SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION
GENERAL STATEMENT OF CLASS SUBJECT MATTER
This is the generic class for subject matter relating to working
the earth in situ. Earth working involves physical treatment of
the earth and includes beating, compacting, crushing, cultivating,
cutting, digging, furrowing, harrowing, leveling, mixing, plowing,
pulverizing, rolling, scraping, scratching, smoothing, and tilling.
The earth is usually worked by an earth working element carried
on an apparatus traversing the ground but hand held tools such as
hoes are also included.
This class also takes subject matter, not otherwise classified
relating to the cutting and removal of sod or turf from the ground.
Apparatus comprising means other than earth working means
supported on or attached to a vehicle for manipulation in a manner
consistent with the use of the means as an earth working means is
classifiable in this class if the means is identified in a claim
by name only and the claim contains no feature otherwise inconsistent
with classification in Class 172. However, lines with other classes
have in many cases not been cleared so that where the bulk of the
existing art has been classified on a basis other than indicated
above such classification is continued.
| | (1)
Note. CLAIMS NOT CONTROLLING IN PATENTS PRIOR TO 1930. Patents
prior to 1930 have not necessarily been classified by claims so
that the placement of these old patents does not necessarily indicate
lines of classification. In view of the large numbers of old patents
in this class many of these patents have been classified in accordance
with their total disclosure. This is especially true of the patents
in subclasses 332+. Most of the patents, however, regardless
of their age have been placed in accordance with their claimed subject
matter. |
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
SUBJECT MATTER RELATING TO SNOW REMOVAL, TO WORKING THE EARTH
FOR INDUSTRIAL PURPOSES, TO COMPACTING EARTH FOR ROADS OR PAVEMENT
AND TO WORKING HARD MATERIAL IN SITU
Class 37, Excavating, generally relates to removing snow or
to working the earth for industrial purposes as by making a ditch
or moving earth by a conveyor or scoop. In many cases the devices
found in Class 37 for these purposes are indistinguishable structurally
from devices found in Class 172. Classification turns on emphasis
for a certain use, such as snow removal or ditch digging. Class
37 formerly contained subclasses 143 through 181 entitled "Scrapers" which
included subject matter relating to scraping the earth by means
of a blade or such subject matter in combination with other earth
working means such as harrows or rollers. The devices in these subclasses
were typically road graders or bulldozers for working or moving
the earth for industrial purposes. These subclasses were abolished
and the art found in them was for the most part incorporated into Class
172 and is to be found in subclasses 4.5, 26.5, 26.6, 777-809 and
other appropriate subclasses. Some of the art was specialized to
ditch filling and was placed in Class 37 subclass 142.5. The remaining
patents were not drawn to scraping blades or such blades combined
with simple earth working means and were transferred to appropriate
subclasses in Class 37 or other classes. Class 37, subclasses 104+,
Railway Graders, and subclasses 381+, Road-Grader Type,
were not cleared. Patents in these subclasses should be drawn to
devices more specialized than the general utility scrapers or "road
graders" which were classified in abolished subclasses
143-181.
Class 299, Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material,
as the title indicates, generally provides for the working of hard
earth material such as rock and also the working of ice in situ.
However, a tool which is actually of general utility in earth working,
such as a ripper tooth or scraper and traverses the earth without
relative movement with respect to its support (as by rolling or
cyclical driving) is classifiable in Class 172 even if solely disclosed
for disintegrating rock.
Class 404, Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus, subclasses
117, 121, and 122+, for a roller device which performs
a simple compacting function on the earth. See the note to Class
172, under the class definition of Class 404.
JOINTS
Many of the patents relating to earth working devices claim
joints between parts of the device. A claim to a joint between two
disclosed earth working portions of an earth working apparatus,
e.g., a claim to a joint between a plow share and moldboard, is
classifiable in Class 172, subclasses 681+. Also, a claim
to an overload release joint between implement parts, e.g., between
a tractor and a device solely disclosed as an earth working type
of implement, is classifiable in Class 172, subclasses 261+ and
a claim to a spring biased joint for biasing an earth working tool
is classifiable in Class 172, subclasses 705+. However,
other claims to joints, per se, are classifiable in the various
classes relating to joints. Thus, joints of general application
are classifiable in Class 403, Joints and Connections. An articulated joint
between a tractor and a trailing vehicle, as long as that vehicle
is not solely disclosed as an implement, is classifiable in Class
280, Land Vehicles, subclasses 400+.
The Search Notes below also contain lines with other classes.
SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 7, | Compound Tools, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous compound tools,
especially
subclass 115 for a cutter combined with a pitch fork and subclass
116 for a cutter combined with a spade or shovel (e.g., a bayonet
and a shovel). Hand tools comprising combinations of various earth
working portions are classifiable in Class 172, Earth Working. |
| 15, | Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, appropriate subclasses for cleaners, including scrapers.
Class 172 takes cleaners for cleaning earth working parts, which
cleaners are intended to be attached to the earth working apparatus. |
| 16, | Miscellaneous Hardware (e.g., Bushing, Carpet Fastener, Caster, Door Closer, Panel Hanger, Attachable or Adjunct Handle, Hinge, Window Sash Balance, etc.),
subclasses 110.1+ for handles for earth working devices, such as plows
or hoes. |
| 29, | Metal Working,
subclass 14 for machines and processes of making plow and cultivator
irons, subclasses 891+ for processes of making agricultural
devices, and see the subclasses there cited. |
| 30, | Cutlery, appropriate subclasses, for cutters of general utility
and cutters for merely making a slit in sod. A cutter for earth
working purposes such as making a slit in the soil (e.g., a colter) is
classifiable in Class 172. Thus a patent to a cutter with a claim
restricted to earth working or a sole disclosure of earth working
is classifiable in Class 172, except that a patent to a hand device
with the cutting edge extending generally in the direction of the
handle is classifiable in Class 30 even though it is restricted
to earth working. Also a tool for merely cutting a plant below the
surface of the earth is classifiable in Class 30. |
| 37, | Excavating,
subclasses 196+ for snow- removing apparatus which may be identical
with earth working apparatus except that it is disclosed as principally
for snow removal, subclasses 307+ for dredging apparatus, subclasses
347+ especially subclasses 366+ for ditchers which
may be very similar to earth working apparatus for Class 172 except
that they are disclosed as making an industrial ditch or trench
rather than a furrow, by more than mere scraping operation, subclasses
104+ for apparatus specialized to forming the bed or slopes
of a railway, subclasses 381+ for apparatus specialized
to working on roads and involving something more than mere scraping or
earth working apparatus of general utility, subclasses 394+ for
cable operated apparatus including cable operated scrapers involving more
than the scraper, per se, and a cable attached to the scraper, subclasses
403+ for a scraper convertible to or combined with a scoop,
shovel or other material pick up means, subclasses 411+ for
scoops which are distinguishable from scrapers classified in Class
172 in that they have a bottom for transporting material, and appropriate
subclasses for digging or moving earth in general. |
| 47, | Plant Husbandry, appropriate subclasses, especially
subclasses 1.01 and 58.1 for subject matter relating to earth working
combined with other functions relating to plant husbandry such as
heating the earth or spraying a plant. However, a moldboard type
plow with heating means for the plow is classifiable in Class 172 subclass
755. |
| 56, | Harvesters, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to severing or chopping of crop material without disturbing the
soil and also subject matter relating to gathering or raking crop
material without substantially disturbing the soil. The line is
essentially one of disclosed use. If a device is described as a
nonearth disturbing harvesting device the patent is placed in Class
56 rather than Class 172 even if the structure claimed is the same
as that which may be found in Class 172. An exception is that if
a harvester is claimed by name only and the claim is otherwise drawn
to merely a mounting or manipulating means which is consistent with the
functioning of the named harvester as an earth working device then
the patent may be classifiable in Class 172.
- With respect to the stalk chopper art, if the chopper
is disclosed as one which operates by the action of a cutter member against
the ground, without a ledger plate it is assumed that the soil is
disturbed and classification in Class 172 results. Choppers operating
above the ground level are classifiable in Class 56.
- Generally Class 172 takes the combination of or the conversion
between a Class 56 apparatus and a Class 172 apparatus, or an apparatus
disclosed as having either an earth working or a harvesting function
without change. Thus a Class 172 type lawn edger combined with or convertible
to a harvester is found in Class 172, subclass 14, the combination of
other types of Class 172 devices with a harvester is in Class 172,
subclasses 27+ and the combination of a Class 172 device
with a rake is in Class 172, subclasses 29+. An exception
to the above is that a hand rake combined with or convertible to
an earth working means is classifiable in Class 56, subclasses 400.04+.
|
| 60, | Power Plants,
subclasses 325+ , especially subclass 427 for hydraulic-type power
plants operated by liquid supplied from a pump. Many such power
plants are used in earth working apparatus. A claim to a power plant
for an earth working apparatus reciting only a tractor mounting
for the plant and a rockshaft actuated by the power plant is classifiable
in Class 60. If the claim goes beyond this and claims some detail
of the apparatus which may be only a lift arm on the rockshaft or
a draft sensing means it is classifiable in Class 172. |
| 72, | Metal Deforming,
subclasses 462+ for dies for forming plow and cultivator irons. |
| 74, | Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses for machine elements and mechanical
movements, especially
subclasses 11+ for power take-offs. |
| 76, | Metal Tools and Implements, Making,
subclass 85 for attachments other than abrading attachments
for sharpening earth working tools. An earth working apparatus combined with
a sharpening device is in Class 172, subclass 437. However, when
the earth working apparatus as claimed is only a support for the attachment
the claim is classifiable in Class 76. |
| 91, | Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclasses for servomotors, per se.
Many such servomotors are used in earth working apparatus. A claim
to a servomotor for an earth working apparatus reciting only a tractor mounting
and rockshaft operated by the motor is classifiable in Class 91.
However, further detail such as a lift arm on the rockshaft or a draft
sensing means causes classification in Class 172. |
| 104, | Railways,
subclass 169 for apparatus for reciprocating an earth working
device, claimed by name only, over the ground and subclass 244.1 for
a vehicle or earth working device claimed by name only guided along
a field by a furrow feeler. Class 172, subclasses 23+ has
significantly claimed earth working apparatus driven from or guided
by a stationary object or previously formed furrow. |
| 111, | Planting, appropriate subclasses for earth working means combined
with planting means, especially
subclasses 118+ for earth working means combined with means for
inserting liquid or gas into the soil, subclasses 25+ for planting
means with earth marking means, subclass 33 for earth marking means
comprising means to make an intermittent mark in the earth to indicate
the points where material should be planted, subclasses 52+ for
frame arrangements, subclass 82 for hand propelled planters, and
subclass 99 for dibbles. A Class 172 device generally may comprise
the earth working subcombination of a planting device. A planter
may be recited by name only as a support for an earth marker or
an earth working tool in a claim classifiable in Class 172. A support
for an earth working portion identified as a planting boot in a
claim is not considered too much for Class 172. |
| 152, | Resilient Tires and Wheels, appropriate subclasses for tires and wheels which
may be structurally similar to earth working apparatus but are not
intended to have an earth working function. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to unearthing and separating an object from the earth (e.g., a potato
digger). A Class 172 device may cut plant roots as it traverses
the ground or may turn a furrow which has objects in it such as
potatoes but devices in Class 172 do not separate an object from
the adjacent earth. A Class 172 device may be a subcombination of
a Class 171 device; for example, a plow for Class 172 may lift earth
with potatoes in it, the potatoes then being separated from the
earth, the complete device being classifiable in Class 171. |
| 173, | Tool Driving or Impacting, appropriate subclass for subject matter directed to driving
or impacting a tool, when such subject matter includes combined
features peculiar to tool driving, but which does not include features limiting
the subject matter to a specific tool art, such as specific shape
of the work contacting portion of a tool, related tools, or an opposed work
support, and see particularly
subclasses 184+ driving or impacting means mounted on a wheeled
vehicle. Class 172 has not been cleared as to subject matter in
conflict with this line. |
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating to forming
elongated holes in the earth. Apparatus for forming a plurality
of small holes in the earth for aerating the soil or for like purposes
is classifiable in Class 172,
subclasses 21+ . |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclasses 14.1+ for vehicle trains comprising a tractor and a trailing
vehicle which may be an implement claimed by name only, subclasses
53.1+ for devices in which the motor of the motor vehicle
is used as a source of external power for a device which may be
an implement claimed by name only, and subclass 401 for power steering
devices which may be controlled by a feeler element running in a
furrow. An implement described in a claim as comprising a frame
and an earth working means carried thereby is considered to be claimed
by more than name only so that the claim would be classifiable in
Class 172. The line between Class 172 and subclasses 53.1+ of Class
180 is set out in the Search Class Note of subclass 35 in class
172. |
| 192, | Clutches and Power-Stop Control,
subclass 62 for plow-lifting type clutches, per se. |
| 241, | Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to comminuting or disintegrating material other than the earth in
situ. |
| 254, | Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or
Pulling Force, appropriate subclasses for lifting means of general
utility for lifting a load, which means may be structurally similar to
a means for manipulating an implement. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles, appropriate subclasses for the running gear or other feature
of a general utility land vehicle, not restricted by disclosure
to an earth working or harvesting implement. Attention is directed
to
subclass 1.5 for a vehicle with a means for engaging the body
of a walking attendant; subclasses 6.15+ for a vehicle including
means, interposed between the vehicle body, chassis, or frame and
running gear thereof, for altering height or levelness of the vehicle
body, chassis, or frame; subclasses 32.5+ for a vehicle
with a worker"s support or shade; subclass 32.7 for a vehicle
including a riding attachment; subclasses 43+ for a vehicle including
a wheel vertically movable relative to the running gear for the
purpose of altering a dimension of the vehicle or a part thereof;
subclass 47.11 for a vehicle including steering of other than a
mere swinging axle by an attendant positioned about, rather than
upon, the vehicle; subclasses 47.131+ for a tiltable vehicle
stabilized by an article or an attendant; subclasses 47.34+ for
handle-propelled vehicles; subclasses 82+ for tongue trucks;
subclasses 98+ for vehicles having running gear specifically
constructed to enable execution of arcuate travel within a reduced
radius of curvature (i.e., short turn); subclass 108 for general
utility vehicles including tongue antivibrators; subclasses 124.1+ for
general utility vehicle running gear including suspension means; subclasses
137.5+ for general utility vehicle running gear including
a turnable axle lacking suspension means; subclasses 160+ for
means for fending obstacles from contact with the wheels of a vehicle;
subclasses 400+ for an articulated vehicle or plural interconnected vehicles
(i.e., vehicle train); subclasses 763.1+ for a vehicle
with a retractable ground support; subclasses 771+ for
vehicles including occupant controlled steering; subclasses 847+ for vehicle
dust or mud guards; or subclasses 855+ for wheel scrapers
and cleaners. Further, regarding an articulated vehicle or vehicle
train as provided in subclasses 400+ of this class (Class
280), particular attention is directed to subclasses 405.1+ for
a load distribution connection between sections of the articulated vehicle
or the plural vehicles, subclasses 411.1+ for multiple
trailing vehicles, subclass 414.5 for a trailing vehicle having
a vertically adjustable wheel, subclasses 415.1+ for a
convertible interconnection between the articulated vehicles, subclass
419 for a steering connection between articulated vehicles, subclasses
420+ for articulated vehicles with service connections
therebetween, subclasses 442+ for a wheel on a trailing
vehicle steered by articulative movement between the vehicles, subclasses
446.1+ for condition responsive draft connections, subclasses
449+ for overload releasing draft connections, subclasses
456.1+ for plural laterally adjustable draft connections,
subclass 476.1 for a wheel draft connection, subclasses 477+ for
connection facilitating means in a draft connection, and subclass
490.1 for a vertically adjustable draft member, the adjustment being
merely for the purpose of placing the draft member at a proper height
for facilitating the connection between the articulated vehicles. |
| 294, | Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,
subclasses 49+ for hand forks and shovels. Hand forks and shovels
are distinguished from Class 172 apparatus such as a hand hoe in
that the row of tines or blade extends in the general direction
of the handle from an end thereof and is designed to engage and
lift a load. |
| 299, | Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material, appropriate subclass for subject matter relating
to recovering valuable material from the earth or breaking up hard,
solid material in situ. In working the earth surface, the line between
Class 172 and Class 299 turns on described hardness of material
worked, Class 299 taking a cutter or device for working hard solid
material in situ. Clay type earth or loose gravel is considered
soft material whereas solid rock, coal or road pavement is considered
hard material. However, a device for merely drawing a cutter back
and forth like a plow even in a hard surface is classified in Class
172 if specific cutter structure is not recited. |
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles, appropriate subclasses, especially
subclasses 41.1+ for wheels which may be structurally indistinguishable
from earth working tools but which are not intended to work the
earth. |
| 384, | Bearings,
subclass 157 for a plain bearing and 460 for an antifraction
bearing for plow or colter disks which may include the bearing support. |
| 403, | Joints and Connections, appropriate subclasses for a joint between two members
which does not involve any structure of the members other than that
which cooperates to effect the joint. |
| 404, | Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,
subclass 117 , for an earth compacting roller with vibrating
or impact means, subclass 121, for a sheep"s foot roller,
subclasses 122+, for a rotating drum, roller or tire to
compact earth and subclasses 133.05+, for earth tamping
means. |
| 414, | Material or Article Handling, appropriate subclasses. |
| 418, | Rotary Expansible Chamber Devices, for rotary expansible chamber-type pumps or motors,
per se. |
| 451, | Abrading,
subclasses 415+ for an abrasive attachment for sharpening earth
working tools. An earth working apparatus combined with a sharpening
device is in Class 172, subclass 437. However, where the earth working
apparatus, as claimed, is only a support for the attachment, then
classification is in Class 451. |
| 492, | Roll or Roller, for a nonearth working roll, per se, not elsewhere
provided for, and see the notes thereunder. |
| D8, | Tools and Hardware,
subclasses 1+ for tools and implements for agriculture, forestry
and horticulture. |
| D15, | Machines Not Elsewhere Specified,
subclasses 10+ for agricultural or construction machinery. |
SECTION IV - GLOSSARY
ACTUATOR
A device comprising both a means for imparting movement
to an element and a means for holding the moved element against
returning to a position from which it has been moved. Thus, an actuator
may comprise a servomotor, a mechanical power take-off from a motor
or rolling wheel, a hand operated lever and ratchet or merely a
handle and a bracket for holding the element moved by the handle
in position. In the case of a mere handle actuator, however, the
handle must be intended to be used merely to move an element to
an adjusted position where it is held in place by a holding means.
If the handle is intended to be used by an attendant so as to hold
an element in intermediate positions by continued application of
force by the attendant then the handle is not considered an actuator.
See subclasses 329+ for devices with such handles. If the
handle is disclosed as usable as an actuator to merely move and
hold and, alternatively, also as a guiding means to move and hold by
force exerted by the attendant then the handle is considered to
be both an actuator and an attendant hold means and is classified
accordingly in the first appropriate subclass and cross referenced
down if necessary.
A device comprising merely a means for moving by direct application
of draft force is not considered an actuator. For example, an implement
hitched to a tractor and provided with a latch and a movable hitch
whereby the draft force of the tractor on the movable hitch moves an
earth working element with respect to the implement frame and the
latch holds the element in different positions is not considered
to be provided with an actuator, as the term is used in this class.
See subclass 605 for such devices.
Also, a device comprising merely a screw bolt or the like
is not considered an actuator, being merely a clamping or an adjusting
means.
ADJUSTABLE
An adjective describing the capability of two parts of being
selectively held in different positions with respect to one another
by some means other than an attendant. A mere clamp which cooperates
with a member such that by loosening the clamp the member could
be set in any desired position and reclamped (e.g., clamp and spike tooth)
is not considered to be an adjusting means. However, any specific
structure such as selectively usable apertures, teeth, slots, etc.,
for the purpose of permitting the selective change of the relative
positions of two parts is included under this definition.
Despite the above limitation on the meaning of "adjustable" if
a claim emphasizes the feature of adjustability it is classifiable
in an "adjustable" subclass even if structurally
the feature comprises a mere clamp.
EARTH WORKING ELEMENT
Synonymous with "tool".
IMPLEMENT
A combination of parts comprising an earth working device.
It may mean merely an earth working portion or a complex combination
of parts including a tractor. Usually it indicates a complete device
which as an entity may be readily attached to a tractor in the field.
LATERAL
A direction which is transverse of the line of draft
of a tool over the earth unless some other meaning is clearly indicated
by the context.
LONGITUDINAL
A direction which is parallel to the line of draft of
a tool over the earth unless some other meaning is clearly indicated.
TOOL
That portion of the apparatus which actually works the earth.
SUBCLASSES
![[List of Patents for class 172 subclass 1]](../ps.gif) 1 | PROCESSES: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Methods.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclass 195 for methods of excavating. |
| 47, | Plant Husbandry,
subclass 58.1 for methods of earth working combined with an additional
nonearth working step such as adding fertilizer or treating the
soil. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 1 for methods of earth working combined with an additional
step of removing or separating a plant or buried object from the
earth. |
|
| | |
| 2 | AUTOMATIC POWER CONTROL: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working element and a means
for sensing a condition or change of condition, which condition
or change of condition may or may not occur, a separate control
means and a separate power means for changing a condition of operation
of the apparatus, said three means being so related that the sensing
means controls operation of the controlling means and the control
means controls operation of the power means, all without the intervention
of a human operator.
| | (1)
Note. The "power means" of the definition
comprises a motor or a mechanical power take-off. For purposes of
this definition a spring is not considered a power actuating means. |
| | (2)
Note. Apparatus in which a movement of the sensing means develops
power which directly moves the power means is not included (e.g.,
a sensing means connected to a piston in a hydraulic transmission
to directly cause movement of a piston in the power lift cylinder). See
subclass 239 for such apparatus. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 465, | for an actuator for lifting a tool for transport
comprising a servo-motor with a follow up control. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 9 for unearthing devices having automatic control. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclass 14.5 for a connection between a motor vehicle and a
trailer (including a broadly claimed implement) effective to automatically
control the vehicle on occurrence of an overload on the connection,
and subclasses 282+ for a motor vehicle provided with a
safety-promoting means which is responsive to the sensing of acceleration,
deceleration, or tilt of the vehicle. |
| 414, | Material or Article Handling,
subclasses 699+ , for material moving devices with a vertically
swinging load support of the tilting shovel or fork type with automatic
control for effecting an operation of the device. |
|
| | |
| 3 | Motive power control: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Apparatus in which the power means controlled is for propelling
the apparatus over the ground.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes brake or clutch control for the
propelling means. |
| | (2)
Note. The mere recitation of an implement by name only in
combination with a power driven propelling means therefor having
a mechanism for controlling the propulsion means in response to
a condition of the implement, as for example, a mechanism for disengaging
the clutch of a tractor when a pulled implement strikes an obstruction,
is not enough for classification under this definition. See Class
180, Motor Vehicles, subclass 14.5 for such devices. |
| | (3)
Note. The mere recitation of an implement in combination with
a power driven propelling means therefor including a means for adjusting
the implement and a mechanism for con trolling both the
propelling means and the adjusting means for the implement is included
in this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclass 14.5 for vehicle trains with automatically responsive
means for controlling the propelling means. A broadly named implement
is considered a vehicle for Class 180. |
| 901, | Robots, subcollection 1 for a mobile robot device. |
|
| | |
| 4 | Constant depth type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Apparatus in which the sensing means contacts or senses
the surface of the ground and acts to maintain the earthworking
element at a preselected depth therein. |
| | |
| 4.5 | Land leveller type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Apparatus in which the earth working element is a ground
leveling tool, (e.g., a scraper, etc.) which is so controlled that
the contour of the finished portion of the earth which is being worked
will be substantially straight in a longitudinal direction regardless
of the irregularities of the original surface of said portion. |
| | |
| 5 | Obstruction sensing type (includes plant sensing): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Apparatus wherein the condition sensed is the location of
an obstruction or plant.
| | (1)
Note. A stake or other object which has been previously placed
in position for the purpose of controlling an earth working implement
which is intended to approach such object is not considered to be
an obstruction within this definition since its sensing is not considered
to be a condition which may or may not occur. See search notes below
for such apparatus. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 23+, | for a stake or other object which has been previously
placed in position for the purpose of controlling an earth working
implement which is intended to approach an object |
| 38, | for driven tools having an obstruction feeling device
which moves the implement. |
| 233+, | for apparatus having an obstruction feeler for moving
an implement to avoid the obstruction, the obstruction feeler providing
the power necessary to move the implement or merely unlatching the
implement so that it may move. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 121.4+ for harvester cutters with plant or crop contacting
gauges. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 8 for drive triggered by desired object. |
|
| | |
| 6 | Electrical: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Apparatus in which at least one of the sensing, controlling
or power means is electrical. |
| | |
| 7 | Draft responsive: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Apparatus in which the condition change which is sensed
is a change in the force required to move the earth working element along
the ground.
| | (1)
Note. For classification under this definition a patent must
claim the automatic control feature in some detail. A mere broad
reference in a claim to an automatic control as, for example, a
mere broad reference in a claim to a top link in a three point hitch
broadly described as a link for automatically controlling a power
lift is not enough. See Search Notes below. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 3, | for apparatus including means to automatically control
the power means of a vehicle for propelling a tool which may be
responsive to the draft force on the earth working tool. |
| 239+, | for draft or pitch responsive depth control for
implements, the control being other than of the automatic power
control type. |
| 439+, | for patents with claims of the nature described
in (1) Note above. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 446.1+ for articulated vehicles with a hitch responsive
to changes in the draft load, there being no disclosure of an earth
working element being the cause of the change in draft load, and
subclasses 405.1+ for articulated vehicles with an adjustment
to distribute the load between the vehicles or from one vehicle
to another. |
|
| | |
| 8 | Variable rate responsive: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Apparatus in which the rate of movement of the power means
varies with the magnitude of the sensed force in such a manner that
the rate of movement increases or decreases when the magnitude of
the sensed force increases or decreases respectively.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes, for example, those devices in
which a plurality of pumps, a variable capacity pump, or a plurality
of successively operated valves are used to operate a fluid servomotor. |
| | (2)
Note. A system which has a mere single valve for directing
fluid to a servomotor which would provide less restriction to fluid
flow upon greater opening of the valve in response to the increased
magnitude of the sensed force is not included in this subclass. | |
| | |
| 9 | With manual actuator to select type of condition sensed: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Apparatus including means having a manually actuated element
which may be set in a plurality of positions, wherein changing the
position of the element results in a change in the type of condition
(e.g., position of tool, amount of draft force, depth of tool) which
causes a change in operation of the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes those devices having means to
operate the power means to raise or lower the earth working means
upon the occurrence of an excess draft force (e.g., excess draft release
or overload lift type). |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 465, | for an actuator adapted to lift a tool for transport
on a wheeled frame or broadly claimed implement and comprising a
servomotor with a follow-up control, or for a device wherein an automatic
draft responsive control is converted to a position control so that the
automatic draft control is effective only if the device is disassembled. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 91, | Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 358+ for expansible chamber motors having working member position
responsive feedback control. |
|
| | |
| 10 | Sensitivity adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Apparatus having means to selectively adjust the relationship
between the power means and the sensing means to change the magnitude
of sensed force required to produce a given movement of the power
means.
| | (1)
Note. The sensed force in this definition is the force applied
directly to the sensing means, for example, in the three-point mast
type hitch it is the force applied to the end of the top link and
not the force acting directly on the earth working element. | |
| | |
| 11 | With excess draft release: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Apparatus in which the earthworking element is normally
raised by the power means in response to an increase in the sensed
force and having means which is operative when the magnitude of
the force exceeds a predetermined amount to release the earth-working
element from control by the power means. |
| | |
| 12 | Overload lift type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Apparatus in which the condition sensed is an abnormal increase
in the magnitude of the draft force, the sensing means initiating
operation of the power means to cause raising of the earth working
element to an inoperative position.
| | (1)
Note. The earth working element may be returned to its previous
working condition as part of the cycle of operation. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 261+, | for overload responsive devices which are not automatic
in their operation. |
|
| | |
| 13 | LAWN EDGER: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means other than a scraper specially
intended for working the earth adjacent a fixed structure on the
surface of the earth (e.g., a paved walk to edge a lawn) or working
the earth adjacent a turf surface (e.g., grooving a plant bed adjacent
a lawn).
| | (1)
Note. This definition is intended to provide an art collection
of lawn edgers or trimmers. Usually such devices comprise a means
for guiding the device along the edge of the pavement. However no
special structure need be claimed for classification in this subclass.
Patents whose sole specific disclosure or whose claims relate to
the described use are considered to come under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 30, | Cutlery, appropriate subclasses for hand manipulable implements
for merely cutting or slitting grass or sod. Devices which cut so
as to form a groove in the soil, however, are classified in Class
172. |
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 10.1+ , for a motor-driven harvester, particularly subclass
13.7, wherein two or more cutters are provided, e.g., for mowing and
for trimming, and subclass 16.9 wherein the motor may drive a mower or
a trimmer; subclasses 229+, for a lawn and hedge cutter,
and subclass 251, for a lawn edge trimmer combined with a lawn mower.
The lawn edge trimmer or cutter of Class 56 merely cuts grass. If
a groove is cut in the soil, or the ground is otherwise disturbed,
classification is in an appropriate subclass in Class 172. |
|
| | |
| 14 | With or convertible to non-earth working implement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in combination with or convertible to an element
for performing some work operation other than earth working.
| | (1)
Note. Devices classified here include lawn edgers combined
with mowers, brushes or snow removers. | |
| | |
| 15 | Rolling or driven cutter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus comprising an earth working element which cuts
into the ground and has a rolling motion as it is pulled over the
ground or is positively moved with respect to its support with a
continuous or cyclic motion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 30, | Cutlery,
subclasses 292 and 319 for rotary blade cutters. |
|
| | |
| 16 | With fixed cutter or furrower: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus comprising in addition an earth working element
for cutting into or furrowing the earth which does not move relative
to its support while working the earth.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 63+, | for other driven and nondriven earth working elements. |
| 174+, | for other rolling and nonrolling earth working elements. |
|
| | |
| 18 | Impact or grapple: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus comprising (1) an earth working element adapted
to be driven generally vertically downwardly in the earth or (2)
jaw members for grasping and lifting a portion of earth.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 294, | Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,
subclasses 49+ for hand forks and shovels for digging or grappling
earth and not limited to use as lawn edgers. |
|
| | |
| 19 | SOD CUTTER: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means for cutting the earth (1) horizontally
and vertically or (2) annularly for the purpose of enabling a portion of
sod to be removed in an undisturbed condition.
| | (1)
Note. This definition is intended to provide an art collection
of sod or plug cutters. Other devices such as subsoilers, or the
like, which cut soil and have structure similar to that of a sod
cutter but are not used for the purpose of removing a strip of earth
in an undisturbed condition are not included. Patents are considered to
come under this definition if claims refer to sod cutting or the
sole specific disclosure relates to this use. |
| | (2)
Note. Patents relating to the handling and/or cutting
of sod after it has been cut from the ground are classified under
this definition if not otherwise classifiable. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 22, | for earth perforating devices which have means for
removing the earth from a hole made in the earth, there being no
intention to remove a piece of sod in an undisturbed condition so that
it can be replanted. The earth perforating devices characteristically either
disturb the earth or take out a very small diameter core of earth
and sod, not intended for replanting. |
| 376, | for hand tools of the loop type. |
| 698, | for a tool with laterally spaced standards. |
| 699, | for subsoilers. |
| 720, | for subsurface blades. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 30, | Cutlery, for merely cutting turf in a vertical plane. |
| 37, | Excavating,
subclasses 302 and 303 for devices for excavating stumps and stones,
and subclass 3 for peat excavators. |
| 47, | Plant Husbandry,
subclasses 73+ for plant receptacles of the transplanting type. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclasses 100+ for plant setting devices. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects, appropriate subclasses for separating plants from
the soil. |
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclasses 249+ for a core-forming type earth boring bit provided
with means to sever the core and subclasses 403+ for a
core-forming type earth boring bit. |
| 294, | Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,
subclasses 49+ for forks or shovels for lifting plugs of earth
or sod and subclass 50.6 for shovels of the grappling type, the
grapple having no means to cut the earth in a horizontal plane. |
| 299, | Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material, appropriate subclass for cutting hard, solid earth material in
situ, particularly
subclasses 36.1+ for a floor working machine. |
|
| | |
| 20 | With means for vertical transverse cutting while moving: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Apparatus comprising means for making a transverse vertically
extending cut in the earth while the apparatus is being propelled
over the surface of the earth.
| | (1)
Note. The apparatus may momentarily halt its forward motion
while the transverse cut is being made. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 101, | for driven earth working elements which are guided
for rectilinear reciprocation, which reciprocation may be in a vertical
transverse plane. |
|
| | |
| 21 | LAWN AERATOR OR PERFORATION, OR PLUG REMOVER: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus for treating earth covered with grass by making
a slit or small hole therein so as to either aerate the earth, remove
a plug of grass and soil, or merely pierce sod, with a minimum of
disturbance of the adjacent earth.
| | (1)
Note. The apparatus found in this subclass is not limited
to any specific type of structure but is usually disclosed as being
intended to perform the aforementioned aerating and/or
plug-removing function. |
| | (2)
Note. Apparatus which could incidently be used to perform
this function is not included herein, unless the aerating and/or
plug-removal of lawns is disclosed as an intended use of the apparatus. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 91+, | for cyclically driven carriers which have, movably
mounted thereon, hole forming earth-working teeth, blades, or like
projections, but which teeth, blades, or projections tear at and
snag the soil in working it. |
| 118+, | for devices, other than lawn aerators or plug-removers,
driven about a horizontal transverse axis. |
| 540+, | for roller devices, other than lawn aerators or
plug removers, with teeth which make holes in the ground. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 226 for standing grain gatherers with bat members having
a vertical movement similar to aerator projections; and subclass
249 for mowers with rollers having aerating devices. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclasses 89+ for devices for making a cavity in the earth and depositing
material in the cavity; and subclass 99 for hand implements for forming
a cavity other than a furrow in the ground to receive material. |
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth, appropriate subclasses for devices for boring holes
in the earth. |
|
| | |
| 22 | Earth removing: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Apparatus in which there are means for making a hole in
the earth by removing earth from below the surface of the ground
to a location above the surface.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 47, | Plant Husbandry,
subclasses 73+ for plant receptacles of the transplanting type. |
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclasses 403+ for a core-forming type earth boring bit. |
| 294, | Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,
subclass 50.7 for annularly arranged grappling-type hand forks
or shovels. |
|
| | |
| 23 | DRIVEN FROM OR GUIDED BY STATIONARY OBJECT, OR ANCHORED: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working means adapted (1)
to coact with some fixed manmade structure so as to be driven relative to
or guided by said structure, (2) to be anchored to some fixed structure
such as a tree or stake to be guided thereby, (3) to be operated while
anchored to or supported on the earth so as to prevent the apparatus
as a whole from having any translatory movement during the earth
working operation, or (4) to be guided by a guide means contacting
a channel or shoulder previously made in the ground.
| | (1)
Note. The fixed man-made structure may be portable. For example,
a tractor carrying a winch intended to pull an earth working element
relative to the tractor to work the earth is considered a "fixed installation",
provided the earth working element is not carried by the tractor. |
| | (2)
Note. A means for feeling an obstruction and merely guiding
or directing an implement to avoid such obstruction is not included
in this definition. Such means are found in subclass 233. Also, an
apparatus comprising merely a tool which shifts on meeting an obstruction
is not included. |
| | (3)
Note. In connection with section (3) of the above definition
the device must have some anchor, ground supporting feet or earth
penetrating pilot in addition to the earth working means. However, the
pilot may itself have some earth working function. |
| | (4)
Note. In connection with section (4) of the definition, in
order to come within the definition an apparatus must have an element
which does not support any substantial weight and which does not
have an earth working function and is disclosed as intended to contact
a channel or shoulder made on a previous pass of the apparatus or
some other apparatus. A landslide of a plow or the like is not classified
under this definition unless it is disclosed as specially intended
to be used to guide the apparatus along a previously made shoulder
since a landslide which inherently could be used to guide an apparatus
along a shoulder is very common in this art. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 104, | Railways,
subclass 169 for railroad rolling stock or track type apparatus claiming
an earth working implement by name only and concerned with means
for reciprocating the implement across a field, and subclass 244.1
for means coacting with a furrow for guiding a vehicle or implement
claimed by name only. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclasses 400+ for a motor vehicle steered by means extending
from a post fixed in a field. |
| 254, | Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or
Pulling Force,
subclasses 264+ for apparatus for hauling or hoisting a load including
a driven device which contacts and pulls on a cable when the load
is moved. |
| 901, | Robots, subcollection 14+ for the movement in space
of a robot arm about its base. |
|
| | |
| 24 | Around tree or stake: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Apparatus in which the earth working means is guided in
a rotary path by a fixed vertical member not forming a part of the
apparatus (e.g., tree or stake).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 25, | for an implement rotatable about a vertical axis
and carrying an anchor or feet to prevent translational movement
of the apparatus. |
|
| | |
| 25 | Rotatable about vertical axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Apparatus in which the earth working means is rotated about
an upright axis while the apparatus is anchored to or supported
on the ground so as to prevent translational movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 24, | for an implement attached to or guided in a rotary
path by a fixed vertical member (e.g., tree or stake). |
|
| | |
| 26 | Guided by surface track or previously formed shoulder: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Apparatus comprising a means which is adapted to contact
an elongated shoulder or channel on or in the ground in order to
guide the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. See (4) Note of subclass 23 for limitations applicable
to this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 13, | for a lawn edger which may be guided by the edge
of a pavement. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating, for railway grading apparatus guided by a surface
truck. |
| 104, | Railways,
subclass 244.1 for a vehicle guided by a furrow feeler. The vehicle may
be an implement claimed by name only. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 47 for a surface object or ground contour engaging
guide means which shifts the unearthing unit bodily with respect
to the frame in a generally horizontal plane. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclass 401 for a motor vehicle provided with steering gear
which includes a land based steering datum and means on the vehicle
for sensing the datum, which means cooperates with a steering motor
on the vehicle for the purpose of controlling the course of the
vehicle. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 87.2 for a land vehicle of the wheeled type provided
with means whereby one or more of its wheels may be steered by an
occupant and wherein the steering means controls also a wheel offset from
the principal supporting wheels of the vehicle but which, by its
own turning (i.e., pivotable) movement, is able to effect turning
movement of certain of the principal wheels; and subclass 776 for
a wheeled vehicle of the occupant steered type wherein bias means
is provided for maintaining a steerable wheel in engagement with
an elongate, more or less vertical surface (e.g., a curb) for a
vehicle-steering purpose. |
|
| | |
| 26.5 | Dragline scraper: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Apparatus comprising a scraper that is adapted to be connected
by a cable or the like flexible means to a fixed structure so as
to be driven relative to said structure.
| | (1)
Note. The scraper in this definition comprises an approximately
vertically disposed blade for smoothing the earth or for cutting
into the earth and pushing earth ahead of it in order to move the material
from one location to another. The disclosed use may be for scraping earth
beneath a body of water or scraping material from a vertical wall.
The blade may have spaced teeth, though usually it has a straight
edge. |
| | (2)
Note. Patents are considered to come under this definition
if they are disclosed as intended to be used with a fixed structure,
no special limitation being required in the claims. Use with a fixed
structure is considered to be established if it is clear from the
disclosure that the scraper is dragged back as well as forward by
a cable or the like and there is nothing in the disclosure inconsistent
with the cable or the like for forward motion being a drag line. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclasses 394+ , for cable-operated excavating apparatus comprising
more than a scraper, per se, and nominally recited hauling cables
or like flexible means connected thereto, subclasses 398+ for cable
operated wheeled scoops and subclasses 398+ for cable operated scoops.
A scoop differs from a scraper in that it has a bottom wall which
carries material to be transported, whereas a scraper relies on
the surface over which it is moving to support material which it
is transporting. |
|
| | |
| 26.6 | Scraper part rearranged upon reverse movement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 26.5. Apparatus in which the scraper is adapted to be pulled in
opposite directions by the cable or flexible means and in which
some portion of the scraper apparatus is caused to move to and remain
at a different position relative to some other portion when the
direction of pull is reversed.
| | (1)
Note. The relative movable portion of the scraper apparatus
must comprise more than a mere continuation of the flexible means,
such as a bail. | |
| | |
| 27 | WITH MEANS FOR CUTTING OR SHREDDING PLANTS WITHOUT SOIL DISTURBANCE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working means in combination
with an independent spaced means for severing or shredding crops without
disturbing the soil, said independent means being used simultaneously
with said earth working means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 39, | for a driven earth working element with a cleaner
spaced from the ground surface. |
| 66, | for earth working elements with a cooperating driven
cleaner which may act to sever vines or vegetation collected on
the implement. |
| 606+, | and the subclasses there noted, for earth working
elements with relatively movable cutting or cleaning means to remove
vegetation or debris that has collected on the implement. |
| 681+, | especially subclass 752 for earth working elements
having sharpened edges or portions which may serve to sever crops
or vegetation coming in contact with the elements. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters, appropriate subclasses for plant severing or shredding
means, per se, which do not disturb the earth. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 5 for unearthing devices with additional vertical
cutter for vegetation. |
|
| | |
| 28 | Driven: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Apparatus in which the plant severing or shredding means
is driven with a regular cyclic motion relative to its support or
frame by a power means in addition to the motion imparted directly
to the means by the translation of the device as a whole as it is
moved across the surface of the ground being treated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 35+, | for driven earth working elements or cleaners. |
|
| | |
| 29 | WITH MEANS FOR SHIFTING SURFACE MATERIAL WITHOUT SOIL DISTURBANCE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working means combined with
means (e.g., a rack) for shifting material lying on the surface
of the soil which has not been disturbed by the earthworking means
without disturbing the soil, said shifting means being used simultaneously
with said earth working means.
| | (1)
Note. Living plants, e.g., vines, are not included. Also dead
plants which are still standing, e.g., corn stalks, are not included.
