Business related: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing any data
which supports the creation and running of a business.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 705, | Data Processing: Financial, Business Practice, Management, or
Cost/Price Determination, appropriate subclasses for specific business applications. |
|
| | |
| 945 | Contract negotiation: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 944. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing business
data to support the negotiation of contracts or other agreements, wherein
the business data includes predefined contract templates with static
and dynamic data fields, profiles and/or terms
and conditions. |
| | |
| 946 | Real estate: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 944. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing real estate
data, wherein the real estate data comprises listings for
commercial and/or residential properties (including pricing, tax
records, and for sale/rent status), public
records of titles, wills, and/or tenancy listings. |
| | |
| 947 | Human resources: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 944. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing human resources
data, wherein the human resources data comprises employee
identification, business status, employee roles, supervisory
hierarchy, business and individual employee workflow and/or employee
access permission levels. |
| | |
| 948 | Product or catalog: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 944. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing product/catalog
data, wherein the product/catalog data comprises
an online/mail index of a seller's merchandise for real-time/mail
purchase by customers. |
| | |
| 949 | Inventory: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 944. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing inventory
data, wherein the inventory data comprises real-time
current stock of merchandise/records/supplies, statistics
regarding future/expected stocks of merchandise/records/supplies, and/or
a detailed listing of business assets. |
| | |
| 950 | Financial: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing financial
data, wherein the financial data comprises balance sheets, real-time
stock market data, current and predicted wealth, and/or
financial planning data. |
| | |
| 951 | Calendar or scheduling: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing calendar
data to support scheduling and/or task management. |
| | |
| 952 | Malicious software: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 912. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing data to
support malicious software applications (e.g., applications
which discreetly collect and transmit user information to a third
party, etc.), or applications
designed to detect viruses, spyware, or other
malicious software.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 726, | Information Security,
subclass 1 for policy, subclasses 2 through 21 for access
control and authentication, subclasses 22 through 25 for
monitoring or scanning of software or data including attack prevention, and
subclasses 26 through 33 for prevention of unauthorized use of data
including prevention of piracy, privacy violations, or
unauthorized data modification. |
|
| | |
| 953 | ORGANIZATION OF DATA: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. This cross-reference art collection is indented . Subject
matter for expressing or storing data in a specific type of data
model. |
| | |
| 954 | Relational: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 953. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing data in
a relational data model, wherein data is stored in normalized tables, related
by key fields which uniquely identify rows in the tables. |
| | |
| 955 | Object-oriented: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 953. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing information
represented as objects as used in object-oriented programming.
| | (1)
Note. Object-oriented database management
systems extend the programming language with transparently persistent data, concurrency
control, data recovery, and associative queries. | |
| | |
| 956 | Hierarchical: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 953. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing data in
a hierarchical data model wherein data is organized in a hierarchical
or tree structure. |
| | |
| 957 | Multidimensional: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 953. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing data in
a multidimensional data model wherein data is stored according to
dimensions, and operations are optimized to provide efficient
processing of large volumes of multidimensional data. |
| | |
| 958 | Data cubes: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 953. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing data represented
conceptually as data (or OLAP) cubes.
| | (1)
Note. Physically, data cubes can be implemented
in a relational database through a star or snowflake schema, or
in a multidimensional database. | |
| | |
| 959 | Network: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 953. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing data in
a network data model.
| | (1)
Note. Similar to the hierarchical data model, the
network data model stores data in a lattice or network, as
opposed to a tree-like structure. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 956, | for hierarchical data models. |
|
| | |
| 960 | Object-relational: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 953. Subject matter
in combination with a database management system which stores and
manages data in an object-relational data model wherein data
is represented as objects, with classes and inheritance
supported in the database schemas and query language.
| | (1)
Note. Custom data types and methods can also be
classified herein. | |
| | |
| 961 | Associative: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 953. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing data in
an associative data model, wherein all data is stored as
either items or links. |
| | |
| 962 | Entity-attribute-value: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 953. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing data in
an entity-attribute-value data model wherein data
is conceptually stored as a three-column table, including columns
for entities, attributes, and values. |
| | |
| 963 | Hybrid: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 953. Subject matter
in combination with a database for storing and managing data in
a hybrid data model.
| | (1)
Note. Also classified herein are databases that
store data using combinations of elements or features from other
data models, and not provided for elsewhere. | |
| | |
| 964 | DATABASE ARRANGEMENT: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. This cross-reference art collection is indented .