See subclasses 514+ and 517 for plant deflectors for handling
such material. Also, devices which merely clean or remove material
from earth working elements are not included, see subclasses 39
and 66 for driven cleaners and subclasses 606+ and the
subclasses there noted for non driven cleaners. |
| | (2)
Note. For patents to be classified under this definition the
means to shift surface material must be disclosed as solely for such
purpose. An earth working implement which may be adjusted to travel above
the surface of the ground to shift surface material is not included. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters, appropriate subclasses for rakes or gatherers, per se,
or combined with harvesting means, and
subclasses 400.04+ for hand rakes combined with earth working elements. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 139 for a trash control accessory claimed in combination with
a planting machine. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 19 for unearthing devices with rake or lateral deflector
for ground contacting recovered objects. |
|
| | |
| 30 | Driven shifting means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Apparatus in which the means for shifting surface material
is driven with a regular cyclic motion relative to its support or
frame by a power means in addition to the motion imparted directly
to the means by the translation of the device as a whole as it is
moved across the surface of the ground being treated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 35+, | for driven earth working elements or cleaners. |
|
| | |
| 31 | Combined with rolling or vertically acting transverse cutter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Apparatus in which the earth working means includes at least
one earth engaging blade extending laterally of the direction of
travel and being either reciprocable vertically to perform a cutting
function or being attached to a rotary carrier which is rotated
due to the resistance of the earth as the apparatus is moved over
the earth.
| | (1)
Note. The earth engaging blade need not extend the 90° with
respect to the line of travel, but may be oblique with respect thereto. |
| | (2)
Note. Most of these devices are stalk choppers and the function
of the blade is mainly to cut stalks. | |
| | |
| 32 | WITH SEPARATING AFTER EARTH WORKING: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working means and a means
for acting on the earth severed from the ground or loosened by the
earth working means to classify, separate or assort it according
to its physical characteristics and return at least a portion of
such earth to the ground.
| | (1)
Note. The classifying, assorting, or separating means must
be in addition to and distinct from the earth working means which
severs the material from the ground. |
| | (2)
Note. The classifying, assorting, or separating means is generally
of the type found, per se, in Class 209, Classifying, Separating,
and Assorting Solids. |
| | (3)
Note. A mere pulverizing or comminuting is not considered
separating. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 511, | for fenders for preventing soil thrown about by
the apparatus from contacting plants, the fender being of the perforated
or screening type to permit fine soil to pass. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects, appropriate subclasses for means for unearthing
plants or objects from the ground and separating them from the earth.
The subject matter of Class 171 is characterized by means which
discriminate between an object and the earth. In Class 172 the discrimination is
between different portions of the earth itself, as between large
clods or granules and small clods or granules. For example, a Class
172 device may separate large granules of earth mixed with stones
from small granules of earth, while a Class 171 device would separate
stones from earth. |
| 299, | Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material,
subclasses 7+ for apparatus for mining material followed by separation. |
|
| | |
| 33 | WITH POWER DRIVEN MOLDBOARD, CONVEYER OR HANDLER: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working means combined with
a power driven means for handling the earth after it has been severed from
the ground or loosened by the earth working means.
| | (1)
Note. Where the power driven means not only handles the earth
but performs a substantial earth working function the apparatus
is classifiable in subclasses 35+. |
| | (2)
Note. The power driven handling means may comprise for example
a conveyer for moving the earth or a means for turning a furrow
slice. |
| | (3)
Note. A power driven cleaner or comminutor which merely separates
earth from an implement without conveying it to a distance is not
considered to come within this definition. Such devices may be found
in subclass 66. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating, appropriate subclasses for apparatus for working
earth or snow and conveying it away for the purpose of making an
excavation or the like. |
|
| | |
| 34 | COMPLETE APPARATUS ADAPTED FOR USE UPSIDE DOWN: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus , other than hand held devices, so arranged that
the whole apparatus may be turned upside down so as to work the
earth in that position in addition to its ability to work the earth
in its original right side up position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 136, | for diverse tools useable alternately only. |
| 241, | for an apparatus inverted to engage a ground support
with the ground. |
| 371+, | for hand tools which may be used in an inverted
position. |
|
| | |
| 35 | WITH DRIVE MEANS FOR TOOL OR CLEANER: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which a power means is provided to move an
earth working element with a regular cyclic motion relative to its
support independently of or in addition to the motion imparted directly
to said element by the translation of the device as a whole as it
is moved across the surface of the ground being treated.
| | (1)
Note. The moving means may employ a resilient element or gravity
return arrangement during a portion of the movement. |
| | (2)
Note. The power means may comprise (1) a prime mover such
as an engine or motor (2) a drive from a supporting wheel (other
than where there is an integral wheel and earth working element
or direct coupling therebetween) or (3) a manual means to continuously
rotate the earth working element. |
| | (3)
Note. Where no more of the driving means for a driven earth
working element is claimed than the driven shaft which supports
said element the patent has been construed as a rotary implement
subcombination, equally useful as a driven or a rolling earth working
element and has been classified in subclasses 518+ unless
(1) the claimed structure, attitude, or relation of the element
to the ground or to an adjacent, cooperating implement would require
a drive means to operate it in the manner disclosed or (2) unless
a disclosed drive means (more than a shaft) is claimed either broadly
or specifically. |
| | (4)
Note. Driven earth working elements as contemplated by this
definition usually engage earth which is either undisturbed or which
rests on undisturbed earth immediately after it has been treated
by another implement. As an exception to the above, driven elements
which (1) are contiguous to a ground treating implement to clean
it or (2) which are disposed in the path of the furrow slice or earth
stream leaving the implement to pulverize said earth have been classified as
driven earth engaging elements in subclasses 39, 50+, 66,
and 67. |
| | (5)
Note. Provision of power means to shift an otherwise undriven
earth working element at the option of the operator has not been
considered to result in a driven earth working element for this
definition in the absence of a regular and cyclic motion. For actuators
for shifting earth working elements see subclass 663 and the subclasses
there noted. |
| | (6)
Note. Some drive connections to an earth working element actually
retard the element and constrain it to rotate at a speed slower
than that at which it would roll on the ground. Patents claiming
such drives have been classified in this and indented subclasses
provided that the drive is capable of positively rotating the element
if it were not in contact with the earth. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 2+, | for driven implements with automatic power control,
especially subclass 5 for such implements with obstruction sensing
means. |
| 15+, | for a lawn edger with a driven cutter. |
| 19+, | for driven sod cutters. |
| 21, | for driven lawn aerators. |
| 28, | for an earth working implement with adriven means
for cutting or shredding plants without soil disturbance. |
| 30, | for an earth working implement with a driven means
for shifting surface material without soil disturbance. |
| 32, | for an implement comprising a driven tool with means
for separating earth after earth working. |
| 33, | for a power driven moldboard, conveyer, or handler. |
| 236+, | for an implement with a ground engageable draft
responsive lever. |
| 292, | for specific propelling means for traversing an
implement over the ground. |
| 518+, | for rolling, rotating or orbitally moving tools,
no detail of a drive for the tool being claimed. See (3) Note of this
definition (35). |
| 663+, | and the subclasses there noted for power driven
actuators for tools. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 15, | Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, appropriate subclasses for analogous apparatus used
for cleaning. |
| 30, | Cutlery, appropriate subclasses for general utility cutting
implements which may be power operated. |
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 10.1+ for motor driven harvesters and subclasses 500+ for
stalk choppers for cutting dead crop material. |
| 74, | Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclasses 11+ for power take-offs and subclass 16 for portable
assemblies for driving auxiliary attachments. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclasses 113 , 122, and 158+ for power-operated rotary
furrow openers claimed in combination with planting or soil treating
devices. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects, appropriate subclasses, for analogous apparatus
used for unearthing plants or buried objects. |
| 173, | Tool Driving or Impacting, appropriate subclass for a means to drive or impact a tool,
and particularly
subclasses 184+ for such means mounted on a wheeled vehicle. Class
172 has not been cleared as to conflicting subject matter with Class
173, therefor a disclosed use as a drive for an agricultural earth
working tool will cause classification in Class 172. |
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth, appropriate subclasses for analogous apparatus used
for boring small diameter holes in the earth, for example, for artesian
wells, oil wells, post holes, or the like. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles, especially
subclass 20 for motor vehicles with rollers, and subclasses
53.1+ for a motor vehicle in which the motor is used as
a source of external power to drive an external device. The line
between Classes 172 and 180 as to this subject matter is that Class
172 will take a patent in which (1) the external device is claimed
as being an earth working implement or (2) the claim includes an
external device and the sole specific disclosure relates to an earth working
implement, or (3) the external device is claimed by name only and
there is also claimed a means for manipulating the device relative
to the motor vehicle in a manner consistent with the manner in which
an earth working implement would be manipulated. |
| 299, | Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material,
subclasses 29+ for a hard material disintegrating machine having
a driven cutter and particularly subclasses 36.1+ for such
a machine described as working on a hard, solid floor or road surface. |
| 404, | Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,
subclasses 122+ , for a rotating drum, roller, or tire means to
compact the earth and drive means therefore. See search notes thereunder
for similar devices. |
|
| | |
| 36 | Subsurface shears or nippers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which plural earth working elements or parts
thereof are located below the surface of the ground and are relatively
moved by a power means in such fashion that they periodically engage
each other and then separate in order to cut or pinch subsurface
material or growths. |
| | |
| 37 | Tool rotated by attendant: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which an earth working element is mounted for
motion in a circular path and is disclosed as being moved in said
path by an attendant, in normal use, through an arc of over 360
degrees.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 329+, | for implements which are supported, propelled, guided
or held in position by an attendant but are not otherwise driven. |
|
| | |
| 38 | With obstruction feeling device for moving or releasing
implement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a driven earth working element is secured
to or carried by a supporting member movably mounted on a main vehicular frame,
there being a means on said member or said earth working element
adapted to engage a plant, tree, post, or like obstruction in the
normal path of traverse of the driven earth working element over
the ground to thereby shift or permit a shifting of the driven earth
working element out of the path of traverse to clear the obstruction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 5+, | for earth working apparatus in which the operation
of the device is controlled automatically by sensing an obstruction
or plant. |
| 23+, | for earth working apparatus which is controlled
by a prepositioned stake, cable, etc. |
| 233+, | for nondriven implements with obstruction feelers
for moving or releasing the implement to avoid the obstruction. |
|
| | |
| 39 | With cleaner or comminutor spaced from ground surface: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which the driven earth working element is mounted
on a support which is provided with a means which is spaced from
the original surface of the undisturbed ground and which means is
disposed and adapted either (1) to remove earth from an element
to be cleaned, or (2) to engage and chop up a slice of earth proceeding
from the driven earth working element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 30, | for earth working means combined with driven means
for shifting material lying on the surface of the earth without
disturbing the soil, the driven means working on material which
has not collected on the earth working means rather than on material
which is on parts or portions of said earth working means. |
| 49, | for a plurality of driven rotary ground engaging
tools which cooperate or intermesh one with the other. |
| 66, | for driven members which engage a nondriven earth
working tool to clean the same or to comminute a furrow slice turned
thereby, and 558+ and 606 for nondriven cleaners for non drive
tools. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 24 for unearthing devices with comminuting or multiple
cutting of recovered plant. |
|
| | |
| 40 | Vibrating tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which an earth working element, or a portion
thereof, is driven so that it has a motion of small amplitude (i.e.,
it vibrates).
| | (1)
Note. Generally, the implement is driven by reaction forces
produced by the rapid rotation of an off-center or unbalanced mass. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 61+, | for intermittent drives for tools. |
|
| | |
| 41 | Attendant supported tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a power driven earth working element
is adapted to be entirely supported and manipulated by an attendant.
| | (1)
Note. The power supplying means may be supported in any manner
desired as on a vehicle, on the ground or carried by the operator. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 37, | for a tool which is continuously manually rotated
by an attendant. |
| 370, | for nondriven tools with attendant attaching means. |
| 371+, | for hand held nondriven tools. |
|
| | |
| 42 | Guided by walking attendant: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a driven earth working element is mounted
on a frame which element or frame is provided with a means to enable
a walking attendant to steer, guide or otherwise manipulate the
element or frame, such frame being propelled over the earth by the
attendant, by the earth working element or by a traction member
driven from a prime mover supported on the frame.
| | (1)
Note. This definition is intended to take those implements
commonly referred to as "garden tillers", "rotary
cultivators" and like devices which traverse the earth and
are guided or manipulated as a unit by a walking attendant, there
being disclosed a means, generally a handle, for affecting such
guiding or manipulation. Devices which are coupled to a horse or tractor
propelling means have been excluded and will be found in the subclasses
hereinbelow based on the particular tool features or particular manipulative
features of the driven tools. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 21+, | for earth perforator tools of the lawn aerator type
which may be hand guided by a walking attendant, such devices generally
being self propelled over the earth. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 16.7+ , for a motor-driven lawn mower that is steered
by a walking attendant. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclasses 19.1+ for a motor vehicle steered by a walking attendant. |
|
| | |
| 43 | With ground support vertically adjustable relative to frame: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Apparatus comprising a frame, a driven tool supported by
said frame and ground support means vertically adjustable relative
to the frame.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of adjustable see "adjustable" in
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 78, | and 80, for other driven earth working elements
combined with wheel substitutes. |
| 387+, | for nondriven earth working elements combined with
wheel substitutes. |
|
| | |
| 44 | Subsurface shaft or bar (e.g., rod weeder): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a driven earth working element in the
form of a narrow elongated shaft or bar is disposed transversely
to the line of draft and is rotatably supported wholly below the surface
of the earth.
| | (1)
Note. The usual purpose of the subsurface rotary shafts of
this subclass is to stir up the soil usually to loosen weeds. |
| | (2)
Note. The elongated rod may be articulated or provided with
projecting elements such as teeth. |
| | (3)
Note. The rod is generally rotatably supported at the lower
end of "gooseneck" type standards and there may
be a number of such standards some rotatably supporting the rod
and others disposed forwardly of or to the rear of the rod and carrying
at the lower ends thereof earth working teeth such as plows, chisels,
etc. | |
| | |
| 45 | Flails: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a tooth, tine or like earth working part
is so freely pivotally mounted on a driven rotary carrier that during
carrier rotation centrifugal forces cause the free end of said tooth,
tine, or like to swing to a radial position relative to the axis
of rotation of such carrier.
| | (1)
Note. This definition includes teeth or tines which are freely
pivotally connected to a rotary carrier by means of a flexible chain. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 91+, | for other teeth, tines or like earth working parts
which are movably mounted on a driven carrier, the movement being
caused (1) by a drive means or (2) by flexure of a resilient tooth,
tine or like earth working part on encountering an overload or (3)
by the turning of a rolling blade when the same contacts the ground. |
|
| | |
| 46 | Coaxial tools oppositely rotated: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which two or more earth working elements are
journaled in a frame for movement in circular paths about a common
axis of rotation, the drive means for such earth working elements
being so arranged that said elements rotate in reverse directions
relative to each other. |
| | |
| 47 | With specific relationship of mast type hitch (i.e., three
point hitch) to implement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which the driven earth-working element is part
of an implement associated with a three point hitch (mast-type hitch)
wherein significance is attributed to the cooperation of the implement
with the hitch, or the implement includes a mounting for an additional
three point hitch at the rear thereof for connection to another
implement.
| | (1)
Note. See this class, subclass 439, the definition and notes
thereunder for a definition of a mast-type hitch. | |
| | |
| 48 | Plural driven tools: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus employing a plurality of separate earth working
elements or groups of elements, each of which is driven so as to
move with respect to one another during operation, and each of which
is connected, through a linkage, to a drive means that drives the
tool in a predetermined manner.
| | (1)
Note. Included herein are patents wherein the tools are driven
by a common driving element such as a drive chain or camshaft, and
those wherein the tools are mounted on shafts connected to individual
gears of a row of intermeshing gears. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 84+, | for plural earth working elements which are alternately
raised from and lowered into the ground in a "hoeing" or "spading" type
movement. |
| 91+, | for an earth working implement comprising a carrier
means such as a chain or wheel which forms the support for earth-engaging
teeth and has an orbital movement while the teeth supported by it
also move with respect to it. |
| 96+, | for a tool having multiple earth-engaging elements
(e.g., elongated teeth) which are mounted on a single support and
(a) are pivoted freely thereon, (b) have a spring connection thereto,
or (c) consist of spring elements so that they are movable with respect
to each other, but not in a predetermined manner. |
| 100, | for an earth working implement in which a plurality
of teeth or like earth working parts or portions are mounted on
a flexible or articulated member which is driven in a closed path
or circuit relative to a frame upon which said teeth, parts, or
portions and member are supported. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 173, | Tool Driving or Impacting,
subclass 52 , and see the search notes therein for a single
advance causing or controlling means or manipulating means for plural
tool drives. |
|
| | |
| 49 | Contiguous cooperating or intermeshing rotary ground engaging
tools: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Apparatus in which separate earth working elements travel
in circular paths in contact with the earth and in which (1) said
paths intersect and overlap or (2) said earth working elements are
disposed immediately adjacent each other to cooperate in treating
the intermediate earth.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 36, | for driven earth working elements which cooperate
in the manner of shears or nippers under the surface of the earth. |
|
| | |
| 49.5 | Rotating about vertical axes: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 49. Apparatus in which the axes, about which the earth working
elements travel, are disposed in a generally vertical direction.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes patents whose sole specific disclosure
is to an implement in which the elements cooperate to work a continuous
strip of soil. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 59, | for patents in which the tools, as disclosed, are
laterally spaced so as to leave a strip of unworked soil between the
tools. |
| 111, | for patents wherein a single tool, rotating about
a vertical axis, is disclosed and claimed. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 160 for a power- driven earth working tool, rotatable about
a vertical axis, which is claimed in combination with a planting machine. |
|
| | |
| 50 | Diverse tools: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Apparatus which include a plurality of driven earth working
elements which are not identical.
| | (1)
Note. Differences in size or shape constitute matter for this
definition but mere differences in rotary displacement (phase),
position or attitude are excluded and are classified in a pertinent
subclass herebelow on the basis of the features of each individual
earth working element. For example, mirror images are not considered
to be differences of shape. | |
| | |
| 51 | All rotary: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Apparatus in which each of the diverse driven earth working
elements moves through at least a complete turn in a circular path
about an axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 69, | for similar arrangements wherein a rotary tool is
driven by a diverse rolling tool. |
|
| | |
| 52 | Parallel axes: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Apparatus in which the axes of rotation of the diverse earth
working elements are parallel to each other. |
| | |
| 54 | Oscillating tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Apparatus in which at least one of the driven, diverse earth
working elements is moved back and forth through an arcuate path. |
| | |
| 55 | Plural groups of disks: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Apparatus in which the plural driven earth working elements
consist of two or more groups of earth working elements, each group comprising
a plurality of generally circular platelike members handled as a
unit. |
| | |
| 56 | Staggered tools: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Apparatus in which the plural driven earth working elements
are individually spaced both laterally and in the direction of draft
or travel. |
| | |
| 57 | Laterally spaced tools: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Apparatus in which the plural driven earth working elements
individually spaced transversely of the direction of travel. |
| | |
| 58 | Longitudinal axes: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Apparatus in which the axes of cyclic movement of the spaced
earth working elements are parallel to each other and to the direction
of draft. |
| | |
| 59 | Vertical axes: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Apparatus in which the axes of cyclic movement of the spaced
earth working elements are parallel to each other and are disposed
perpendicular to the earth"s surface. |
| | |
| 60 | Transverse axes: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Apparatus in which the axes of cyclic movement of the spaced
earth working elements are coaxial or parallel to each other and
are diposed perpendicular to the direction of draft. |
| | |
| 61 | Intermittent drive for tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a power drive to an earth working element
is periodically interrupted.
| | (1)
Note. Such intermittent drives generally employ mutilated
or interrupted gears or cam operated drive clutches. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 36, | for subsurface shears or nippers which comprise
earth working portions which are periodically brought into engagement
one with the other and then separated in order to cut or pinch subsurface
material or growth, the means for imparting such movement generally
being a power drive which is periodically interrupted. |
| 40, | for a vibrating earth working element. |
| 90, | for an apparatus supported by an irregular or off
center ground wheel or support which gives an intermittent motion
to an earth working element. |
|
| | |
| 62 | With spring return: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in which movement of the earth working element
through the power drive portion of its cycle effects a loading of
a resilient means which means then effects movement of the earth
working element to its initial position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 36, | for subsurface shear or nipper-type tools wherein
plural earth working elements or parts thereof are moved toward
or away from each other by a positive drive means having a spring device
as part thereof. |
|
| | |
| 63 | With non-driven tool (e.g., plow, harrow, drag, scraper,
knife or roll, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus which have a plurality of earth working elements,
one of said elements being driven by a power driven means while
another of said elements is not connected to said drive.
| | (1)
Note. The nondriven earth working element may be fixed relative
to the driven element (such as a plow, harrow, drag, scraper or
knife) or may be a rolling earth working element such as a disk
or roller. |
| | (2)
Note. The nondriven earth working element may be a ground
contacting part or portion of a hood or shield for a driven earth
working element provided such part or portion is specifically designed
to work the earth; e.g., hoods with scraping, leveling, or smoothing
blades or edges and hoods with depending crust breaking teeth are
included under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 33, | for the combination of a nondriven plow with a power
operated moldboard adapted to remove the furrow turned by the plow. |
| 80, | for driven earth working elements combined with
wheel substitutes, i.e., runners or other ground contacting supporting
means other than wheels, which perform no substantial earth working
function. |
| 133+, | for a plurality of nondriven earth working elements
which are different one from the other. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 24 for unearthing devices with comminuting or multiple
cutting of recovered plant. |
|
| | |
| 64 | Non-driven furrow opener and driven dam former: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Apparatus in which the nondriven earth working element is
provided for forming a furrow or irrigation ditch and the driven
earth working element is provided for disposing earth across said
furrow or ditch to thereby block or interrupt the same in order
to form therein a series of basins spaced from each other by interposed dams.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 143, | for nondriven furrow openers followed by intermittently
rolling ditch blockers. |
|
| | |
| 65 | Interdigitating non-driven and driven tools: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Apparatus in which earth working portions of the non driven
earth working elements intermesh or interdigitate with earth working
portions of the driven earth working elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 49, | for a plurality of driven, rotary earth working
elements which are disposed in intermeshing relation to each other. |
|
| | |
| 66 | Cooperating driven cleaner or comminutor and contiguous
tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Apparatus in which the driven earth working element is disposed
in contact with or along side of and within the confines of a fixed
or rolling earth working element in order, for example, to clean
the latter or to treat a furrow slice passing between the two earth
working elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 30, | for earth working means combined with driven means
for shifting material lying on the surface of the earth without
disturbing the soil, the driven means working on material which
has not collected on the earth working means rather than on material
which has already collected on parts or portions of said earth working
means. |
| 39, | for cleaners or comminutors which are spaced above
the original surface of the undisturbed ground and which cooperate
with driven earth working elements. |
| 558, | and 606, for devices or machines for scraping the
soil from earth working elements. |
|
| | |
| 67 | Driven comminutor at outlet of earth guide: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Apparatus in which the nondriven earth working element is
in the form of a surface adapted to pick up earth and guide it to
a driven earth working element which pulverizes said earth.
| | (1)
Note. The guide surface may be in the form of a trough, grate,
ramp, or tube. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 33, | (and see the Notes thereunder) for power driven
conveyers which handle severed earth materials after they leave
the earth working elements. |
|
| | |
| 68 | Rolling tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Apparatus in which the driven earth working element is associated
with a nondriven earth working element which is freely journaled
on a support in a manner to contact the ground and to be rotated
by the resistance thereof as the latter element traverses a field.
| | (1)
Note. Said nondriven earth working element may be a disk,
roller or toothed drum but a rolling member disclosed as a mere
support is excluded. | |
| | |
| 69 | With tool drive from rolling tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Apparatus in which the driven earth working element is actuated
by a power transmission means other than a mere rigid or articulated shaft
which means is interposed between the driven earth working element
and the rolling earth working element in such manner that in the
disclosed use of the device the flow of power is always from the
rolling earth working element to the driven earth working element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 520, | for rolling tools which are on different axes and
in mutual driving relationship. |
|
| | |
| 70 | Fore-and-aft non-driven tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Apparatus in which the driven earth working element is disposed
between a first forwardly positioned nondriven earth working element and
a second rearwardly positioned nondriven earth working element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 145+, | for three or more diverse tools following the same
path, all of such tools being nondriven earth working tools. |
|
| | |
| 72 | Leveling drag or furrow shaper: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 71. Apparatus in which the nondriven earth working element comprises
a ground-engaging forming member having a lower surface shape which
is substantially flat or horizontal or which is upwardly concave
to form a cross sectional configuration which is desired to be imparted
to the disturbed earth behind the driven earth working element. |
| | |
| 73 | Staggered driven and non-driven tool (e.g., cotton chopper,
etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Apparatus in which the driven earth working element is positioned
to engage the earth in an area laterally and longitudinally of the
area in which a nondriven earth working element engages the earth.
| | (1)
Note. The driven earth working element generally works a plant
row which row is undisturbed in the sense of not being broken, pulverized,
tilled, or the like, however, the nondriven earth working element
or elements may hill earth onto or scrape earth from the plant row
before the driven earth working element engages the same. | |
| | |
| 74 | With power take-off from tool drive to adjust tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which the means for transmitting power from
a power source to the driven earth working element is provided with
a power take-off for adjusting the position of the earth working
element relative to the earth.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 315+, | 317+, 321, 322+, 324+,
395+, 439+, and especially 452+, for
power driven means to shift an implement which is otherwise undriven
in order to lift it or move it for adjustment purposes. |
|
| | |
| 75 | Interconnected tool lift and drive control: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a means is provided to interrupt a power
drive to a driven earth working element simultaneously with a bodily movement
of the element to a different vertical position with respect to
the ground.
| | (1)
Note. The usual purpose of these devices is to stop or arrest
the cyclic motion of the earth working element when it is lifted
to an inoperative position out of contact with the earth. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 83, | for devices in which the power drive to an earth
working element is interrupted by shifting of said element back
or forth along the line of travel of the device. |
| 103, | for overload relief or clutch means for interrupting
the drive to a driven earth working element upon engagement of such
element with an obstruction or as desired by an attendant. |
|
| | |
| 76 | Implement with ground support for depth control: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a driven implement is connected to a
vehicle for vertical movement with respect thereto and is provided
with a ground-contacting supporting member which member moves over
the earth"s surface and imparts to said implement a vertical
movement corresponding to the contour of the earth"s surface
to thereby maintain the earth working element of the driven implement
at a predetermined working depth.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 117, | for driven earth working elements which are freely
or yieldably mounted on supporting frames whereby they may move
vertically or laterally relative to said frames, there being provided
no ground supports other than the support afforded by ground contact
of the elements themselves. |
|
| | |
| 77 | Vertically biased implement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Apparatus in which the driven implement is provided with
a resilient means for normally biasing said implement in a vertical
plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 117, | for driven tools which are provided with a resilient
means for yieldably biasing the same on a chassis. |
| 497, | for nondriven tools which are spring biased in a
vertical plane and which are provided with ground support means. |
|
| | |
| 78 | Vertically adjustable ground support: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Apparatus in which the ground contacting supporting member
is adapted to be vertically adjustably connected to the driven implement whereby
the normal working depth of the earth working element may be altered
by moving said ground-contacting supporting members from one vertical
position to another.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition for the meaning of "adjustable". | |
| | |
| 79 | Tool driven from prime mover on vehicle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Apparatus in which the earth working element of the driven
implement is drivingly connected by a transmission means to a power
source on the vehicle.
| | (1)
Note. The power source of this definition may be a self-contained
prime mover for propelling the vehicle or an auxiliary self-contained
power means; for example, an auxiliary gasoline or Diesel engine,
an electric motor, etc. The power source does not include a mere
power take-off from a driven or rolling ground wheel of the propelling
vehicle. For such devices see subclasses 76 and 105+. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 125, | for drive details in the transmission means from
a power source on a vehicle to a driven earth working element carried
thereby. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 45 for a tractor powered trailing unearthing unit. |
|
| | |
| 80 | With wheel substitute (e.g., runner, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus comprising a runner or other ground contacting
supporting means other than a wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 42+, | for driven earth working elements which are mounted
on a frame, the frame being provided with (1) a ground support means
and (2) a means for guiding the same over the earth by a walking
attendant. |
| 76, | for driven implements with ground supports and articulated
connections to vehicles. |
| 240+, | for ground supports for nondriven earth working
tools, which supports only engage the ground while transporting
said tools. |
| 387+, | for wheel substitutes which are combined with nondriven
earth working elements. |
|
| | |
| 81 | With plant deflector or protector: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which (1) means are provided to move the above
ground portions of plants and to direct them either towards or away
from a driven earth working element in order to assure that they
are destroyed or preserved, respectively, or (2) means are provided
for protecting the plant against earth moved by the earth working
element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 29, | for earth working elements combined with means for
shifting material, such as trash, dead plants, reclining stalks, etc.,
lying on the surface of the soil without disturbing such soil. |
| 517, | for plant deflectors, per se. |
|
| | |
| 82 | Driven tool selectively shiftable along line of travel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a driven earth working element which
normally travels in a given path or orbit with respect to a frame
which supports said element is shiftable at the will of the operator
back or forth in the direction in which the frame is moved across
the ground to correspondingly shift the path or orbit.
| | (1)
Note. The usual purpose of such shifting is to contact or
to avoid contact with certain plants in a row while "chopping" out excess
plants. |
| | (2)
Note. The shifting motion must be a rectilinear one substantially
exactly in or parallel to the line of travel to come under this
definition. | |
| | |
| 83 | Tool drive interrupted by shifting tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Apparatus in which the back or forth shifting movement of
the earth working element is operative to effect a disengagement
or declutching of the drive means to said earth working element
to thereby arrest the cyclic motion of the element while in said
back or forth position.
| | (1)
Note. The usual purpose of these devices is to stop the cyclic
motion of the tool when it has been shifted to a fore or after position
to avoid chopping out or otherwise injuring a plant. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 75, | for driven earth working elements which are mounted
for vertical shifting on a frame, the vertical shifting causing
an interruption of the drive to the elements. |
|
| | |
| 84 | Simultaneously reciprocating and oscillating blade having
elongated shank: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which the earth working element comprises at
least one tooth which has an earth-engaging portion and an elongated
shank portion said earth-engaging portion having an oscillating
motion about a point and the point itself having a component of
motion generally parallel to or coinciding with the longitudinal axis
of the shank in addition to the motion imparted to it by the traverse
of the apparatus over the ground whereby the motion of the earth-engaging
portion may be analyzed as a reciprocation in directions generally
longitudinally of the shank and also an oscillation in directions
generally transversely of the shank.
| | (1)
Note. The earth-engaging portion is usually either perpendicular
to the shank to provide a hoeing action or else aligned with the
shank to provide a spading motion. |
| | (2)
Note. An earth working element comprising a carrier means
such as a chain or wheel, for example, which carrier forms the support
for earth-engaging teeth and has an orbital movement while the teeth supported
by it also move with respect to it is not included. See subclasses
91+ for such devices. |
| | (3)
Note. An earth working element comprising a driven wheel or
like carrier means having movably mounted on the periphery thereof
a blade or like earth working portion, there being provided a means
to swing such blade or portion back and forth through an arc the
center of which arc moves through a circular path concentric with
the circular path of the driven carrier is not included. See subclass
94 for such elements. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 99 for a digger supported and guided for motion in
a rectilinear or curvilinear path. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclasses 8.1+ for a motor vehicle having reciprocating or oscillating
leg propulsion means. |
|
| | |
| 85 | Transverse chopping type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Apparatus in which the driven earth working element is driven
in an endless path or orbit which lies in a plane which is generally
vertical and disposed perpendicularly to the direction of travel
of a frame on which the earth working element is mounted.
| | (1)
Note. The patents in this and the indented subclasses are
generally directed to devices which hoe transversely across a row
of plants to chop out certain of the plants. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 70, | and 73, for transverse choppers combined with nondriven
earth working elements. |
|
| | |
| 86 | With plural cranks or cams driving each blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 85. Apparatus in which the elongated shank portion is driven
by plural cranks or eccentric pins or cams which engage the earth
working element at points which are spaced along said shank portion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 88, | for other earth working elements having elongated
shank portions driven by plural spaced cranks or eccentric pins
or cams. |
|
| | |
| 87 | Means for varying contour of path of blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 85. Apparatus in which means are provided to vary the shape
or contour of the path or orbit through which the earth working
element is driven.
| | (1)
Note. A mere incidental change in the shape or contour of
the path or orbit of the element due to the raising or lowering
of the same to vary the working depth thereof or to raise the same
for transport is not included herein. The claim must set forth means
for varying the shape or contour of the path, which means is independent
of the raising and lowering means. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 89, | for other earth working elements having elongated
shank portions which are provided with means for varying the shape
or contour of the path or orbit through which said earth working
elements are driven. |
|
| | |
| 89 | Means for varying contour of path of blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Apparatus in which means are provided to vary the shape
or contour of the path or orbit through which the earth working
element is driven.
| | (1)
Note. A mere incidental change in the shape or contour of
the path or orbit of the element due to the raising or lowering
of the same to vary the working depth thereof or to raise the same
for transport is not included herein. The claim must set forth means
for varying the shape or contour of the path, which means is independent
of the raising and lowering means. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 87, | for transverse chopper-type earth working elements
which are provided with means for varying the shape or contour of
the path or orbit through which the earth working elements are driven. |
|
| | |
| 90 | Irregular or off-center ground-engaging wheel or support: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which an earth working element which is supported
on a frame is moved towards and away from the earth by a lifting member
which is rotatably or pivotally supported on an axis on said frame
and has circumferential portions which extend radially to varying
distances from said axis in such fashion that said lifting member
engages the earth and periodically lifts the frame and the earth working
element.
| | (1)
Note. The frame may be a vehicle chassis, all or part of which
is lifted to move the earth working element. |
| | (2)
Note. The lifting member may roll on the earth or may be driven
with respect to the frame. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 236+, | for irregular ground-engaging wheels or levers which
engage the earth to resist motion of the apparatus thereover, whereby
upon a predetermined resistance relative motion between the wheels
or levers and the apparatus causes a manipulation of the apparatus
or a part thereof, the lever or wheel passing through only a portion of
a cycle i.e., passing through a cycle of less than 360°. |
|
| | |
| 91 | Blade movable with respect to cyclically driven carrier: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a tooth or like earth working part or
portion is movably supported on a carrier which carrier is driven
in a definite closed path or orbit whereby said tooth, part or portion
moves with respect to said carrier as said carrier moves through
its path or orbit.
| | (1)
Note. A vehicle upon which the tooth or like earth working
part or portion is mounted would not be a "carrier" for
this subclass even if it were steered to travel in a closed circular
path. |
| | (2)
Note. A tooth or like earth working part or portion which
can be moved from one position of adjustment to another on its carrier
is not considered "movably mounted" for this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 109, | for a tooth or like earth working part or portion
which can be moved from one position of adjustment to another on
a rotary driven carrier. |
| 541, | for rolling carriers having movably mounted thereon
teeth or like earth working parts or portions which can be moved
with respect to the rolling carrier from an earth working position to
a position in which the teeth are prevented from engaging the ground. |
| 545, | for rolling carriers having projections on the periphery
thereof which projections move relative to he carriers as said carriers
rotate. |
| 550, | for a tooth or like earth working part or portion
which can be selectively moved from one position of adjustment to
another on a rolling carrier means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclasses 89+ for an earth boring device including a tool element
on a continuously driven flexible or articulated endless member. |
|
| | |
| 92 | With means for moving blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Apparatus in which a means is provided for positively causing
the movement of the tooth or like earth working part or portion
relative to the carrier as said carrier moves through its path or
orbit.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes those earth working elements
having earth working parts or portions which rotate or move in orbital
paths relative to the cyclically driven carriers on which said parts
or portions are mounted. |
| | (2)
Note. A mere spring connection between the blade and carrier
for causing movement is not included in this definition. See subclass
96 for such apparatus. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 48+, | for a carrier which is itself a separate earth working
element. |
| 546, | for rolling carriers having earth working teeth,
parts, or projections on the periphery thereof, there being provided
a means to cause movement of said teeth, parts, or projections relative
to the rolling carriers. |
|
| | |
| 93 | Rectilinearly reciprocating blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus in which the tooth or like earth working part
or portion is driven in such a fashion that it reciprocates in a
straight line path with respect to the driven carrier upon which
it is mounted. |
| | |
| 95 | By cam or crank: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus in which the tooth or like earth working part
or portion is driven with respect to the driven carrier by a cam
or crank.
| | (1)
Note. The cam or crank is usually but not necessarily actuated
in response to motion of the carrier. | |
| | |
| 96 | Blade flexible or with yieldable mount on carrier: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Apparatus in which the tooth or like earth working part
or portion is supported on the driven carrier by means which include
a member which bends or distorts to allow said tooth or like earth
working part or portion to move relative to said carrier.
| | (1)
Note. The support may comprise a freely bendable connection
or a resilient means adapted to bias the tooth or like earth working
part or portion to a given position and which means may be employed either
with or in lieu of a hinge connection between the carrier and said
tooth, part, or portion. |
| | (2)
Note. The support may be a mere continuation of a spring formed
or flexible blade or blade shank. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 45, | for "flail type" tools wherein
a tooth or like earth working part or portion is so pivotally mounted
on a driven rotary carrier that during rotation of said carrier
centrifugal forces cause the free end of said tooth or like earth working
part or portion to swing to a radial position relative to the axis
of rotation of said carrier. |
| 261+, | for nondriven earth working elements provided with
means permitting the elements to shift with respect to the earth
or a supporting frame when said elements encounter an overload. |
| 543, | for rolling nondriven tools having the teeth or
like earth working parts or portions thereof formed of resilient material. |
| 544+, | for rolling nondriven tools in which the teeth or
like earth working parts or portion thereof are mounted on a spring
or are so related to a spring that relative movement between such teeth,
parts or portions and the rolling supporting structure stresses
the spring. |
|
| | |
| 97 | Compound motion for tool (e.g., reciprocating and oscillating,
reciprocating and rotating): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which the earth working element or an earth-engaging
portion thereof has different, distinct kinds of motions (such as
reciprocating and rotating) with respect to the earth, these motions
either occurring simultaneously or successively during the cyclical
operation of the earth working element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 91+, | for blades or teeth which are movably mounted on
carriers which are also movably mounted so that said blades or teeth
travel in paths determined by the superposed motions caused by the respective
movable mountings. |
| 101, | for earth working elements which move in a guide
means only in a reciprocating path. |
|
| | |
| 98 | Tool mounted for lateral shifting: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a movably supported earth working element
which is driven in a given path or orbit is provided with an actuating
or manipulating means whereby during operation said element may
be shifted at the will of an operator to positions in which said
path or orbit is spaced from its initial position transversely of
the line of travel of the element across the ground.
| | (1)
Note. The usual purpose of the lateral shifting is to follow
a crooked row of plants or to chop or avoid cutting out certain
plants in a row. |
| | (2)
Note. The lateral shifting means may be a handle or foot lever
type attendant operated actuating means which may be selectively
moved from one latched position to another, or a handle or foot lever
type attendant operated manipulating means which may be moved from one
position and held in the position to which it is moved by continued
application of force on the manipulating means by the attendant. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 117, | for driven earth working elements which are mounted
for free or yielding movement laterally of the path of travel, there
being provided no attendant operated actuating or manipulating means
for effecting such movement. |
| 332+, | for nondriven tools which are manipulated by an
attendant to vary their position relative to a supporting frame. |
|
| | |
| 99 | About generally vertical axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Apparatus in which the earth working element is swingable
on a fixed radius about a fixed vertical axis in a generally horizontal
plane transversely across the line of travel of said element. |
| | |
| 100 | Blade on endless driven belt or chain: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a tooth or like earth working part or
portion is mounted on a flexible or articulated member which is
driven in a closed path or circuit relative to a frame upon which said
tooth, part, or portion and member are supported.
| | (1)
Note. The flexible or articulated member is generally a chain
or endless belt type carrier to which the tooth, part, or portion
is immovably fixed while said tooth, part, or portion is actually
in ground engagement, but said tooth, part, or portion may move
slightly as said carrier moves around gears, pulleys, or otherwise
changes its direction in its closed path. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 23, | for earth working elements towed across a field
from a fixed traction point by a flexible member. |
| 91+, | for blades which are movably mounted on belts or
chains. |
| 542, | for rolling, rotating, or orbitally moving nondriven
endless belts or chains having teeth or blades thereon. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 94 for unearthing unit carried by an endless flexible
member. |
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclasses 89+ for an earth boring device including a tool element
on a continuously driven flexible or articulated endless member. |
| 305, | Wheel Substitutes for Land Vehicles,
subclasses 187+ for an endless flexible track for a land vehicle,
said track having detachable cleats for penetrating the ground to
secure better traction for the track. |
|
| | |
| 101 | Tool guided for rectilinear reciprocation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a guide means is provided for constraining
an earth working element to move back and forth in a straight line
path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 20, | and 22, for vertically reciprocating sod cutters. |
| 21, | for vertically reciprocating turf perforators which
pierce the soil to aerate the same. |
| 61+, | for tools which are guided for rectilinear reciprocation
but which are intermittently driven through their cycle of operation. |
|
| | |
| 103 | With overload relief or clutch in drive train (e.g., overload
release, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which the drive transmission means between
a driven earth working element and its motivating means is provided
with a power transmitting member which (1) slips, bends, breaks,
distorts, or in some other manner allows a relative displacement
between said earth working element and its motivating means, or
(2) can be selectively moved from one position in which the drive
transmission means is interrupted between the driven earth working
element and its motivating means to another position in which said
drive transmission means is again operative to transmit power directly
from the motivating means to the driven earth working element.
| | (1)
Note. Generally the function of the overload relief means
is to protect the earth working element whenever it encounters an
obstruction, while the clutch functions to interrupt the power drive
to the earth working element whenever desirable. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 75, | for driven earth working elements which are provided
with means to interrupt the power drive to said element upon a bodily
shifting of the same from one vertical position to another. |
| 83, | for driven earth working elements which are provided
with means to interrupt the power drive to said element upon a bodily
shifting of the same back or forth in the direction of draft. |
| 96, | for teeth or like earth working parts or portions
which are yieldably mounted on a power driven cyclic carrier for motion
with respect thereto upon contact by a resisting member. |
| 117, | for means to yieldably support an earth working
element which means may permit the earth working element to rise
up out of contact with an obstruction. |
| 533, | for a clutch between a shaft and a rolling, rotating,
or orbitally moving nondriven tool mounted thereon. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 9 for unearthing devices with drive overload release. |
|
| | |
| 104 | Unidirectional clutch in drive from ground wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Apparatus in which an overrunning clutch or its equivalent
is interposed between a ground wheel and an earth working element
driven thereby in such a manner that the wheel may drive the earth
working element when said wheel is turning in one direction but
not in the other. |
| | |
| 105 | Driven from rolling or driven ground wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a driven earth working element is mounted
in a frame which is provided with a claimed ground-engaging supporting wheel
and details of a power transmitting means from the wheel to the
earth working element are set out in the claims.
| | (1)
Note. Mere mention of a transmission between the wheel and
the earth working element or a broad statement of the type of transmission
(e.g., gearing) have not been considered to involve detailed structure
which would require classification under this definition since traction drives
of this type are very common in the art. |
| | (2)
Note. The wheel may itself be driven by power applied to it
or may be a freely rolling wheel. In the case of a driven wheel
the wheel must be interposed in the path of power from the source
to the earth working element to come under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 44, | for "rod weeder" type implements which
may be positively driven from a ground wheel on the weeder supporting
frame. |
| 61+, | for earth working elements which may be intermittently
driven from a rolling or driven ground wheel, such intermittent
drive generally being from several pins or other projections which
are spaced about the periphery of the wheel or from mutilated gears or
cam operated drive clutches which are operatively associated with
the wheel. |
| 69, | and the Note thereunder for earth working elements
which are driven by nondriven earth working elements as the latter
roll over the ground. |
| 103+, | for earth working elements which may be driven from
a rolling or driven ground wheel and which include in the drive
transmission from such wheel an overload relief or clutch means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 108 for traction wheel drive for an unearthing unit
part. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclasses 337+ for transmission mechanisms for driven ground wheels. |
| 414, | Material or Article Handling,
subclasses 439+ for a wheel operated motion or draft responsive
load handler. |
|
| | |
| 106 | Belt or chain drive: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Apparatus in which the drive interposed between the earth
working element and a wheel includes an endless flexible force transmitting member. |
| | |
| 107 | Tool driven about horizontal, longitudinal axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which an earth working element is driven about
an axis which is parallel to the ground and is additionally located
in a plane which is generally parallel to the direction of travel
of the earth working element over the ground.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes those earth working elements
which oscillate about a longitudinal axis generally back and forth
across a crop row, for example, for thinning out or chopping cotton
plants. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 5+, | for "cotton chopper" type tools
which may be driven to oscillate or rotate about a horizontal longitudinal
axis and in which the operation of said tool is further under the
control of a sensing means. |
| 58, | for a plurality of laterally spaced tools each driven
about a longitudinal axis. |
| 63+, | especially subclasses 70 and 73 for driven tools
which may move about a longitudinal axis and which in addition,
are combined with one or more non-driven tools. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 97 for a rotary digger driven about a horizontal longitudinal
axis. |
| 299, | Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material,
subclasses 39.1+ for a floor working hard material disintegrating
machine having a driven rotary cutter. |
|
| | |
| 109 | Adjustable tooth or blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Apparatus in which the rotary earth working element includes
a tooth or like earth working part or portion whose relative position
on the hub or supporting portion of said element may be adjusted.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable", see
the class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. This definition is intended to embrace those rotary
earth working elements in which a tooth or like earth working part
or portion thereof may be changed from one position of adjustment to
another, such tooth, part, or portion being locked in each selected
position of adjustment. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 96, | for earth working elements wherein the tooth or
like earth working parts or portions thereof are flexibly or yieldably
moved from one position to another on the supporting hub or carrier
of said elements. |
| 550, | for rolling earth working elements having peripherally
spaced thereon and adjustably secured thereto a plurality of teeth,
blades, or the like earth working parts or portions. |
|
| | |
| 110 | Tool driven about generally vertical axis (e.g., oscillating
choppers, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which an earth working element is driven about
an axis which is generally perpendicularly disposed relative to
the ground.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes those earth working elements
which oscillate about a vertical axis. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 48+, | especially subclass 59, for a plurality of tools
each of which is provided with a separate individual drive means for
causing the same to move about a vertical axis. |
| 522+, | for nondriven tools of the rolling, rotating, or
orbitally moving type which move about a vertical axis. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 299, | Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material,
subclass 41.1 for a floor working hard material disintegrating
machine driving a substantially vertical axis cutter. |
|
| | |
| 111 | Rotary driven tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Apparatus in which an earth working element is rotatably
driven about a vertical axis.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 160 for a power driven earth working tool, rotatable about
a vertical axis, which is claimed in combination with a planting machine. |
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclasses 170+ for a drive for an earth boring tool, and including
a drive for a vertical axis rotary-type earth boring tool which
may be manipulatively mounted on a wheeled vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 112 | With deflector or shield for thrown material: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which the driven earth working element is provided
with a guard or baffle means disposed in the path of material thrown from
said element generally to intercept said material and alter the
course or path of flow thereof to thereby cause said material to
be deposited in a position or location other than that which said
material would have assumed without said baffle means.
| | (1)
Note. This definition includes hoods or like housings or enclosures
against the inner surfaces of which unearthed material from a driven
earth working element is impinged to break up clods or lumps of
said material. |
| | (2)
Note. This definition is intended to take those patents in
which the shield or deflector is disposed on or above the original
ground surface and performs no earth working function except that
incidental to shielding or deflecting the driven earth working element. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 32, | for screens and the like, placed in the path along
which unearthed material emerges from an earth working element to
separate constituent portions of said material. |
| 63+, | for nondriven tools combined with driven earth working
elements which tools may be in the form of hoods or shields provided
with ground contacting parts or portions designed to perform an
earth working function such, for example, as leveling or further pulverizing
the earth proceeding from the driven implement, or breaking or scratching
the earth"s crust prior to working thereof by said driven
earth working elements. |
| 72, | for leveling drags or plates which follow the driven
earth working element and level or shape the soil redeposited on
the earth by said element. |
| 508+, | for guards or shields for nondriven earth working
elements. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 112 for an unearthing unit provided with a protective
guard or casing. |
|
| | |
| 113 | Laterally directed outlet flow: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Apparatus in which the baffle or guard means acts on the
material flowing from the driven earth working element to deflect
said material laterally of the direction of draft of said element. |
| | |
| 114 | Specific propelling means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus comprising a motor or motor actuated means for
traversing a driven earth working element over the ground.
| | (1)
Note. Self-propelled or tractor-propelled implements are common
in this art. Hence for a patent to be classified under this definition,
the propulsion means must be recited in some detail, and the mere
recitation of a motor is not enough. However, a broad reference
to a wheel substitute such as a tracklaying means on a tractor is
sufficient. Also a recitation of a relationship with a propulsion
means such as the statement that an implement hitch arm is connected
to a differential housing (as distinct from merely a "rear axle
housing") is enough. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 105, | for self-propelled or tractor-propelled devices
wherein the earth working element is driven from a rolling or a driven
ground wheel of said device. |
| 292, | for specific propulsion means for non-driven earth
working elements, and see the Search Class Notes thereunder for
appropriate fields of search in Class 74, Machine Element or Mechanism,
Class 180, Motor Vehicles, and Class 305, Wheel Substitutes for
Land Vehicles. |
| 352, | for manually driven stepper-type propulsion means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 180, | Motor Vehicles, appropriate subclasses for specific propelling means for
motor vehicles. |
|
| | |
| 115 | Tool steers implement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Apparatus in which the driven earth working element is used
to steer the apparatus in the desired direction as it traverses
the ground. |
| | |
| 116 | Tool propels implement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Apparatus in which (1) the sole means disclosed for traversing
the apparatus over the ground is the driven earth working element
and the apparatus is not disclosed as being guided by a walking
attendant or (2) the driven earth working element aids in traversing
the apparatus over the ground or is the sole means for traversing
the apparatus over the ground and there is a significant recitation
in a claim indicating this fact. |
| | |
| 117 | Tool freely or yieldably mounted on chassis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which the driven earth working element is so
mounted on a supporting frame that during normal operation said
earth working element can (1) move freely relative to said frame,
or (2) can move against the action of a biasing member which generally
urges said earth working element into a predetermined position.
| | (1)
Note. This definition includes lateral as well as vertical
movement, and the tool need not be capable of universal movement
but such tool may move in a guide way or the like even though the
amplitude of the movement may be limited by stop means. |
| | (2)
Note. The movement of the tool relative to the frame as contemplated
by this definition is a shifting or movement of the tool from one
position to another in the frame, which movement is above and beyond
the motion of the tool as it is driven through its path or orbit.
Such shifting or movement may be either a translation of the tool
as a unit or simply a pivotal movement of the tool about a fixed
axis. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 77, | for a driven implement having a ground support and
being jointedly connected to a vehicle there being additionally
provided a resilient means for normally biasing the implement in
a vertical plane. |
| 96, | for teeth or like earth working parts or portions
which are yieldably mounted on a power driven carrier for motion with
respect thereto. |
| 98+, | for earth working elements which are provided with
a means whereby an attendant can selectively vary the lateral position
of said elements during normal operation. |
| 497+, | for an actuator adapted to lift a nondriven tool
for transport on a wheeled vehicle, there being provided a resilient
means for biasing the tool to a predetermined position but permitting
the same to yield on overload or the like. |
| 501+, | for an actuator adapted to lift a nondriven tool
for transport on a wheeled frame, there being provided a lost motion
connection between the actuator and tool whereby during earth working
said tool is free to move relative to said actuator or frame. |
|
| | |
| 118 | Tool driven about axis transverse to draft line: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which an earth working element is driven about
an axis which is parallel to the ground or disposed at an angle
relative to the ground and is additionally located in a plane which
is transverse to the direction of travel of the earth working element.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes those earth working elements
which are driven to and fro in an arcuate path about an axis extending
transversely to the direction of draft; e.g., oscillating hoes and
choppers. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 61+, | for earth working elements which are intermittently
driven back and forth in an oscillatory path about an axis that is
disposed transversely to the direction. |
| 124, | for earth working elements which are disposed at
an angle other than 90° to the direction of draft as viewed
in plan. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 98 for a rotary digger driven about a longitudinal
transverse axis. |
| 299, | Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material,
subclasses 25+ for an ice working device having a driven cutter,
and subclasses 39.1+ for a floor working hard material
disintegrating machine having a rotary cutter. |
|
| | |
| 119 | Screw or spiral rib, blade or tooth row: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Apparatus in which an earth working element which is driven
about an axis transverse to the direction of travel is provided
either with (1) a radially protruding ridge or sharpened plate or (2)
a row of radially projecting prongs, which ridge, plate or row lies
along a line which exends both longitudinally and circumferentially
of a surface of revolution, such as a cylinder or cone.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 532, | for nondriven earth working elements which are provided
with screw or spiral arranged teeth, or like earth working parts
or portions. |
|
| | |
| 120 | Disk or planar cutter (e.g., saw, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Apparatus in which an earth working element which is driven
about an axis extending transversely to the direction of travel
is in the form of a generally circular member which may be either
flat or dished.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 55, | for plural groups of driven disks. |
| 518+, | for rolling, rotating, or orbitally moving disc
or planar cutter-type tools. |
|
| | |
| 121 | Laterally extending bar or blade with skeleton support
(e.g., lawn mower type, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Apparatus in which the driven earth working element includes
a laterally extending bar or earth working part or portion held
on a rotatable support by openwork or by spaced supporting means.
| | (1)
Note. The overall appearance of these earth working elements
is very similar to that of a conventional lawn mower. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 552, | for nondriven earth working elements having laterally
extending blades on skeleton supports. |
|
| | |
| 122 | Drum with teeth or blades: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Apparatus which comprises a relatively large diameter drum
or roller-like member having spaced about the periphery thereof
a plurality of teeth, blades, or like earth working parts or portions.
| | (1)
Note. The peripheral surface of the drum should be in ground
contact as distinguished from a small diameter supporting shaft
for teeth, blades, cutters, or like earth working portions, which
shaft would be spaced above the ground. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 554, | for rolling nondriven tools comprising drums having
axially spaced teeth or blades thereon. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 492, | Roll or Roller,
subclasses 30+ for a roll, per se, not elsewhere provided for,
having surface projections, indentations or slits. |
|
| | |
| 123 | Rotary driven tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Apparatus in which the earth working element is rotatably
driven about an axis extending transversely to the direction of
travel. |
| | |
| 124 | Tool driven about diagonal axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which the driven earth working element is driven
about an axis which as viewed in plan is disposed at an angle other than
90° to the direction of draft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 118, | for earth working elements which are driven about
axes which are disposed at 90° to the direction of draft. |
|
| | |
| 125 | Tool drive details: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Apparatus in which a mechanical drive feature is significantly
claimed, such as a gearing, universal coupling, bearing, lubrication
means or details of a drive motor.
| | (1)
Note. For classification under this definition a patent must
have a claim which contains some detailed description of a particular
mechanical drive feature. Thus, the mere nominal inclusion of "a gear", "a
universal coupling", "a bearing", etc.,
will not suffice, while a more specific identification of the drive
feature such as "a worm gear", "a double clevis
type universal coupling", "a floating roller bearing",
etc., will suffice. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 103, | for a clutch or overload release coupling interposed
between an earth working element and a driving means therefor. |
| 105, | for mechanical drive features forming part of a
specialized drive interposed between an earth working element and
a traction and supporting wheel driving the same. |
| 533, | for a clutch interposed between a shaft and a rolling
nondriven earth working element. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 142 for details of a drive for a driven unearthing
device. |
|
| | |
| 126 | WITH EARTH MARKER: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working device in combination
with means for making a mark or on the earth, which mark is to be
used as a sight line for the earth working means on a subsequent
pass over the field.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass is intended to include marking devices
disclosed as mounted on some earth working means (e.g., a planter)
even if the earth working means is claimed only as a support. However,
devices for making a mark in the earth disclosed as independent instrumentalities
not mounted on some principal earth working means are treated as
if they themselves were earth working devices (which they are since they
mark the earth) and are classified in appropriate subclasses below. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 133+, | for diverse earth working elements. |
| 204+, | for earth working elements alternating for right
or left hand operation. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 33, | Geometrical Instruments,
subclasses 18.1+ for scribers of general utility comprising mechanically
guided relatively traveling means for scratching or scoring lines. |
| 104, | Railways,
subclass 244.1 for furrow followers for guiding a vehicle along the
furrow. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclasses 25+ for means, combined with or disclosed in combination
with a planter, for intermittently marking the earth to indicate seed
depositories and subclass 33 for means for intermittently impressing on
the ground a mark, or combinations of such means with means for marking
an unbroken line on a field. A planter claimed by name only, combined
with a marker is classifiable in Class 172. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 6 for unearthing device with an earth marker. |
|
| | |
| 127 | Marker shiftable on turning: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Apparatus wherein the marker means is designed to make a
mark to one side of the earth working device while the apparatus
proceeds in one direction, and to shift to mark at the other side
of the implement in response to the turning of the apparatus. |
| | |
| 128 | Marker adjusted upon raising implement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Apparatus comprising means for raising the earth working
device to a transport position and means interconnected therewith
to shift the earth marking means with respect to the earth working
device responsive to the raising movement of the earth working device.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass does not include those devices in which
the earth working device and marker are raised as a unit without
relative movement. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 209+, | for apparatus comprising tools alternating for right
or left hand operation, lifting of the apparatus being interrelated
with shifting of the tools. |
|
| | |
| 129 | Ground wheel operated marker control: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Apparatus in which the earth working device includes ground-engaging
wheels and the marker means is moved relative to the earth working
device by power derived from rotation of the wheels.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 492, | and 493, for actuators adapted to lift a tool for
transport wherein power for said actuators is derived from a continuous
source of power. |
|
| | |
| 130 | Multiple interconnected markers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Apparatus wherein plural markers are provided and interconnected
such that when one marker is adjusted to operative position, the
other marker is simultaneously moved to inoperative position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 127, | for interconnected markers shiftable on turning. |
| 128, | for interconnected markers shiftable on lifting
the earth working device. |
| 204+, | for apparatus comprising earth working tools alternating
for right or left hand operation. |
|
| | |
| 131 | Markers on laterally shiftable member: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Apparatus in which the markers are mounted at opposite ends
of a common carrying member, the carrying member being movable laterally
to place the markers into alternate operative and inoperative positions.
| | (1)
Note. The lateral shifting is more than a mere pivoting movement.
The common carrying member is usually moved bodily in a lateral
direction and also pivoted on a longitudinal axis. | |
| | |
| 132 | Marker swingable about longitudinal axis to both sides: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Apparatus having marker means mounted to pivot through approximately
180° about an axis which extends in the direction of travel
of the implement and centrally thereof so as to be alternately usable
on opposite sides of the implements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 224+, | for implements alternating for right or left hand
operation which are rotated about a longitudinal axis from one operative
position to the other. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 104, | Railways,
subclass 244.1 for furrow followers for a vehicle to guide it along
a furrow, such followers being mounted in a manner similar to that
of a marker mounting. |
|
| | |
| 133 | DIVERSE TOOLS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising the combination of earth working elements
of different size or shape each working the earth at the same time or
adjustable into earth working position.
| | (1)
Note. The diverse earth working elements must each be present
in the apparatus at the same time, though one may be removable leaving
another. |
| | (2)
Note. The diverse earth working elements must be distinct
entities as distinguished from a single unit having portions of
different shape to perform different functions. For such unitary
elements see for example, subclasses 540+. A single disk
is considered a unit. Where one tool or soil working element (e.g., sweep)
is directly mounted upon another tool or soil contacting element
(e.g., cultivator shovel) or on a common support or frame and for
any given adjusted position (if the two are adjustably connected) could
be made integral and the second element in effect forms a continuation
of the first, for continuous soil contact, this is considered to
be a single tool and is excluded from this definition. |
| | (3)
Note. The combination of a plow and an element for merely
cutting or breaking a furrow slice raised by the plow is not classified
under this definition. For subject matter of this type see subclass
758. |
| | (4)
Note. Where one implement is claimed so broadly that it can
be considered merely a named support for the other, not distinguishable
from a general utility support such as a vehicle, the device is classified
on the basis of the other implement. See (2) Note in the definition
of subclass 452 and (5) Note in the definition of subclass 669. |
| | (5)
Note. Earth working elements which differ merely by being
for right or left hand operation or being mirror images of one another
are not included. See subclasses 204+, 642, and 686 for
such apparatus. |
| | (6)
Note. A device comprising an earth working element mounted
on a frame which frame may incidentally contact the earth and act
as an earth leveling member and so be considered a diverse earth
working element is not included under this definition unless the
frame is specifically shaped or modified to perform said function. |
| | (7)
Note. The combination of an implement or implements having
a part rotated by engagement with the soil and a nonrotating part
are included under this definition even though the parts may be contiguous
or form a continuation of one another if both of said parts perform
a substantial earth working, cutting, or turning function. A plow
having a moldboard which includes rollers or a belt to reduce friction
is not included since the rollers or belts are not considered to
have any substantial earth working function. (See subclasses 717
and 718). However, a plow having a disk moldboard is included. (See
subclass 167). Also a rotating tool having a mere scraping element
for removing earth from the tool is not included while a rotating
tool having an adjacent moldboard for turning a slice raised by
the tool is included. (See subclasses 168 and 558+). |
| | (8)
Note. A runner or landside directly connected to or forming
a direct rearward continuation of a tool is considered to be a part
of the tool. Thus, if an earth working blade, sweep, or the like
is connected to such a runner or landside the resultant device is
considered to be a single tool having multiple earth working portions and
is not classified under this definition. See subclasses 728 and
746, for example. However, if a runner or landside is spaced rearwardly
from a tool and does not form a direct continuation thereof and
has an earth working blade, sweep, or the like mounted thereon,
this is considered to be two separate tools and classification under
this definition results. |
| | (9)
Note. A runner which is not attached to the rear of or does
not form a rearward continuation of a tool and has a plurality of
different type or shape blades or earth working portions attached
thereto rearwardly of its forward end is considered to be a mere
common support for diverse tools and the resultant apparatus is
classified under this definition. (See subclass 188). |
| | (10)
Note. A pair of laterally spaced runners or landsides with
unlike tools mounted thereon and spanning the same is included under
this definition. |
| | (11)
Note. Where a nonearth working mounting member for one tool
is directly connected to or carried by the earth working portion
of a diverse tool, patents will be classified under this definition
even if the claims do not recite the tool by which the member is
carried. |
| | (12)
Note. This definition includes those devices in which one
of the tools may be solely disclosed as cutting a vertical slit in
the earth merely to prevent side sway or counterbalance side thrust.
(See subclasses 190+). |
| | (13)
Note. Where there is combined with an earth working implement,
such as a plow, a separate and distinct member which receives soil
elevated by the implement and acts to deflect the soil to the side,
invert it, etc., the member in this combination will be considered
an earth working tool and be classified under this definition. |
| | (14)
Note. Hand held tools having diverse earth working portions
or elements are not included. See subclasses 371+, especially
subclasses 375 and 378+ for such devices. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 16, | for a lawn edger with a rolling or driven cutter
and a fixed cutter or furrower. |
| 20, | for a sod cutter with a means for transverse cutting
while moving. |
| 34, | for an earth working apparatus adapted for use upside
down. |
| 50+, | for plural driven diverse tools. |
| 63+, | for a driven tool combined with a nondriven tool. |
| 126+, | for an earth working device combined with an earth
marking means. |
| 204+, | for alternating tools which differ merely by being
for right or left hand operation. |
| 245+, | for apparatus comprising a tool convertible or changeable
to a diverse tool, and specially subclasses 251+ for a
tool changeable to a diverse tool by assembly or disassembly. |
| 452+, | for a broadly claimed implement with an actuator
adapted to lift a tool on said implement for transport. |
| 540+, | for a rolling tool with circumferentially spaced
tines, blades or the like of different shape or size. |
| 558+, | for a disk with disk cleaning means. See (7) Note. |
| 642, | for a pair of relatively movable tools cooperating
to move earth to and from a plant row, the tools differing merely by
being for right or left hand operation. |
| 669+, | for a broadly claimed implement supporting an earth
working element. |
| 684.5, | and 799.5, for implements comprising plural scraping
blades which are of different size or shape, or mounted in different
angular relationship with respect to a reference line. |
| 686, | for right and left hand tools. |
| 714+, | for plural earth-engaging parts of an earth working
element, the parts being movable during operation. See (7) Note. |
| 728, | for a symmetrical-type tool with an attached runner
and additional blades attached to the runner. See (8) Note. |
| 746, | for an earth working tool with a portion extended
beyond the landside. |
| 758, | for a moldboard-type earth working element with
a furrow slice cutter or breaker. |
| 777+, | for a scraper supporting a narrow depending tool. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 30, | Cutlery, especially
subclasses 123+ for knives and cutters of general application combined
with other devices. |
| 37, | Excavating,
subclasses 403+ for a scraper combined with a scoop, shovel, or
the like. |
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 400.04+ for hand rakes combined with other tools. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 4 for unearthing devices with additional earth or
plant rolling implement, subclass 6 for unearthing devices with
additional earth marker or earth conditioner, subclass 10 for unearthing
devices having preliminary removal of earth. |
|
| | |
| 134 | One located in path of implement wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which the diverse earth working elements are
supported or propelled by a wheeled frame and at least one of the
earth working elements operates on the soil traversed or to be traversed
by the wheel or wheels.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 175+, | for rolling and nonrolling implements operating
along the same path. |
| 297+, | for a tool located forward of the rear of a motor
vehicle. |
| 671, | for a wheel and tool mounted on a single longitudinal
beam and traveling in the same path. |
| 676, | for a tool mounted on a wheeled frame and traveling
in the same path as the wheel. |
| 810+, | for a tool located forward of a motor vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 135 | One implement surrounds another : |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which an implement has earth working portions
which operate on all four sides of an implement having a diverse
earth working element.
| | (1)
Note. The surrounding implement may comprise a plurality of
like separate tools. | |
| | |
| 136 | Tools usable alternately only: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus comprising earth working elements arranged adjustably
in the apparatus so that when an element of one type is in ground-working
position an element of another type must be out of ground working
position.
| | (1)
Note. Hand held tools having alternately usable unlike earth
working portions or elements are excluded from the definition. See
subclass 375. |
| | (2)
Note. This definition includes apparatus in which two integral
diverse tools must be removed and reversed to bring the diverse
tool into operation. The diverse tools must always be present in
the apparatus when the apparatus is working the earth. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 34, | for apparatus adapted to be inverted in its entirely
to provide an earth working operation in either position. |
| 204+, | for alternately usable tools which differ merely
by being for right or left hand operation. |
| 251+, | for a tool which is changeable to a diverse tool
by an assembly or disassembly operation. |
| 375, | for hand cultivating tools having diverse alternately
usable earth working portions. See (1) Note above. |
| 777+, | for an alternately usable scraper and narrow depending
tool attached thereto. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 2 for alternately usable unearthing units. |
|
| | |
| 137 | With means to vary spacing of tools upon turning: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus including means to alter the spacial relationship
of the diverse earth working elements incident to a change in the
direction of movement.
| | (1)
Note. Tool mountings which merely permit relative movement
between the tools in the absence of means to change the relationship
upon turning are not classified in this and indented subclasses,
but are classified below on other bases. |
| | (2)
Note. The variation in the spacing of the tools may be in
a horizontal direction or may be a variation in the relative elevations
of the tools. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 255, | for apparatus in which a tool is lifted out of or
lowered into ground engagement incident to a change of direction of
movement. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 456.1+ for articulated vehicles having plural connections
therebetween. |
|
| | |
| 138 | With interconnected vertical adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which the diverse earth working elements are
independently mounted so as to be elevatable about separate axes
or along different paths and lifting means are connected to each
of the earth working elements the lifting means being so interrelated
that vertical movement of one earth working element is accompanied
by vertical movement of the other.
| | (1)
Note. The tools may move in opposite directions, i.e., one
move up while the other moves down. |
| | (2)
Note. The lifting means may comprise an actuator or an attendant
manipulated handle. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 488+, | for a single-lift actuator for plural relatively
movable like tools. |
|
| | |
| 139 | Plow and colter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Apparatus in which the diverse earth working elements comprise
a moldboard-type tool for turning a furrow slice and a cutting knife
to cut a vertical slit in the earth in advance of the moldboard-type
tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 144, | for the combination of a colter, jointer and plow. |
| 165+, | for diverse tools one of which is a colter. |
|
| | |
| 140 | With independent means for vertical movement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus including a frame on which the diverse earth working
elements are mounted and separate means are provided to selectively vertically
move the diverse earth working elements with respect to the frame.
| | (1)
Note. The moving means may be an actuator or an attendant
manipulated handle. |
| | (2)
Note. This definition includes apparatus in which both tools
are lifted by a single manipulating means and the second tool is
lifted with respect to the first by a second manipulating means. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 301, | for plural tools mounted ahead of the rear and to
the rear of a motor vehicle and being actuatable by independent power
units. |
| 468, | for plural tools liftable for transport on a wheeled
frame and being independently actuatable. |
|
| | |
| 141 | Interconnected adjustment of horizontal angle of rolling
and position of diverse tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which one of the earth working elements is
of the rolling or rotating type, the axis of rotation thereof being
adjustable in a substantially horizontal plane and a diverse earth
working element adjustable about a separate point or along a different
path, the adjustment of one earth working element resulting in an
adjustment of the other earth working element. |
| | |
| 142 | Including spring formed tool or standard: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which one of the diverse earth working elements
comprises an earth working element which is formed of or supported directly
upon a member formed of resilient material.
| | (1)
Note. A pivoted tool having means to bias the tool about the
pivot is not included under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 389+, | for spring-tooth type implements having runners
or other wheel substitutes. |
| 643, | for plural spring teeth in a single implement. |
| 707+, | for spring teeth, per se. |
|
| | |
| 143 | Including intermittently rolling tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which one of the earth working elements is
of the rolling or rotating type and including brake or stop means
for slowing down or stopping the rotation or rolling thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 528+, | for rolling or rotating tools having means for stopping
or retarding the rotation thereof. |
|
| | |
| 144 | Colter, jointer and plow: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which the diverse earth working elements comprise
a plow or earth turning element having a moldboard to turn a furrow slice,
a smaller plow or element to throw a strip of soil into the far
side of the furrow in advance of the main plow, and a cutting knife
to cut a slit in the ground forward of the plow, the plow operating
in the slit.
| | (1)
Note. The colter and jointer must be separate from one another
and from the plow. |
| | (2)
Note. Patents claiming the combination of a separate colter
and jointer disclosed for use with a plow will be classified as originals
under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 163+, | for the combination of a jointer and plow. |
| 165+, | for the combination of a colter and diverse tool
operating in the slit formed by the colter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 3 for unearthing devices with a stabilizing colter
or fin. |
|
| | |
| 145 | Three or more diverse implements following same path (A,
B, C, or A, B, A,): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus comprising at least three diverse implements in
succession, the second implement following in or overlapping the
path of the first and the third following in or overlapping the
path of the second, the implements being longitudinally spaced and
having diverse earth working elements.
| | (1)
Note. Two of the implements may be the same if a different
implement intervenes. |
| | (2)
Note. If an implement follows in or overlaps the path of travel
of a diverse implement the implements are considered to be traveling
in the same path. Thus it may be seen that three implements may be
following overlapping paths under this definition and yet the third
implement be laterally spaced with respect to the first. It should
be particularly noted, that the word "implement" covers
either a group of like earth working elements or a single earth
working element. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 144, | for the combination of a plow with a separate colter
and jointer. |
| 175+, | for two rolling and nonrolling implements following
the same path. |
| 195+, | for two diverse implements following the same path. |
|
| | |
| 146 | Four or more: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Apparatus in which at least four diverse implements follow
the same or overlapping paths. |
| | |
| 147 | Alternately diverse (A, B, A, B): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Apparatus in which the implements are alternately alike,
but successively unlike.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 148, | for three implements following the same or overlapping
paths, the first and third implements being alike and the intermediate
implement being of a different type. |
| 152+, | for at least four laterally spaced implements which
are alternately alike, but successively unlike. |
|
| | |
| 149 | Including rolling tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Apparatus in which one of the diverse implements includes
an earth working element which is given a rotating motion by the
resistance of the earth as it is drawn thereover.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 143, | for diverse tools one of which is a tool which has
an intermittent rolling motion imparted thereto. |
| 146+, | for four or more diverse implements following the
same path and including a rolling implement. |
| 148, | for longitudinally spaced like implements with an
intermediate diverse implement including a rolling implement. |
| 175+, | for two rolling and nonrolling implements following
the same path. |
| 184+, | for two diverse rolling implements following the
same path. |
| 518+, | for rolling implements, per se. |
|
| | |
| 150 | Smooth levelling roller: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 149. Apparatus in which the rolling earth working element comprises
a smooth surface compaction roller of uniform diameter and free
from protuberances or depressions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 170+, | for other diverse tools one of which is a smooth
leveling roller. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 404, | Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,
subclasses 122+ , for compacting rollers, per se. |
|
| | |
| 151 | Diverse rolling: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 149. Apparatus including two implements having rolling earth
working elements of unlike types.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 150, | and 172, for diverse rolling tools one of which
is a smooth leveling roller. |
| 154, | for four or more laterally spaced rolling tools
which are alternately alike, but successively unlike. |
| 158, | for laterally spaced like rolling tools with an
intermediate diverse rolling tool. |
| 184+, | for other diverse rolling tools. |
|
| | |
| 152 | At least four alternately diverse laterally spaced tools
(A, B, A, B): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus comprising four or more earth working elements
spaced laterally of the direction of travel, the elements being
alternately alike, but successively unlike.
| | (1)
Note. The alternate earth working elements may consist of
a group of like tools. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 155+, | for laterally spaced like tools with an intermediate
diverse tool. |
|
| | |
| 153 | Alternate rolling and non-rolling: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus in which one set of alternate earth working elements
is of the rolling type while the other set of alternate earth working
elements is of the nonrolling type thus providing a laterally spaced
group of earth working elements which are successively of the rolling
and nonrolling type.
| | (1)
Note. This definition includes a single rolling tool having
a plurality of laterally spaced sets of tines, teeth or the like
with nonrolling tools operating in paths between the sets of teeth. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 65, | for a plurality of laterally spaced interdigitating
driven and nondriven tools. |
| 156, | and 157, for laterally spaced like tools and an
intermediate diverse tool of the rolling and nonrolling type. |
|
| | |
| 154 | All rolling: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus in which the diverse earth working elements are
all of the rolling type.
| | (1)
Note. This definition includes two rolling tools having laterally
spaced sets of teeth, tines, or the like with the sets of one tool
operating in paths between the sets of the other tool. |
| | (2)
Note. This definition includes apparatus having relatively
rotatable earth working elements of different shape or contour even
if the members axially abut or one element carries the other. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 65, | for a plurality of laterally spaced interdigitating
driven and nondriven tools. |
| 158, | for laterally spaced like rolling tools with an
intermediate diverse rolling tool. |
|
| | |
| 155 | Laterally spaced like tools with intermediate diverse tool
(A, B, A): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus comprising a pair of like earth working elements
spaced laterally of the direction of travel and a diverse earth
working element which operates along a path intermediate the paths
of the like elements.
| | (1)
Note. Laterally spaced right and left hand tools are considered
to be like earth working elements under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 152+, | for four laterally spaced tools which are alternately
alike, but successively unlike. |
| 193+, | for a tool with a rearwardly spaced sweep or earth
working blade, etc., which is attached to the tool standard or mounted
on a member attached to the tool or its standard. |
|
| | |
| 156 | Spaced rolling with intermediate nonrolling: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Apparatus in which the spaced like earth working elements
are of the rolling or rotating type and the intermediate earth working
element is of the nonrolling type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 153, | for four laterally spaced tools which are successively
of the rolling and nonrolling type and are alternately alike. |
|
| | |
| 157 | Spaced non-rolling with intermediate rolling: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Apparatus in which the spaced like earth working elements
are of the nonrolling type and the intermediate earth working element
is of the rolling or rotating type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 153, | for four laterally spaced tools which are successively
of the rolling and nonrolling type and are alternately alike. |
|
| | |
| 158 | All rolling: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Apparatus in which the laterally spaced like earth working
elements and the intermediate diverse earth working element are
all of the rolling or rotating type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 154, | for four laterally spaced tools which are successively
unlike and alternately alike, all of the tools being of the rolling
type. |
|
| | |
| 159 | Spaced right and left hand tools with intermediate symmetrical
tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Apparatus in which the laterally spaced earth working elements
are nonidentical or positioned in a nonidentical way so as to function in
a right and left handed manner and so located and constructed as
to be mirror images of each other, and the intermediate earth working
element comprises an element of symmetrical shape.
| | (1)
Note. For the definition of a symmetrical tool see subclass
721. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 193+, | for a tool with a rearwardly spaced sweep or earth
working blade, etc., which is attached to the tool standard or mounted
on a member attached to the tool or its standard. |
| 642, | for relatively movable right and left hand tools
for throwing soil to or from a crop row. |
| 686, | for right and left hand tools. |
| 721+, | for symmetrical tools. |
|
| | |
| 160 | Including spike tooth: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Apparatus in which one of the earth working elements comprises
a straight tooth of uniform or decreasing diameter in a downward
direction. |
| | |
| 161 | Including implement alternating for right or left hand
operation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which one of the earth working elements comprises
earth working means (other than a scraper) adapted to be adjusted
so as to shift the earth in alternate lateral directions with respect
to the direction of draft at different times.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 204+, | for tools alternating for right or left hand operation. |
|
| | |
| 162 | Reversal of implement adjusts diverse tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Apparatus in which adjustment of the earth working means
for alternate operation is accompanied by an adjustment of the diverse earth
working element.
| | (1)
Note. The adjustment of the diverse tool may comprise merely
the operation of a latch or lock which holds the tool in adjusted
position or may comprise the adjustment of the diverse tool in response
to operation of a latch or lock to permit adjustment of the alternating implement. |
| | (2)
Note. This definition does not include apparatus in which
the alternating implement and diverse tool are rigidly connected
and adjusted as a unit. Nor does this definition include apparatus
in which the diverse tool is freely mounted and may assume a different
position upon reversal of the alternating implement due to altered
ground resistance, gravity, etc. |
| | (3)
Note. The diverse tool is usually a jointer or colter. | |
| | |
| 163 | Jointer and plow: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus comprising the combination of an earth working
element having a moldboard for raising and inverting a furrow slice
and a second earth working element operating in advance of the first
and operative to raise and turn a smaller furrow slice and deposit
it in the far side of a previously formed furrow so as to be covered
by the furrow slice of the moldboard-type earth working element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 144, | for the combination of a plow, colter, and jointer. |
| 382, | for a plurality of like earth working elements (e.g.,
plows) which operate at different depths in the soil. |
|
| | |
| 164 | Rolling jointer: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 163. Apparatus comprising a jointer and plow the jointer being
of the rolling or rotating type. |
| | |
| 165 | Including colter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus comprising a colter for cutting a vertical slit
in the ground in advance of at least a portion of an earth working
element and an earth working element following the colter and having
a vertically extending portion operating in the slit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 19+, | for sod cutters having means for cutting a strip
of earth vertically and horizontally. |
| 139, | for a plow and colter mounted so as to be vertically
movable along different paths or about different axes and lifting
means connected to the tools such that vertical movement of one
is accompanied by vertical movement of the other. |
| 144, | for the combination of a colter, jointer, and plow. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 140 for a coulter claimed in combination with a planting
machine. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 3 for unearthing devices with stabilizing colter
or fin. |
|
| | |
| 167 | Fixed point or share with rotary moldboard: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus comprising a nonrolling earth working element
adapted to cut a slice of earth and an adjacent rotary earth working
element, usually in the form of a disk, for receiving said slice
and inverting it.
| | (1)
Note. A moldboard merely having friction reducing rollers
or being in the form of a belt to reduce friction is not included under
this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 33, | for implements having power driven moldboards. |
| 717, | for implements having a moldboard in the form of
a belt. |
| 718, | for implements having a moldboard with friction
reducing rollers. |
|
| | |
| 168 | Rotating tool with fixed moldboard: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus comprising a rolling or rotating earth working
element for cutting or raising a furrow slice and a nonrolling adjacent
member for receiving the furrow slice and inverting or completing
the inversion of the same.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 166, | for a rolling colter which acts to cut a vertical
slit in the earth and a tool which operates in the slit. |
| 558+, | for disk-type tools with scrapers which merely act
to scrape the disks to clean same. |
|
| | |
| 169 | Including tool rotatable about vertical axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which one of the earth working elements is
of the rolling or rotating type and rotates about an axis which
is substantially vertical.
| | (1)
Note. The axis may deviate from the vertical by as much as
45°. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 522+, | for tools which rotate about a substantially vertical
axis. |
|
| | |
| 170 | Including smooth levelling roller: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which one of the earth working elements comprises
a smooth surface compaction roller of uniform diameter and free
of projections or depressions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 150, | for three or more diverse implements following the
same path one of which is a smooth leveling roller. |
| 176, | for a nonrolling tool for forming a furrow or ridge
and a following rolling tool which conforms to the shape of the
furrow or ridge. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 404, | Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,
subclasses 122+ , for compacting rollers, per se. |
|
| | |
| 171 | Spaced from moldboard side of plow: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus including an earth working element having a moldboard
to turn a furrow slice in one direction, the roller being spaced
laterally from the turning or moldboard side of the moldboard-type
earth working element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 202+, | for a plow and tool laterally spaced from the moldboard
side of the plow. |
|
| | |
| 172 | With diverse rolling tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus in which the second earth working element is also
of the rolling or rotating type and other than a smooth leveling
roller.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 184+, | for diverse rolling implements not including a
smooth leveling roller. |
|
| | |
| 173 | With teeth: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus in which the roller has combined therewith a plurality
of nonrolling earth working teeth.
| | (1)
Note. For the definition of "tooth" see subclass
713. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 160, | for laterally spaced like tools with an intermediate
diverse tool and including spike teeth. |
| 197, | and 198, for diverse nonrolling tools following
the same path and including teeth. |
|
| | |
| 174 | Rolling and non-rolling: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which one of the earth working elements is
given a rotating motion by the resistance of the earth as it is
drawn thereover and another earth working element is of a nonrolling
type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 143, | for diverse tools including an intermittently rolling
tool. |
| 149+, | for three or more diverse implements following the
same path, at least one of which is of the rolling type. |
| 153, | for at least four laterally spaced diverse tools
alternate tools being of the rolling type. |
| 156, | and 157, for laterally spaced like tools with an
intermediate diverse tool of the rolling and nonrolling type. |
| 164, | for a rolling jointer and plow. |
| 166, | for a rolling colter combined with a diverse tool. |
| 169, | for diverse tools one of which is rotatable about
a vertical axis. |
| 170, | for diverse tools including a smooth leveling roller. |
|
| | |
| 175 | Following same path: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Apparatus in which the rolling and nonrolling earth working
elements are included in implements which travel in the same or
overlapping paths and are longitudinally spaced from one another.
| | (1)
Note. If an implement follows in or overlaps the path of travel
of a diverse implement the implements are considered to be traveling
in the same path. It should be particularly noted that the work "implement" covers
either a group of like earth working elements or a single earth
working element. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 71, | for a driven tool and nondriven tool traveling in
the same path. |
| 149+, | for three or more diverse implements following the
same path at least one of which is the rolling type. |
| 195+, | for diverse implements of the nonrolling type following
the same path. |
|
| | |
| 176 | Furrowing or ridging implement followed by furrow or ridge
roller: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 175. Apparatus in which the non-rolling implement opens a furrow
in or forms a ridge on the ground and the rolling implement operates
in the furrow or on the ridge and conforms to the shape thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 143, | for diverse tools wherein one of the tools is of
the intermittent rolling or rotating type. |
|
| | |
| 177 | Rolling tool has circumferentially spaced blades, tines
or the like: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 175. Apparatus in which the rolling earth working element of
the rolling implement has teeth, tines, blades, projections or other
configurations so the circumferential portion of the element located
in a plane generally at right angles to the axis of rotation engages
the earth intermittently or with a varying effect as the element
turns.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 540+, | for rolling earth working elements, per se, with
circumferentially spaced blades, tines, or the like. |
|
| | |
| 178 | Including disk gang: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 175. Apparatus in which the rolling implement comprises a group
of earth working elements of generally circular platelike members
each having the same axis of rotation.
| | (1)
Note. The disks may be planar or concavo-convex. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 518+, | for disk gangs, per se. |
|
| | |
| 179 | Non-rolling tool group with laterally co-extensive rolling
tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 175. Apparatus comprising a group of earth working elements of
the nonrolling type spaced from one another transversely of the
direction of travel and a rolling earth working element or elements
having the same lateral extent as, and traveling the same path traversed
by, the nonrolling earth working element group.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 173, | for a smooth leveling roller combined with a plurality
of earth working teeth. |
| 177, | for a plurality of laterally spaced nonrolling tools
following the same path as a rolling tool having circumferentially
spaced blades, tines, or the like. |
| 178, | for a plurality of laterally spaced nonrolling tools
following the same path as a plurality of disks rotatable about
a common axis. |
|
| | |
| 181 | Concave furrowing disk with trailing tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Apparatus in which the earth working element of the rolling
implement comprises a generally circular platelike member concave
in a generally forward direction to form a furrow and the nonrolling
implement includes an earth working element of the nonrolling type
operating in said furrow.