Subject matter in combination with computer systems hosting a database
arranged in a specific architecture. |
| | |
| 965 | Standalone: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 964. Subject matter
wherein a database is hosted on a single local computer system. |
| | |
| 966 | Distributed: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 964. Subject matter
wherein a database is distributed across multiple computer systems. |
| | |
| 967 | Peer-to-peer: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 966. Subject matter
wherein a number of homogeneous databases are distributed across
multiple computer systems and all of the database managers are peers (i.e., there
is no master copy of the database). |
| | |
| 968 | Partitioning: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 967. Subject matter
wherein data is physically assigned to multiple distributed database
managers on multiple computer systems. |
| | |
| 969 | Horizontal partitioning: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 968. Subject matter
wherein specific rows of a table are stored in different databases. |
| | |
| 970 | Vertical partitioning: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 968. Subject matter
wherein specific columns of a table are stored in different databases. |
| | |
| 971 | Federated: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 966. Subject matter
wherein a number of heterogeneous databases are distributed across
multiple computer systems and the databases are managed such that, to
a client, it appears as a single database. |
| | |
| 972 | Partitioning: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 971. Subject matter
wherein data is physically assigned across multiple distributed
database managers on multiple computer systems. |
| | |
| 973 | Horizontal partitioning: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 972. Subject matter
wherein specific rows of a table are stored in different databases. |
| | |
| 974 | Vertical partitioning: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 972. Subject matter
specific columns of a table are stored in different databases. |
| | |
| 975 | Portable database architecture: |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 964. Subject matter
comprising databases containing specific structures and features
to support the efficient transfer of data from one database having
one database schema to another database having a different database
schema.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 602, | for retrieving, cleaning, preparing, converting, migrating, integrating, and/or
storing data into the data warehouse. |
| 756, | for changing the format of a data structure, or
data objects, using various methods such as a translation, mapping, or
altering with the purpose of facilitating further processing of the
data structure or data object. |
| 761, | for converting a query from one query language to
another query language |
| 802, | for the management of data structures, including
their definition and creation, modification, transformation and
population. |
| 809, | for generalized transformation/conversion
from one schema to another. |
| 810, | for subject matter wherein data is transferred from
one schema/structure to another through the use of a logical data
model. |
|
| | |
| 999.001 | DATABASE OR FILE ACCESSING (707/1): |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. This cross-reference art collection is indented. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter directed to the retrieval
of data stored in a database or as computer files, where
a file is defined as a named collection of data.