| | (1)
Note. The nonrolling tool may act to square off or undercut,
etc., the furrow formed by the rolling tool. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 164, | for a rolling or rotating jointer followed by a
moldboard-type tool. |
|
| | |
| 182 | Laterally spaced: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Apparatus in which the rolling and nonrolling earth working
elements are spaced laterally of the direction of travel and operate
along different paths.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 153, | for at least four laterally spaced rolling and nonrolling
tools which are alternately alike and successively unlike. |
| 156, | and 157, for laterally spaced like tools and an
intermediate diverse tool, the tools being of the rolling and nonrolling
type. |
| 201+, | for laterally spaced diverse tools of the nonrolling
type. |
|
| | |
| 183 | With scissors or shearing action between adjacent faces: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Apparatus in which the rolling and nonrolling earth working
elements have juxtaposed sides which contact or nearly contact during
operation to perform a cutting or shearing operation.
| | (1)
Note. The cutting or shearing action is usually for stalks
or vines. | |
| | |
| 184 | Diverse rolling: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which each of the earth working elements is
given a rotating motion by the resistance of the earth as it is
drawn thereover.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 51+, | for diverse rotary driven tools. |
| 151, | for three or more diverse implements traveling in
the same or overlapping paths and including diverse rolling tools. |
| 154, | for four or more laterally spaced tools which are
alternately alike, but successively unlike and being all of the rolling
type. |
| 158, | for laterally spaced like rolling tools with an
intermediate diverse rolling tool. |
| 172, | for diverse rolling tools one of which is a smooth
compaction roller. |
| 518+, | for rolling or rotating tools, per se. |
|
| | |
| 185 | Spaced on same axis of rotation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus in which the diverse earth working elements have
their working portions axially spaced from one another and are mounted
to rotate about the same axis.
| | (1)
Note. A rolling tool having circumferentially spaced unlike
tines, blades, or the like which lie in substantially a single plane
is not considered to be diverse tools. However, unlike earth working portions
spaced on the same axis of rotation and having an intervening space with
no earth working or earth contacting portion comes within this definition. |
| | (2)
Note. This definition includes apparatus having relatively
rotatable earth working elements of different shape or contour even
if the elements axially abut or one element carries the other. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 154, | for four or more laterally spaced diverse tools
which are alternately alike, but successively unlike and rotatable
about a common axis. |
|
| | |
| 186 | Plane and dished disks: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus in which the earth working elements comprise circular
platelike members at least one of which has all the parts thereof
in a single plane and another of which is of concavo-convex shape. |
| | |
| 187 | Differing in size: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus in which the earth working elements are of substantially
similar shape, but differ in size.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 185, | for similarly shaped different size rolling earth
working elements which rotate about the same axis. |
|
| | |
| 188 | Runner attached: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus comprising a longitudinal runner adapted to support
at least a portion of the weight of the apparatus and a plurality
of diverse earth working elements attached to the runner at points
rearwardly of the forward end thereof.
| | (1)
Note. An earth working element having a rearwardly extending
runner or landside with earth working members attached thereto is
considered to be a single tool having plural earth working portions
and is excluded from this definition. See subclasses 681+. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 387+, | for apparatus having a wheel substitute such as
a runner and see the Notes thereto for other related art. |
| 681+, | see (1) Note above. |
|
| | |
| 189 | Including fabric or flexible tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which one of the earth working elements comprises
a flexible fabric, chain, cable, strand, rope, or wire.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 612, | for fabric or flexible tools, per se, and see the
Note thereto. |
|
| | |
| 190 | Including vertical, longitudinally oriented disc or blade
(e.g., as stabilizer): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus wherein an upright, generally planar disc or blade
is disposed in the direction of travel.
| | (1)
Note. The blade or disc often works the earth only to provide
lateral stability to the implement as it moves in its intended direction
of travel. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 144, | and 165+, for a colter which cuts a vertical
slit in the earth and a tool which follows the colter and operates in
the slit cut thereby. |
| 752, | for a unitary earthworking element having a separable
vertical planar lognitudinal cutter including apparatus in which
the cutter is mounted on a runner or landside which forms a direct rearward
continuation of the shovel, moldboard, or the like. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 3 for unearthing devices with stabilizing colter
or fin. |
|
| | |
| 191 | Plural: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Apparatus comprising a plurality of separate planar longitudinal
blades. |
| | |
| 192 | Including horizontal knife or cutter: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which one of the earth working elements comprises
a substantially flat blade disposed in a horizontal plane in the
working position and adapted to cut through the soil at or below
the surface thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 720, | for subsurface blades, per se, which operate in
substantially a horizontal position. |
|
| | |
| 193 | First tool with spaced trailing sweep: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus comprising an earth working element (e.g., shovel
or moldboard) for moving soil transverse to the line of travel and
mounted upon a standard and an earth working blade or sweep following
the earth working element and operating upon the moved soil and
mounted on the standard behind the earth working element or on a
rearwardly extending member connected to the earth working element
or standard.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 722, | for symmetrical tools having separately attached
wings or moldboards. |
| 728, | for symmetrical tools having an attached rearwardly
extending runner on depth gauge and additional blades attached directly
to the runner. |
|
| | |
| 194 | Sweep adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Apparatus in which the working position of the sweep can
be selectively adjusted with respect to the earth working element. |
| | |
| 195 | Second implement follows path of first: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which the diverse implements travel in the
same or overlapping paths and are longitudinally spaced in the direction
of travel, the implements having diverse earth working elements.
| | (1)
Note. If an implement follows in or overlaps the path of travel
of a diverse implement the implements are considered to be traveling
in the same path. It should be particlarly noted that the word implement
covers either a group of like earth working elements or a single
earth working element. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 71+, | for a driven tool and a nondriven tool traveling
in the same path. |
| 144, | for a colter, jointer and plow. |
| 145+, | for three or more diverse implements following the
same or overlapping paths. |
| 163+, | for a colter and jointer, or a jointer and plow,
or a colter and diverse tool. |
| 175+, | for rolling and nonrolling implements following
the same path. |
|
| | |
| 196 | Including subsoiler: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Apparatus in which the earth working element of one of the
implements comprises a subsoiler which acts on the soil at a greater
depth than the earth working element of the other implement.
| | (1)
Note. For the definition of subsoiler see subclass 699. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 699+, | for subsoilers, per se. |
|
| | |
| 197 | Teeth and scraper, leveller or drag: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Apparatus in which the diverse earth working elements comprise
a plurality of earth working teeth, and a substantially vertical
blade disposed generally transversely of the direction of travel
or a horizontal bar or plate having a continuous ground engaging
edge or horizontal surface which acts to scrape or level the surface of
the soil.
| | (1)
Note. A vertical blade which is disposed at an angle to the
direction of movement of the apparatus of substantially other than
90° so as to provide substantial lateral soil movement
is excluded from this definition unless such blade is a scraper for
producing a level surface. |
| | (2)
Note. See the definition of subclass 713 of this class for
the definition of teeth. However, ripper or scarifier teeth are included
under this definition even if they do not meet the definition of
subclass 713. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 189, | for diverse tools one of which is a fabric or flexible
tool. |
| 199+, | for other diverse tools following the same path
and including a drag, scraper, or leveling blade. |
| 785, | for a scraper between front and rear vehicle ground
supports combined with teeth preceding the scraper. |
|
| | |
| 198 | Including teeth: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Apparatus in which earth working elements of one of the
implements comprise a plurality of teeth.
| | (1)
Note. See the definition of subclass 713 of this class for
the definition of teeth. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 160, | for laterally spaced like tools with an intermediate
diverse tool and including a spike tooth. |
| 173, | for the combination of a smooth leveling roller
and teeth. |
| 197, | for teeth combined with a drag, scraper, or leveling
blade. |
| 713, | for teeth, per se. |
|
| | |
| 199 | Including drag, scraper or levelling blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Apparatus in which the earth working element of one of the
implements comprises a substantially vertical blade disposed transversely
of the direction of travel or a horizontal bar or plate having a
continuous ground engaging edge or horizontal surface which acts
to scrape or level the surface of the soil.
| | (1)
Note. A vertical blade which is disposed at an angle to the
direction of movement of the apparatus of substantially other than
90° so as to provide substantial lateral soil movement
is excluded from this definition unless such blade is a scraper for
producing a level surface. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 189, | for diverse tools one of which is a fabric or flexible
tool. |
| 197, | for teeth combined with a drag, scraper, or leveling
blade. |
| 784+, | for a scraper between front and rear vehicle ground
supports combined with a diverse tool. |
|
| | |
| 200 | Proceeded by implement of different type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Apparatus in which the drag, scraper, or leveling blade
follows behind an implement having an earth working element of a
different type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 72, | for a driven tool followed by a leveling drag or
furrow shaper. |
| 197, | for teeth combined with a drag, scraper, or leveling
blade. |
| 785, | for a scraper between front and rear vehicle ground
supports combined with a tool of a different type ahead and spaced
from the scraper. |
|
| | |
| 201 | Laterally spaced: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in which the diverse earth working elements are
spaced laterally of the direction of travel and operate along different
paths.
| | (1)
Note. Two implements which travel in overlapping paths are
considered to be following the same path and are thus not classified
under this definition. Thus, where one implement comprises a plurality
of like laterally spaced earth working elements only some of which
follow in the path of the diverse implement classification under
this definition does not result. See subclasses 195+. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 152+, | for four laterally spaced tools which are alternately
alike, but successively unlike. |
| 155+, | for laterally spaced like tools and an intermediate
diverse tool. |
| 182, | for laterally spaced rolling and nonrolling tools. |
|
| | |
| 202 | Spaced from moldboard side of plow: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Apparatus in which one of the earth working elements is
a plow having a moldboard for turning a furrow slice in one direction
and a land side and the diverse earth working element disposed to
travel in a path spaced outwardly from the moldboard side.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 171, | for a smooth roller spaced from the moldboard side
of a plow. |
|
| | |
| 204 | ALTERNATING FOR RIGHT OR LEFT HAND OPERATION (OTHER THAN SCRAPER): |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising earth working means adapted to be adjusted
so as to shift the earth in alternate lateral directions, with respect to
the line of draft at different times.
| | (1)
Note. Devices in which an earth working element is adjustable
about a vertical axis for right or left hand operation, there being
no actuating means for such adjustment or the actuating means comprising
no more than a handle directly connected to the earth working element, are
not included. See subclasses 577, 600, 603, and 735. |
| | (2)
Note. Devices in which an earth working element is swung laterally
(e.g., a cultivator shovel moved toward or away from a plant row)
are not included if the purpose of the device is merely to provide
for lateral adjustment and any moving of the earth to the right
or left is merely incidental and not claimed. |
| | (3)
Note. A disk, scraper, or drag which is adjustable about a
vertical axis to throw soil in opposite directions is not included.
See subclasses 600 and 603 for such disks and subclasses 781+ and other
appropriate subclasses for such scrapers or drags. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 34, | for an apparatus which may include right and left
hand tools in which the complete apparatus is adapted for use in
an upside down position. |
| 126+, | for earth marking means mounted on an earth working
device, said marking means being alternately engageable with the
ground. |
| 161+, | for apparatus comprising diverse tools, at least
one of which is alternated for right or left hand operation. |
| 662, | for an apparatus comprising plural relatively movable
tools, at least one of which may be moved to nonuse position. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 2 for alternately usable unearthing units. |
|
| | |
| 205 | Draft revoluble on transverse axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Apparatus in which the earth working means comprises separate
earth working elements which are rotatable about a horizontal axis traverse
to the direction of draft in order to alternately place the earth
working elements in operation, the rotation being effected as a
result of torque developed due to resistance of the ground to the
forward motion of the earth working elements or some other ground
contacting part of the earth working element carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclasses 436 , 440, and 441 for scoops adapted to be rotated due
to forward movement. |
|
| | |
| 206 | Interrelated tool shift and lateral movement of draft member: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Apparatus in which the apparatus has a draft beam or tongue
which may be adjusted laterally with respect to the earth working
means and in which adjustment of the earth working means for alternate
operation is accompanied by lateral adjustment of the draft member.
| | (1)
Note. Lateral adjustment of the draft member or adjustment
of the earth working means for alternate operation may be accompanied
merely by the operation of a latch to permit earth working means adjustment
or draft member lateral adjustment, respectively. | |
| | |
| 207 | Draft member reversed: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Apparatus in which the draft tongue or beam is swung through
an angle of substantially 180° with respect to the frame
on which the earth working means is mounted so as to draw the apparatus
alternately in opposite directions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 214, | for oppositely directed tools having a reversible
draft tongue, the reversal of the draft tongue not causing any adjustment
of the tools. |
|
| | |
| 208 | Draft member latch control: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Apparatus in which the adjustment of the earth working means
is accompanied by the operation of means which lock the draft member against
lateral displacement. |
| | |
| 209 | Interrelated tool lift and shift: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Apparatus having earth working means other than parallel
separate tools and means to raise the earth working means from the
ground and in which the adjustment of the earth working means for
alternate operation results from the operation of the raising means
or the lowering of the earth working means to the ground after being
raised.
| | (1)
Note. The "parallel separate tools" of the definition
are defined in subclass 228. For interrelated lifting and shifting
of such tools see subclasses 228+. |
| | (2)
Note. The adjustment of the earth working means may be no
more than unlocking or unlatching of the same to permit reversal. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 128, | for an apparatus comprising an earth working device
and earth marking means, the earth marking means being adjusted
upon lifting the implement. |
| 162, | for diverse tools including an implement alternating
for right or left hand operation where reversal of the implement
adjusts a diverse tool. |
| 228+, | for parallel separate tools which may be raised
or lowered to place them in alternate operation. |
|
| | |
| 210 | Mast type hitch: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Apparatus in which the means for raising the earth working
means is a mast-type hitch.
| | (1)
Note. See this class, subclass 439 for the definition of mast-type
hitch. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 445, | for tools carried by a mast-type hitch including
an auxiliary means which is operated by the vertical movement of the
hitch. |
|
| | |
| 211 | Lift by ground support manipulation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Apparatus in which the means for raising the earth working
means comprises a wheel or wheel substitute which is depressed with respect
to the frame on which the earth working means is mounted.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 398, | for implements including an actuator adjusted ground
support and means interconnecting the actuating means and the earth
working tool. |
|
| | |
| 212 | Interrelated tool shift and ground support manipulation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Apparatus having a wheel or wheel substitute which automatically
assumes a new supporting position with respect to its former supporting position,
and also with respect to the earth working means, in response to
adjustment of the earth working means to alternate positions. |
| | |
| 214 | Wheeled frame with reversible draft member: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Apparatus in which the earth working elements are carried
by a wheeled frame having a draft member shiftable from one end
of the frame to the opposite end through substantially 180° to draw
the device in either direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 207, | for tools adapted for alternate use having a reversible
draft member, the reversal of the draft member adjusting the tools
for alternate use. |
|
| | |
| 215 | Tilting beam: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Apparatus in which the oppositely oriented earth working
elements are rigidly mounted at spaced points upon a longitudinally
extending beam or frame which may be tilted about a horizontal transverse
axis to alternately place the earth working elements in operative
position. |
| | |
| 216 | Pivoted about spaced transverse axes, or translated: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Apparatus in which the earth working elements may be placed
into and out of operative position by (1) movement about separate
axes which are transverse to and spaced in the direction of travel
or (2) movement in vertical planes in which the earth working elements maintain
substantially the same angular position with respect to the ground. |
| | |
| 217 | With movable deflector: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Apparatus having shiftable earth deflector means (e.g.,
moldboard) alternately cooperating with the earth working elements
as the frame is moved in opposite directions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 218, | for tools having a single earth breaking portion
with an earth deflector means which is adjustable to move soil toward
either side of the device. |
|
| | |
| 218 | Shiftable moldboard: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Apparatus comprising an earth working means having one portion
which operates in and acts to break the soil in the same position
for both directions of earth movement and an earth deflector or
deflectors connected therewith and adjustable to different positions
to move the soil toward either side of the device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 217, | for tools having oppositely directed earth breaking
points with a movable deflector for moving the soil in alternate
directions on movement of the tool in opposite directions. |
|
| | |
| 219 | Tool shifted for opposite throw: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Apparatus in which the same earth working element is utilized
to move the soil in alternate lateral directions.
| | (1)
Note. An earth working means having opposite ends or sides,
one being used to move the soil in one direction and the other side
or end being used to move soil in the other direction, is considered
to be plural tools and is excluded from this and indented subclasses,
except when the ends or sides are connected by a common moldboard
or soil deflector portion which is utilized to deflect soil in both
phases of operation. | |
| | |
| 220 | Reversible disk with reversible cleaner: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Apparatus in which the earth working element is of the rolling-disk
type having cleaning means to remove soil therefrom, the cleaning means
being movable relative to the disk upon reversal of the disk so
as to perform the cleaning operation for either direction of earth movement.
| | (1)
Note. A scraper which merely moves as a unit with a reversible
disk is not considered to be a reversible cleaning means for this
subclass. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 558+, | for cleaning means for disks. |
|
| | |
| 221 | Plural tools shifted about individual vertical axes: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Apparatus including a plurality of earth working elements,
each operative to move soil in opposite directions, the earth working
elements being adjustable about spaced vertical axes to reverse
the direction of soil movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 569, | for a plurality of disks which are pivoted on vertical
axes with interconnected means for moving them identically without
shifting them for opposite throw. |
| 647, | for plural relatively movable tools which are simultaneously
adjusted about their individual vertical axes without being shifted
for opposite throw. |
|
| | |
| 222 | With translational movement of axes: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Apparatus wherein, in addition to the movement of the earth
working elements about their vertical axes, at least one of the
axes is also moved horizontally at the same time. |
| | |
| 223 | Moldboard type shiftable about longitudinal axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Apparatus in which the earth working element is of the type
having a point, share and moldboard and in which the earth working
element is adjustable about an axis extending substantially in the
direction of travel to reverse the direction of soil movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 224+, | for alternately usable separate tools which are
adjusted about a longitudinal axis. |
|
| | |
| 224 | Axially rotatable implement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Apparatus in which the earth working means comprises earth
working elements which are alternately placed into operative position
by rotation about an axis which is horizontal and longitudinal (i.e.,
in the direction of travel).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 34, | for earth working apparatus in which the complete
apparatus is adapted for use upside down. |
| 232, | for tools alternated for right or left hand operation
by rotation about an axis lying in a vertical longitudinal plane
and at an angle to the horizontal. |
|
| | |
| 225 | With actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 224. Apparatus in which an actuator is provided to rotate the
earth working elements with respect to a frame or support.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. | |
| | |
| 226 | Gearing: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Apparatus in which the actuator comprises gearing.
| | (1)
Note. For the definition of gearing, see Class 74, Machine
Element or Mechanism, subclass 640. | |
| | |
| 227 | Chain or cable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 226. Apparatus in which the gearing comprises a flexible member
(e.g., chain or cable) cooperating with a sprocket or drum, rotation
of the sprocket or drum effecting rotation of the earth working
elements. |
| | |
| 228 | Parallel separate tools: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Apparatus employing separate earth working elements oriented
for movement in the same direction which are alternately placed
into operation by movement in substantially longitudinal vertical,
parallel planes.
| | (1)
Note. The tools may deviate slightly from the vertical planes
during alternation so as, for example, to clear one another. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 472, | for plural tools simultaneously raised by an actuator
for transport on a wheeled frame and which are individually lowered. |
| 481, | for tools raised by an actuator for transport on
a wheeled frame and held in one position by a latch means separate
from the actuating means. |
|
| | |
| 229 | Interconnected for simultaneous raising and lowering: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Apparatus having means connecting the earth working elements
such that movement of one element in one direction (i.e., raising
or lowering) is accompanied by movement of the other element in
the opposite direction.
| | (1)
Note. The connecting means may be temporarily disabled to
allow both tools to be raised or lowered. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 130+, | for apparatus comprising an earth working device
and plural earth marking means, the plural earth marking means being
interconnected so that adjustment of one causes movement of another. |
|
| | |
| 230 | Independently operable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Apparatus having separate operating means for each earth
working element such that each element is movable to operative and
inoperative positions independently of the other element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 304, | for plural tools carried forward of the rear of
a motor vehicle which are independently actuatable. |
| 468+, | for plural tools having independently operable actuator
means to lift the tools for transport on a wheeled frame. |
|
| | |
| 231 | Power derived from ground wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Apparatus in which each of the operating means is actuated
by power derived from a separate wheel engaging the ground and turned
as an incident to the travel of the machine over the ground.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 399, | for vertically adjustable ground supports with a
power take-off from plural wheels. |
| 408+, | for vertically adjustable ground wheels in which
the wheel actuates its own crank axle mount. |
| 492+, | for tools lifted for transport on a wheeled frame
by means of an actuator operated by a power take-off, the power
take-off usually being from a ground wheel. |
|
| | |
| 232 | Oblique axis in longitudinal vertical plane: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Apparatus in which the earth working means is alternately
placed into operative position by movement about an axis which lies
in a vertical plane extending in the direction of travel and is at
an angle to the horizontal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 224+, | for tools alternated for right and left hand operation
by rotation about a horizontal, longitudinal axis. |
|
| | |
| 233 | WITH OBSTRUCTION FEELER FOR MOVING OR RELEASING IMPLEMENT TO
AVOID OBSTRUCTION (INCLUDES DAM FORMER): |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus adapted to be moved over the surface of the earth
comprising a feeler means adapted to sense the presence of an obstruction in
or on the ground (e.g., a rock, tree, or mound of earth) and to
cause or permit movement of the apparatus or a part thereof to avoid
the obstruction.
| | (1)
Note. The feeler means must constitute an element specifically
provided for that purpose and not be a mere part of the tool supporting
structure. A mere pivoted tool which may move because of direct
contact of the tool or its supporting means with an obstruction
is not included under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 5+, | for apparatus in which an obstruction sensing means
is operative to control a power means to adjust the apparatus or
some part thereof to avoid the obstruction. |
| 38, | for an implement including a driven tool and obstruction
feeling means for moving or releasing the implement. |
| 236, | for apparatus comprising a ground engageable lever
means (including a segment of a wheel) which is engageable merely
with the ground rather than an obstruction and which causes a manipulation
due to its resistance to forward motion. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 293, | Vehicle Fenders,
subclasses 102+ for protective structure attached to vehicles comprising
barrier structures for fending off blows from other vehicles or
objects. |
|
| | |
| 235 | Latch releasing: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Apparatus in which the feeler means operates a lock or latch
to release the implement part so as to be free to move to another
position to avoid the obstruction. |
| | |
| 236 | GROUND ENGAGEABLE DRAFT RESPONSIVE LEVER: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working element adapted to
be propelled over the earth and a lever adapted to be lowered into
engagement with the earth so as to resist motion of the apparatus
whereby when the lever is engaged with the earth and the apparatus
moved thereover relative motion between the lever and apparatus
occurs due to the resistance of the lever, which results in some
manipulation of the apparatus or a part thereof.
| | (1)
Note. A ground wheel adapted to supply a force for manipulation
of the apparatus due to its rolling over the ground is not included.
See subclasses 407+, particularly subclass 409 for such
devices. However, a lever arrangement including an arc, which may
be a portion of a wheel, for rolling contact with the ground to
manipulate the device is included, if said lever does not pass through
a complete cycle of 360° by contact with the ground to
again be in position to repeat the cycle. The lever is not considered
to pass through a cycle of 360° by contact with the ground
when the initial movement of the lever through a portion of the
cycle is effected by earth contact movement of an earth working tool
connected therewith, and such devices would be included under this definition.
See subclass 90 for an earth working element driven by an irregular ground-engaging
wheel or support. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 90, | for ground-engaging levers or irregularly shaped
wheels used to give a regular or intermittent cyclical motion to
an implement as it is drawn over the ground without any manipulation from
the operator, i.e., a device in which a latch is released by the
operator and the ground-engageable lever or irregular wheel moves
through a cycle of at least 360° would be classified in
subclass 90, while other latch-release type devices which must be manually
advanced through part of their cycle of operation or which must be
manually reset and which are not free to complete a cycle of 360° once having
been unlatched are included under this definition (236). |
| 205, | for implements alternating for right or left hand
operation and draft revoluble about a transverse axis by means of
a ground-engageable draft responsive lever. |
| 233+, | for apparatus comprising a feeler means which senses
some special obstruction and which causes manipulation of a part
due to a movement or tendency to movement of the apparatus past
the obstruction, resistance to movement being not necessarily present. |
| 238, | for apparatus including a ground wheel or wheel
substitute which is moved relative to the frame by the draft force. |
| 239, | for apparatus including ground wheels and linkages
for providing a constant depth of operation. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 254, | Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or
Pulling Force,
subclasses 418+ for attached vehicle jacks, including jacks comprising
a leg which engages the ground and lifts the vehicle by moving the
vehicle with respect to the ground. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 43 for devices for rendering an apparatus transportable
by movement of the apparatus with respect to a leg lowered to engage
the ground. |
| 414, | Material or Article Handling,
subclass 438 for a ground-engaging lever for manipulating a
part of a load handler or transporter. |
|
| | |
| 237 | Roll over type implement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Apparatus having an earth working element mounted to rotate
through 360° about a horizontal transverse axis, the draft
responsive lever being operative to rotate the tool on said axis
over an arc of less than 360° being caused by a force other
than from the lever, usually from earth resistance to the earth
working element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 205, | for earth working tools alternating for right or
left hand operation and draft revoluble about a transverse axis
by means of a lever engaging the ground. |
| 528+, | for rolling or rotating tools having means to stop
or retard the rotation thereof. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclass 441 for a scoop with a dumping runner. |
| 56, | Harvesters, 379+ for roll-over type rakes. |
|
| | |
| 238 | GROUND SUPPORT MOVED VERTICALLY RELATIVE TO FRAME BY DRAFT
MEANS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a framework, a ground wheel or wheel
substitute carried thereby, an earth working element associated with
the framework, a means for applying a draft force to the framework
and means connecting the ground wheel or wheel substitute to the
draft-force applying means whereby the ground wheel or wheel substitute
may be moved vertically with respect to the framework by the draft-force
applying means due to a force resulting from resistance of the apparatus to
being moved over the earth by the draft force applying means.
| | (1)
Note. Apparatus in which the vertical movement of the ground
wheel is only the result of the draft force causing a ground wheel
to rotate so that power from the rotating ground wheel causes the
vertical movement is not included under this definition. See subclasses 407+,
especially subclasses 408+ for apparatus in which a wheel
is vertically adjusted by power from a wheel. |
| | (2)
Note. Apparatus comprising a ground wheel or wheel substitute
which moves relatively to the framework due to irregularities in
the surface of the ground and is connected to a draft means so as
to move it correspondingly is not included. See subclass 239 for
such apparatus. |
| | (3)
Note. Apparatus in which the draft- force applying means causes
the ground wheel or wheel substitute to move only when a turn is
being made is not included. See subclass 255 for such apparatus. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 236, | for apparatus including a ground-engageable draft
responsive lever. |
| 239, | for apparatus comprising a ground level responsive
depth control of the type comprising a wheel and a linkage associated
with an articulated hitch to a propelling vehicle. |
| 255, | for apparatus in which a turning movement causes
an earth working element to be lifted off or lowered into the ground. |
| 407+, | especially subclasses 408+ for apparatus
in which a wheel is vertically adjusted relative to its running
gear by power derived from the rolling motion of a wheel. |
| 467, | for an apparatus comprising an actuator adapted
to lift a tool for transport on a wheeled frame or broadly claimed
implement and also comprising a shiftable hitch for causing vertical
movement of the tool. |
| 588, | for apparatus comprising a hitch shiftable on a
tongue for angling gangs of disks. |
| 605, | for an apparatus comprising a shiftable hitch for
moving a tool relative to the frame. |
|
| | |
| 239 | DRAFT, PITCH OR GROUND LEVEL RESPONSIVE DEPTH CONTROL: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working element and a propelling
device therefor, such as a tractor, the connection between the earth working
element and its propelling device being such that (1) the earth
working element tends to sink lower into the earth from a median
working position when the draft force necessary to propel the element
decreases and tends to raise out of the earth when the draft force
increases or (2) the earth working element tends to move up and
down from a median position relative to its propelling device as
its propelling device pitches down and up, respectively, over uneven
ground so as to maintain an approximately constant depth in the
ground, (3) the earth working element tends to rise from a median
position when the downward component or suck of the soil pressure increases
and tends to sink from a median position when the downward component
or suck of the soil pressure decreases or (4) the earth working
element tends to move up from a median position as it approaches
or is in a rise of ground and tends to move down from a median position
as it approaches or is in a depression in the ground.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass is intended to provide for linkages or
the like which are automatic in action but wholly mechanical so
as not to fit the definition of the "Automatic" subclasses.
An earth working element which is simply spring-pressed downwardly
or which is merely pivoted at a forward point may be analyzable
as coming under this definition, but such devices are not so classified. The
devices under the definition comprise linkages or equivalent mechanism of
greater complexity especially intended to function as stated in
the definition. For example, a trailing implement connected to a
tractor by a simple hitch including a spring so that the earth working
tool is raised or lowered as the spring is stressed due to changes
in draft load is classified in subclass 238 or subclass 678. |
| | (2)
Note. Apparatus classified under this definition is sometimes
known as constant draft or constant depth apparatus. |
| | (3)
Note. Apparatus including gauge wheels connected by linkages
to the propelling means to perform the functions set out in the
definition are included. |
| | (4)
Note. Merely holding an earth working element down against
a tendency to rise out of the ground is not included. Such devices
are classified according to the structure claimed. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 2+, | for automatically operated power control devices
especially subclasses 7+ for automatically operated power
control devices responsive to changes in draft load. |
| 238, | for ground wheels moved vertically with respect
to the running gear by means of the draft force (usually for lifting
the earth working element for transport). |
| 261+, | for earth working elements which shift on occurrence
of an overload. |
| 678, | for spring-biased hitches. |
| 779, | for a scraper whose position is automatically controlled
by a linkage for leveling. |
| 811+, | for a scraper positioned in front of a motor vehicle
and maintained in a horizontal position as the ground supports of
the vehicle move over irregular terrain so that the vehicle tilts sidewise. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 446.1+ for articulated vehicles with a hitch responsive
to change in draft load, there being no disclosure of an earth working
element being the cause of the change in draft load. |
|
| | |
| 240 | WITH GROUND SUPPORT ENGAGEABLE WITH GROUND FOR TRANSPORT
ONLY: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a ground wheel or wheel substitute
such as a runner so arranged in the apparatus or so attachable to
the apparatus that when the wheel or wheel substitute engages the
ground the apparatus may not effectively perform its intended earth
working operation but may merely be readily moved.
| | (1)
Note. A wheel or wheel substitute may be stated to be for
transport only but if as disclosed it may actually engage the ground
in supporting or gauging relation without precluding the operation
of the earth working tool it is not classified under this definition.
Such devices may be found in subclasses 395+. If the means
attaching the wheel or wheel substitute to the implement can only
be used to support the implement for transport and in any other
position the wheel serves no purpose (e.g., gauging or supporting)
classification under this definition results. |
| | (2)
Note. The wheel or wheel substitute may constitute a part
of the earth working element itself, which functions as a wheel or
runner or an earth working element in accordance with different
positions in the apparatus. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 228 for transporting attachments for harvesters. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles, appropriate subclasses, especially
subclasses 43+ and 47.131+ for wheel attachments for vehicles. |
|
| | |
| 241 | Apparatus inverted to engage ground support with ground: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus, in which the wheel or wheel substitute is so
positioned with relation to the earth working element that the entire
apparatus must be turned upside down to bring the wheel or wheel
substitute into ground-engaging position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 34, | for apparatus which is adapted for use upside down
to provide an earth working function in either position. |
|
| | |
| 242 | Implement tiltable on longitudinal axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus in which an earth working element is pivoted about
an axis extending longitudinally of the apparatus to shift it from
an earth working position and enable engagement of the wheel or
wheel substitute with the ground.
| | (1)
Note. The wheel or runner may constitute a part of the earth
working element itself, which functions as a wheel or runner or
an earth working element in accordance with different positions
in the apparatus. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 224+, | for an apparatus comprising axially rotatable alternately
useable tools for right and left hand operation having wheels which
alternately contact the ground. |
|
| | |
| 243 | Tool changeable to or replaced by ground support: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus in which a wheel or wheel substitute replaces
an earth working element or is attached directly to an earth working
element or in which an earth working element is manipulated to act
as a wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 535, | for a detachable rim for a disk, the rim being used
for an earth working function, e.g., a packing roller rather than as
a ground wheel. |
| 540+, | for a rolling or rotating earth working element
having spaced teeth, tines, or blades which may be made by placing such
teeth on a wheel. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclasses 38.1+ for wheels useable with ordinary wheels for emergency purposes. |
|
| | |
| 244 | Tool and ground support moved together relative to frame: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus in which there is a framework supporting an earth
working element and the ground wheel or wheel substitute and the ground
wheel or wheel substitute is so connected to the earth working element
that movement of one relative to the frame is accompanied by movement
of the other relative to the frame.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 397+, | for apparatus having a vertically adjustable ground
support which is movable together with a tool relative to a supporting
frame. |
|
| | |
| 245 | CONVERTIBLE; OR CHANGEABLE BY DISASSEMBLY OR ASSEMBLY: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus, (A) adapted to be rearranged to perform different
functions, or (B) adapted to be altered so as to operate in a different
way or change its function in some way by (1) the steps of disassembling
the apparatus in some major portion and then reassembling the apparatus
with the same or different portion, (2) the step of disassembling
some major portion from the apparatus, or (3) the step of assembling some
major portion to the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. Conversion features are common in this art. A mere preamble
in a claim to the effect that a device is convertible or is a conversion
attachment is generally not enough for classification under this definition.
The conversion feature should be spelled out as by (a) specifically
claiming one embodiment of an apparatus having a first function
and claiming with that embodiment a feature useable only for a second
conversion function, or (b) repeated functional statements in the
claim, or (c) a preamble which is so long and detailed that it may be
considered part of the body of the claim. Where no other suitable
classification exists a broad mention of conversion may be enough
for classification under this definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The change in the apparatus must be more than merely
placing a part in one of a series of adjacent holes or in general
making a change which amounts to only an adjustment or minor alteration in
the overall functioning of the device. |
| | (3)
Note. The change must be more than to change a part between
an operative and an inoperative position. |
| | (4)
Note. When the conversion consists of the assembly of a part
the claim must recite some element of the combination which has
little or no utility when the part is in the combination but is
useful when the part is absent from the combination. |
| | (5)
Note. Various specific types of apparatus which fit this definition
have been considered to be better classified in subclasses below
this subclass and not indented under it as indicated in the Search
Notes. The general rule is that if a subclass below furnishes a
specific home for subject matter apparently covered by this definition
the patent is properly classified in the subclass below. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 14, | for a lawn edger convertible to a nonearth working
implement. |
| 34, | for a complete apparatus adapted for use upside
down. |
| 136, | for diverse tools, not of the hand-held type, carried
at the same time in an apparatus but useable alternately only, by
merely changing the position of the tools with respect to the earth. |
| 243, | for an earth working element which is changeable
to or replaced by a ground support for transporting the apparatus. |
| 310, | for plural wheeled implements. |
| 341, | for hand guided wheeled straddle row type cultivators
with an added intermediate tool. |
| 355, | for attendant guided or propelled wheeled implements
with alternately useable tools rocked about a wheel axis. |
| 375, | for alternately useable hand-held earth working
elements, carried at the same time in the apparatus and alternately useable
by a mere change of position while remaining in the apparatus. |
| 439+, | for a device converting an automatic power control
means to a nonautomatic position controlled mast-type hitch. |
| 443, | for an implement with a mast-type hitch adapted
to be bolted to a tractor as a unit thereby inherently acting to convert
a tractor adapted to use with a simple hitch to one having a mast-type
hitch. |
| 452+, | for an automatic power control device converted
to a nonautomatic lift device, especially subclass 465 for a device
converting an automatic power control means to a servomotor with
a follow-up control (e.g., a position controlled device). |
| 535, | for detachable rims for disks, which rims may be
rollers. |
| 536, | for a wheel or roller and an axially adjacent earth
working element on the same axis. |
| 539, | for a wheel or roller with a ridge or rim attached
to convert it to an earth working device. |
| 540+, | for a wheel or roller with blades mounted on the
circumference to convert it to an earth working device. |
| 541, | for a roller with tines, blades, or the like which
may be projected from or withdrawn beneath the surface of the roller. |
| 568, | for a disk gang with a removable section. |
| 577, | for a reversible group of rolling earth working
elements. |
| 581, | for groups of disk gangs changeable to different
arrangements. |
| 603, | for a disk changeable to positions having a different
angular relationship to adjacent structure when viewed in plan. |
| 625, | for plural tool groups which are relatively movable
as a result of operation and connected to a forward draft bar and
have alternate draft means. |
| 702+, | for an earth working element with a reversible part. |
| 719, | for an earth working element with an added-on cutting
or wearing edge, point, or surface. |
| 735, | for an earth working element adjustable to present
different working portions. |
| 777+, | for a scraper supporting a readily detachable narrow
depending tool. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 294, | Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,
subclasses 51+ for implements having parts or adjustments permitting
conversion of said implement to a fork, shovel, other implement,
or different type of the same implement. |
|
| | |
| 246 | To land vehicle with body: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Apparatus changeable between a condition in which it functions
as a device under the class definition and a condition in which
it functions as a land vehicle having a body portion of general
utility for transporting loads. |
| | |
| 247 | To device classifiable in another class: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Apparatus changeable between a condition in which it functions
as a device under the class definition and a condition in which
it funcitons as a device classifiable in some other class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 14, | for a lawn edger convertible to a nonearth working
implement. |
| 246, | for an earth working implement changeable to a land
vehicle with a body. |
| 375, | for a hand-held implement with alternately useable
diverse tools, one of which may be a tool not classifiable in this
class. |
| 535, | for a detachable rim for a disk, which rim may be
a roller. |
| 536, | for a wheel with a tool mounted on the same axis
for rotation with the wheel. |
| 539, | for a wheel or roller with a ridge or rim attached
to convert it to an earth working device. |
| 540+, | for a wheel or roller with blades mounted on the
circumference to convert it to an earth working device. |
| 541, | for a roller with tines, blades, or the like which
may be projected from or withdrawn beneath the surface of the roller,
thereby converting the device from one classifiable in this class
to one classifiable in Class 404, Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclasses 403+ for a scraper convertible to a scoop, shovel, or
other material pick up means. |
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 400.04+ for hand rakes convertible to earth working devices. |
| 294, | Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,
subclass 51 for hand forks and shovels convertible to earth working
devices. |
|
| | |
| 248 | To different type of hitch: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Apparatus in which an apparatus under the class definition
having one distinct type of draft connection to a propelling means
is convertible or changeable to an apparatus having another distinct
type of draft connection to a propelling means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 439+, | for a device converting an automatic power control
means to a nonautomatic position controlled mast-type hitch. |
| 443, | for an implement with a mast-type hitch adapted
to be bolted to a tractor as a unit, thereby inherently acting to convert
a tractor adapted to use with a simple hitch to one having a mast-type
hitch. |
| 452, | for a device converting an automatic power control
means to a nonautomatic lift device especially subclass 465 for
a device with an automatic control converted to a device having
a servomotor with a follow-up position control. |
| 463, | for an apparatus comprising wheeled frame and an
actuator adapted to lift a tool for transport, the lift actuator
and the tool forming a removable unit. |
| 625, | for an apparatus comprising plural tool groups movably
connected to a forward transverse draft bar and having alternate
draft means spaced ninety degrees apart. |
| 677+, | for earth working implements with some significant
detail of the hitch. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 415.1+ for articulated vehicles with convertible hitches,
and subclass 474 for articulated vehicles with selectively rigid
or flexible hitches. |
|
| | |
| 249 | Plural simultaneously usable tools to single tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Apparatus which is changeable between a condition in which
it has a plurality of spaced earth working elements to a condition
in which the plurality if elements have been joined or juxtaposed
to form a part of a single earth working element. |
| | |
| 250 | Changeable by disassembly or assembly: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Apparatus adapted to be altered so as to operate in a different
way or change its function in some way by (1) the steps of disassembling
the apparatus in some major portion and then reassembling the apparatus
with the same or different portions, (2) the step of disassembling some
major portion from the apparatus, or (3) the step of assembling
some major portion to the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. See the definition of subclass 245 for Notes limiting
and explaining this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 243, | for an earth working element replaceable by a ground
support. |
| 702+, | for an earth working element with a reversible part. |
| 719, | for an earth working element with an added-on cutting
or wearing edge, point, or surface. |
|
| | |
| 251 | Tool changeable to diverse tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Apparatus which is changeable from a device having an earth
working element of one kind to a device in which said earth working
element has been replaced by or changed to an earthworking element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 136, | for diverse tools, not of the hand-held type, carried
at the same time in an apparatus but usable alternately only, by
disassembling and assembling the tools to change their position
with respect to the earth. |
|
| | |
| 252 | Tool plus added part forms diverse tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Apparatus in which the change is brought about by adding
to an earth working element or a major portion of an earth working
element a part to form an earth working element of a different shape
or size than the original earth working element, said part not being
intended for use as an earth working element by itself in the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. Merely attaching an earth working element to a nominally
recited spring tooth or rigid earth working tooth is not included,
the tooth in that case being considered merely a standard. However, if
some earth working configuration of the tooth is claimed the device
is classifiable under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 535, | for detachable rims for disks. |
| 708, | for an earth working element attached to a spring
tooth. |
| 719, | for an earth working element with an added-on cutting
or wearing edge, point, or surface. |
| 777+, | for a scraper supporting a readily detachable narrow
depending tool. |
|
| | |
| 253 | Tool added or substracted: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Apparatus in which the alteration of the apparatus comprises
the addition of an earth working element or the removal of an earth
working element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 341, | for hand guided wheeled straddle row type cultivators
with an added intermediate tool. |
| 568, | for a disk gang with a removable section. |
|
| | |
| 254 | Tool rearranged on support structure: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Apparatus in which the alteration comprises placing an earth
working element in distinctly different positions relative to adjacent
supporting structure so that the element may perform its earth working
function in each of these different positions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 554, | for a disk changeable to positions having a different
angular relationship to adjacent structure when viewed in plan. |
| 577, | for a reversible group of rolling earth working
elements. |
| 581, | for groups of disks changeable to different arrangements. |
| 702+, | for a reversible part. Where the rearrangement of
a tool results merely from reversing a nonrolling tool or part thereof,
a standard, or a reversible part between such a tool and a standard
or the standard and a beam, classification is in subclasses 702+. |
| 735, | for an earth working element adjustable to prevent
a different working portion. |
|
| | |
| 255 | TURN LIFTS TOOL OFF OR LOWERS TOOL INTO GROUND: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means for lifting an earth working
element out of the ground or lowering the element into ground engagement responsive
to a change in the direction of movement of the apparatus over the
ground or responsive to a steering means for changing the direction
of movement of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 278+, | for apparatus with actuating means for horizontally
angling the axis of rotation of a ground wheel, which angling may
be accompanied by a vertical movement of the wheel with respect to
its carrying frame but there being no turning of the implement as
a result of the wheel angling, particularly subclasses 279+ for
an implement part interconnected with a motor vehicle steering means,
subclass 283 for a wheel on a trailing implement responding to turning
movement and interconnected with an adjustable earth working element,
and subclass 287 for a wheel on a nonself-propelled device having
means to angle it horizontally and interconnected with an earth
working element. In subclasses 279+, 283, and 287 the earth working
element does not move off or into the ground responsive to turning movement. |
| 383+, | for apparatus with a ground wheel whose axis of
rotation may be adjusted to different angular positions and in which
horizontal angling may be accompanied by vertical wheel movement
but there being no turning of the implement as a result of the wheel
angling. |
|
| | |
| 256 | PROPULSION UNIT GUIDED BY WALKING ATTENDANT OR PART OF
ARTICULATED VEHICLE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising (1) a self-propelled vehicle having
means such that an attendant walking on the ground may guide the vehicle,
or (2) a vehicle made up of a self-propelled frame section having
a ground wheel and another frame section having a ground wheel connected
to the self-propelled section by a pivot means providing a vertical
axis, the self-propelled section when in use being unstable except
for its connection to the other section.
| | (1)
Note. The disclosure of an unstable tractor (e.g., one or
two wheel) which is guided by a walking attendent will be classified
under this definition even though (1) the guiding means (e.g., handles)
or (2) the motor, is not claimed, provided the claim includes some
recitation of (1) the tractor or tractor frame, or (2) the handles,
respectively. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 42+, | for an implement with a drive means for a tool or
cleaner and guided by a walking attendant. |
| 329+, | for an implement comprising a vehicle other than
a self-propelled vehicle and guided by a walking attendant. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 14.7+ , for a harvester deriving its motive power from
a tractor to which it is hitched, and 16.7+, for a motor-driven
lawn mower guided by a walking attendant. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclasses 19.1+ for a motor driven vehicle guided by a walking
attendant. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 47.11 for a wheeled vehicle in which the wheel is steered
by the attendant. |
|
| | |
| 257 | Riding attendant: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Apparatus in which the apparatus is guided by an attendant
riding thereon.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 433, | for a riding attachment on other than a self-propelled
implement. |
|
| | |
| 258 | Endless track or single driven wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Apparatus comprising an endless track traction means or
a drive for one ground wheel only.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 414.5 for articulated vehicles having an actuator for
vertically moving a wheel of a trailing vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 259 | With vertically adjustable wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Apparatus in which a ground wheel may be vertically adjustable
with respect to its carrying frame.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 260 | With actuator for moving earth working element vertically: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Apparatus having an actuator for causing an earth working
element to move vertically with respect to its supporting frame.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 257, | for apparatus in which there is an unstable propulsion
unit vertically pivotally connected to another section with a riding
attendant and there is also a means for causing an earth working
element to move vertically. |
|
| | |
| 260.5 | HAVING TOOL OVERLOAD SHIFT CONTROLLED BY A FLUID PRESSURE DEVICE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including (a) an earth working element; (b) means
permitting the element to change position with respect to the ground,
or with respect to its supporting or propelling means, when it meets
an obstacle while being drawn over the ground, and (c) a fluid pressure responsive
means (e.g., a hydraulic system) to yieldingly resist the change
in position of the element.
| | (1)
Note. The patents classified herein include overload shift
mechanisms of the type found in this class, either in subclasses
261+ or subclasses 705+, but also with the recitation
of fluid pressure responsive means to control the overload shifting.
This subclass is intended to provide a locus for fluid pressure
responsive tool overload shift mechanisms. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 151 for a trip mechanism claimed in combination with
a planting machine. |
|
| | |
| 261 | OVERLOAD SHIFTING: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working element and means
permitting the element to shift with respect to the earth or with
respect to its supporting or propelling means when it meets an obstacle
while being drawn over the field, said means (1) having a high initial
resistance to said shifting of the element, which resistance decreases
after the element starts to shift, or (2) requiring manual resetting
by an attendant (e.g., a shear pin).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 96, | for driven earth working elements having the teeth
or like earth working part or portions thereof so flexibly or yieldably
mounted on a driven carrier member that said teeth or like parts
or portions will yield on encountering an obstacle. |
| 233+, | for an obstruction feeler for moving an implement
to avoid an obstruction, including devices for forming small dams
in the ground having feelers sensing accumulations of earth. |
| 238, | for a ground support moved vertically relative to
a frame by a draft force. |
| 528+, | for a rolling earth working element with means for
stopping or retarding its motion. |
| 683, | for an earth working element latched in earth working
position, the latch being manually releasable. |
| 705+, | for spring-biased tools in which the spring resistance
remains constant or increases as the tool shifts from normal working
position. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 151 for a trip mechanism claimed in combination with
a planting machine. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 9 for unearthing devices with overload release. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclass 14.5 for vehicle trains with an overload release. The
trailing vehicle in subclass 14.5 may be a broadly named implement
combined with means to control the application of pulling power
on the occurrance of an overload. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 449+ for articulated vehicles with an overload release
connection between them. |
| 464, | Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible
Couplings for Rotary Shafts,
subclasses 30+ for an overload release device in rotary drive
elements. |
|
| | |
| 262 | Alternate tool brought into operation upon shift: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Apparatus in which the earth working element, upon the occurrence
of an overload, shifts to an inoperative position and a second earth
working element is brought into operative position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 528+, | for a rolling earth working element with means to
stop or retard rotation at will. |
|
| | |
| 263 | Actuator released: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Apparatus in which there is an actuator which is separated
from adjacent and associated structure when the earth working element
shifts.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. | |
| | |
| 264 | Against spring return device: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Apparatus wherein resilient means is employed to resist
shifting of the element, the resilient means returning the element
to operative position after passing of the overload.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 705+, | for spring-biased tools in which the spring resistance
remains constant or increases as the tool shifts from normal working
position. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 455 for articulated vehicles having an overload release
of the type having a pivoted jaw or hook with a resilient keeper. |
|
| | |
| 265 | Swinging about fixed pivot axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Apparatus wherein the movable element pivots about a fixed
point on the support.
| | (1)
Note. This definition excludes those devices in which the
movable element pivots about an axis and the axis also moves as
a result of the overload shift. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 452+ for articulated vehicles having an overload release
of the type having a pivoted jaw or hook. |
|
| | |
| 266 | Including toggle linkage: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Apparatus including two links pivoted to one another, one
of the links also being pivoted to the implement and the other of
the links being also pivoted to the support, the links being so positioned
as to offer a high initial resistance to movement of the tool from
working position and a decreased resistance after some movement
has occurred. |
| | |
| 267 | Toggle adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Apparatus in which the angularity between the links when
in a normal or unshifted position is adjustable.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 268 | Toggle links at acute angle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Apparatus in which the axes of the two links are disposed
at an angle to each other of less than 90° when the implement
is in the normal or unshifted position. |
| | |
| 269 | Resilient latch: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Apparatus wherein the element is substantially rigidly held
in place by a resiliently biased latch device until a predetermined
overload occurs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 270, | for an element held in position by mere frictional
resistance with an adjacent element and overcomes the frictional
resistance to move upon the occurrence of an abnormal load. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 455 for articulated vehicles having an overload release
of the type having a pivoted jaw or hook with a resilient keeper. |
| 464, | Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible
Couplings for Rotary Shafts,
subclasses 37+ for an overload release coupling including a resiliently
biased positive drive connection. |
|
| | |
| 270 | Friction lock: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Apparatus wherein a friction clamp is employed to rigidly
hold the element in place until a predetermined overload occurs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 269, | for an element held in position by a resilient latch
which yields upon overload to permit the element to shift. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 464, | Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible
Couplings for Rotary Shafts,
subclasses 30+ for friction drive connections in rotary drive
overload release devices. |
|
| | |
| 271 | Frangible lock (e.g., shear pin, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Apparatus wherein the element is rigidly held in place by
means destructible upon the occurrence of a predetermined overload.
| | (1)
Note. The destructible means is usually a break pin. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 451 for articulated vehicles having an overload release
of the frangible type. |
|
| | |
| 272 | WITH MEANS TO FACILITATE MOUNTING OF IMPLEMENT ON MOTOR
VEHICLE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a self-propelled vehicle and specifically
claimed means to permit and facilitate rapid attachment of an implement
thereto with a minimum amount of labor.
| | (1)
Note. It is recognized that the terms "rapid attachment" and "minimum amount
of labor" are difficult to limit and define. The attachment
should be accomplished without the necessity of tools and/or
with little or no direct manual effort required on the part of an
attendant to position the implement. |
| | (2)
Note. The following is illustrative of subject matter included
under this definition:
| |
(a) Apparatus in which a preliminary or pilot connection
is made which supports or positions the implement or implement part
on the tractor before the principal connection is completed. |
| |
(b) Apparatus in which the connection can be completed by
engaging an implement part with a tractor part without the addition
of a separate connecting member (the connection may be tightened after
engagement). |
| |
(c) Apparatus in which the tractor is driven into interfitting
relation with the implement (e.g., self-coupling) or in which the
connection can be completed without the necessity of the attendant leaving
the tractor. | |
| | (3)
Note. If a self-propelled vehicle is disclosed it need not
be claimed as such for classification under this definition. Any reference
in the claim to a structure disclosed as a self-propelled vehicle
is sufficient. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 477+ for means to facilitate the connection of articulated
vehicles. |
| 296, | Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops,
subclasses 35.1+ for devices for securing a body to a vehicle. |
| 403, | Joints and Connections, appropriate subclasses for joints and connections of
general application. |
| 414, | Material or Article Handling,
subclass 563 for towing apparatus adapted to engage one end
of a vehicle and elevate it into towing position, and subclasses
697+ for material moving devices with a vertically swinging
load support of the tilting shovel or fork type with means to facilitate
mounting them upon a motor vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 273 | Tool forward of rear of motor vehicle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Apparatus in which an earth working element is entirely
located in front of the rearmost point of the frame or wheels of
the self-propelled vehicle when connected thereto in working relationship.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 297+, | for tools mounted forward of the rear of a self-propelled
vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 274 | Implement has ground support: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Apparatus in which the implement is provided with ground-support
means (e.g., wheel or stand) to sustain a portion of the weight thereof,
said ground-support means being separate from the ground-support
of the self-propelled vehicle.
| | (1)
Note. This definition does not include a runner or landside
which forms part of or is closely associated with an earth working
element. |
| | (2)
Note. The ground support may be operative only when the implement
is disconnected from the self-propelled vehicle or may be operative
at all times. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 763.1 for a land vehicle having a retractable ground
support to stabilize the vehicle when not in use, subclasses 423.1+ for semi-trailers
with landing gear, and subclass 475 for articulated vehicles having
a retractable ground support. |
|
| | |
| 275 | Self-coupling by horizontal movement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Apparatus in which the self-propelled vehicle and implement
assume a coupled or connected relationship as a result of relative
movement toward one another in a horizontal plane and require no
manual manipulation at the time of making the connection.
| | (1)
Note. This definition includes apparatus where a manual manipulation
may be required to preset or condition one of the connecting members
for the connecting action prior to relative movement and actual
connection of the parts. |
| | (2)
Note. This definition includes apparatus having a plurality
of connecting points between the self-propelled vehicle and implement
wherein at least one of the points is self-coupling. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 434+ and 508+ for coupling devices between articulated
vehicles which are automatically connected by movement of one of
the vehicles toward the other. |
|
| | |
| 278 | WITH WHEEL STEERING OR ACTUATOR FOR HORIZONTALLY ANGLING WHEEL
AXIS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising (1) an actuating means for moving the
axis of rotation of a ground wheel to different positions of adjustment
in a horizontal angular direction with respect to the running gear,
or (2) means to change the horizontal angular direction of the axis
of rotation of a ground wheel mounted on an implement with respect
to the running gear in response to articulative movement between the
implement and propulsion means for the implement.
| | (1)
Note. The terminology "actuating means" as
used above is meant to include "steering" or an "actuator" as defined
in the class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. There must be some specific description in a claim of
the steering means or a specific relationship to the steering means
for classification under this definiton; merely calling for a steerable
tractor or steerable wheel is not enough. |
| | (3)
Note. The "running gear" is the framework
most intimately connected with the wheels. It does not include a
mere draft tongue. For steering a trailing vehicle by swinging a
draft tongue relative to its wheels see subclasses 324+. |
| | (4)
Note. Means for changing the direction of a freely swiveling
caster by swinging the running gear are not included. There must
be some means for positively causing the wheel to turn with respect
to its running gear. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 23+, | for an implement guided by a stationary object,
including an implement guided by a feeler element running in a previously
made furrow. |
| 256+, | especially 257 for steering devices comprising means
for swinging an unstable propulsion unit with respect to another
unit pivoted thereto on a vertical axis. |
| 383+, | for devices in which the axis of a wheel is angularly
adjustable but there are not actuating means for making the adjustment. |
| 580, | for disk gangs with power means for horizontally
angling them. |
| 591+, | for disk gangs with handle-operated horizontal angling
means. |
| 799, | for a vehicle with a scraper between front and rear
supports and means for horizontally angling a ground wheel. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 104, | Railways,
subclass 244.1 for furrow followers for guiding a vehicle along the
furrow. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclasses 6.2+ for vehicles steered by driving and subclasses
400+ for steering gear. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 6.15+ for a land vehicle of general utility including
means, interposed between the vehicle body, chassis, or frame and running
gear thereof, for altering height or levelness of the vehicle body,
chassis, or frame which may or may not include steering; subclasses 124.11+ for
a land vehicle of general utility including a pivotally mounted axle
or axle assembly providing resilient, shock absorbing support which may
or may not include steering; subclasses 137.5+ for a land
vehicle of general utility including a turnable axle lacking resilient,
shock absorbing support; subclass 419 for a vehicle train including
interconnected steering of the plural articulated vehicles; subclasses
442+ for a vehicle train including steering control of
a following vehicle"s wheel through articulate movement
of the interconnecting draft member; or subclasses 771+ for
a land vehicle of general utility including occupant operated steering,
especially subclass 87.2 wherein a controlled wheel is offset from
the main running gear of the vehicle. With regard to an articulated
vehicle or a vehicle train, see the (3) Note in Class 280 definition
and the (1) Note in Class 280, subclass 400 definition for a further
statement of the class line. |
|
| | |
| 279 | Implement part interconnected with motor vehicle steering
means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Apparatus in which the steering means is for steering a
wheel of a self-propelled vehicle and is connected to an earth working
device by a linkage so that movement of the steering means causes
movement of a part of the earth working device relative to other
parts or a movement of the earth working device with respect to
the vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 255, | for means interconnected with a steering means for
moving an implement vertically responsive to turns. |
| 282, | for an implement having an articulated connection
with a propulsion means, the implement having a ground wheel which
turns on turning movement of the propulsion means due to a connection
with the propulsion means itself rather than a connection with the
steering linkage of the propulsion means. |
|
| | |
| 280 | Implement wheel steered: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 279. Apparatus wherein the element of said device which is moved
comprises a ground wheel or the like.
| | (1)
Note. The mere motion of a caster wheel on the device due
to a movement of said device is not included. There must be some
linkage for positively causing movement of the wheel of the device. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 282, | for a wheel on a device carrying an earth working
element which is moved in response to turning movement of a propulsion
means rather than by a means connected with the steering linkage. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 137.5+ for a land vehicle of general utility including
a turnable axle lacking resilient, shock absorbing support; subclass
419 for a vehicle train having interconnected steering of the plural units;
or subclasses 442+ for a vehicle train including steering
control of a following vehicle"s wheel through articulative
movement of the interconnecting draft member. |
|
| | |
| 281 | Transverse tool bar laterally shiftable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 279. Apparatus wherein the portion of the device which is moved
is an earth working element mounting means extending crosswise of
the line of draft and movable relative to its support in an endwise
direction. |
| | |
| 282 | Wheel on trailing implement responds to turning movement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Apparatus in which the ground wheel whose position is changeable
is on an implement which trails behind and has an articulated connection
with a propulsion means such that the wheel is caused to turn relative
to the implement by turning movement of the propulsion means relative
to the implement.
| | (1)
Note. A freely swiveling caster wheel is not included. There
must be some means for positively causing the wheel to turn when
the propulsion means turns. |
| | (2)
Note. A hitch attached to a swinging axle carrying wheels
so as to swing the axle with respect to the running gear when the
propulsion means turns is included. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 280, | for an implement wheel connected with the steering
linkage of a self-propelled vehicle. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 426 for articulated vehicles wherein the wheels of a
semi-trailer are steered as a result of the articulate motion, and
subclasses 442+ for articulated vehicles wherein the wheels
are steered by articulative movement. |
|
| | |
| 283 | Interconnected with adjustable tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 282. Apparatus wherein the ground wheel and an earth working
element supported by the implement frame are interconnected whereby
when the wheel is caused to turn the earth working element is also
caused to move relative to the frame.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 255, | for an implement in which an earth working element
is moved vertically responsive to turning. |
| 287, | for a steering wheel interconnected with an earth
working element wherein the wheel is mounted on a non-self-propelled
device. |
|
| | |
| 284 | With additional angular adjustment of wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 282. Apparatus in which the horizontal angularity of the axis
of rotation of the ground wheel is selectively adjustable independently
of the change caused by turning movement of the propulsion means.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 285 | Rear wheel turned or controlled: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 282. Apparatus in which a wheel located to the rear of the tool
is angled.
| | (1)
Note. If more than one tool is present, the wheel must be
behind all the tools. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 283, | for actuated wheels on trailing implements interconnected
with an adjustable tool and located to the rear of the tool. |
| 284, | for actuated wheels on trailing implements provided
with additional angular adjusting means. |
| 291, | for a steerable wheel on a nonself-propelled implement
in which the wheel is behind the tool. |
|
| | |
| 286 | Wheel on non-propelled device: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Apparatus in which the said wheel is part of an implement
frame which does not carry its own propelling means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 799, | for a nonself-propelled vehicle with a scraper between
front and rear supports and means for horizontally angling a ground
wheel. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 124.11+ for a land vehicle of general utility including
a pivotally mounted axle or axle assembly providing resilient, shock
absorbing support which may or may not include steering; subclasses
137.5+ for a land vehicle of general utility including
a turnable axle lacking resilient, shock absorbing support; subclass
419 for a vehicle train including interconnected steering of the
plural articulated vehicles; subclasses 442+ for a vehicle
train including steering control of a following vehicle"s
wheel through articulative movement of the interconnecting draft
member; or subclasses 771+ for a land vehicle of general
utility including occupant operated steering. |
|
| | |
| 287 | Wheel interconnected with tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus wherein the wheel and an earth working element
supported by the frame are interconnected whereby when the wheel
is caused to turn the earth working element is also caused to move
relative to the frame.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 212, | for an implement which is adustable to move soil
in opposite directions and having a wheel whose position is changed
in response to the adjustment. |
| 255, | for an implement with an earth working element which
is moved vertically when the implement is turned. |
| 279, | for an implement part interconnected with a self-propelled
vehicle steering means. |
| 283, | for a wheel interconnected with an earth working
element which turns in response to turning movement of the propulsion
means. |
|
| | |
| 289 | Transversely aligned stub shafts: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 288. Apparatus in which there are two wheels each of which is
mounted on its individual axle and wherein the axles are aligned
transversely of the implement and are interconnected for concurrent
movement. |
| | |
| 290 | Swinging axle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus wherein two wheels are supported by one axle mounted
for pivotal swinging movement about a vertical axis. |
| | |
| 291 | Wheel behind tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus in which the wheel is located to the rear of the
tool.
| | (1)
Note. If more than one tool is present the wheel must be behind
all of the tools. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 283, | for actuated wheels on trailing implements interconnected
with an adjustable tool and located to the rear of the tool. |
| 284, | for actuated wheels on trailing implements provided
with additional angular adjusting means. |
| 285, | for actuated wheels on trailing implements which
are located to the rear of the tool. |
|
| | |
| 292 | SPECIFIC PROPELLING MEANS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a motor or motor-actuated means for
traversing an implement over the ground.
| | (1)
Note. Self-propelled or tractor-propelled implements are common
in this art. In order for a patent to be classified under this definition
the propulsion means must be recited in some detail. The mere recitation
of a motor is not enough. However, a broad reference to a wheel substitute
such as a tracklaying means on a tractor is sufficient. Also a recitation
of a relationship with the propulsion means such as the statement
that an implement hitch arm is connected to a differential housing
(as distinct from merely a rear axle housing) is enough. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 114+, | for specific propelling means for driven tools. |
| 256+, | for a propulsion unit guided by a walking attendant
or part of an articulated vehicle. |
| 352, | for manually driven stepper-type propulsion means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 74, | Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses for power transmitting means. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles, appropriate subclasses for self-propelled vehicles. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles, appropriate subclasses for specific propelling means for
land vehicles. |
| 305, | Wheel Substitutes for Land Vehicles, appropriate subclasses for track or stepper means
for vehicles. |
|
| | |
| 293 | SERIES OF LIKE ELEMENTS SEQUENTIALLY OPERATED BY POWER CYCLE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising power driven actuating means and means
whereby a plurality of like elements (such as earth working elements or
wheels) are moved one after another by the actuating means after
only one setting of a control device for the actuating means.
| | (1)
Note. Manually actuated devices are excluded. Power is derived
from a motor such as a servomotor or by a mechanical power take-off
as from a rolling wheel or motor. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 407, | for a ground support which is vertically adjustable
relative to a frame by power-operated means. |
|
| | |
| 295 | Tool forward of rear of motor vehicle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Apparatus in which at least one of the like elements comprises
an earth working element which is mounted on a self-propelled vehicle forwardly
of the rear of said vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 294, | for a plurality of like elements sequentially operated
by servomotors. |
|
| | |
| 296 | Shaft with spirally arranged projections: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Apparatus in which the power-driven actuating means comprises
a rotatable shaft having radially projecting portions arranged at
longitudinally and circumferentially spaced points on said shaft,
and means operatively connected to the like elements of the apparatus
for sequentially moving them, said means being located in the paths
of said radially projecting portions so that the lost motion due
to the circumferential spacing of the portions causes sequential motion
of said parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 407, | for a ground support which is vertically adjustable
relative to a frame by power-operated means. |
|
| | |
| 297 | TOOL FORWARD OF REAR OF MOTOR VEHICLE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working element which is entirely
located in front of the rearmost point of the frame or wheels of
a self-propelled vehicle.
| | (1)
Note. Patents having a sole specific disclosure of an earth
working element forward of the rear of a self-propelled vehicle
are classified under this definition even if the location is not
claimed, provided that some reference to the vehicle is made in
the claims. The reference to the vehicle may be no more than a reference
to a frame disclosed as rigidly attached to the vehicle. |
| | (2)
Note. The rearmost point is determined by the direction of
movement of the vehicle when in use, the earth working element being
ahead of the rear in the direction of movement. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 273, | for an earth working element located forward of
the rear of a self-propelled vehicle and having means to facilitate mounting
of the element thereon. |
| 295, | for a plurality of tools, which are sequentially
operated by a power cycle, at least one of which is located forward
of the rear of a motor vehicle. |
| 780, | and 781+, for a scraper between front and
rear ground supports of a vehicle. |
| 810+, | for an earth working element in front of a self-propelled
vehicle. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 172, | Earth Working,
subclasses 780+ for four-wheeled scrapers in which the scraper
is mounted ahead of the rear wheels. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 496 for articulated vehicles having the point of connection
of the draft means for a trailing vehicle located forward of the axis
of the rear axle of the leading vehicle. |
| 293, | Vehicle Fenders,
subclass 58 for individual wheel guards attached to vehicles
and extending downwardly in front of each front wheel to clear objects
from the path of the wheel. |
|
| | |
| 298 | With ground support: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus in which the earth working element ahead of the
rear of the motor vehicle is part of an implement which has a wheel
or wheel substitute which is separate and distinct from the motor
vehicle ground support means.
| | (1)
Note. If the ground support under this definition comprises
a wheel substitute, it must be a wheel substitute as defined in
subclass 387 of this class. This definition does not include a runner
or landside forming a part of or closely associated with an earth
working element. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 832, | and 834, for an implement mounted ahead of a motor
vehicle and having a ground support. |
|
| | |
| 299 | Power actuator with cut-out or lock-out means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus provided with an actuator for lifting the earth
working element out of ground contact to transport position, said
actuator including a power means comprising a servomotor or a power
take-off and (1) having means operative to permit movement of the
power means output member without moving the earth working element,
the range of movement being such that the earth working element
may remain in working position or transport position while the power
means output member traverses its full range of movement between
transport and working position or (2) having means for preventing
operation of the power means in addition to the normal controls
for the power means.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. Various commonly used means, such as chain connection
between a rock arm and a drag bar, are inherently capable of being
used to allow full movement of the power means without moving the earth
working element, but such devices are not classified under this
definition unless this function is specifically described. | |
| | |
| 300 | With rearwardly mounted tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus including also an earth working element positioned
to the rear of the self-propelled vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 295, | for a plurality of tools which are sequentially
operated by a power cycle, at least one of the tools being located
forward of the rear of a motor vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 301 | Tools actuated by independent power units: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Apparatus provided with actuators for independently lifting
different earth working elements out of ground contact to transport
position said actuators including a plurality of power units comprising
independently operated servomotors or power take-offs.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuators" see the
class definition of "actuator". | |
| | |
| 302 | Front and rear independent: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 301. Apparatus in which there is a power unit for at least one
rearwardly mounted unit and a power unit for at least one forwardly
mounted unit, the power unit for the rearwardly mounted unit being
operable independently of the power unit for any forwardly mounted
unit. |
| | |
| 303 | Power actuator with manual adjusting or supplemental manual
actuating means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus provided with an actuator for lifting the earth
working element out of ground contact to transport position said
actuator including a power means comprising a servomotor or a power
take-off and in addition a lever means manipulable by an attendant
for moving the earth working element or the power means or a part
thereof to effect an adjustment of the earth working element by
human power or for acting as an adjustable stop to alter the range
of movement imparted to the earth working element by the power means.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 485, | for a power means for lifting a tool for transport
on a wheeled frame and having a manual adjusting or actuating means. |
|
| | |
| 304 | Tools independently actuatable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus comprising a plurality of earth working elements
and a plurality of actuators which are independently operable to
independently move different earth working elements out of ground
contact to transport position.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuators" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 230+, | for parallel separate tools alternating for right
and left hand operation having independently operable means for alternating
the operating position of the tools, as by raising and lowering the
latter. |
| 301+, | for tools mounted ahead of the rear and to the rear
of a motor vehicle and having independent power units for raising
the tools. |
| 468, | for a plurality of tools with separate actuators
to independently lift the tools for transport on a wheeled frame. |
| 784+, | for a scraper mounted between front and rear ground
supports of a vehicle and a diverse tool with independently operable
actuators for the scraper and tool. |
| 786+, | for a scraper mounted between front and rear ground
supports of a vehicle and another scraper with independently operable
actuators for the scrapers. |
|
| | |
| 305 | With means for moving tool laterally: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus comprising a power device or attendant-operated
lever such as a handle for moving an earth working element to different positions
laterally of the line of draft so as to work the earth in such different
positions.
| | (1)
Note. Apparatus comprising an actuating means for moving an
earth working element in a vertical plane positioned diagonally
of the line of draft is not included under this definition. See
subclass 309. |
| | (2)
Note. The tool moving means may be an actuator to set and
hold the tool in any of a number of adjusted positions or may be a
handle requiring the continued application of force by an attendant
to hold the tool in the desired lateral position. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 281, | for a tool located forward of the rear of a motor
vehicle and which is laterally shiftable through interconnection with
the vehicle steering means. |
| 781+, | for a scraper mounted between front and rear supports
of a vehicle with an actuator for moving the scraper laterally. |
|
| | |
| 306 | Connected to front axle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus in which the wheel frame has a front and a rear
axle and there are means (other than the wheel frame) connecting
the earth working element to the front axle. |
| | |
| 307 | Parallelogram type lift: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus provided with an actuator for lifting the earth
working element out of ground contact to transport position including
a pair of approximately parallel struts pivoted to the earth working
element and the wheeled frame so as to give the earth working element
an approximately translatory motion as it is moved between transport
and working positions.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 484, | for an actuating means having parallel links for
lifting a tool for transport on a wheeled frame. |
|
| | |
| 308 | With push bar: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus comprising a generally longitudinally extending
bar supporting an earth working element, means at the rearward portion
of said bar connecting it to the self-propelled vehicle, an actuator
for lifting the earth working element out of ground contact to transport position
and means at the forward portion of said bar connecting it to the
actuator.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 479, | for tools lifted for transport on a wheeled frame
by an actuator, the tool being pivoted to the frame on a transverse
pivot axis and the actuating means being connected to the tool forward
of the pivot axis. |
| 788, | for a scraper mounted between front and rear ground
supports of a vehicle and connected to the vehicle by a push bar
which is liftable by an actuator. |
| 810+, | particularly 828+, for a motor vehicle having
a tool mounted ahead of it connected to the vehicle by a push bar which
is liftable by an actuator. |
|
| | |
| 309 | Pivoted on horizontal diagonal axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus in which the earth working element is movable
from earth engaging to transport position and is pivoted on a horizontal
axis extending diagonally of the line of draft in moving between
said positions. |
| | |
| 310 | PLURAL WHEELED IMPLEMENTS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which there are plural earth working devices
and plural ground wheels, the different ground wheels or groups
of ground wheels being intimately associated with different earth
working devices or groups of earth working devices.
| | (1)
Note. Plural earth working devices and plural wheels are not
classified under this definition if the wheels are equally associated
with each ground working device, e.g., a single transverse tool
bar supported on wheels at each end with trailing drag bars supporting
earth working elements is not classified under this definition,
but a plurality of drag bars supporting earth working elements,
each drag bar having its own gauge wheel is classified under this
definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The definition includes devices comprising a tractor
having earth working elements mounted thereon and also propelling
an implement comprising an earth working element and wheel. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 269, | for wheeled vehicle attachments to receive and hold
a rope and that are adapted to be released upon appreciable pull
on the rope. |
| 298, | for plural wheeled implements connected to a motor
vehicle, at least one of the implements being forward of the rear
of the motor vehicle. |
| 392, | for plural runner supported implements which are
relatively movable during operation. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 411.1+ for articulated vehicles wherein a plurality of
trailing vehicles are drawn by a propelling vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 311 | Outrigged implement adjustable inwardly: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 310. Apparatus comprising a vehicle having associated therewith
an earth working implement having a wheel, the earth working implement being
extended laterally from the vehicle and the implement being adjustable
to a position closer to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 312 | Implement draft connection forwardly of rear of self-propelled
vehicle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 310. Apparatus comprising a self-propelled vehicle and a trailing
implement, a draft connection of the implement to the vehicle being
forward of the rear axle of the vehicle.
| | (1)
Note. The implement may be actually readily detachably coupled
to the tractor behind the rear axle, but if the tractor carries
additional structure forming a continuation of the implement beam
or frame which structure extends to a point forward of the rear
axle the device is included in this definition. | |
| | |
| 314 | Implements in echelon (e.g., gang plows, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 310. Apparatus comprising at least three implements aligned in
a direction at an angle other than 90° with respect to
the line of travel, each implement having a wheel.
| | (1)
Note. Each implement may consist of more than one earth working
element. | |
| | |
| 315 | ACTUATOR ON TRAILING IMPLEMENT, CONTROLLED FROM PROPELLING
VEHICLE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working device trailing behind
a propelling vehicle and an actuator completely carried by the device, the
actuator being under the control of an attendant stationed on the
vehicle.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The broad combination defined above is basically very
common in the art. For classification under this definition a claim
should refer to the relationship of the actuator to the vehicle
in some significant detail to indicate that the actuator is controlled
from the vehicle. |
| | (3)
Note. A trailing device under the definition must have at
least a part thereof resting on the ground and after operation of the
actuator a part of the device must still rest on the ground. |
| | (4)
Note. The trailing device comprehends the organization which
is intended to be attached to the vehicle by the user of the device. |
| | (5)
Note. It is difficult at times to determine whether the actuator
should be considered to be completely carried by the earth working
device or partly carried by the vehicle. Generally both the part
of the actuator for effecting movement and the part for holding
something in position must be supported on the device but the actuator
may react against the vehicle. In the case of an actuator of the power
take-off type it is sufficient if the power take-off clutch is mounted
on the device. In the case of an actuator of the hydraulic ram type
both the cylinder and the piston of the ram must be supported on
the device. In the case of an actuator of the lever and ratchet
type both the lever and ratchet must be supported on the device.
In the case of an actuator of the telescoping internally threaded
cylinder and externally threaded rod type both the rod and the cylinder
must be supported on the device. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 463, | for an actuator carried on an implement adapted
to lift the implement for transport on a wheeled frame. |
| 591+, | for horizontally adjustable disk gangs in which
a manually operated lever is actuated by an attendant not described as
being on the tractor and the draft force of the tractor then causes
an angling movement of the gangs. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 407 for articulated vehicles wherein the load of a trailer
on a leading vehicle is adjusted by adjusting the point of application of
draft to the leading vehicle, and subclasses 420+ for articulated
vehicles having service connections. |
|
| | |
| 316 | Servo-motor on implement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 315. Apparatus in which the actuator is a servomotor carried
by the implement.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 491, | for implements liftable for transport on a wheeled
frame by means of a servo-motor. |
|
| | |
| 317 | ACTUATOR ON VEHICLE FOR RELATIVELY MOVING PARTS OF TRAILING IMPLEMENT: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a vehicle, an earth working device
trailing behind the vehicle, and an actuator on the vehicle for
moving parts of the earth working device relative to each other while
at least some part of the device remains on the ground.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. A relative movement of parts incident to lifting the
device off the ground for transport is not included. Also relative
movement which results merely from gravity and a lost motion connection
is not included, as where an implement frame is lifted and a gauge
wheel thereupon drops. |
| | (3)
Note. Merely rocking an earth working element about a wheel
axis is not included. See subclasses 321 and 322+ for such
devices. |
| | (4)
Note. The parts which are usually relatively moved are an
earth working element with respect to the implement frame or a gauge
wheel with respect to the implement frame. | |
| | |
| 318 | Actuator on vehicle moves implement ground support vertically
relative to implement frame: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Apparatus comprising an actuator carried on the vehicle
and connected to an implement so that movement of the actuator causes
some relatively vertical motion to occur between the implement wheel,
or wheel substitute, and the frame of the implement which carries
said wheel.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The actuator must apply some positive force to the wheel
axle. Merely lifting the implement frame and thereby dropping the
wheel due to a lost motion connection is not included. See subclass 321
for such apparatus. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 238, | for apparatus in which a wheel is moved vertically
with respect to its running gear in response to the draft load. |
| 293+, | for devices of this nature in which the wheels are
sequentially operated by a power cycle. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 407 for articulated vehicles wherein the load of a trailer
on a leading vehicle is adjusted by adjusting the point of application of
draft to the leading vehicle, and subclass 414.5 for articulated
vehicles having an actuator for vertically moving a wheel of a trailing
vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 319 | Interconnected means for moving hitch: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Apparatus in which there is a means for moving the hitch
connection of the implement with the vehicle, the hitch moving means
being interconnected in operation with the wheel moving means.
| | (1)
Note. The interconnecting means must be something additional
in the structure such as a linkage. Apparatus in which the hitch
moves merely because relative movement of the wheel moves the implement
beam or frame is not included. Such apparatus is found in subclass
318. | |
| | |
| 320 | Disk gang angling: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Apparatus in which the earth working device comprises a
group of rolling- generally circular platelike elements, each having
the same axis of rotation, the actuator on the vehicle being effective
to adjust said axis in a horizontal plane.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 584+, | and 599, for disk gangs in which the axis of rotation
of the gang may be adjusted. |
|
| | |
| 321 | ACTUATOR ON VEHICLE FOR MOVING WHEELED IMPLEMENT: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a vehicle having associated therewith
an earth working device including a ground wheel, said vehicle carrying an
actuator for moving the earth working device.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 298, | for a wheeled implement mounted ahead of the rear
of a motor vehicle and means on the vehicle for moving the implement. |
| 832, | and 834, for a wheeled implement mounted ahead of
a motor vehicle and means on the vehicle for moving the implement. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 407 for articulated vehicles wherein the load of a trailer
on a leading vehicle is adjusted by adjusting the point of application of
draft to the leading vehicle, and subclasses 490.1+ for
articulated vehicles wherein the draft means may be vertically adjusted
with respect to at least one of the vehicles or the ground. |
|
| | |
| 322 | WITH ACTUATOR FOR ROCKING TOOL ABOUT WHEEL AXIS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a ground wheel having an axis of rotation,
a member extending radially from the axis of rotation and pivotally connected
thereto, an earth working element connected to said member, and
an actuator for pivotally moving said member and earth working element
about the axis of rotation without changing the position of the
earth working element with respect to the member.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition for the meaning of "actuator". |
| | (2)
Note. The movement of an earth working element about the axis
of a ground wheel which may take place when a wheel of a stable
wheeled frame is adjusted vertically with respect to the frame and
another wheel is not included under this definition. See subclasses 395+ for
such devices. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 329+, | for apparatus comprising an earth working element
rockable about a wheel axis by a handle held in position by an attendant. |
|
| | |
| 323 | Unstable wheeled frame moved by actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Apparatus in which an unstable frame carrying the ground
wheel is moved with respect to the ground by the actuator.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. It is sometimes difficult to say whether or not a part
should be considered a frame carrying the ground wheel or merely
a frame carrying an earth working element. The frame carrying the ground
wheel is the running gear of the apparatus. If it is shown as supporting
a seat for the attendant or directly attached to a hitch means such
as a tongue it is considered to be the running gear or "frame" of
the definition. |
| | (3)
Note. The "unstable frame carrying the gound wheel" of
the definition is a frame which relies on a draft connection to
a propelling means such as a tractor or horse or on the contact
of an earth working tool with the ground to keep it in a fixed position,
e.g., a two wheeled frame is unstable while one with more than two wheels
on different axes is stable. A frame is considered to be unstable
if it is "unstable" in any position of adjustment, e.g.,
as when an actuator causes a wheel of a stable frame to leave the
ground to thereby cause the frame to be of the "unstable" type.