| | (1)
Note. This class is directed to computerized database
and file accessing and retrieval, including hierarchical, bit-mapped
and flat indexing, hashing, stapling, containerizing, and
other methods. Accessing and control of a memory, per se, is
classified elsewhere. See the search class notes below. |
| | (2)
Note. The combination of details of database technology
with the business data processing is classified in the business art. See
search class notes below. |
| | (3)
Note. The combination of details of database technology
with a nominal recitation of the subject matter of another class is
classified herein. Particular fields of use of database
technology performing in combination with the basic subject matter
of another class to effect some end other than mere information
accessing or retrieval is classified with the subject matter of
the other class, unless specifically excluded therefrom. See
the search class notes below. |
| | (4)
Note. This class is directed to generic methods and
apparatus for accessing and retrieving data housed in either databases
or files. The generic steps to access and retrieve an object
from an object-oriented database may be properly classified
herein; however, objects themselves for an application
other than database accessing and retrieving data, such
as, for example an operator interface object, an
icon object capable of instantiating a process, or a simulation
system physical structure object are classified elsewhere. See
the search class notes below. |
| | (5)
Note. This class is directed to generic methods and
apparatus for accessing and retrieving data housed in either databases
or files. The generic steps of accessing and retrieving
data or information in a particular computer design "environment"
may be properly classified herein. Examples of such "environments"
include, for example, a computer aided design (CAD) and
analysis tool "environment", a software development tool
"environment", an image processing "environment", a
desk-top or other operator interface "environment", etc., may rely
on accessing and retrieving information or routines from libraries
while working in the "environment". The "environments"
themselves are classified elsewhere in the data processing arts. See
the search class notes below. |
| | (6)
Note. The combination of a database accessing method
with a particular operator interface feature may be found in these
subclasses. Operator interfaces, per se, are
classified elsewhere. See the search class notes below. |
| | (7)
Note. KEYWORDS: Directory, hierarchy, hierarchical, tree, indexing, pointers, folders, books, bit
map, hashing. | |
| | |
| 999.002 | Access augmentation or optimizing (707/2): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.001. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter directed to methods of access, including query
path traversal, mapping, and reuse, joining
tables in relational databases, view composition, index
choice, bit mapping, and query reuse. |
| | |
| 999.003 | Query processing (i.e., searching) (707/3): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.001. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter directed to methods of searching
for (i.e., querying) data
stored as a database in a computer or digital data processing system, including
sequential searching, primary and secondary index searching, and
bit-map searching of inverted lists or topological maps.
| | (1)
Note. The combination of a database accessing method
with a particular operator interface feature may be found in these
cross-reference art collections. Operator interfaces, per
se, are classified elsewhere. | |
| | |
| 999.004 | Query formulation, input preparation, or translation (707/4): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.003. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter directed to methods for
translating an external access to a database or files into internal
access to the database or files, and translation of an
external query format into an intermediate or internal query format. |
| | |
| 999.005 | Query augmenting or refining (e.g., inexact access) (707/5): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.003. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter directed to methods of expanding
or limiting access to and retrieval of data or files by techniques
including fuzzy search, ranking or weighing, relevance, thesaurus, and
concept retrieval. |
| | |
| 999.006 | Pattern matching access (707/6): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.003. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter directed to methods employing
determination of equivalence of retrieval keys and stored data by
matching characteristic patterns of one data set with one or more
characteristic patterns of a candidate data set.
| | (1)
Note. This cross-reference art collection includes
text searching and indexing, per se, for database. Text
presentation data processing is classified elsewhere. | |
| | |
| 999.007 | Sorting (707/7): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.001. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter directed to data oriented
accessing methods benefiting from the creation of ordered lists.
| | (1)
Note. For clarification, sorting includes elementary
sorting methods such as selection sort, bubble sort, distribution counting, and
other methods, such as Quicksort, Radix Sort, Priority
Queues including heap sort, Selection and Merging, and
External sort. |
| | (2)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
for sorting database data or files. Generic sorting, per
se, is classified elsewhere. | |
| | |
| 999.008 | Concurrency (e.g., lock
management in shared database) (707.8): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.001. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter directed to serialization
of multiple accesses to the same unit of data or file for the purpose
of data integrity.
| | (1)
Note. Concurrency is related to controlling the ability
of a plurality of users to simultaneously access the same (i.e., a single
unit or copy of) information or proximately located information
stored in a database or file (i.e., the
ability to control "sharing" of information). Such control
may involve the prioritizing or serializing of access to the "shared" information, or
the copying of information into independent copies, which
must ultimately be "integrated" for data coherency. Coherency, on
other hand, although a related topic, is related
to the maintaining of multiple copies of information in a database
or file in a manner which ensures data integrity amongst the plurality
of copies, regardless of whether a single user or plurality
of simultaneous users are accessing the information. When
a plurality of users are accessing the plurality of copies of information, then
both concurrency and coherency concepts may be involved, and
the subject matter may be properly classified herein based on hierarchy. Database
or file coherency, per se, is classified elsewhere. Source
code version management and software version management are classified
elsewhere. |
| | (2)
Note. For clarification, the methods of ensuring
data concurrency include employing time-stamping, semaphores, global
and local shared locking (i.e., read only), and
exclusive locking (i.e., read and
write), multiple versioning, and temporal
versioning, such as snapshots. |
| | (3)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to data integrity in database accessing and control. A
concept search on this subject or the related subjects of data coherency
and version management should consider the related topics as they
appear in this class. | |
| | |
| 999.009 | Privileged access (707/9): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.001. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter directed to determination
and granting of access to data and files by direct means, such
as by the file or database creator or database manager, or
by indirect means, such as by inheritance, such
as by group/user access profiles.