See subclasses 395+ for a stable wheeled frame carrying
an earth working element, the stable frame being tilted about the
axis of a wheel by a vertical adjustment of another wheel relative
to the frame. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 109 for an apparatus comprising an unearthing unit
on a vehicular break frame. |
|
| | |
| 324 | WITH ACTUATOR ON TRAILING GROUND SUPPORTED FRAME FOR MOVING
DRAFT MEANS LATERALLY OR VERTICALLY: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a framework having a ground support
(e.g., wheels or wheel substitutes) a draft means for connecting
it to a propulsion means and an actuator on the framework or draft
means for moving the draft means vertically relative to the framework
or laterally of the line of draft.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The draft means may be a tongue, and a movement of the
tongue is considered a movement of the draft means. |
| | (3)
Note. Relative movement of the draft means and the frame caused
merely by a relative movement of the ground support with respect
to the frame (e.g., a tongue truck moved vertically with respect
to the main frame) is not included under this definition. The actuator
must include force-exerting means acting between the frame and draft
means. See subclasses 395+ for a ground support relatively adjustable
vertically with respect to the frame. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 315+, | for apparatus in which a draft means is moved with
respect to a wheeled frame by an actuator on the wheeled frame claimed
in detail as controlled from a propelling vehicle. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 218 for harvesters with adjustable tongues. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 83 for a vertically adjustable tongue truck, subclasses
456.1+ for a laterally adjustable hitch between a tractor
and trailer, particularly, subclasses 467+ for a laterally
adjustable trailer tongue, subclasses 463+ for articulated
vehicles having actuator means provided for selective adjustment
of the draft means on the trailing vehicle, and subclass 490.1 for
a vertically adjustable hitch between a tractor and trailer. |
|
| | |
| 325 | Tool rigidly connected to tongue: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 324. Apparatus in which the draft means comprises a tongue on
the framework, and an earth working element is connected to the
tongue so as to be rigidly related to it and to move with it when it
is moved by the actuator.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The earth working element may be adjustable with respect
to the tongue but must be rigidly related to it in any position
of adjustment. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 56 for forward and rearward sections connected by
a transverse pivot and capable of a buckling action to lift certain
parts of the planter. |
|
| | |
| 326 | Vertically: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 324. Apparatus in which the draft means is moved vertically with
respect to the framework.
| | (1)
Note. In those devices in which the hitch means has a very
minor vertical movement due to its manner of support on the frame
but accomplishes its function due to a horizontal component of motion, classification
is not under this definition. Such devices may be found in subclasses 588
and 605. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 323, | for apparatus comprising unstable wheeled frames
on earth working element and an actuator for rocking the earth working
element about the wheel axis and moving the frame with respect to
the ground whereby the hitch means move vertically with respect
to the frame. |
| 395+, | for apparatus in which a wheel is adjusted vertically
with respect to the frame, whereby the draft means is moved vertically
with respect to the frame, there being no means acting between the
frame and draft means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 109 for an unearthing unit mounted on a vehicular break
frame. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 407 for articulated vehicles wherein the load of a trailer
on a leading vehicle is adjusted by adjusting the point of application of
draft to the leading vehicle, and subclass 414.5 for articulated
vehicles having an actuator for vertically moving a wheel of a trailing
vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 327 | With vertically adjustable ground support |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Apparatus in which a ground support is vertically adjustable
with respect to the framework.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. Devices in which the framework tilts about the wheel
axis are not included in this definition. See subclasses 323 or
326 for such devices. | |
| | |
| 328 | Interconnected means for adjusting draft means and ground
support: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the adjustable ground support and the
adjustable hitch are interconnected so that movement of one influences
movement of the other.
| | (1)
Note. Devices in which the ground support and hitch means
are rigidly mounted on the same support to move together are not
included. The interconnection must be by a linkage or the like. | |
| | |
| 329 | GUIDED BY WALKING ATTENDANT; SUPPORTED, PROPELLED, OR HELD IN
POSITION BY ATTENDANT: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising (1) an earth working element having
a handle for manipulating and supporting it (e.g., a hand hoe) or
(2) an implement having a handle whereby the device is guided or
propelled by a walking attendant (e.g., a walking plow) or (3) an
earth working element supported on a frame and having means such
as handles or foot pedals contacted by the attendant to manipulate
the earth working element, the said element being held in the position
to which it is moved by continued application of force on the manipulating
means by the attendant (e.g., a straddle row cultivator) or (4)
earth working means harnessed to the attendant or worn by him (e.g.,
a glove with earth scratching prongs) or (5) manipulating means
such as a handle or foot pedal for moving any part (e.g., a draft
tongue) and holding it in the position to which moved by continued application
of force by the attendant.
| | (1)
Note. An earth working element which may be raised by an attendant
so as to be scraped by a stationary or relatively movable cleaner
is not included under this definition. See subclass 461 and subclasses
606+ for such devices. |
| | (2)
Note. A seat or attendant"s station is not considered
a handle or manipulating device under this definition. See subclasses
431+ for apparatus with means manipulated by moving a seat
or shifting weight on a seat or other attendant"s station. |
| | (3)
Note. For part (3) of this definition a broadly claimed implement
about which an earth working element is manipulated is considered
a mounting frame. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 37, | for hand driven implements adapted to be rotated
through at least one complete revolution. |
| 41, | for a driven tool supported by an attendant. |
| 42+, | for an implement comprising a driven tool guided
by a walking attendant. |
| 256+, | for a motor propelled implement guided by a walking
attendant. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 16, | Miscellaneous Hardware (e.g., Bushing, Carpet Fastener, Caster, Door Closer, Panel Hanger, Attachable or Adjunct Handle, Hinge, Window Sash Balance, etc.),
subclasses 110.1+ for handles and handle attaching devices for miscellaneous
articles of hardware not otherwise classified. |
| 30, | Cutlery,
subclasses 340+ for knives and cutter comprising blades provided with
manipulating handles and including the means for attaching said
handles to said blades. |
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 16.7+ , for a motor-driven lawn mower steered by a walking
attendant, and subclass 400.01, for a hand rake. |
| 125, | Stone Working,
subclass 43 for miner"s picks. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclass 19.1 for a motor vehicle steered by a walking attendant. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 47.17+ for a wheeled vehicle which the attendant may apply
a propelling force thereto, and subclasses 47.34+ for stable wheeled
vehicles which are handle propelled by an attendant. |
| 294, | Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,
subclasses 49+ for hand forks and shovels. |
|
| | |
| 330 | With seat for moving hitch: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Apparatus having combined therewith a seat or attendant"s
station which is movable with respect to the apparatus and held
in position by the attendant and a draft member or tongue for connecting
the apparatus to a propelling means, the seat and draft member or
tongue being connected so that movement of the seat changes the
position of the draft member or tongue with respect to the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 435, | for attendant manipulated seats which may move an
implement or draft member. |
|
| | |
| 331 | Hitch guided relative to supporting frame: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Apparatus including a draft member or tongue for connecting
the apparatus to a propelling means and attendant manipulated means
for moving the draft member or tongue with respect to the implement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 330, | for a movable attendant seat for manipulating a
draft member combined with attendant-operated means for holding
the implement in position. |
| 435, | for a movable attendant seat for manipulating a
draft member. |
|
| | |
| 332 | Tool manipulated with respect to mounting frame: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Apparatus comprising a ground supported (e.g., wheeled)
frame, an earth working element movably mounted on the frame and
being manipulable and held in the position to which moved by the
continued application of force by the attendant to vary its position
with respect to the frame.
| | (1)
Note. A mere wheeled axle is not considered a frame under
this definition even though the earth working element may be rocked
on the axle. However, a wheeled axle having a draft tongue rigid therewith
is considered to be a frame under this definition. Some patents which
disclose only a wheeled axle have been classified under this definition where
they are obviously fragmentary disclosures of that type implement
which comprises a wheeled frame of greater extent (e.g., with tongue). |
| | (2)
Note. An earth working element about or upon which another
earth working element is manipulated is considered a mounting frame. | |
| | |
| 333 | Arched wheel frame (i.e., straddle row, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Apparatus comprising a wheeled frame having the central
portion thereof elevated above the axis of rotation of the wheels
to clear a crop row and having a pair of attendant manipulated earth
working elements adapted to operate on opposite sides of a crop
row.
| | (1)
Note. For classification under the definition the means by
which the earth working elements are manipulated (e.g., handles)
need not be claimed. | |
| | |
| 334 | Seat counterbalanced beam: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 333. Apparatus including an operator"s seat pivoted to
the frame and also connected to the earth working elements so that
the operator"s weight provides an upward force on the earth
working elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 431+, | for other earth working apparatus having a seat
or attendant"s station including that in which the seat
is movable by the attendant to manipulate the implement. |
|
| | |
| 335 | With spring biasing means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 333. Apparatus including resilient means to bias the earth working
elements with respect to the wheeled frame or with respect to each
other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 705+, | spring-biased earth working elements. |
|
| | |
| 337 | Combined implement lift and wheel adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 333. Apparatus having means to raise the earth working elements
with respect to the wheeled frame and connected means to concurrently change
the position of the wheels with respect to the frame.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 398, | for other earth working elements mounted on a wheeled
frame and actuating means for lifting the element and also vertically
moving a wheel with respect to the frame. |
|
| | |
| 339 | With balancing means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 338. Apparatus provided with a member to contact the ground and
stabilize the apparatus when the earth working elements are placed
in an inoperative position. |
| | |
| 340 | Multiple plant row type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 333. Apparatus provided with a plurality of pairs of earth working
elements adapted to operate on opposite sides of a plurality of
crop rows. |
| | |
| 342 | Cross connected drag bars: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 333. Apparatus in which the earth working elements of the pair
or the bars mounting said elements have a laterally extending member
connecting same in addition to the frame member on which they are
mounted. |
| | |
| 343 | Foot operated: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 333. Apparatus in which the earth working elements are adapted
to be operated by the feet of an attendant seated thereon. |
| | |
| 344 | With support bracket for transport: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 333. Apparatus in which the frame is provided with means to support
the earth working elements in an elevated nonuse position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 662, | for plural relatively movable tools movable to nonuse
position. |
| 674, | for support brackets on wheeled frames for holding
an implement in nonearth working position. |
|
| | |
| 345 | Manipulated about longitudinal axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Apparatus in which an earth working element is movable by
an attendant about an axis which extends in the direction of travel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 459, | for actuating means for lifting an earth working
element for transport on a wheeled frame, the earth working element
being pivotable about a longitudinal axis. |
| 666, | for an actuator for pivoting an earth working element
about a longitudinal axis. |
|
| | |
| 346 | Plural tools independently or oppositely manipulable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Apparatus including a plurality of earth working elements
which may be manipulated individually or are so connected as to
move in opposite directions when manipulated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 333+, | for arch wheel frame implements provided with a
plurality of earth working elements which are independently or oppositely
manipulated. |
| 345, | for plural earth working elements which are manipulated
about a longitudinal axis. |
|
| | |
| 347 | Spring biased: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Apparatus in which there is provided a resilient means which
biases the earth working element during operation. |
| | |
| 348 | Vertically manipulated: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Apparatus in which the earth working element may be manipulated
in a vertical direction by the attendant.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 345, | for earth working elements which are manipulated
about a longitudinal axis. |
|
| | |
| 349 | Rolling tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Apparatus in which the earth working element is of the rolling
or rotating type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 15+, | for handle-propelled rolling lawn edgers. |
| 518+, | for rolling, rotating, or orbitally moving earth
working elements. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 452, | Butchering,
subclass 145 for hand- operated meat tenderizing rolls. |
|
| | |
| 351 | Guided or propelled by walking attendant and with ground
support or draft means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Apparatus comprising (1) an implement having ground support
means (e.g., wheel) separate from the earth working means and a
separate handle for propelling or guiding the implement, or (2)
draft means for propelling the implement and a separate handle for
guiding same.
| | (1)
Note. The ground support must act as a depth gauge or support
a portion of the weight of the implement. |
| | (2)
Note. The draft means under part (2) of this definition may
comprise a member for the application of human power such as a body
harness. Note subclass 353 indented hereunder for an implement having
a harness and separate handle to be propelled and guided by a single attendant. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 256+, | for a hand guided self-propelled implement. |
| 322, | for earth working elements which are attendant manipulated
with respect to a ground-supported frame. |
| 371, | for tools with handles for manipulating and supporting
same (i.e., hand tools). |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 82 for implements propelled by a walking attendant. |
|
| | |
| 352 | With stepper propulsion means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Apparatus in which the apparatus is propelled by means of
a member operated by the attendant which reacts with the ground
to move the apparatus a given distance and the member is then reset
to repeat the operation.
| | (1)
Note. Search Class 180, Motor Vehicles, subclasses 4 and 8
for stepper propulsion means for vehicles. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 305, | Wheel Substitutes for Land Vehicles,
subclasses 1+ for devices comprising ground-engaging feet operating
by a step-by-step movement in the travel of the vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 353 | With body harness or engaging means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Apparatus in which the draft means comprises a means adapted
to engage or be attached to some part of the body other then the
hands.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 370, | for an operator-supported earth working element
having means to attach the earth working element to the operator. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 1.5 for a vehicle with means for engaging the body
(other than the hands) of a walking attendant. |
|
| | |
| 354 | With wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Apparatus in which the ground support means comprises a
wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 17, | for lawn edgers provided with a wheel or roller. |
| 353, | for a tool provided with a handle and a wheel, and
having means adapted to engage or be attached to some part of the
body other than the hands for propelling the implement. |
| 669+, | for a tool supported on a wheeled frame. |
|
| | |
| 355 | Alternately usable tools rocked about wheel axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Apparatus comprising a plurality of interconnected earth
working elements which may only be in ground contact at different
times and being connected to pivot on the axis of rotation of the
wheel to engage the desired earth working element with the ground.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 136, | for diverse tools useable alternately only. |
|
| | |
| 357 | Handle forward of tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Apparatus in which the handle is located forward of the
earth working element, so as to adapt the apparatus to be pulled
by the attendant.
| | (1)
Note. The handle may be adjustable so as to adapt the apparatus
to be pushed or pulled. | |
| | |
| 358 | Tool forward of wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Apparatus in which the earth working element is located
forwardly of the wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 671+, | for an earth working element mounted on a single
longitudinal wheeled frame in which the wheel is located rearwardly
of the forward end of the earth working element. |
|
| | |
| 359 | Tool and handle relatively vertically adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Apparatus in which the earth working element and the handle
are selectively vertically adjustable relative to one another.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 366, | for an earth working element having a handle in
which the handle and earth working element are selectively relatively
adjustable in relation to one another. |
|
| | |
| 360 | With wheel substitute (e.g., runner, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Apparatus in which the ground support means comprises an
element other than a wheel such as, for example, a runner.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 387, | for other earth working apparatus having a wheel
substitute spaced from the earth working elements. |
| 764, | for earth working elements having closely associated
runners and see the Search Notes thereto for related art. |
|
| | |
| 361 | Handle connected to tool or runner: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Apparatus in which the handle is directly attached to that
portion of the earth working element which operates in the soil
or to a runner or landside connected thereto.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass does not include those devices where a
brace extends from the handle to the earth working blade. | |
| | |
| 362 | Tool standard connected to handle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Apparatus in which the earth working element is secured
to a generally upright member or standard and the standard is secured
directly to a portion of the handle. |
| | |
| 363 | Plural handles associated with relatively adjustable tools: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Apparatus having a plurality of relatively adjustable earth
working elements, handles associated therewith, an individual handle
and associated earth working element being concurrently adjustable
relative to another handle and associated earth working element.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 364 | Handle mounted tool adjusting, latching or locking mechanism: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Apparatus in which there is attached to the handle, means
whereby some portion of the earth working element is adjustable
relative to some other portion of the earth working element or to the
apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 366 | Vertically: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Apparatus in which the elevation of the handle with respect
to the earth working element is adjustable.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 359, | for an earth working element having a handle and
wheel in which the handle and earth working element are selectively
vertically adjustable relative to one another. |
|
| | |
| 369 | With brace member: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Apparatus in which there is provided at least one member
connected to the handles and another portion of the implement to
brace the handles. |
| | |
| 371 | Hand tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Apparatus comprising an earth working means having a handle
for manipulating and supporting it (e.g., hand hoe).
| | (1)
Note. Mortar mixing hoes are also included on account of their
similarity of structure. |
| | (2)
Note. Patents are classified under this definition even if
only the earth working portion is claimed and not the handle if the
sole disclosure relates to hand tools or the claim preamble relates
to a hand tool. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 13+, | for hand tools of the lawn-edger type. |
| 349+, | for handle propelled rolling implements. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 7, | Compound Tools, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous compound tools. |
| 16, | Miscellaneous Hardware (e.g., Bushing, Carpet Fastener, Caster, Door Closer, Panel Hanger, Attachable or Adjunct Handle, Hinge, Window Sash Balance, etc.),
subclasses 110.1+ for handles for closures, receptacles, and the
like, and see the Search Notes thereunder for the field of search
for handles adapted for use with other devices. |
| 30, | Cutlery, appropriate subclasses for knives and cutting implements
of general utility. This class (172) takes patents in which the
claims are restricted to or the sole disclosed use is an implement
for working the soil except those devices in which the cutting edge
extends generally in the direction of the handle. In the latter
case classification in Class 30 results. |
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 400.01+ for hand rakes. |
| 125, | Stone Working,
subclass 43 for miner"s picks. |
| 294, | Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,
subclasses 49+ for hand forks and shovels. |
| 366, | Agitating,
subclasses 1+ for tools especially adapted for mixing mortar, asphaltic
and hydraulic cement, concretes, and the like. |
|
| | |
| 372 | Adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Apparatus wherein the relative positions of the handle and
earth working means is selectively adjustable.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 294, | Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,
subclass 53.5 for hand implements wherein the fork or shovel
head is pivotally and adjustably attached to the handle. |
| 403, | Joints and Connections,
subclasses 52+ for articulated connections in general. |
|
| | |
| 373 | Plural tools relatively adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 372. Apparatus wherein the earth working means comprises plural
earth working elements which are adjustable with relation to one
another.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 375 | Alternately usable diverse tools or parts: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Apparatus wherein the earth working means comprises plural
earth working portions of different types or shapes, the portions
being so arranged in the apparatus that when one works the earth
another does not work the earth.
| | (1)
Note. The earth working portions may be different parts of
a unitary earth working element or may be separate earth working
elements. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 136, | for implements other than hand held with earth working
elements usable alternately only. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 7, | Compound Tools, appropriate subclasses for compound tools, especially
subclasses 158+ for cutters combined with other tools. |
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 400.04+ for hand rakes combined with hoe blades or other
earth working elements. |
|
| | |
| 376 | Loop type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Apparatus wherein the earth working means is made from an
elongated thin bandlike or wire material which is secured to the
handle through means extending between the handle and the opposite
ends of the earth working means. |
| | |
| 377 | Channel type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Apparatus wherein the earth working means is in the form
of a U-shaped scoop or channel open at both ends and adapted to
be operated in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the channel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 13+, | for channel-type hand tools for edging along lawns
or sidewalks. |
|
| | |
| 378 | Plural prongs, teeth or serrations: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Apparatus wherein the earth working means comprises a plurality
of prongs, teeth, or serratins arranged to simultaneously contact
the earth.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 400.01+ for hand rakes, particularly subclasses 400.04+ for
rakes combined with earth working elements. A hand rake as distinguished
from an earth working tool, is usually an implement having flexible
teeth or rigid teeth with the width of the rigid tooth carrying portion
width or diameter of the handle; i.e., at least ten times as large. |
| 254, | Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or
Pulling Force,
subclasses 131+ and for forks and shovels with fulcrum means to
aid in the pulling of weeds from the ground. |
| 294, | Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,
subclasses 50.5 and 50.6+ for hand implements having a handle
and a blade or tines extending the general direction of the handle with
grappling means. |
|
| | |
| 379 | Plural rows: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Apparatus wherein the earth working means comprises a plurality
of earth working members arranged in a plurality of rows to simultaneously
engage and work an area of the surface of the earth. |
| | |
| 382 | MULTIPLE LEVEL TOOLS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a plurality of earth working elements
so mounted as to operate at different depths in the ground at the
same time.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass does not include apparatus having a plurality
of laterally spaced tools set at different elevations for the purpose
of operating at the same depth in the soil on a slope, furrow, ridge,
etc. See subclasses 694+ for such tools. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 133+, | for separate tools of unlike types which may operate
at different depths and see particularly subclasses 144 and 163+ for
the combination of a plow and jointer. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 10 for unearthing devices with preliminary removal
of earth. |
|
| | |
| 383 | AXIS OF ROTATION OF WHEEL LOCKABLE OR ANGULARLY ADJUSTABLE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a frame, a ground wheel connected to
the frame and (1) means for adjusting (at least in one direction)
the axis of rotation of said ground wheel angularly with respect
to said frame or (2) means for selectively locking said axis of
rotation in one position or allowing it to move freely into different angular
positions with respect to said frame.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjusting" see "adjustable" in
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 278+, | for implements comprising a wheel with an angularly
adjustable axis of rotation and actuating means for angularly adjusting
the axis. |
| 395+, | for implements comprising ground wheels which are
vertically adjustable, with the axis of rotation maintaining the
same angular position. |
| 507, | for implements comprising ground wheels which are
horizontally adjustable, with the axis of rotation maintaining the
same angular position. |
| 600, | for a disk gang supported for tilting and horizontal
angling adjustment. |
| 603, | for a horizontally angularly adjustable disk. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 16, | Miscellaneous Hardware (e.g., Bushing, Carpet Fastener, Caster, Door Closer, Panel Hanger, Attachable or Adjunct Handle, Hinge, Window Sash Balance, etc.),
subclasses 18+ for caster wheels. |
| 104, | Railways,
subclass 244.1 for furrow followers for guiding a vehicle along the
furrow. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles, appropriate subclasses for vehicles with wheels. |
|
| | |
| 384 | With actuator for tilting in a vertical plane: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 383. Apparatus in which there is an actuator for angling the
axis of rotation of the wheel by moving it in a single transverse,
vertical plane.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 798, | for a scraper mounted between the front and rear
ground supports of a vehicle and an actuator for tilting the axis
of rotation of a wheel in a vertical plane. |
|
| | |
| 385 | Adjustable stop: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 383. Apparatus in which the axis of rotation of the wheel may
freely change its angular position and the amount of such free movement
is adjustable.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 386 | Lockable against free swinging: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 383. Apparatus in which the axis of rotation of the wheel may
freely change its angular position and there are means operable
to hold the axis against movement to prevent free change of the angular
position of the wheel.
| | (1)
Note. Apparatus in which there is a latch designed to hold
the axis of rotation in different positions and which would permit
free angular movement if manually held out of operation are classified
in subclass 383 rather than under this definition. | |
| | |
| 387 | WITH WHEEL SUBSTITUTE (E.G., RUNNER, ETC.): |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a means such as a runner or track member
which is adapted to support the apparatus for movement over the ground
and which has the same general relation to the apparatus as a supporting
ground wheel would have.
| | (1)
Note. Earth working elements mounted on a frame which frame
may incidentally be in ground contact to act as a runner or depth
gauge and is not specifically modified to act as a runner are not
classified under this definition, but are classified below according
to the earth working element or arrangement being claimed. See subclasses
634+, for example. A mere curving of the foward portion
of the frame is not considered to be a modification under this definition. |
| | (2)
Note. Runners which have earth working elements attached to
the runners by means of a nonearth working or contacting support
or bracket so that the tool is spaced laterally or rearwardly of
the runners are included under this definition. This definition
does not include, however, runners which are so closely associated
with an earth working element as to, in effect, form a unitary portion
of the earth working element. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 80, | for an implement comprising a driven tool and a
wheel substitute. |
| 188, | for diverse tools attached to a runner rearward
of the forward end thereof. |
| 360, | for hand guided or propelled implements provided
with runners. |
| 665, | for apparatus comprising an actuator for relatively
movable earth-engaging parts of an earth working element, one of
said parts being a runner. |
| 738, | for an earth working element having relatively adjustable
earth-engaging parts, one being a runner. |
| 764, | for an earth working element and a separate runner. |
| 783, | for a scraper mounted between front and rear ground
supports of a vehicle, the scraper having a runner attached thereto. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 104, | Railways,
subclass 244.1 for furrow followers for guiding a vehicle along the
furrow. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 140 for an unearthing unit provided with a gage runner
or wheel. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 8+ , 841+, and 845+ for runners for
vehicles, including a runner which may have an earth-penetrating
part to prevent lateral sway. |
| 305, | Wheel Substitutes for Land Vehicles, appropriate subclasses for wheel substitutes other
than runners. |
|
| | |
| 388 | With wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 387. Apparatus which includes a wheel which is adapted to support
at least a portion of the weight of the device in at least one position
of the wheel or implement. |
| | |
| 389 | Spring tooth implement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 387. Apparatus in which the wheel substitute is associated with
an earth working element which is of spring form or is carried by
a resilient standard.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 643, | for an implement having a plurality of spring teeth. |
| 707+, | for an earth working tool comprising a spring in
itself or a spring standard. |
|
| | |
| 390 | Parallel pivoted tooth bars: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 389. Apparatus in which a plurality of the earth working elements
are carried by a plurality of parallel transverse bars which are
pivotally mounted and selectively rotatable from one angular position
of adjustment to another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 634+, | for implements with parallel pivotally adjusted
tool bars which may have spring-tooth tools mounted thereon. |
|
| | |
| 391 | Spike tooth implement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 387. Apparatus in which the wheel substitute is associated with
an earth working element in which the earth working portion is no
longer in lateral or longitudinal extent than the standard which
supports it in earth working position. |
| | |
| 393 | Spaced parallel runners with tool mounted therebetween: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 387. Apparatus in which the wheel substitute comprises a pair
of spaced parallel runners, said runners having an earth working
element associated therewith so that said element is positioned
between and supported by both runners.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 138 for sled frames claimed in combination with a planting
machine. |
|
| | |
| 394 | Disk type tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 387. Apparatus in which the earth working element comprises a
circular platelike member which is given a rotating motion by the
resistance of the earth as it is drawn thereover.
| | (1)
Note. The circular platelike member may be plane, convex or
concave in cross-section. | |
| | |
| 395 | WITH GROUND SUPPORT VERTICALLY ADJUSTABLE RELATIVE TO FRAME: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a frame, an earth working element carried
by the frame, means connecting a ground support such as a wheel
to the frame and means for adjusting the ground support vertically
with respect to the frame or moving the ground support vertically
with respect to the frame to some position of adjustment.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The "frame" in this definition is the
running gear or structure most closely associated with the ground
support. The "earth working element" carried by
the "frame" may itself comprise an extensive framework. |
| | (3)
Note. The relative movement between the frame and ground support
must be produced by a force other than gravity applied to a wheel
axle. Merely moving the frame, for example, by lifting the hitch
to swing the frame about the axis of rotation of the wheel is not
included. See subclasses 321 or 323 for such devices. |
| | (4)
Note. In that type of apparatus wherein the construction comprises
a frame, wheels carrying the frame and a front- wheeled draft truck
pivoted to the frame on a vertical axis and vertically adjustable
with respect to the frame, the frame has been considered the running
gear and the wheeled truck has been considered as movable vertically
thereto so that such apparatus is classifiable under this definition. |
| | (5)
Note. A mere spring-mounting means is considered not to be
a means for moving the wheel to an adjusted position. |
| | (6)
Note. The ground support under this definition must be either
a wheel or a wheel substitute as defined in subclass 387 of this
class. The wheel substitute has been included under this definition
so as to permit cross-referencing of such patents into appropriate
subclasses hereunder. |
| | (7)
Note. Patents are classified under this definition even if
the claims refer broadly merely to an implement adjusting means
provided that the sole specific disclosure relates to a wheel-adjusting means. |
| | (8)
Note. A tilting movement of a frame about the axis of a wheel
is not considered a vertical adjustment of the wheel relative to
the frame. See subclass 323 for an unstable frame which may carry an
earth working element and be tilted about a ground wheel axis. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 78, | for a driven tool with an articulated connection
to a vehicle and a vertically adjustable ground support. |
| 211, | for an alternating implement with interrelated lift
and shift, the lift being by wheel manipulation. |
| 236, | for ground-engageable draft responsive levers or
wheel segments which contact the earth to resist motion of the apparatus,
continued motion of the apparatus causing some adjustment thereof,
usually due to a lifting force from the lever or wheel segment. |
| 240+, | for implements comprising ground supports which
contact the ground for transport only. |
| 259, | for a propulsion unit guided by a walking attendant
or part of an articulated vehicle and having a vertically adjustable
wheel. |
| 293+, | for a series of like elements sequentially lifted
by vertical adjustment of wheels by a power cycle. |
| 315+, | for an actuator on a trailing implement for vertically
adjusting a wheel and controlled from a propelling vehicle, the
relationship with the vehicle being significantly claimed. |
| 318+, | for an actuator on a vehicle for vertically moving
a wheel on a trailing implement relative to the implement frame. |
| 321, | for an actuator on a vehicle for lifting a wheeled
implement. |
| 387, | for an implement comprising a wheel substitute. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 16, | Miscellaneous Hardware (e.g., Bushing, Carpet Fastener, Caster, Door Closer, Panel Hanger, Attachable or Adjunct Handle, Hinge, Window Sash Balance, etc.),
subclass 19 for vertically adjustable casters, and subclasses
32+ for caster wheel or leg elevators. |
| 104, | Railways,
subclass 244.1 for furrow followers for guiding a vehicle along the
furrow. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 68 for an auxiliary frame elevated and depressed by means
of a cranked ground-wheel axle. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects, especially
subclass 139 for apparatus comprising an unearthing unit fixed on
a vertically shiftable vehicle frame, and subclass 109 for an unearthing unit
mounted on a vehicular break-frame. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 6.15+ for a land vehicle of general utility including
means, interposed between the vehicle body, chassis, or frame and running
gear thereof, for altering height or levelness of the vehicle body,
chassis, or frame; subclasses 43+ for a land vehicle of
general utility having a wheel that is vertically adjustable with
respect to the running gear for altering a dimension of the vehicle
or a part thereof; or subclass 414.5 for a vehicle train of articulated vehicles
having an actuator for vertically moving a wheel of the trailing vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 396 | Vertically adjustable or selectively lockable hitch: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Apparatus in which the frame carries a draft means for connecting
the frame to a propelling means, said draft means being (1) vertically adjustable
relative to the frame to (2) freely vertically movable relative
to the frame under some conditions of operation and means are provided
to prevent or limit the vertical movement under other conditions
of operation.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 319, | for an actuator on a vehicle for moving an implement
ground support vertically relative to the implement frame interconnected
means for moving a hitch. |
| 327+, | for an actuator on a trailing implement for moving
a draft means vertically and a vertically adjustable ground support. |
|
| | |
| 397 | Tool land ground support moved together relative to frame: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Apparatus in which the adjustment of the ground support
is accompanied by movement of an earth working element relative
to the frame.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 211, | for implements comprising earth working means alternating
for right or left hand operation and a vertically adjustable ground
support for lifting the implement, the ground support and earth
working means being interrelated so that vertical movement of the
ground support is accompanied by the shifting of the earth working means
to its alternate position. |
| 244, | for apparatus having a ground support engaging the
ground for transport only where the ground support and a tool are
moved together relative to a supporting frame. |
| 323, | for devices in which the tool pivots about a wheel
axis which may be moved vertically with respect to a frame. |
|
| | |
| 398 | Linkage to tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 397. Apparatus in which the earth working element is interconnected
by a linkage with the ground support so that movement of one influences movement
of the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 779, | for a scraper whose position is automatically controlled
by a linkage for leveling, the scraper and a wheel being interconnected
to influence movement of each other. |
|
| | |
| 399 | With power take-off from plural wheels: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Apparatus in which power derived from the rolling motion
of a plurality of ground wheels as the apparatus is propelled over
the ground is used to move said wheels or other ground wheels vertically
with respect to the frame.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 293+, | for apparatus having a plurality of wheels or other
elements which are sequentially operated by a power cycle. |
|
| | |
| 400 | Actuator and interconnected means for adjusting wheels
on different axles: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Apparatus in which a plurality of wheels are independently
mounted on different axles and there are additional means interconnecting
the wheels whereby they may be moved simultaneously vertically with
respect to the frame or so that the movement of one vertically with respect
to the frame influences movement of the other, and there is an actuator
for moving a wheel.
| | (1)
Note. Plural wheels mounted at different ends of a crank axle
or other axle whereby the wheels move together without use of any
connecting links or separate power units are considered not to be independently
mounted on different axles. Wheels so mounted do not come under
the definition even if they are adjustable with respect to each
other. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 6.15+ for a land vehicle of general utility including
means, interposed between the vehicle body, chassis, or frame and running
gear thereof, for altering height or levelness of the vehicle body,
chassis, or frame, especially subclasses 6.154+ wherein
the proximate utility is predisposing the load, load carrier, or
receptacle portion to enable travel upon a sustained inclined surface;
or subclasses 43+ for a land vehicle of general utility including
a wheel that is vertically adjustable with respect to the running gear
for altering a dimension of the vehicle or a part thereof, especially subclass
43.13 wherein actuator means interconnect wheels on different axles
so that movement of one results in movement of the other. |
|
| | |
| 402 | With power take-off from self-adjusted wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Apparatus in which power derived from the rolling motion
of one of said interconnected wheels as the apparatus is propelled
over the ground is used to move said wheels vertically with respect
to the frame.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 408+, | for a wheel which is carried by a crank axle mount
which is adjusted by power derived from the wheel. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 211 for harvester frames which are adjusted by power
derived from a traction wheel. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 47 for a vehicle having an extensible wheel that is vertically
adjustable by means of power derived from the wheel as it rolls
over the ground. |
|
| | |
| 403 | With power take-off from wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Apparatus in which power derived from the rolling motion
of a ground wheel as the apparatus is propelled over the ground
is used to move a plurality of said interconnected wheels vertically
with respect to the frame.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 211 for harvester frames which are adjusted by power
derived from a traction wheel. |
| 192, | Clutches and Power-Stop Control,
subclass 62 for clutches adapted for use in raising plows. |
|
| | |
| 404 | Wheel adjusted by own power: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Apparatus in which the wheel supplying the power is itself
moved vertically with respect to the frame by use of said power.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 402, | for a power take-off from a self-adjusted wheel
for adjusting three or more wheels on different interconnected axles. |
| 408+, | for a wheel which is carried by a crank axle mount
which is adjusted by power derived from the wheel. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 47 for a vehicle having an extensible wheel that is vertically
adjustable by means of power derived from the wheel as it rolls
over the ground. |
|
| | |
| 405 | One wheel translates another swings: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Apparatus in which one of said interconnected wheels has
a vertical motion of translation only and another of said interconnected
wheels pivots about a horizontal axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 402, | for apparatus having three or more interconnected
adjustable wheels on different axles which are operated by a power
take-off from one of the adjusted wheels and which includes translating
and swinging wheels. |
| 416, | for vertically adjustable ground supports where
one translates and another swings. |
|
| | |
| 406 | With additional actuator changing relative position of
wheels: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Apparatus in which there is an additional actuating means
which operates to adjust said interconnected wheels so as to change
their relative position vertically with respect to said frame.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 402, | for apparatus having three or more interconnected
adjustable wheels on different axles which are operated by a power
take-off from one of the adjusted wheels and which includes an additional
actuator for changing the relative position of some of the wheels. |
| 470, | for plural tools which are independently actuated
to be lifted on a wheeled frame for transport with a separate actuator
for concurrent lifting or with an interlock means for causing simultaneous
lifting. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 6.15+ for a land vehicle of general utility including
means, interposed between the vehicle body, chassis, or frame and running
gear thereof, for altering height or levelness of the vehicle body,
chassis or frame, especially subclasses 6.154+ wherein
the proximate utility is predisposing the load, load carrier, or
receptacle portion to enable travel upon a sustained inclined surface. |
|
| | |
| 407 | Power operated adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Apparatus in which movement of the ground support to adjusted
position is caused by the use of a power means.
| | (1)
Note. A power means may be a servomotor or a continuously
running source of power (e.g., a rotating ground wheel) with an
interruptible power take-off. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 293+, | for a plurality of like elements sequentially operated
by a power cycle. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 211 for harvester frames which are adjusted by power
derived from a traction wheel. |
| 192, | Clutches and Power-Stop Control,
subclass 62 for clutches adapted for use in lifting plows. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 43.23 for vehicles having power means to vertically adjust
its wheels. |
|
| | |
| 408 | Wheel actuates its crank axle mount: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Apparatus in which there is an axle connected to a crank
arm pivotally connected to the framework, a ground wheel is rotatably mounted
on the axle and there is a means intermittently connectible to the
ground wheel as it continuously rotates so that turning movement of
the wheel causes swinging of the crank arm about its pivotal connection
to the framework to move the wheel vertically with respect to the framework.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 402, | and 404, for an actuator and interconnected means
for adjusting wheels on different axles with a power take-off from
one of the adjusted wheels for operating the actuator. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 47 for a vehicle having an extensible wheel that is vertically
adjustable by means of power derived from the wheel as it rolls
over the ground. |
|
| | |
| 409 | Wheel lockable to crank axle arm: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 408. Apparatus in which the means intermittently connectible
to the wheel locks said wheel against rotation relative to the pivotally mounted
crank arm so that rolling movement of the wheel over the ground
causes movement of the arm with respect to the frame. |
| | |
| 411 | "Constant height" depth adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 410. Apparatus in which the frame may be lowered with respect
to the wheel to varying depths but is always raised to the same
height.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 413, | for constant height depth adjustment for wheels
vertically adjusted with respect to an implement frame by a servomotor. |
| 487, | for an actuator adapted to lift a tool for transport
on a wheeled frame said actuator comprising a power unit with manual
adjusting or supplemental manual actuating means and there being
a constant height depth adjustment. |
|
| | |
| 412 | Swingable arm engageable with wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 408. Apparatus in which the means intermittently connectible
with the wheel is a means pivoted on the frame movable into engagement
with the actuating wheel or into engagement with a means mounted
to turn therewith on the same axis so that rolling movement of the
wheel acts on the means pivoted to the frame to move the wheel relative
to the frame. |
| | |
| 413 | Servo-motor adjusting means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Apparatus in which the ground support is moved to different
positions of adjustment by a motor means which operates just long
enough to effect the desired adjustment.
| | (1)
Note. This definition does not cover a mere power-transmitting
mechanism intermittently connected to a continuously running source
of power. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 294, | for a series of like elements sequentially operated
by servomotors. |
| 316, | for a servomotor on a trailing implement for vertically
moving a wheel, the motor being controlled from a propelling vehicle,
the relationship with the vehicle being significantly claimed. |
|
| | |
| 414 | Flexible or lost motion connection to actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Apparatus in which there is an actuator for causing adjusting
motion of the wheel and the connection between the actuator and
the wheel is such as to allow at least a certain amount of free
movement between the two in at least one direction.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 43.19 for vehicles having vertically adjustable wheels
which are actuated through a flexible means. |
|
| | |
| 415 | Translating motion: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Apparatus in which the ground support has a motion of translation
relative to the frame when moved from one vertical position to another
(i.e., the motion is such that parts maintain approximately the
same angular position relative to a plane parallel to the frame).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 43.22 for vehicles having actuating means to move the
wheels vertically with a translatory motion. |
|
| | |
| 417 | Parallel links: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Apparatus in which the ground support is carried by a pair
of links pivoted to the ground support and the frame structure,
respectively, and which remain substantially parallel throughout
their movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 405, | for interconnected translating and swinging wheels. |
|
| | |
| 418 | With actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Apparatus in which the translating motion is imparted to
the ground support by an actuator.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. | |
| | |
| 419 | Screw jack type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in which the actuator comprises a pair of relatively
movable threaded members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 427, | for screw-jack type actuators for vertically adjustable
ground supports. |
| 504, | for screw-type actuators for lifting tools for transport
on a wheeled frame. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 43.2 for vehicles having supporting wheels which are
moved vertically relative to the vehicle frame by a screw-jack type actuating
means. |
|
| | |
| 420 | Rack and pinion or ratchet type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus in which the actuator comprises a rack member
meshing with a gear or engageable by a ratchet member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 43.21 for vehicles having supporting wheels which are
moved vertically relative to the vehicle frame by a rack and pinion or
ratchet actuating means. |
|
| | |
| 423 | With actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Apparatus in which vertical motion is imparted to the ground
support by an actuator.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 418+, | for actuators for imparting a translating motion
to a ground support. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 43.17+ for vehicles having actuating means to move the
wheels vertically. |
|
| | |
| 424 | Spring assisted: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 423. Apparatus in which a spring device is provided to assist
the actuating means in moving the ground support vertically.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 506, | for spring-assisted actuators for lifting tools
for transport on a wheeled frame. |
|
| | |
| 425 | Gearing: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 423. Apparatus in which the actuator comprises gearing.
| | (1)
Note. For the definition of gearing, see Class 74, Machine
Element or Mechanism, subclass 640. | |
| | |
| 427 | Screw jack type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Apparatus in which the gearing includes a pair of relatively
movable threaded members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 419, | for a screw-jack type actuator for a vertically
adjustable ground support having translating motion. |
| 504, | for a screw-type actuator for lifting a tool for
transport on a wheeled frame. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 43.2 for vehicles having supporting wheels which are
moved vertically relative to the vehicle frame by a screw-jack type actuating
means. |
|
| | |
| 428 | Rack and pinion or ratchet type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Apparatus in which the gearing includes a rack member meshing
with a gear or engageable by a ratchet.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 420, | for a rack and pinion or ratchet-type actuator for
a ground support having a translating motion. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 43.21 for vehicles having supporting wheels which are
moved vertically relative to the vehicle frame by a rack and pinion or
ratchet-actuating means. |
|
| | |
| 430 | WITH INDICATING OR SIGHTING MEANS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising (1) means for giving a signal or indication
of a condition or position of some portion of the earth working apparatus
or (2) means to be observed by an attendant to aid him in maintaining
the apparatus on a predetermined course.
| | (1)
Note. The mere positioning of an element of the apparatus
is not considered enough to give an indication. There must be some
special indicia means to come under this definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The guide means may comprise an element intended to
be disposed in or aligned with a previously formed furrow or mark,
the attendant guiding the apparatus in accordance with the position
of the element. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 126+, | for apparatus comprising earth-marking means combined
with an earth working element. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 33, | Geometrical Instruments,
subclasses 624+ , for collocating gauge designed for setting a tool
with relation to its support or with relation to work in which it
is to operate and subclass 264, for sighting means attached to a vehicle
to aid the driver in maintaining the vehicle on a predetermined course. |
| 104, | Railways,
subclass 244.1 for a furrow follower for guiding a vehicle, the guiding
being accomplished by reaction of the furrow follower with the walls
of the furrow. |
| 340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 500+ for electrical automatic condition responsive indicating
systems. |
|
| | |
| 431 | WITH SEAT OR ATTENDANT"S STATION: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a seat or other support for an attendant
operating the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. There must be some specific claiming of the seat or
the relationship of the seat or support in structure for classification
under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 330, | for hand guided or manipulated apparatus also having
a hitch movable by shiftable seat. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 323 , for a harvester with a seat. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 20 , for unearthing devices with manual operation station. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 32.5+ , for a land vehicle with a worker"s support. |
| 296, | Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops,
subclasses 63+ , for seats with body modifications. |
| 297, | Chairs and Seats, appropriate subclasses, for a seat of general utility. |
|
| | |
| 432 | Plural: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 431. Apparatus in which there are a plurality of separate and
distinct seats or operator stations. |
| | |
| 433 | Riding attachment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 431. Apparatus in which the attendant operating the apparatus
is carried by a sulky or riding attachment, which is adapted to
be detachably connected to the implement and has its own wheel or
wheels.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 257, | for an unstable propulsion unit forming part of
an articulated vehicle and having a riding attendant. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 32.6 for riding attachments for vehicles and subclass
32.7 for a wheeled vehicle having a station adapted to carry an operator
and which also may be adapted to be attached to an agricultural
implement. |
|
| | |
| 434 | Movable to non-use position: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 431. Apparatus in which the seat or attendant"s station
may be moved to a position in which it is not intended to be used;
e.g., changed from a riding implement to a walking implement. |
| | |
| 435 | Operator changes position or seat adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 431. Apparatus in which the attendant"s station or seat
is modified to permit the operator to shift his entire body; or
the seat is adjustable.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The station or seat must be enlarged to permit the operator
to move or slide thereon. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 334, | for hand-guided straddle row cultivators having
seat counterbalanced tool beams. |
|
| | |
| 437 | WITH TOOL SHARPENER: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means for sharpening an earth working
element.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 250 for cutting reels with sharpening means. |
| 76, | Metal Tools and Implements, Making,
subclasses 82+ , especially subclass 85 for tool sharpeners or
tool sharpener attachments, per se. |
| 451, | Abrading,
subclasses 415+ for an abrading attachment, per se. |
|
| | |
| 438 | COMBINED: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with a device outside of the class definition
and not provided for in other subclasses of this class.
| | (1)
Note. In this subclass, for example, are combinations with
a gun, a shade for a draft animal, a vehicle brake, a basket of general
utility and a loading device of general utility. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclasses 403+ for a scraper combined with a scoop, shovel, or
other material pick up means. |
|
| | |
| 439 | MAST TYPE HITCH (E.G., THREE POINT HITCH, ETC.): |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working device adapted to
trail behind a propelling means, said earth working device having
a mast comprising a vertically extending structure which is held
against movement relative to at least a portion of the device in
a longitudinal vertical plane, and struts pivotally connected to the
upper and lower portions of said structure, said struts also being
pivotally connected respectively to upper and lower portions of
the propelling means, and said struts being free to pivot about
each of their pivotal connections in a generally longitudinal vertical
plane.
| | (1)
Note. Claims classifiable under this definition may include
merely the struts or the vertically extending structure adapted
for cooperation with the struts. |
| | (2)
Note. "Struts" are elements adapted to withstand
compressive stress. Usually in working position the lower strut
is in tension and the upper strut is in compression while in transport
position the lower strut is in compression and the upper strut is
in tension. |
| | (3)
Note. This definition is intended to include devices usually
called three point hitches or Ferguson hitches. It should be noted,
however, that the definition is broadly phrased and will include
some devices other than the Ferguson or three point hitch. |
| | (4)
Note. The propelling device may be no more than a trailer
or other means which itself is propelled by a tractor or other device. |
| | (5)
Note. The pivotal freedom of the struts may be inhibited by
a lifting device. However, if other added means prevent pivoting
of the struts then the device is not considered to come under this
definition. |
| | (6)
Note. The mast or vertically extending structure may have
some freedom for movement relative to the earth working device if
the apparatus as a whole is essentially a Ferguson-type hitch. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 7+, | for draft responsive, automatic, power-controlled
mast-type hitches. See (1) Note of subclass 7 for the line between
subclasses 7 and 439. |
| 47, | for a mast-type hitch in combination with a power
driven tool or cleaner. |
| 210, | for an alternating implement with an interrelated
tool lift and shift, the hitch being of the mast type. |
| 307, | for a tool forward of the rear of a self-propelled
vehicle connected to the vehicle by a parallelogram-type lift. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 400+ and especially subclass 407 for articulated vehicles
wherein the load of a trailer on a leading vehicle is adjusted by adjusting
the point of application of draft to the leading vehicle, subclass 460.1
for articulated vehicles with laterally spaced parallel connections, subclass
461.1 for articulated vehicles with vertically spaced connections, subclasses
467+ for articulated vehicles comprising laterally adjustable hitches,
subclass 490.1 for articulated vehicles wherein the draft means
may be vertically adjusted with respect to at least one of the vehicles
or the ground merely in order to facilitate connecting the vehicles,
and subclass 497 for vertically paced connections of a draft element
to a tractor. A sole disclosure to an agricultural implement hitched
to a tractor by a hitch as defined in Class 172, subclass 439 is classifiable
in Class 172. |
| 414, | Material or Article Handling,
subclasses 680+ for a vertically swinging load support and subclass
766 may be of particular interest. |
|
| | |
| 440 | Angled gangs liftable as a unit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Apparatus in which said earth working device comprises a
plurality of rows of earth working elements, the axis of one row
in plan view being located at, or being adjustable to, an angle
with respect to the axis of another row, and the rows being vertically
movable with the mast structure as a unit.