| | (1)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to access control in database systems. Computer
system security is classified elsewhere. |
| | (2)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to access control in database systems. The concept
of access control exists throughout the class. Therefore, a search
to a particular concept of access control should consider the related
topics in bus access control, memory access control, computer
system access control, generic access control, etc. | |
| | |
| 999.01 | Distributed or remote access (707/10): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.001. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter directed to management of
distributed database data and file access and retrieval, and retrieval
of database data and files from a centralized or remote site. |
| | |
| 999.1 | DATABASE SCHEMA OR DATA STRUCTURE (707/100): |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. This cross-reference art collection is indented .
Cross-reference art collection including subject matter
comprising means or steps for organizing and inter-relating
data or files, including relational, network, hierarchical, and
entity-relationship models, among others.
| | (1)
Note. Classification herein requires a combination
of a data structure and the access or retrieval method, or
apparatus for employing or storing the data structure. |
| | (2)
Note. KEYWORDS: entity relational, entity
attribute, relational, hierarchical and network
databases, b-tree, temporal multi-key, superblock, cross-linked
tree, referential constraints, linked list, dual linked, quad
linked, inverted file, inverted list, vector
relational object, hypertext data dictionary. | |
| | |
| 999.102 | Generating database or data structure (e.g., via
user interface) (707/102): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.1. Cross-reference
art collection including means or steps for generating database
schema and data structures.
| | (1)
Note. This cross-reference art collection accepts
operator interface features for data structure development environments. Operator
interfaces, per se, are classified elsewhere. | |
| | |
| 999.103 | Object-oriented database structure (707/103R): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.1. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter further comprising an object-oriented data
structure and its maintenance in memory.
| | (1)
Note. This cross-reference art collection includes
object-oriented data organization. | |
| | |
| 999.107 | Application of database or data structure (e.g., distributed, multimedia, image) (707/104.1): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.1. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter directed to specific applications
of database schema and data structures to commercial, scientific, and
medical fields not provided for elsewhere.
| | (1)
Note. The combination of details of database technology
with the business data processing is classified in the business art. |
| | (2)
Note. The combination of details of database technology
with a nominal recitation of the subject matter of another class is
classified herein. Particular fields of use of database
technology, performing in combination with the basic subject matter
of another class to effect some end other than mere information
accessing or retrieval, is classified with the subject
matter of the other class, unless specifically excluded
therefrom. | |
| | |
| 999.2 | FILE OR DATABASE MAINTENANCE (707/200): |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. This cross-reference art collection is indented
Cross-reference art collection including subject matter
directed to generic data, file, and directory
upkeeping, file naming, and file and database
maintenance including integrity consideration, recovery, and
versioning.
| | (1)
Note. These cross-reference art collections
are directed to means and steps for handling of generic files and
databases only in computers and digital data processing systems. For
the purpose of these definitions, a generic file is defined
as a named collection of data. File content and database
content authoring, generating, producing, and
editing in information processing applications art areas, such
as, for example, business data processing machine
translation, graphics processing, simulation, animation
and software development, is classified elsewhere. See
the search class notes below. |
| | (2)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to management and maintenance of files and databases in
computers and digital data processing systems and accepts subject
solutions working within single memories and across multiple memories. Memory
accessing and control and memory management, per se, is
classified elsewhere. |
| | (3)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to management and maintenance of files and databases in
computers and digital data processing systems and accepts only nominal
recitations to operator interfaces, icons and other metaphors
used in the maintenance of files and databases. File management
tools, metaphors or objects with significant operator interface
features are classified elsewhere. See the search class
notes below. |
| | (4)
Note. Formatting and file allocation in memory systems
such as direct access storage systems is generally found in the art
area directed to the storage system device. |
| | (5)
Note. KEYWORDS: file caching, differential
file, incremental file, merge update, (re)naming, name
standardization, file deletion, directory maintenance, file
replication. | |
| | |
| 999.201 | Coherency (e.g., same
view to multiple users) (707/201): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.2. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter further comprising means
or steps for distributed and temporal database management to ensure
presentation of the same data or view to one or a plurality of users.