| | (1)
Note. The earth working elements are usually disks. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 454+, | for angled gangs liftable for transport on a wheeled
frame by an actuating means other than a mast-type hitch. |
| 579+, | for plural groups of disks. |
|
| | |
| 441 | Tandem gangs: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 440. Apparatus in which one row of earth working element is located
generally behind another row of earth working elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 455, | for tandem-angled gangs liftable for transport on
a wheeled frame by an actuating means other than a mast- type hitch. |
| 595, | and 596, for tandem disk gangs. |
|
| | |
| 442 | With actuator for angling groups relatively: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 441. Apparatus comprising an actuator for changing the angular
relation in plan view of one row of earth working elements with
respect to another row.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 580, | for groups of disks adjusted by a power device. |
| 591+, | for groups of disks horizontally angled by a manual
actuator, especially subclass 594 for double tandem groups so adjusted. |
|
| | |
| 443 | Struts on trailer or between implement parts: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Apparatus in which (1) the struts extend between the earth
working device and a wheeled trailer adapted to be drawn by a propelling
means or (2) the struts extend between different parts of the earth
working device.
| | (1)
Note. The earth working device in part (2) of the definition
is an implement which is adapted to be attached to a propelling
means such as a tractor, in the field or as a substantially complete
unit. |
| | (2)
Note. In the ordinary mast-type hitch the struts extend between
a tractor and an implement, pivot means for the struts are assembled
on or built into the tractor at the factory, the struts remain associated with
the tractor in the field and an implement is attached to the struts
in the field. This definition is intended to exclude this arrangement
but include an arrangement whereby a tractor not equipped with pivot
means for a mast-type hitch at the factory is associated with an
implement which itself includes the mast-type hitch, or whereby
the tractor is converted to use such an implement by securing an attachment
to the tractor which includes struts for cooperating with the earth working
element (the attachment and the earth working element being considered the
implement for purposes of this definition). |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 248, | for an apparatus convertible from one type of hitch
to another. |
| 463, | for a lift actuator and tool which form a removable
unit carried on a wheeled frame. |
|
| | |
| 444 | Hitch quadrilateral modified during lift: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Apparatus in which the geometrical outline (as seen in elevation),
made up of the vertically extending structure, the struts and the
propelling means, changes in basic configuration as the earth working
device is lifted or lowered.
| | (1)
Note. The geometrical outline of the definition is made up
of four lines connected by pivot points, so that it will naturally
change as the struts are lifted or lowered. This simply change is
not included in the definition. The changes contemplated by the
definition are brought about by some additional means and are those
which occur, for example, when one of the struts is made of two pivoted
or telescopic sections which move relatively while the earth working device
is being lifted, or when one of the pivot points is on a link which
moves as the earth working device is raised or lowered. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 7+, | for apparatus having an automatic power control
and comprising a mast-type hitch in which one of the struts is pivoted
to a yieldable pivot point. |
|
| | |
| 445 | With means operated by vertical hitch movement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Apparatus in which there is a means for vertically moving
the struts and mast to lift the earth working device for transport
and some auxiliary means is operated as a result of the vertical
movement (e.g., a link is operated to rock the implement about a
longitudinal axis).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 128, | for an earth marker which is adjusted upon raising
an earth working device. |
| 210, | for apparatus including earth working means alternating
for right or left hand operation which is carried on a mast- type
hitch and in which vertical movement of the hitch is accompanied
by movement of the earth working means to its alternate operating position. |
| 458, | for apparatus in which the vertical movement of
an implement on a wheeled frame is associated with some other movement
of the implement. |
|
| | |
| 445.1 | Including blade, scraper, or smoother: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Apparatus in which at least one earth working element is
supported by a mast structure, wherein the element has either (a)
a substantially vertical working surface adapted to strike off or
level the earth, or (b) a substantial area adapted to contact the
earth in a horizontal direction to compact or smooth the earth.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 4.5, | for a scraper which is automatically power-controlled
for leveling. |
| 26.5+, | for a dragline scraper. |
| 72, | for a driven tool followed by a leveling drag or
furrow shaper. |
| 189, | and 612, for flexible implements including flexible
matlike drags. |
| 197, | and 199+, for diverse tools, one of which
comprises a drag or smoother that may be mounted on a vehicle by
a three-point hitch. |
| 777+, | for a scraper supporting a narrow depending tool. |
| 779, | for a scraper whose position is controlled by a
linkage for leveling. |
| 780, | and 781+, for a scraper between front and
rear vehicle supports. |
| 799.5, | for a towed scraper on a wheel-supported frame. |
| 810+, | for a scraper ahead of a motor vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 446 | Laterally adjustable tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Apparatus in which there are means for holding an earth
working element in different locations laterally of the line of
draft or the propelling means.
| | (1)
Note. Merely varying the limits to which an earth working
device may laterally sway is not included. See subclass 450 for
such apparatus. |
| | (2)
Note. The lateral adjustment may be the result of movement
about a vertical or a longitudinal axis with respect to the propelling
means. |
| | (3)
Note. A lateral movement of the earth working tool which is
the result of a turning movement of the propelling tractor is not
included. See subclass 450 for such devices. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 456, | for apparatus liftable on a wheeled frame by means
other than a mast-type hitch in which a central group of earth working
elements is lifted vertically and side groups are movable inwardly. |
| 459+, | for an earth working element lifted vertically on
a wheeled frame by means other than a mast-type hitch and by swinging
movement about a longitudinal axis. |
| 476+, | for an earth working element liftable on a wheeled
frame by means other than a mast-type hitch and laterally adjustable. |
| 741+, | for a laterally adjustable earth working element. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 467+ for a vehicle train wherein the interconnected
vehicles are laterally or angularly adjustable relative to each
other. |
|
| | |
| 447 | Rockable about vertical axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Apparatus in which the earth working element is movable
to a laterally adjusted position by a swinging movement about a
generally vertical axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 477, | for an earth working element liftable on a wheeled
frame by means other than a mast-type hitch and adjustable about
a vertical axis. |
| 742, | for a tool adjustable about a vertical axis. |
|
| | |
| 448 | With auxiliary vertical adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Apparatus in which in addition to an actuator for swinging
the struts which is adapted to lift the earth working device for
transport there is an added means for holding an earth working element
in different positions in a vertical sense with respect to the propelling
means.
| | (1)
Note. For the definition of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 446, | for tools associated with a mast-type hitch adjusted
vertically as well as laterally. |
| 474+, | for tools which are liftable for transport on a
wheeled frame which are rockable about an independently, vertically
adjustable transverse axis. |
| 485+, | for apparatus comprising a power unit for lifting
tools for transport on a wheeled frame and manual means for effecting
a supplemental adjustment. |
|
| | |
| 449 | Tool movable relative to mast while earth working: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Apparatus in which an earth working element is free to move
relative to the mast at least to a limited extent while the earth
working element is performing its earth working function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 440+, | for apparatus comprising angled gangs liftable as
a unit with one or more gangs movable relative to the mast while
earth working. |
| 450, | for a mast-type hitch with tools swayable with respect
to the propelling means but fixed with respect to the mast. |
| 501+, | for a tool liftable by an actuator on a wheeled
frame and with a lost motion connection between the actuator and tool. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 497 for articulated vehicles comprising a draft connection
between the vehicles with vertically spaced connections to the leading
vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 450 | Sway limiting means or swayable tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Apparatus in which (1) an earth working element is free
to move laterally to the line of draft relative to the propelling
means while performing its earth working function or (2) there are
means in addition to merely the struts and their connections with
the mast and propelling means for preventing or inhibiting free movement
of the earth working element laterally of the line of draft relative
to the propelling means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 449, | for tools freely movable relative to the mast of
a mast-type hitch while earth working. |
| 457, | for tools liftable on a wheeled frame by means other
than a mast-type hitch and means to restrain sway when raised. |
| 501+, | for tools liftable on a wheeled frame by an actuator
and with a lost motion connection between the actuator and the tool. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 497 for a trailer having an articulated connection
to a draft element having vertically spaced connections to a tractor. |
|
| | |
| 451 | With tool frame or bar extending beyond side of vehicle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Apparatus including a support mechanism or device which
is adapted to support an earth working element or elements, wherein
the mechanism or device extends laterally beyond the side of the
propelling device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 440+, | for mast-type hitches with angle gangs extending
laterally on each side of the mast structure. |
|
| | |
| 452 | WITH ACTUATOR ADAPTED TO LIFT TOOL FOR TRANSPORT ON WHEELED FRAME
OR BROADLY CLAIMED IMPLEMENT: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a frame supported on ground support
means such as wheels, an earth working element and an actuator for
lifting the earth working element for supporting it on the frame
so that it may be transported without engaging the earth.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. Apparatus comprising an earth working element and a
means for lifting the earth working element on an implement is classifiable
under this definition if the implement is claimed broadly by name
only, the implement being considered the equivalent of a frame supported on
wheels. |
| | (3)
Note. An actuating means imparting vertical movement to an
implement is considered to come under this definition unless the
actuating means is disclosed as not usable to lift the implement
off the ground for transport. |
| | (4)
Note. Apparatus comprising a frame, an earth working element
and a means for lifting the earth working element on the frame is
classifiable under this definition if the frame is disclosed as
rigidly attached to a wheel frame. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 47, | and 439+, for an actuator on a vehicle adapted
to lift an implement with a mast-type hitch for transport on the vehicle. |
| 74, | for a driven tool with a power take-off from the
drive to adjust the tool. |
| 75, | for a driven tool with an interconnected lift and
drive control. |
| 238, | for an implement with a ground support moved vertically
relative to the frame by a draft force. |
| 240+, | for an implement with a ground support engageable
with the ground for transport only. |
| 255, | for an implement with an earth working element moved
vertically when the implement is turned. |
| 260, | for a propulsion unit guided by a walking attendant
or part of an articulated vehicle and with an actuator for moving
a tool vertically. |
| 261+, | for means for shifting an earth working element
on striking an obstruction. |
| 272+, | for means to facilitate mounting an implement on
a motor vehicle. |
| 293+, | for a series of earth working elements sequentially
lifted by a power cycle. |
| 297+, | for earth working elements mounted forward of the
rear of a self-propelled vehicle. |
| 315+, | for an actuator on a trailing implement, controlled
from a propelling vehicle, the relationship with the vehicle being
significantly claimed. |
| 317+, | for an actuator on vehicle for relatively moving
parts of a trailing implement. |
| 321, | for an actuator on a vehicle for lifting a wheeled
implement. |
| 322+, | for an actuator for rocking an implement about a
wheel axis. |
| 326+, | for an actuator on a trailing ground- supported
frame for moving a draft means vertically. |
| 395+, | for an implement with an actuator for moving a ground
support vertically relative to a frame. |
| 583+, | for plural groups of disks comprising a vertically
adjustable group. |
| 663+, | for actuators other than those adapted to lift a
tool for transport on a wheeled frame or broadly claimed implement. |
| 781+, | for a scraper mounted between front and rear ground
supports of a vehicle and an actuator for lifting it for transport. |
| 810+, | for earth working elements mounted ahead of a self-propelled
vehicle. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating, appropriate subclasses for lifting means for excavators. |
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 273 for power- operated lifts for reciprocating side cut
type harvesters. |
| 60, | Power Plants,
subclasses 325+ for hydraulic servomotors operated by a pump. See
note under definition of this class for line between this class and
Class 60. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 141 for lifting or tilting means for unearthing apparatus. |
| 254, | Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or
Pulling Force,
subclasses 2+ for hoisting trucks, and other appropriate subclasses
for lifting devices such as cranes adapted for general utility lifting
rather than forming part of a vehicle-implement combination intended
to remain coupled when in use. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 407 for articulated vehicles wherein the load of a trailer
on a leading vehicle is adjusted by adjusting the point of application of
draft to the leading vehicle, and subclass 490.1 for articulated
vehicles wherein the draft means may be vertically adjusted with
respect to at least one of the vehicles or the ground. |
| 414, | Material or Article Handling,
subclasses 680+ for vertically swinging load supports. |
|
| | |
| 454 | Angled gangs lifted as a unit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus comprising two groups of earth working elements,
each group comprising elements having a common orientation, the
longitudinal axis of one group being at an angle in plan view with
respect to the longitudinal axis of the other group, and the groups
being liftable as a unit by the actuator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 440, | for angled gangs carried by a mast-type hitch which
are lifted as a unit. |
|
| | |
| 455 | Tandem gangs: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Apparatus in which one group of elements is positioned behind
another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 441, | for tandem-angled gangs carried by a mast-type hitch
which are lifted as a unit. |
|
| | |
| 456 | Central group liftable vertically, side groups movable
inwardly: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus comprising a centrally located group of earth
working elements which is lifted for transport by the actuator and
laterally positioned groups of earth working elements which are
movable inwardly toward the longitudinal axis of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters, appropriate subclasses, for specific harvesting implements having
means to reduce their width for transport and especially
subclasses 6+ for gang mowers, subclasses 14.9+ for
break-back reciprocating mowers, subclass 228 for transport attachments
and subclass 385 for contractible, wheel-supported rear delivery
rakes. |
|
| | |
| 457 | With means to restrain lateral sway when raised: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the earth working element is connected
to the frame for lateral swinging movement when the earth working
element is in lowered working position and having means to prevent
or restrain such movement when the earth working element is raised
to transport position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 450, | for means for limiting the lateral sway of tools
carried on a mast-type hitch. |
|
| | |
| 458 | Vertical movement interrelated with another: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus wherein the earth working element, when moved
up and down in a vertical plane by the actuator, is forced to undergo
a movement in another plane, such as lateral tilting or lateral
shifting.
| | (1)
Note. Devices in which the movements of the earth working
element are a result of a simple pivoting motion about a single
axis or a canted pivot axis are not included. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 445, | for tools carried by mast-type hitch having a means
operated by vertical hitch movement. |
|
| | |
| 459 | Pivotable about longitudinal axis (e.g., lateral levelling,
etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus comprising an earth working element which is swingable
about an axis which extends substantially in the direction of movement
of the apparatus over the ground.
| | (1)
Note. The earth working element may have a motion of translation
and still be considered swingable about a longitudinal axis if the
motion of translation is caused by links swinging about a longitudinal
axis. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 446, | for an implement with a mast-type hitch and laterally
adjustable about a longitudinal axis. |
| 456, | for an apparatus comprising a group of tools liftable
vertically on a wheeled frame and side groups swingable inwardly
on longitudinal axes. |
| 640, | for plural, relatively movable tool groups having
a tool group pivotally adjustable about a horizontal axis. |
| 782, | for a scraper between front and rear ground supports
of a vehicle and a laterally offset tool which is adjustable about
a longitudinal axis. |
|
| | |
| 460 | Tool independently vertically adjustable at transversely
spaced points: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Apparatus wherein the earth working element is swingable
about two longitudinal axes which are transversely spaced on the
apparatus, each of said axes being selectively vertically adjustable.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 781+, | especially subclass 797 and the subclasses there
noted for a scraper between front and rear ground supports of a
vehicle swingable about two vertically adjustable longitudinal axes. |
|
| | |
| 461 | Tool lifted with respect to stationary or relatively movable
cleaner: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus having a means for removing debris from the earth
working element when it is raised, said means being (1) fixed on
the frame and the earth working element raised relative thereto
or (2) positively moved relative to the earth working element by
the raising motion of the earth working element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 606+, | for earth working tools having cleaners. |
|
| | |
| 462 | Plural tools, individually spring biased down, lifted as
unit: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus comprising a plurality of earth working elements
each individually biased downwardly by resilient means, and an actuator
lifting all of said implements as a group to transport position.
| | (1)
Note. The mere broad recitation in a claim that an earth working
element is a spring tooth is not enough for classification under
this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 500, | for a tool lifted for transport on a wheeled frame
which is spring-biased down during operation. |
|
| | |
| 463 | Lift actuator moves with tool or forms removable unit therewith: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which (1) the actuator for raising the earth
working element is mounted on the earth working element and moves
therewith between transport and working positions as a result of
the operation of said actuator; or (2) the actuator for lifting
the earth working element and the earth working element are carried by
a common supporting structure which may be readily removable from
the wheeled frame as a unit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 315+, | for an actuator on an implement which is controlled
from a propelling vehicle. |
| 443, | for mast-type hitch devices in which the mast-type
hitch forms a unit with the implement. |
|
| | |
| 464 | Servo-motor forces tool down: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the earth working element is positively
moved in a downward direction by a servomotor.
| | (1)
Note. A device in which the earth working element is pivotally
connected to and trails behind a member which is positively forced
down by a servomotor is included in this definition. | |
| | |
| 465 | Servo-motor with follow-up control (e.g., motion responsive
position control, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the actuator for lifting the earth working
element comprises a servomotor and there are means operated in response
to the motion of the servomotor for stopping the motor before the
limit of motion is reached.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 9, | for automatic draft responsive power control apparatus
combined with a position control device. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 91, | Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 358+ for expansible chamber motors having working member position
responsive feedback control. |
|
| | |
| 467 | With shiftable hitch causing vertical movement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the wheeled frame carries a draft means
for connecting it to a propelling means, said draft means being
movable relative to the frame and interconnected with an earth working
element whereby movement of the draft means relative to the frame
causes vertical movement of the earth working element relative to
the frame, said frame also carrying an actuator adapted to lift
the earth working element for transport on the frame.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 239+, | for devices having draft responsive depth control
means. |
| 605+, | for devices adjusted by utilizing the draft force
on a shiftable hitch. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 414, | Material or Article Handling,
subclass 435 for motion or draft responsive load handler including
movably connected vehicle sections. |
|
| | |
| 468 | Plural tools, independently actuatable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which actuating means are provided for lifting
a plurality of earth working elements to transport position and
said means are operable to lift one of said elements independently
of another element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 140, | for diverse tools having independent lift actuators. |
| 230+, | for parallel separate tools alternating for right
or left hand operation having independently operable means for alternating
the operating position of the tools, as by raising and lowering the
latter. |
| 300+, | for a plurality of tools mounted ahead of the rear
and behind a motor vehicle and having independent left actuators. |
| 304, | for plural independently actuatable tools carried
forward of the rear of a motor vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 470 | With separate actuator for concurrent lift or with interlock: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 468. Apparatus under subcass 468 in which (1) an additional actuating
means is provided to lift all the earth working elements simultaneously or
(2) means are provided for selectively connecting two or more of
the earth working elements to be lifted together.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 406, | for wheeled implements having an actuator for simultaneously
adjusting wheels on different axles and having an additional actuator
for changing the relative position of the wheels. |
|
| | |
| 472 | Plural tools simultaneously raised, individually lowered: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus wherein there are a plurality of earth working
elements and means are provided for raising all the earth working
elements as a unit and for selectively lowering each element separately.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 228, | for separate tools alternating for right or left
hand operation which may be simultaneously raised and held in raised
position by separate latches. |
| 462, | for plural tools independently spring- biased down
and raised at a unit. |
| 481, | for tools which are held in position by a latch
means separate from the actuating means. |
|
| | |
| 473 | Tool differentially or sequentially lifted at longitudinally
spaced points: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the earth working element is positively
adjusted vertically at different rates or at different times at
points spaced in the direction of travel by a single actuator (to thereby
raise the earth working element vertically as well as tilt the same
about a transverse axis).
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. This definition includes a device having an actuator
which is connected to a tool beam at a single point where the beam
is also connected to the frame at a longitudinally spaced point
by means of a cam, link, etc., such that upon operation of the actuator
the beam is positively caused to move such that the two points of
connection of necessity are moved vertically at different rates.
This is to be distinguished from connections such as a freely pivoted
link etc., which will permit but not necessarily enforce a different
rate of movement, and which is excluded from this definition. See
subclass 480. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 474, | for means to adjust an implement about a horizontal
transverse axis including means to adjust said axis vertically. |
| 480, | see (1) Note above. 484, for means to adjust an
implement vertically including parallel links connecting the implement
and frame. |
|
| | |
| 474 | Tool rocked about independently vertically adjustable transverse
axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus wherein the earth working element is independently
adjustable about an axis which extends laterally of the direction
of travel, the elevation of the axis also being selectively adjustable.
| | (1)
Note. For the definition of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The implement may be raised to transport position by
either rocking about the transverse axis or by vertical adjustment
of the axis or both. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 448, | for tools carried by a mast-type hitch which include
an auxiliary vertical adjustment. |
| 789, | for a scraper mounted between front and rear supports
of a vehicle with an actuator for lifting it to transport position
and an actuator for bodily shifting a scraper subframe draft connection which
forms a transverse axis about which the scraper is adjustable. |
| 795, | for a scraper mounted between front and rear supports
of a vehicle with an actuator for lifting it for transport and an
actuator for tilting the scraper about a transverse, vertically
adjustable axis. |
|
| | |
| 475 | Plural longitudinally spaced actuators: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Apparatus in which two actuators are carried on the frame
and are longitudinally spaced thereon, one of said actuators adjusting
the earth working element about the transverse axis and the other
actuator adjusting the elevation of the transverse axis.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. | |
| | |
| 476 | With lateral adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus wherein the earth working element is selectively
positionable transversely of the direction of travel of the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. The mere recitation that the earth working element is
laterally or transversely adjustable is not enough for classification
in this subclass. Some structural detail relative to the adjustment
must be recited. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 305, | for a laterally adjustable earth working element
mounted forward of the rear of a motor vehicle. |
| 446+, | for a laterally adjustable implement with a mast-type
hitch. |
| 456, | for apparatus liftable for transport on a wheeled
frame in which a central group of earth working elements is lifted
vertically and side groups are movable inwardly. |
| 459+, | for an earth working element lifted vertically on
a wheeled frame about a longitudinal axis. |
| 645+, | for plural, relatively movable tools which are horizontally
adjustable. |
| 741+, | for a laterally adjustable earth working element. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 467+ for articulated vehicles which are laterally or
angularly adjustable. |
|
| | |
| 477 | Tool adjustable about vertical axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 476. Apparatus wherein the earth working element is adjustable
about a vertical axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 447, | for a tool liftable on a wheeled frame by a mast-type
hitch and adjustable about a vertical axis. |
| 796, | and the subclasses there noted, for a scraper mounted
between the front and rear ground supports of a vehicle, an actuator
for lifting the scraper for transport and an actuator for adjusting the
scraper about a vertical axis. |
| 818+, | for an elongated earth working blade mounted ahead
of a motor vehicle and an actuator for lifting the blade for transport,
the blade being adjustable about a vertical axis. |
|
| | |
| 478 | Tool and lift actuator on opposite sides of transverse
pivot axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the earth working element is mounted
upon a member mounted to swing about a fixed transverse axis, the
actuator and the earth working element both being connected to the
member at points spaced from the pivot axis and on opposite sides
thereof, the actuator being effective to raise the earth working
element to transport position by movement about said axis.
| | (1)
Note. Devices in which a beam or longitudinal member is pivoted
to swing about a transverse axis with an actuator and earth working
element connected to the member on opposite sides of the pivot axis
wherein the actuator comprises a handle rigidly connected to the beam
or member are not included in this definition and are classified
in subclass 482. | |
| | |
| 479 | Tool lifted forward of transverse pivot axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the earth working element is mounted
upon a member mounted to swing about a fixed transverse axis, the
actuator being connected to the member forward of the pivot axis
and being effective to raise the earth working element to a transport
position about said axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 308, | for a tool located forward of the rear of a motor
vehicle and mounted on a push bar which is pivoted at its rear end
to the motor vehicle and has an actuator attached to its forward
end to lift the same. |
|
| | |
| 480 | Tool swung about freely shiftable or delayed pivot: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the earth working element is raised by
moving it about a transverse axis which is free to move vertically
or longitudinally when the earth working element is in earth-engaging
position or in which the earth working element is carried by a beam
which is raised until some point thereon engages a point on the
supporting frame at which time said points form a pivot axis about
which the beam swings.
| | (1)
Note. An earth working element which is connected to the supporting
frame by a mere chain, cable, or the like is not included in this
subclass. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 473, | for tools positively adjusted vertically at longitudinally
spaced points. |
| 474, | for tools vertically adjustable about a transverse
axis which is also vertically adjustable. |
|
| | |
| 481 | With separate latch: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus having means operative between the supporting
frame and the earth working element for holding the earth working
element in one position relative to the frame and in which the holding
means is spaced from and forms no part of the lifting actuator or
linkage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 228, | for separate tools alternating for right or left
hand operation which may be simultaneously raised and held in raised
position by separate latches. |
| 466, | for a tool which is lifted for transport by a servomotor
and which is held raised by means independent of the servomotor. |
| 472, | for simultaneously raised plural tools which may
be individually lowered, as by releasing a latch means. |
| 683, | for tools which are latched in an earth working
position, there being no lift actuator for the tool. |
|
| | |
| 482 | Tool swings about rock shaft axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus comprising a shaft mounted on the wheeled frame
for rotation about its axis, an earth working element rigidly connected
to said shaft to rotate therewith about the shaft axis, said shaft
being rotated by the actuator to thereby lift the earth working
element for transport.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 322+, | for tools rocked about a wheel axis by an actuator. |
|
| | |
| 483 | Translatable tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the earth working element during its
vertical movement maintains substantially the same angular position
with respect to the ground.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 415+, | for vertically adjustable translatable wheels. |
| 460, | and the subclasses there noted for a tool independently
vertically adjustable at transversely spaced points and also capable
of vertical translation. |
| 661, | for plural, relatively movable tools in which a
tool is vertically translatably adjustable. |
| 739+, | for devices wherein the tool is carried by a mast-type
hitch which is generally connected to a vehicle for raising and
lowering by vertically spaced substantially parallel links. |
|
| | |
| 484 | By parallel links: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 483. Apparatus in which the earth working element is carried
by links pivoted to the frame and the earth working element, said
links remaining substantially parallel throughout the vertical movement
of the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 307, | for tools mounted forward of the rear of a motor
vehicle and having a parallelogram-type lift means for raising the
tool. |
| 439+, | for a tool lifted by a mast-type hitch having parallel
links. |
|
| | |
| 485 | Power actuator with manual adjusting or supplemental manual
actuating means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the actuator includes a power means comprising
a servomotor or a power take-off and in addition a lever means manipulable
by an attendant for moving the earth working element or the power
means or a part thereof to effect an adjustment of the earth working
element by human power or for acting as an adjustable stop to alter
the range of movement imparted to the earth working element by the
power means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 303, | for tools mounted ahead of the rear of a motor vehicle
and having a power actuator with a manual adjusting or actuating
means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 74, | Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclasses 625+ for alternate manual or power operators. |
|
| | |
| 486 | Manual actuation coextensive with power: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 485. Apparatus in which the means manipulable by the attendant
is related to the power unit so that they both are used simultaneously
or selectively and the attendant manipulable means can move the
earth working element over the same distance and between the same
limits as the power means. |
| | |
| 487 | Constant height depth adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 485. Apparatus in which the earth working element may be lowered
to different depths in the soil as the result of different settings
of the attendant manipulable means but is always raised to substantially
the same height over the ground.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 411, | for self-powered crank axle mounted vertically adjustable
wheels with constant height depth adjustment. |
|
| | |
| 488 | Single lift actuator for plural relatively movable tools: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus comprising a plurality of earth working elements
which are movable relative to each other and in which a single actuator
is provided for lifting all the earth working elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 138+, | for diverse tools which are vertically adjusted
by a single actuator and move relative to one another when adjusted. |
| 456, | for devices having side groups of tools which are
movable inwardly toward a vertically movable central group. |
| 462, | for plural tools which are spring-biased down and
raised as a unit. |
|
| | |
| 489 | Tools relatively moved during lift: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 488. Apparatus wherein the earth working elements are moved relative
to each other as a result of the lifting movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 138+, | for diverse tools which are vertically adjustable
by a single actuator and move relative to one another when adjusted. |
| 390, | for apparatus having a plurality of spring tools
carried by parallel pivoted tooth bars and also having a wheel substitute
such as a runner, said bars usually having an actuator to pivot
said bars whereby the tools will be raised. |
|
| | |
| 490 | Rotary drum actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the actuator comprises a winch for winding
a cable to hoist the earth working element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 293+, | for a plurality of like elements sequentially operated
by a power cycle wherein rotary drums are employed to actuate the
elements. |
| 414, | for apparatus including a vertically adjustable
ground support for a tool frame including a flexible connection between
the ground support and actuator. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 254, | Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or
Pulling Force,
subclasses 264+ for apparatus for hauling or hoisting a load including
a driven drum which contacts and pulls on a cable attached to the
load. |
|
| | |
| 491 | Servo-motor actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the actuator comprises a motor which
is in motion just long enough to effect the desired movement of
the earth working element and then stops.
| | (1)
Note. Servomotor actuators are very common in this art and
only unusual types should be cross-referenced to this subclass.
The search notes below list subclasses in which "servomotor" appears
in the title. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 2+, | for an implement with an automatic control for a
servomotor. |
| 294, | for devices having a series of elements, such as
wheels or tools, which are sequentially operated by a power cycle
where the power is supplied by sequentially operated servomotors. |
| 316, | for servomotor actuator on a trailing implement
controlled from a leading vehicle. |
| 413, | for wheels vertically adjusted by a servomotor actuator. |
| 464, | for a servomotor actuator forcing a tool down. |
| 465, | for a servomotor with a follow up control for lifting
a tool for transport. |
| 466, | for a servomotor for lifting a tool for transport
and means for holding the tool raised to relieve the load on the servomotor. |
| 831, | for plural servomotor actuators for lifting an elongated
earth working blade positioned ahead of a motor vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 492 | With power take-off for actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the actuator comprises a device for applying
the power of a continuously moving source of power to the earth working
element for the period of time necessary to move it from one position
of adjustment to another.
| | (1)
Note. The source of power may be a ground wheel or motor.
However, those devices in which the adjustment of the earth working
element is accomplished by applying the power of a propelling means
to shifting a hitch are not included. See subclasses 605+ for
such devices. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 129, | for means utilizing the power from a ground wheel
to adjust an earth marker. |
| 231, | for parallel separate tools alternating for right
or left hand operation which are independently operated by power derived
from a ground wheel. |
| 293+, | for a series of like elements sequentially operated
by a power cycle which may be derived from a power take-off. |
| 402, | and 403+, for devices having an actuator
and means interconnecting the actuator and a plurality of wheels
for vertically adjusting the wheels wherein the power for the actuator
is derived from a ground wheel. |
| 407+, | for power-operated means for vertically adjusting
a ground support including power take-off devices. |
| 485+, | for power-actuating means with manual adjusting
or supplemental manual-actuating means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 388 through 392for rakes adjusted by a power take-off means deriving
power from a wheel. |
| 74, | Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclasses 11+ for power take-offs of general application. |
|
| | |
| 493 | Position controlled power disengagement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 492. Apparatus wherein means are provided to positively disengage
the actuating means from the source of power when the earth working
element has reached a predetermined position.
| | (1)
Note. A simple slip clutch is not included in this subclass. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 129, | for means utilizing the power from a ground wheel
to adjust an earth marker. |
| 410, | for apparatus comprising a frame vertically adjustable
relative to a wheel mounted on a crank axle and having a self-interrupted
clutch. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 192, | Clutches and Power-Stop Control,
subclass 33 for an automatic clutch having a manual control
and definite position release. |
|
| | |
| 494 | Overcenter or toggle holding means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus comprising a linkage means disposed between the
earth working element and the frame (1) which acts to hold the earth
working element in a raised position by a link passing over a center
position such that the movement due to the weight of the earth working
element acts to hold it in raised position or (2) which acts to
hold the earth working element in one position by a pair of links
assuming a substantially in-line position (i.e., toggle).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 499, | for tools which include a spring device for alternately
biasing a tool in opposite directions during operation. |
| 506, | for spring-assisted or spring actuators which may
include a spring device for biasing the actuator to raise or lower the
tool. |
|
| | |
| 497 | Tool spring biased during operation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the earth working element is biased by
resilient means during operation of the device.
| | (1)
Note. The mere recitation in a claim that the earth working
element is a spring tooth or formed of a spring material is not
enough for classification under this definition. |
| | (2)
Note. A mere spring-biased hitch is not included. See subclass
678 for such devices. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 117, | for driven earth working elements which are yieldably
mounted on a supporting frame. |
| 705+, | for earth working elements which are spring biased
or formed or have a part which is spring biased or formed. |
|
| | |
| 498 | Biased to neutral position: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 497. Apparatus in which the resilient means provides an opposite
bias on the tool when the tool moves in either direction from a
neutral position. |
| | |
| 499 | Spring means alternately biases tool in opposite directions: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 497. Apparatus in which the resilient means is active to press
the earth working element downwardly when the earth working element
is in operative position and is so arranged to provide an upward
bias on the earth working element as it is raised to transport position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 494, | for tools held in raised position by an overcenter
or toggle holding device by the weight of the tool acting on the holding
device. |
| 506, | for spring-assisted or spring actuators which may
include a spring device for biasing the actuator to raise or lower the
tool. |
|
| | |
| 500 | Tool spring pressed downwardly: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 497. Apparatus in which the bias of the resilient means acts
to move the earth working element downwardly.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 462, | for plural tools which are individually spring-biased
downwardly and raised as a unit. |
|
| | |
| 501 | Lost motion connection between actuator and tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the connection between the actuator and
earth working element is such as to allow at least a certain amount
of free vertical movement between the two in at least one direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 117, | for driven earth working elements which are free
to move bodily at least a limited amount relative to a supporting
frame on which they are mounted. |
| 414, | for apparatus including a vertically adjustable
ground support for a tool frame including a flexible or lost motion
connection between the ground support and the actuator. |
| 449, | for apparatus with a mast-type hitch in which the
tool is movable relative to the mast while earth working. |
|
| | |
| 502 | Flexible connector: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Apparatus in which the connection between the actuator and
earth working element includes a flexible member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 293+, | for a plurality of like elements sequentially operated
by a power cycle wherein flexible connectors are interposed between
the power means and an element, and through which the element may
be actuated by the power means. |
| 490, | for tools raised by means of a rotary drum actuator,
the connection between the drum and tool usually being a flexible
connection. |
|
| | |
| 503 | Actuator slidably connected to tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus comprising an actuator having a portion pivoted
on an axis spaced from the pivot axis of a part of the earth working
element, said actuator portion being directly connected to the earth
working element by a connection permitting relative sliding motion between
the actuator portion and the earth working element part. |
| | |
| 504 | Screw actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the actuator includes a pair of relatively
movable threaded members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 419, | for ground supports which are moved with a vertical
translating motion relative to a frame by a screw-jack type actuator. |
| 427, | for ground supports which are moved vertically relative
to a frame by a screw-jack type actuator. |
|
| | |
| 505 | Tool connected to frame by bail: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which the earth working element is connected
to the frame by a U-shaped member, the earth working element being
carried in the bight of said member.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass does not include those devices in which
the bail member constitutes an axle for a wheel and the tool is
rigidly connected to the bail since such devices are classified
above in subclass 322. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 397, | for apparatus having a tool and a ground support
which are moved together relative to a frame and which include a
tool carried in a bail formed by a wheel carrying crank axle. |
| 480, | for tools lifted for transport on wheeled frame
said tools swing about a freely shiftable or delayed pivot in which
the tool may be carried by a bail member. |
|
| | |
| 506 | Spring assisted or spring actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Apparatus in which (1) a resilient means is provided which
is operatively connected to the actuator so that movement of the
actuator in one direction stores energy in the resilient means which
is released and aids in moving the actuating means in the opposite
direction; or (2) in which the earth working element may be latched
in working position and the actuator is a resilient means in which
energy is stored in the latched position and is released to raise
the earth working element when the latter is unlatched.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 424, | for spring-assisted actuators for moving a ground
support vertically. |
| 497+, | for tools which are spring biased during operation
and raised to a transport position by an actuator. |
| 790, | for a scraper mounted between front and rear supports
of a vehicle and counterbalance means for adjusting the scraper. |
|
| | |
| 507 | GROUND SUPPORT MOVABLE HORIZONTALLY: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a framework having ground support means
such as wheels, the position of the ground support means in the apparatus
in plan view being changeable with respect to the framework.
| | (1)
Note. The framework in this definition comprises the running
gear of the apparatus. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 278+, | for implements with wheel steering or an actuator
for horizontally angling a wheel axis. |
| 383+, | for an implement with the axis of rotation of the
wheel lockable or angularly adjustable. |
| 395+, | for an implement with a ground support vertically
adjustable with respect to the frame, which vertical adjustment
may include a horizontal adjustment. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 638+ for extensible vehicles. |
|
| | |
| 508 | WITH GUARD, SHIELD OR PLANT DIVERTER: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus under class defintion comprising (1) means to
prevent people, animals, or objects from contacting parts of the
apparatus so as to prevent injuries to themselves or the apparatus,
(2) means to change the position of standing plants without soil
disturbance (other than changes brought about by the earth working
elements themselves), or (3) means to deflect earth or debris thrown
about by the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass does not include those devices where an
earth working element is provided with an extension or portion which
acts as a deflector or shield. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 29+, | for implements including means to shift nonstanding
plants without soil disturbance. |
| 38, | for an implement comprising a driven tool and an
obstruction-feeling device. |
| 81, | for an implement comprising a driven tool and a
plant deflector or protector. |
| 112+, | for an implement comprising a driven tool with a
deflector or shield for thrown material. |
| 233+, | for apparatus including an obstruction-feeling device
for causing or permitting movement of an implement to avoid striking
the obstruction. |
| 558+, | for disk cleaners which may also deflect earth. |
| 606+, | for tool cleaners. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 137 for an unearthing device provided with a protective
guard or casing. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 847+ for land vehicles with dust and mud guards, subclass
159 for dust guards, and subclasses 160+ for wheel guards for
fending obstacles from contact with the wheels of a vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 509 | Fender for deflected earth: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus comprising means to limit the lateral movement
of material thrown out by an earth working element, usually to protect
adjacent standing plants from injury. |
| | |
| 510 | Rotary: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Apparatus in which said means has a rotating movement imparted
thereto usually by rolling contact with the earth.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 534, | for rolling devices provided with peripherally spaced
plant saving means. |
|
| | |
| 511 | Perforated or screening type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Apparatus in which said means comprises (1) a member having
openings therein, or (2) a plurality of spaced members defining
openings to permit the passage of material of a size smaller than
the size of the openings through said means. |
| | |
| 512 | Inverted U-shape: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Apparatus in which said means comprises an inverted U- or
V-shaped member for limiting the movement of material thrown inwardly toward
said means from opposite sides. |
| | |
| 514 | Weed turner or trash holddown: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus comprising means for positioning or holding standing
plants (e.g., weeds) so that they may be covered or cut by the operation
of an earth working element.
| | (1)
Note. This definition includes means to hold surface material,
such as stalks, in position to be cut by an earth working element,
but excludes means to change the position of surface material without disturbing
the soil. See subclasses 29+. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 29+, | for devices for shifting surface material without
disturbing the soil. See (1) Note above. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 143 for a trash hold down claimed in combination with
a planting machine. |
|
| | |
| 515 | Spring biased or spring formed: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 514. Apparatus in which said means is (1) biased to a working
position by a spring means, or (2) formed of a resilient material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 705+, | for spring biased or spring formed earthworking
tools or tool parts. |
|
| | |
| 516 | Plural cooperating elements: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 515. Apparatus in which said spring biased or formed means comprises
a plurality of closely spaced or contacting elements which allow
the passage of obstructions or larger plants between the elements.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclasses 55 and 56 for an extractor for unearthing plants or
buried objects comprising plural cooperating plant grasping jaws. |
|
| | |
| 517 | Plant deflector: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Apparatus comprising means for lifting or deflecting standing
or rooted plants to prevent covering or injury by the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 81, | for driven tools having plant deflectors or protectors. |
|
| | |
| 518 | ROLLING, ROTATING OR ORBITALLY MOVING TOOL: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an earth working element which has
a rotational or orbital motion in use.
| | (1)
Note. The motion of the element may be due to the resistance
of the earth, or objects on or in the earth, as the element is moved
over the earth; or it may be driven, but no more of the driving
means is claimed than a driven shaft which supports the element
or a wheel to which it is directly connected, and it does not require
a drive means to operate it in the manner disclosed (see (3) Note
under subclass 35). |
| | (2)
Note. An earth working device, comprising a plurality of earth
working blades, tines, or projections mounted on an axis and intended
to be used so that the earth is worked while a blade is relatively
stationary with respect to its support frame and the device is rotated
on its axis only occasionally to bring down another blade to engage
the earth, is included even if the rotation is not a complete revolution. |
| | (3)
Note. The phrase "earth working element" or
the word "tool" as applied to the subject mater
of this group of subclasses includes in its meaning a unitary rotating
device with a plurality of earth working blades or tines. The whole
rotating device is considered a tool or earth working element, rather
than merely a single blade of the device. |
| | (4)
Note. Patents are classified herein even if the claims do
not describe an earth working element as being of the rolling or
rotating type, provided that the sole specific disclosure relates
to rolling or rotating earth working elements. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 15, | for a lawn edger with a rolling cutter. |
| 21, | for lawn aerators. |
| 31, | for a rolling cutter in an implement with means
for shifting surface material without soil disturbance. |
| 35+, | for driven tools or cleaners, especially subclasses
68+ for a driven tool combined with a rolling tool. |
| 133+, | for diverse tools including rolling tools. The rolling
tools are not found in the generic subclass but are found in indented
subclasses 144, 149+, 153, 154, 156, 157, 158, 164, 166, 169,
170+, 174+, and 184+. |
| 219+, | for an alternating implement comprising a disk. |
| 349+, | for a rolling tool guided or propelled by a walking
attendant. |
| 440+, | for angled disk gangs liftable as a unit by a mast-type
hitch. |
| 454+, | for angled disk gangs adapted to be liftable as
a unit by an actuator for transport on a wheeled frame or broadly
claimed implement, the lifting means not comprising a mast-type hitch. |
| 683, | for a tool latched in earth working position. |
| 715, | for a rotary landside. |
| 716+, | for a movable moldboard. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 30, | Cutlery, appropriate subclasses for general utility cutting
implements which may roll, rotate, or move through an orbital path
as the same are moved along the earth"s surface. |
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 256 for rotating disk cutters for harvesters of the
vertical-cut type, and subclasses 500+ for stalk choppers
for cutting dead crop material. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclasses 112+ for a rotary furrow opener claimed in combination with
a plant setting machine; subclasses 121+ for a rotary furrow opener
claimed in combination with liquid or gas soil treatment; and subclasses
157+ for a rotary furrow opener claimed in combination
with a planting machine. |
| 152, | Resilient Tires and Wheels, appropriate subclasses for tires and wheels. A tire
or wheel may inherently have an earth working function but is not
classified in Class 172 unless the earth working function is claimed
or specifically described in the specification as an important feature. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 93 for a rolling unearthing device. |
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclasses 331+ for a rolling cutter-type earth boring bit. |
| 180, | Motor Vehicles,
subclass 20 for motor vehicles wherein one or more rollers support
the body or frame. |
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclasses 5.1+ for wheels. A wheel may inherently work the earth
due to its configuration, but wheels are not classified in Class
172 unless the earth working function is claimed or unless the earth
working function is specifically described in the specification
as an important feature. |
| 384, | Bearings,
subclass 157 , for a plain bearing and 460 for an antifriction bearing
for plow or colter disks which may include the bearing support. |
| 404, | Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,
subclasses 122+ for a smooth-surface compaction roller for compressing
or packing clods of earth, for rolling out an earthy mass, or for
rolling a cementitious mass, and subclass 121 for a sheep"s
foot roller. |
| 492, | Roll or Roller, for a roll, per se, not elsewhere provided for,
and see the notes thereunder. |
|
| | |
| 519 | Yieldable material rim (e.g., rubber, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rim portion of the device bearing
on the ground is made of rubber, fabric, or like yieldable, flexible
material.
| | (1)
Note. Devices under this definition must have a configuration,
when in contact with the ground which is like that set out in the
various subclasses under subclass 518. A mere compacting roller
is classifiable in Class 404, Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,
subclasses 122+. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 612, | for fabric or flexible tools. |
| 747, | for tools made of some specific material. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 152, | Resilient Tires and Wheels, appropriate subclasses for wheels with yieldable
surfaces. |
| 492, | Roll or Roller,
subclass 29 for a roll, per se, not elsewhere provided for, having
a nap or pile surface and subclasses 53+ and 57+ for
a roll of specific composition. |
|
| | |
| 521 | With power take-off from tool or wheel: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus comprising a means driven by the rotating earth
working element or a ground-engaging wheel for adjusting a part
of the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of adjusting see the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 105, | for a driven earth working element driven from a
rolling or driven ground wheel. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 414, | Material or Article Handling,
subclasses 439+ for a ground wheel operated motion or draft responsive
load handler. |
|
| | |
| 522 | Axis substantially vertical: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the axis of rotation of the earth working
element is substantially vertical.
| | (1)
Note. The axis may deviate from the vertical by as much as
45 degrees. Also the axis may be adjustable to a horizontal position. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 110, | for a driven tool that rotates about a substantially
vertical axis. |
| 169, | for diverse tools, one of which is a tool which
rotates about a substantially vertical axis. |
|
| | |
| 525 | With weight: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus including a weight or a means specifically designed
to support a weight. |
| | |
| 526 | Plural tools: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus comprising a plurality of earth working elements
each having its axis of rotation substantially vertically disposed. |
| | |
| 527 | Axis substantially longitudinal: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the axis of rotation of the earth working
element is substantially in the direction of movement of the apparatus
over the ground.
| | (1)
Note. For classification under this definition an axis must
be very close to a true longitudinal axis when looked at in plan view.