| | (1)
Note. Coherency is related to the maintaining of
multiple copies of information in a database or a file in a manner
which ensures data integrity amongst the plurality of copies, regardless
of whether a single user or plurality of simultaneous users are
accessing the information. When a plurality of users is
accessing the multiple copies of information, then both
concurrency and coherency concepts may be involved, and
the subject matter is classified in the concurrency cross-reference
art collection above. |
| | (2)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to file and database coherency and may include file caching. Caching, per
se, however, is classified elsewhere. In
addition, cache memory entry replacement strategies are
classified elsewhere. |
| | (3)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to file and database coherency and may include management
of transactions against a database by means of commit procedures. Transaction
management, per se, is classified elsewhere. |
| | (4)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to file and database coherency and may involve access control. Access control
in combination with other data processing system methods or apparatus (e.g., memory), computer
security, per se, and access control, per
se, are classified elsewhere. |
| | (5)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to file and database coherency and may include recitations
to shared memory. Managing shared memory, however, is
classified elsewhere. Further, data transferring
between computers or digital data processing systems is classified
elsewhere. | |
| | |
| 999.202 | Recoverability (707/202): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.201. Cross-reference
art collection including means or steps for transaction logging, log
recovery, and recovery of data in the event of a fault.
| | (1)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to fault recovery in combination with file or data maintenance. Fault recovery, per
se, is classified elsewhere. | |
| | |
| 999.203 | Version management (707/203): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.201. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter further comprising means
or steps for maintenance and management of multiple copies of database
information or files on a computer.
| | (1)
Note. Database concurrency, file or database
coherency, and document version management are classified
elsewhere in this class. |
| | (2)
Note. Software component managing in a software development
tool, software upgrading or updating (e.g., plural
version management), and software installation
are classified elsewhere. | |
| | |
| 999.204 | Archiving or backup (707/204): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.201. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter further comprising means
or steps for backing up database information or files, file migration
to and from high density nonvolatile storage, and immediate, delayed, and
scheduled backup.
| | (1)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to file and database coherency and aspects thereof directed
to making copies for expressed purposes. Means and steps
for controlling memory access to data (i.e., addressing, per
se) during the act of backing up or archiving is classified
elsewhere. | |
| | |
| 999.205 | File allocation (707/205): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.2. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter further comprising means
or steps for reserving memory space or organizing memory space in
order to contain a file.
| | (1)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to reserving memory space or organizing memory space in
order to contain a file. Memory accessing and control for
data is classified elsewhere. A concept search to allocation
should consider both areas. | |
| | |
| 999.206 | Garbage collection (707/206): |
| | This cross-reference art collection is indented under
cross-reference art collection 999.205. Cross-reference
art collection including subject matter further comprising means
or steps for deallocating of obsolete or unreferenced files and
database objects, and maintenance of associated directories
or links.
| | (1)
Note. This cross-reference art collection is
directed to reorganizing of memory space, by deallocating
unused, redundant, obsolete, or unreferenced
database and file information, in order to increase the
efficiency of memory space usage. The related concepts
of memory reclamation and disk defragmentation do not take into
account the interrelatedness of the database and file information. However, techniques
used in memory reclamation and disk defragmentation may be relevant
to the subject matter in this cross-reference art collection, and
a concept search on garbage collection should carefully consider
related concepts classified under memory accessing and control entry
replacement strategies and memory configuring. | |
| | |
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CLASS 707,