Many commonly used disk plows and harrows rotate about axes which
are somewhat more longitudinally inclined than transverse but such
devices are not considered to come under this definition and are
classified in appropriate subclasses below. |
| | (2)
Note. A device disclosed as comprising a tool driven about
a horizontal longitudinal axis is classified in subclasses 107+ even
if the drive means is not claimed. | |
| | |
| 528 | With means for stopping or retarding rotation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus comprising brake or stop means for slowing down
or stopping the rotation or rolling of the earth working element.
| | (1)
Note. Apparatus in which the retarding means is capable of
driving the earth working element is classifiable in subclasses
35+ even if, as actually used, rotation is caused due to
the movement of the apparatus over the earth and the "driving
means" functions only to retard the motion of the earth
working element. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 143, | for diverse tools one of which is of the intermittently
rolling type. |
| 237, | for an earth working element which may rotate from
a working position through 360° back to the working position,
the rotation through part of the cycle being effected by a ground- engageable
draft responsive lever. |
| 261+, | for tools which may shift upon overload and particularly
subclass 262 for apparatus in which an alternate tool is brought
into operation as a result of the shift. |
| 683, | for an earth working element latched in working
position and which moves to a position of less earth resistance when
manually unlatched. |
|
| | |
| 529 | Positive stop: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 528. Apparatus in which the brake or stop means comprises a detent
device which acts to positively stop motion by abutment against
a shoulder rather than by a frictional engagement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 237, | for a tool latched in working position and rotatable
through 360° to return to working position and having a ground-
engageable draft responsive lever (e.g., wheel segment) to rotate the
tool through a portion of the cycle after release of the latch. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclass 440 for scoops adapted to be rotated by forward movement
of the device. |
|
| | |
| 530 | Wheel or motor controlled: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 529. Apparatus in which the stop means is controlled by the motion
of a ground wheel or by a motor so that the rotating earth working
element is periodically released under control of the wheel or motor
as the apparatus is advanced over the ground. |
| | |
| 531 | Wobble discs: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which one or more substantially planar rotary
tools is disposed at an angle to its axis of rotation whereby during
rotation the tool will sweep back and forth laterally of its direction
of traverse. |
| | |
| 532 | Screw or spiral: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the circumferential edge of the rolling
or rotating earth working element is a spiral or a substantial portion
of a spiral.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 119, | for screw- or spiral-type tools which are driven
about an axis transverse to the line of draft. |
| 549, | for plural tooth or blade units on a single axle
which could be adjusted to have the circumferential edge of the teeth
or blades in the form of a spiral. |
|
| | |
| 533 | Clutch between shaft and rotating element: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus comprising a clutch connection between a rolling
or rotating earth working element and its supporting shaft by which
means the element may be connected for rotation with its shaft or
the shaft and element may rotate relative to each other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 103, | and 125, for overload-relief type clutching means
and special clutch features, respectively, for power-driven implements. |
|
| | |
| 534 | Wheel or roller with peripherally spaced plant saving means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling earth working element is
in the form of a wheel or roller lying in a plane parallel to the
direction of draft and having earth working surfaces thereon, there being
provided between a pair of the earth working surfaces a recess,
shield or guard means for receiving and protecting a plant of a plant
row.
| | (1)
Note. The earth working surface may be merely a smooth surface
of the wheel or roller or may have teeth or the like thereon. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclass 53 for vehicle wheels having the ground-engaging portion
thereof formed with a series of openings or depressions. |
|
| | |
| 535 | Detachable rim for disk: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus comprising a circumferential earth working element
adapted to be readily attached to and detached from a generally
circular platelike member commonly called a "disk" so
as to surround the circumference of the platelike member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 243, | for a detachable rim for a disk, the rim being used
as a ground wheel. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclass 63.101 for vehicle wheels in which the supporting portion
between the ground-engaging rim and the hub is in the form of a
continuous or deformed disk. |
|
| | |
| 536 | Wheel, roller or gauge and axially adjacent tool on same
axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus comprising a ground-engaging supporting wheel,
roller, or gage means having coaxially associated therewith and
operatively connected thereto at a side thereof a rotary tool means,
the surface of the wheel or roller not being overlapped by the rotary
tool.
| | (1)
Note. The tool may be a rim or the like attached (1) to one
end face of the wheel and may project laterally or radially outwardly
therefrom, or (2) may be a thin rim or the like attached between
the end faces of a pair of wheels and projecting radially outwardly
therefrom in a relatively flat plane such that the overall area of
the peripheral surfaces of the wheels is not appreciably changed. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 539, | for wheels or rollers having a groove, rim or disk
formed integral therewith or attached thereto so as to be on or overlie
the circumference of the wheel or roller. |
|
| | |
| 537 | Corrugated surface rollers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling implement comprises (1) a
plurality of abutting, coaxially aligned, similar, unbroken, peripheral-edged wheel-like
elements which together form an axially extending wave-like configuration
of alternate ridges and grooves or (2) a single broad-rimmed element
having the outer peripheral surface thereof formed of an axially
or circumferentially extending wave-like configuration of alternate
ridges and grooves.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 404, | Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,
subclass 124 , for a compacting roller with specific periphery
characteristic. |
| 492, | Roll or Roller,
subclasses 30+ for a roll, per se, not elsewhere provided for,
having surface projections, indentations or slits. |
|
| | |
| 538 | Paired press rims (e.g., planter press wheels, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the earth working element comprises an
integral or separately formed pair of cooperating, radially inwardly
converging annular soil packing surfaces adapted to ride on and
compress the opposed sloping faces of a ridged plant or seed row.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 519, | for planter press wheels having the opposed converging
rim portions thereof, i.e., the tread portions, formed of a flexible
material such as rubber. |
|
| | |
| 539 | Smooth roller with groove, rim or disk: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus comprising a broad-rimmed rolling device having
a generally smooth surface for breaking clods and/or smoothing
the earth, said device having at least one circumferential groove
to form a ridge of earth as the device rolls over the earth, or
being associated with one or more thin rims or disks which lie in
a generally vertical plane and project radially beyond the broad-rimmed
circumference of the device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 536, | for a wheel or roller with an axially adjacent earth
working element rotating on the same axis. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 404, | Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,
subclass 124 , for a compacting roller with specific periphery
characteristics. |
|
| | |
| 540 | Tool has circumferentially spaced teeth, tines, blades
or the like: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling or rotating earth working
element has teeth, tines, projections, blades, or other configurations
spaced circumferentially in a plane generally at right angles to
the axis of rotation to engage the earth intermittently or with
a varying effect as the effect as the earth working element turns.
| | (1)
Note. This definition includes those devices in which earth
working teeth, tines, or blades are attached to wheels or rollers
to convert them to the kind of earth working element set forth in
the definition. Apparatus in which a wheel element is attached to
a toothed element for purposes of transportation is found in subclass
243. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 118+, | for similar earth working elements which are mounted
on a transverse axis and provided with a means for driving said
elements through a cycle of operation. |
| 177, | for diverse tools, one of which is of the rolling
type having circumferentially spaced blades, tines, or the like. |
| 532, | for a rolling tool with screw- or spirally arranged
blades or teeth. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 377 for side delivery horse rakes having tined rotary
raking elements. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 159 for a tined rotary furrow opener claimed in combination
with a planting machine. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclasses 93 , 95+, 116, and 128 for rolling a rotating
means provided with circumferentially spaced teeth or blades. |
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclass 40.1 for emergency tires having traction increasing
lugs or blades fastened thereto, and subclasses 43+ for
wheels having traction increasing means in the form of projecting
spurs or cleats. |
| 404, | Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,
subclass 121 for a sheep"s foot roller. |
| 452, | Butchering,
subclasses 141+ for meat tenderizing rollers having circumferentially,
spaced teeth, blades, or the like. |
| 492, | Roll or Roller,
subclasses 30+ for a roll, per se, not elsewhere provided for,
having surface projections, indentations or slits. |
|
| | |
| 541 | With means for preventing ground engagement of teeth or
blades: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus in which there are means operable to move the
earth working projections with respect to the rotating support therefor
to prevent the engagement of the projections with the ground.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclasses 46+ for vehicle wheels having adjustably mounted thereon traction
increasing spurs or cleats. |
|
| | |
| 542 | Tooth or blade on endless carrier: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus in which the teeth, tines, projections, or blades
of the implement are mounted on a flexible or articulated, closed
belt-like member which moves through an endless circuit as the device
is moved over the earth.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 100, | for power driven, endless chain-type earth working
implements. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclasses 89+ for an earth-boring device including a tool element
on a continuously driven flexible or articulated endless member. |
| 305, | Wheel Substitutes for Land Vehicles,
subclasses 187+ for one endless flexible track for a land vehicle,
said track having detachable cleats for penetrating the ground to
secure better traction for the track. |
|
| | |
| 543 | Spring tooth or blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus in which the teeth, tines, blades, or the like
are formed of an inherently resilient material whereby such teeth,
tines, blades, or the like may flex or yield under stress.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 96, | for spring teeth, blades, tines, or the like mounted
on a cyclically driven carrier. |
| 643, | and 705+, for spring teeth, per se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 152, | Resilient Tires and Wheels,
subclasses 5+ for spring wheels having deformable ground-engaging
rim portions whereby the wheel as a whole does not retain its circular
form during rotation. |
|
| | |
| 544 | Spring moving or mounting means for tooth or blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus in which a tooth, tine, or blade is mounted on
a spring or is related to a spring so that relative movement between
the tooth, tine, or blade and its supporting member stresses the spring.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 96, | for flexible or yieldably mounted teeth, blades,
or the like mounted on a cyclically driven carrier. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 152, | Resilient Tires and Wheels,
subclasses 5+ for spring wheels having resiliently deformable
ground-engaging rim portions whereby the wheel as a whole does not
retain its circular form during rotation. |
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclass 51 for a vehicle wheel having resiliently mounted
thereon one or more traction increasing spurs or cleats. |
|
| | |
| 545 | Blades or teeth change position relative to each other
or rotating support during rotation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus in which the projecting means change their position
relative to each other while the device as a whole is rotating,
or are in movable relation to a rotating support therefor while
the support is rotating.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 91, | for driven implements wherein the teeth, blades,
or tines therefor are moved or are movable relative to a driven
carrier portion thereof. |
| 541, | for rolling supports having movable mounted thereon
teeth, blades, tines, or the like which are movable to a position
in which the teeth, etc., are prevented from engaging the ground. |
| 543, | for rolling or rotating implements with spring teeth. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclasses 45+ for vehicle wheels having movable mounted thereon traction
increasing spurs or cleats. |
|
| | |
| 546 | With means for causing movement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 545. Apparatus in which means are provided for causing the movement
to take place.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 92+, | for similar devices wherein the rotating element
is positively driven from a power source. |
| 96, | for similar devices wherein the rotating element
is positively driven from a power source and the means for causing
movement is a spring. |
| 541, | for a moving means operable to prevent ground engagement
of the tines. |
| 544+, | for spring mounting or moving means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclasses 48 and 49 for vehicle wheels having traction increasing spurs
or cleats thereon, there being provided a means for alternately
projecting and retracting the spurs on cleats during each revolution
of the wheel. |
|
| | |
| 547 | With cleaning means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus with means for clearing earth from the projecting
elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 69, | for apparatus in which one earth working element
is definitely a driving means and is cleaned by another earth working
element which is driven by the first element as the apparatus is propelled
over the ground. |
| 546, | for a rolling, rotating, or orbitally moving element
having tines, blades, or the like in which the tines or blades are
cleaned by movement relative to the rotating support. |
| 558+, | for disc cleaning means. |
| 674+, | for earth working tool cleaning means in general. |
|
| | |
| 548 | Tooth or blade units on single axle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus in which there are a plurality of tooth, tine,
or blade units side by side on a common shaft or axle, each unit
comprising at least one blade, tooth, or tine and a hub portion. |
| | |
| 549 | Tooth or blade units angularly adjustable on axle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 548. Apparatus in which a means is provided on the tooth or blade
units or on the supporting axle therefor for adjusting the angular
disposition of the tooth or blade units relative to each other in a
circumferential direction about said axle.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjusting" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 109, | for ground-engaging teeth or blades adjustably mounted
on the peripheral surfaces of rotary tools, which tools are driven
about horizontally disposed, longitudinally extending axes. |
| 550, | for a rolling or rotating tool with adjustable teeth. |
|
| | |
| 550 | Tooth or blade adjustable on carrier : |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus wherein a tine, tooth, blade, or like projection
is adjustable on a rotatable carrier means.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. A device disclosed as comprising a tool driven about
a horizontal longitudinal axis and having adjustable teeth or blades
is classified in subclass 109 even if the drive means is not claimed. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 545+, | for a rolling or rotating tool in which the blades
or teeth change position during rotation. |
| 549, | for a rolling or rotating tool with plural, adjustable,
positioned tine units on a single axle. |
|
| | |
| 551 | Rolling tool spring biased into ground contact: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus in which the rolling implement is journaled in
a frame which frame is movably mounted on a main frame, there being
interposed between the two frames a resilient means for yieldably
urging the implement into ground contact.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 117, | for rotary-driven implements which are yieldably
mounted on a supporting frame. |
| 572, | for spring means to move a rolling or rotating tool
vertically. |
|
| | |
| 552 | Laterally extending bar or blade with skeleton support
(e.g., lawn mower type, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus in which a laterally extending bar or earth working
blade portion is held on a rotatable support by openwork or spaced
supporting means.
| | (1)
Note. The general appearance of these devices is usually very
similar to that of the conventional lawn mower. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 31, | for similar rolling earth working elements combined
with means for shifting surface material without soil disturbance
(e.g., combined with rake). |
| 121, | for driven earth working elements having laterally
extending blades or skeleton support. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclass 52 for vehicle wheels composed of two or more parallel
rims connected one to the other by cleats. |
|
| | |
| 553 | Toothed bar or blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 552. Apparatus in which the laterally extending blade portion
is provided with or formed of a number of spaced prongs, teeth,
notches, or the like ground-working projections. |
| | |
| 554 | Drum with axially spaced teeth or blades: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus which comprises a relatively large diameter drum
or roller-like member having axially spaced along the periphery
thereof a plurality of teeth, blades, cutters, or the like.
| | (1)
Note. The peripheral surface of the drum should be in ground
contact as distinguished from a small diameter supporting shaft
for teeth, blades, cutters or the like, which shaft would not be
in ground contact. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 122, | for a driven tool comprising a drum having teeth
or blades. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 29, | Metal Working,
subclasses 23.51 and 895.31 for apparatus and processes, respectively,
of making toothed cylinders. |
|
| | |
| 555 | Integral disk: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus in which the teeth or other configurations are
integral parts of a platelike member. |
| | |
| 556 | Tooth or blade axially clamped to hub face (e.g., hoe wheel
type, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Apparatus in which the teeth or blades are attached to a
generally thin wheel or hub-like rotary support by a locking or
clamping means which means itself extends, or exerts a clamping
force which extends, in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation
of said support.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclasses 44.1+ for vehicle wheels having detachably mounted thereon traction
increasing spurs or cleats. |
|
| | |
| 557 | Rim with spokes: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling or rotating earth working
element compreses a continuous rim supported by a plurality of spokes.
| | (1)
Note. Earth working elements such as press wheels, marker
wheels and the like are found in this subclass. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 539, | for a wheel or roller with a groove, rim, or disk. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclass 64.101 for a vehicle wheel in which the supporting portion between
the rim and the hub comprises a disk deformed or cut to simulate
in form or function the spokes of a conventional wheel. |
|
| | |
| 558 | With disk cleaning means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus comprising means to remove earth from a generally
circular plate like rolling or rotating earth working element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 168, | for a rolling or rotating tool for cutting or raising
a furrow slice and a nonrolling adjacent moldboard for receiving the
furrow slice and inverting or completing the inversion of the same. |
| 220, | for cleaning means for disks which are shifted for
opposite throw for alternate right or left hand operation, the cleaning
means being movable relative to the disk upon reversal of the disk. |
| 547, | for cleaners for rolling, rotating, or orbitally
moving earth working elements having tines, blades or other discontinuous
or angular periphery. |
| 606, | for cleaners for stationary-type implement. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 15, | Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, especially
subclasses 236.01+ , for disk cleaners which are not attachments on
earth working apparatus. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 855+ for vehicles having wheel scrapers or cleaners. |
|
| | |
| 560 | Cleaner for pair of converging disks: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 558. Apparatus in which earth is removed from a pair of platelike
members which converge towards each other and touch or are closely adjacent
at their convergent ends.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 575, | for converging touching disks. |
|
| | |
| 561 | Cleaners for opposite sides of disk: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 558. Apparatus in which the earth-removing means remove earth
from the opposite sides of a said platelike member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 560, | for converging discs having cleaners for opposite
sides of each disk. |
|
| | |
| 563 | Cleaners with common operator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 558. Apparatus comprising a plurality of earth-removing means
associated with a plurality of disks and means common to said plurality
of earth-removing means for moving them towards and away from the
disks. |
| | |
| 564 | Mounted on rock shaft: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 563. Apparatus in which the earth-removing means are each supported
on a common elongated shaft which is turned about its axis to move
the earth removing means. |
| | |
| 565 | Operating means moves parallel to disk gang axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 563. Apparatus in which the disks have a common axis or generally
parallel axes and the associated earth-removing means are moved
toward or away from the disks by a common operating means which
is movable in a direction generally parallel to the axis or axes
of the disks. |
| | |
| 567 | Disk gang and single disk on diverse axes: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling or rotating earth working
elements comprise a group of generally circular platelike members
each having the same axis of rotation and a single generally circular
platelike member having a different axis of rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 574+, | for plural disks mounted on individual axes. |
|
| | |
| 568 | Disk gang with movable or removable section: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling or rotating earth working
elements are generally circular platelike members each having the
same axis of rotation and operated as a unit in ordinary use, a
plurality of the platelike members which comprise a portion of the
unit being movable or removable as a whole with respect to the remaining
platelike members. |
| | |
| 569 | Disks pivoted on vertical axes with interconnected means
for moving them indentically: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling or rotating earth working
elements are generally circular platelike members said members being
parallel and mounted in an identical manner for pivotal movement
about vertical axes and means interconnecting them for moving them
about their axes, the movement of each member or cluster of members
about its axis being the same amount and direction as the movement
of each other member or cluster of members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 221+, | for an implement adapted to be alternated for right
or left hand operation by being shifted for an opposite throw, said
implement having plural disks shifted about individual vertical axes. |
| 576, | for plural disks mounted on individual axes and
provided with interconnected means for simultaneously adjusting
said discs. |
|
| | |
| 572 | Spring acts to move tool vertically: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 570. Apparatus in which a spring acts to move said earth working
elements vertically.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 551, | for a rolling tool having teeth, tines, or blades
and provided with spring means to urge the tool into ground contact. |
| 705+, | for spring means to move an earth working element
other than disk vertically. |
|
| | |
| 574 | Plural disks with individual mount or axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling or rotating earth working
element is generally a circular platelike member, and there are
a plurality of such members, each of which is disclosed as having an
individual axle or is disclosed as revolving about an individual
axis, at least in one position of adjustment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 685+, | for plural tools of the nonrolling type. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 164 for openers of this general type claimed in combination
with planters. |
|
| | |
| 575 | Touching disks: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 574. Apparatus in which two of said platelike members touch each
other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 560, | for touching disks provided with cleaning means. |
|
| | |
| 576 | With interconnected means for adjusting a plurality of
disks: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 574. Apparatus in which there are means for adjusting the platelike
members, said means for the different platelike members being interconnected
or having a common operator so as to influence each other.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjusting" see the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. Devices in which the platelike members, rigidly mounted
on the same support to move together, are not included in this definition.
The interconnection must be by a linkage or the like. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 569, | for plural disks pivoted on individual vertical
axes and provided with interconnected means for moving them identically. |
|
| | |
| 577 | Reversible group: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus comprising a plurality of earth working element,
handled as a unit, which unit is adapted to be turned to positions
180° apart from each other in plan view, for use in earth working
in either position (e.g., to throw the earth either to the right
or left).
| | (1)
Note. Many disk gangs are inherently reversible. For classification
under this definition a claim must make specific reference to the
reversible feature. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 219+, | for a group of rolling earth working elements movable
to reversed position by an actuating means comprising more than
a mere handle rigidly attached to the frame to be moved. |
| 254, | for devices which are changeable in function due
to rearrangement of earth working elements, but not including devices
as defined in subclass 577. |
| 702+, | for an earth working apparatus having a reversible
port other than a disk gang. |
|
| | |
| 578 | With wheel (not on motor vehicle): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus comprising a wheel, other than a traction wheel
forming a normal part of a self-propelled vehicle.
| | (1)
Note. For classification under this definition a claim must
positively refer to a wheel or some structure which necessarily
implies a wheel. A reference in a claim to a frame which might or
might not carry a wheel is not enough even though the frame is disclosed
as carrying a wheel. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 395+, | for rolling or rotating earth working elements associated
with wheels which are vertically adjustable with respect to their
running gear. |
| 440+, | for angled gangs of earth working elements liftable
as a unit with the mast of a mast-type hitch. |
| 454+, | for angled gangs of earth working elements liftable
as a unit for transport on a wheeled frame by means other than a
mast-type hitch. |
|
| | |
| 579 | Plural groups of disks: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling or rotating earth working
element is a generally circular platelike member and there are plurality
of groups or clusters of said members each group or cluster comprising
a subassembly of parts which is handled as a unit.
| | (1)
Note. A group is usually a gang of disks each rotating about
the same axis, the gang being handled as a unit in the apparatus.
The groups of disks, however, may be disclosed as involving disks
rotating on different axes. If the claim merely calls for groups
or gangs without detailing the different axes, the device is classfiable
under this definition. If the claim describes the mounting of the
disks on different axes in some detail, the patent would be classifiable
in subclasses 574+ if its disclosure warranted it, or in
other appropriate subclasses. | |
| | |
| 580 | Power operated actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 579. Apparatus comprising a power means for moving an implement
part to different positions relative to surrounding structure.
| | (1)
Note. Implements which are adjusted by means of the draft
force pulling the implement are not included, being classified in
appropriate subclasses below. The "power means" of
this definition comprises a servomotor or a power take off from
a wheel or motor. | |
| | |
| 581 | Groups changeable to different types of arrangements: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 579. Apparatus in which groups of said members are changeable
from one kind of arrangement to another, the change involving more
than mere vertical adjustment, horizontal angling, lateral, or longitudinal
adjustment which does not change the basic character of the arrangement.
| | (1)
Note. The different arrangement may be solely for the purpose
of changing the overall width of the device whereby it may be transported
through a narrow opening in a fence, along a roadway, or the like. |
| | (2)
Note. The same number of groups must appear in each arrangement
under this definition. For apparatus in which a group is added or
subtracted see subclass 253. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 568, | for different arrangements effected by moving or
removing a section of a gang. |
|
| | |
| 582 | With independent lateral adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 579. Apparatus comprising means for positioning groups of said
members at different lateral horizontal distances apart from each
other independently of the variation in spacing incidental to a
vertical motion or a horizontal angling movement. |
| | |
| 583 | Vertically adjustable group: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 579. Apparatus comprising means for adjusting a group of said
members or part thereof vertically.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjusting" see the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The group may be held in different positions by the
draft force on the implement. |
| | (3)
Note. The holding means may be an adjustable stop, holding
against movement in only one direction. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 440+, | for plural groups of disks liftable as a unit by
a mast-type hitch. |
| 454, | for plural groups of disks lifted by an actuator
as a unit for transport on a wheeled frame or broadly claimed implement. |
| 600, | for a single gang mounted for tilting and horizontal
angling adjustment. |
|
| | |
| 584 | Horizontally angularly adjustable group: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 579. Apparatus comprising means for adjusting a group of said
members in positions having a different angular relationship to
adjacent structure in plan view.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjusting" see the
class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The gang may be adjusted due to a draft force, such
as arises when making a turn or pulling the implement forward or pushing
it rearward, or due to manual adjustment. | |
| | |
| 586 | More than two laterally positioned groups: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 584. Apparatus in which there are more than two of said groups
in a lateral direction across the apparatus so that more than two
paths are formed in the ground.
| | (1)
Note. A rear group may overlap a front group to a very minor
extent in a lateral sense and still be considered to form a separate
path. Where, however, the overlap is of material length the groups
are considered tandem and classifiable in subclass 595 or 596. | |
| | |
| 587 | Groups laterally spaced and unaligned: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 584. Apparatus comprising at least two groups of disks arranged
in staggered relation with respect to each other on each side of
the center line of the apparatus (e.g., the axis of a group of disks
on one side of the center line does not intersect the center line
at the same point as the axis of a group of disks on the other side
of the center line). |
| | |
| 588 | Hitch longitudinally movable on tongue and groups abreast: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 584. Apparatus comprising a pair of said groups positioned abreast
of each other, a tongue member extending longitudinally of the line
of draft, means pivotally connecting the gangs to the tongue member,
a draft hitch means for connection to a propelling means, said hitch means
being mounted on and movable longitudinally with respect to said
tongue member, and means connecting the gangs to the hitch means
to swing or permit the gang to swing about their pivots when the
hitch means is moved relative to the tongue.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 414, | Material or Article Handling,
subclasses 435+ for motion or draft responsive load handling including movably
connected vehicle sections. |
|
| | |
| 589 | Turning connection offset from draft connection: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 584. Apparatus comprising a means attached to a tractor in addition
to the draft connection of the implement to the tractor and at a
point laterally spaced from the draft connection so that a turning
movement of the tractor causes a movement of a disc gang relative
to adjacent structure. |
| | |
| 590 | Latch responsive to tractor motion: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 589. Apparatus comprising a detent means holding two parts against
relative motion, which means is responsive to a movement of the
tractor hitched to the implement to release the detent. |
| | |
| 591 | With manual actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 584. Apparatus comprising an actuator powered by an attendant,
the operation of which moves a group or is effective to vary the
range of movement caused by some other means.
| | (1)
Note. The mere operation of a latch is not included. |
| | (2)
Note. See the class definition for the meaning of "actuator". | |
| | |
| 592 | Concentric controls: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 591. Apparatus in which there is a plurality of actuators, each
having a shaft, the shaft of one actuator being concentrically positioned
with respect to the shaft of another actuator. |
| | |
| 594 | Double tandem groups: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 591. Apparatus in which two groups are arranged substantially
abreast with their longitudinal axes on substantially the same laterally
extending line and two other similarly positioned groups are disposed
behind the first two groups and thereby work substantially the same
soil path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 592, | for horizontally, angularly adjustable double tandem
groups having concentric controls. |
|
| | |
| 595 | Double tandem groups: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 584. Apparatus comprising two groups positionable substantially
abreast with their longitudinal axes on substantially the same laterally
extending line and two other similarly positioned group, behind
the first two groups and working substantially the same soil path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 588, | for horizontally, angularly adjustable double tandem
groups wherein the adjusting means comprises a hitch, longitudinally
movable on the tongue of the apparatus. |
| 589+, | for horizontally, angularly adjustable double tandem
groups having a turning connection offset from the draft connection. |
| 594+, | for horizontally, angularly adjustable double tandem
groups provided with manual actuator-adjusting means. |
|
| | |
| 596 | Tandem groups: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 584. Apparatus comprising a front group and a rear group positioned
substantially directly in back of the front group and working substantially the
same soil path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 48+, | for power-driven earth working elements arranged
in tandem formation. |
| 589+, | for horizontally, angularly adjustable tandem gangs
having a turning connection offset from the draft connection. |
|
| | |
| 597 | Toggle joint between groups: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 596. Apparatus comprising two struts each directly pivoted to
a different group and directly pivoted to each other to form a toggle
joint between the groups. |
| | |
| 599 | Disk gang: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling or rotating earth working
element is a generally circular platelike member and there is a
plurality of said members each having a common axis of rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 574+, | for plural discs having individual mounts or axes. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 384, | Bearings,
subclass 157 for a plain bearing and 460 for an antifriction bearing
for a plow or colter disks which may include the bearing support. |
|
| | |
| 600 | Supported for tilting and horizontal angling adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 599. Apparatus in which the common axis is adjustable angularly
in plan view and is also adjustable angularly in an elevational
view.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 583, | for plural gangs supported for tilting adjustment. |
| 584+, | for plural gangs supported for horizontal angling
adjustment. |
| 603, | for a single disc which is horizontally, angularly
adjustable. |
| 742, | for a tool which is laterally adjustable about a
vertical axis. |
| 743, | for a tool which is laterally adjustable about a
longitudinal axis. |
|
| | |
| 601 | Disks rotatable relative to axle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 599. Apparatus in which the axis of rotation of the platelike
members extends along the center of a straight supporting shaft,
and the platelike members are rotatable relative to said shaft. |
| | |
| 602 | Single disk freely swayable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling or rotating earth working
tool is disclosed as a single, generally circular platelike member
which is mounted on a frame or frame standard for free swinging, arcuate
movement about a vertical axis whereby the member assumes or may
freely assume different angular positions relative to the direction
of draft as viewed in plan.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 748, | for a freely pivoting tool other than a disc. |
|
| | |
| 603 | Disk horizontally angularly changeable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling or rotating earth working
tool comprises a single, generally circular platelike member provided
with a means for adjusting such member on a frame in a different
angular relationship to adjacent structure as viewed in plan.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjusting" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 584+, | for a horizontally, angularly adjustable disc gang. |
| 742, | for a tool other than a disc which is laterally
adjustable about a vertical axis. |
|
| | |
| 604 | Detailed disk structure per se: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Apparatus in which the rolling or rotating element comprises
a generally circular platelike member of some specific structural
configuration.
| | (1)
Note. For classification under this definition a patent must
have a claim which contains some detailed description of the platelike
member. The detailed description may relate merely to the means
for fastening the plate to a bearing structure provided such means
is integral with the plate. A separate means for attachment to a
bearing, or the bearing or support structure, per se, is not included
under this definition. Thus, a patent with a claim reciting details
of a bearing and with merely a board reference to a disk is not
included. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 557, | for a disk with spokes. |
| 599+, | for disk gangs. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclasses 163+ for disk-type earth working tools claimed in combination
with planting machines. |
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclass 373 for a disc cutter for a roller- type earth boring
bit. |
| 301, | Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,
subclass 63.101 for vehicle wheels having the supporting portion between
the hub and the rim formed of a continuous or a deformed disk member. |
|
| | |
| 605 | SHIFTABLE HITCH MOVES TOOL RELATIVE TO FRAME: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a frame, a hitch carried by the frame
for connection to a propelling means, said hitch being movable with respect
to the frame, and earth working element movably carried by the frame
and means interconnecting the hitch and earth working element whereby
movement of the hitch with respect to the frame causes movement
of the earth working element with respect to the frame.
| | (1)
Note. This definition is intended to include devices in which
an earth working element has a normal earth working position and
is moved by the hitch after it has moved up from the normal position
on striking an obstacle. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 238, | for an implement comprising a ground support moved
vertically relative to the frame by a draft force. |
| 467, | an implement comprising a tool having vertical movement
caused by a shiftable hitch combined with an actuator adapted to
lift the tool for transport on a wheeled frame or broadly claimed
implement. |
| 588, | for an implement comprising laterally disposed disk
gangs which are horizontally angled by a hitch longitudinally movable
on a tongue. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 414, | Material or Article Handling,
subclasses 435+ for a draft responsive load handler and transporter. |
|
| | |
| 606 | WITH CLEANER: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means movable relative to an earth
working element or other part of the apparatus for cleaning said
earth working element or said other part of the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. An earth working element having means to reduce friction
(e.g., moldboard with rollers) is excluded. However, a nonearth
working part (e.g., standard) having a relatively movable part such
as a roller to prevent weeds, trash, or the like from collecting
thereon is included under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 39, | for an implement comprising a driven tool and a
cleaner spaced from the ground surface. |
| 66, | for a nondriven tool combined with a driven cleaner. |
| 183, | for laterally spaced rolling and nonrolling earth
working elements having a scissors or shearing action between adjacent
faces, usually to cut stalks, etc., from the nonrolling element. |
| 220, | for a reversible disk with a reversible scraper. |
| 236+, | for apparatus having a ground-engageable draft responsive
lever which may act to lift the implement off the ground to free
it from trash. |
| 461, | for apparatus having an implement liftable for transport
on a wheeled frame, the implement being movable with respect to
a cleaning means during lift. |
| 547, | for a rolling tool having circumferentially spaced
tines or blades and provided with cleaning means. |
| 558+, | for disk type rolling implements with disk cleaning
means. |
| 714+, | for earth working elements having parts relatively
movable during operation. |
| 755, | for moldboard-type implements in which the moldboard
is heated or lubricated to reduce friction. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 15, | Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, for general utility cleaning apparatus not confined
or limited to any particular industrial art. |
| 134, | Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, for the generic home for the separation or removal
of adherent dirt. |
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclass 313 for a mechanical cleaner for an earth boring bit
or cutter element. |
|
| | |
| 607 | Cleaner surrounds tooth: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 606. Apparatus in which the earth working element is in the form
of a vertically extending tooth, the cleaner comprising a member
which extends completely around the tooth, relative vertical movement
between the tooth and cleaner effecting the cleaning action. |
| | |
| 608 | Clearing roller: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 606. Apparatus comprising a freely rotatable nonearth working
member located at some point subject to the collection of material
(trash, weeds, etc.) said member rotating under the influence of
the material to clear the same from the apparatus. |
| | |
| 609 | For plural tools : |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 606. Apparatus including a plurality of earth working elements
and means to remove material from the surface of or from between
the elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 607, | for a plurality of teeth and cleaning means which
surrounds the teeth. |
|
| | |
| 610 | Scraper: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 606. Apparatus in which thecleaner comprises an element which
sweeps across the surface to be cleaned in scraping contact therewith
or closely adjacent thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 609, | for scrapers for plural tools. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 15, | Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, appropriate subclasses for general cleaning attachments
including scrapers, wipers, or brushes which cooperate with moving
surfaces of devices to remove material therefrom. |
|
| | |
| 611 | WITH WEIGHT: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a weight or means for holding or adjusting
a weight.
| | (1)
Note. Since any object has weight, apparatus is classified
in this subclass only when an element of the combination is specially
provided to add weight or hold a weight. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 525, | for implements having vertically extending teeth
rotatable about a substantially vertical axis, wherein a weight
is provided to tilt or cant the axis so that certain of the teeth
will engage the earth and cause the teeth to rotate about said axis. |
|
| | |
| 612 | FABRIC OR FLEXIBLE TOOL: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a flexible fabric, chain, cable, strand,
rope, or wire for engaging the earth.
| | (1)
Note. A flexible fabric may include a plurality of tooth members
each tooth or very small goup of teeth being joined to others by
pivoted links so as to act like a flexible chain or mat while in
earth working use. The fabric may also be a textile material or
a flexible metallic mesh or grating member. However, rigid bar members
of substantial length carrying a plurality of teeth and connected
by hinges or links to adjacent bars or supports are not included.
This structure is classified in subclasses 619+. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 519, | for a rolling tool having a flexible material rim
(e.g., rubber). |
|
| | |
| 613 | PLURAL RELATIVELY MOVABLE TOOLS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a plurality of earth working elements
or portions of a plurality of earth working elements which are movably related
to each other while remaining in the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. The distinction between an assemblage of parts comprising
one earth working element and an assemblage of parts comprising
a plurality of earth working elements is often difficult to make.
Generally when parts closely cooperate and are mutually interconnected
so as to be supported from the same standard they may comprise a
single earth working element, but parts on separate standards even
though connected to a single frame and each performing a like function
may be separate earth working elements. Common usage and the prior
placement of the art must also be considered. |
| | (2)
Note. This definition includes relatively adjustable tools
of the type where there is provided a frame or support having a plurality
of holes or notches, etc., to mount a plurality of tools in selective positions,
the individual tools necessarily having to be removed to be engaged in
another hole for adjustment purposes. For this simple-type adjustment
the tools are considered to remain in the apparatus when being adjusted.
However, apparatus of the type in which the relative position of
a plurality of tools is changed by a substantial disassembly and
assembly operation, such as frame sections carrying tools being
rearranged, is excluded from this definition. See subclasses 245+. |
| | (3)
Note. A plurality of earth working elements individually loosely
mounted, or spring mounted, or merely themselves being springs (such
as spring teeth) come under this definition since the elements will
move relatively to each other as the apparatus is drawn over the ground. |
| | (4)
Note. See the definition of "adjustable" in
the class definition. A plurality of earth working elements merely
clamped in position so that the position of each may be changed
by loosening the clamps and retightening are not included under this
definition (613). See search notes below for such devices. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 48+, | for plural driven tools. |
| 63+, | for a device comprising a driven tool and a nondriven
tool. |
| 133+, | for diverse tools. |
| 204+, | for implements alternating for right or left hand
operation. |
| 382, | for multiple-level tools for operating at different
depths in the soil. |
| 488+, | for tools carried on a wheeled frame having a single
actuator for lifting plural relatively movable tools. |
| 518+, | for rolling, rotating, or orbitally moving tools. |
| 685, | for plural relatively fixed tools. |
|
| | |
| 614 | Tool pivots on pivoted member when member moves: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus comprising an earth working element mounting member
pivoted on a frame or support, at least one earth working element mounted
on the member and being pivoted with respect thereto and means for
pivoting the element incident to pivotal movement of the member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 684, | for similar structure for single tools or for rigid
tool units. |
|
| | |
| 615 | Tools connected to parallel pivoted bars: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 614. Apparatus in which the earth working element mounting member
and the means for pivoting the earth working element comprise a
pair of spaced parallel bars both pivoted to the frame or support. |
| | |
| 618 | Tools assume different angularity for opposite draft: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus in which the earth working elements or tooth bars
pivot about a horizontal transverse axis to different working angles
when draft force is applied to the apparatus in opposite directions
and including means to limit the movement of the elements or tooth
bars to a particular angularity in both directions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 712, | for an earth working element which assumes different
working angles when drawn in opposite directions. |
| 777+, | for a narrow depending tool removably attached to
a scraper which assumes different angularity when drawn in opposite
directions. |
|
| | |
| 619 | Plural tool groups relatively vertically movable because
of operation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus comprising a plurality of groups of earth working
elements interconnected by means which permits one group to rise
and fall or pivot vertically as a unit with respect to another group
under the influence of the forces applied thereto during operation,
without intervention of an attendant.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes those groups of earth working
elements which are interconnected one to the other by means of loose
or flexible linkage whereby as disclosed a group may move vertically
a slight amount on encountering an obstacle or on traversing an uneven
or undulating terrain. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 643, | and 657+, for a plurality of single tools
which are individually mounted for vertical movement one relative
to the other during operation. |
|
| | |
| 620 | Parallel transverse tooth bars: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 619. Apparatus comprising a plurality of horizontal bars parallel
to one another and extending substantially transverse to the direction
of travel, the bars each carrying a plurality of earth working teeth,
the bars being so connected as to be individually capable of vertical
motion with respect to one another during operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 634+, | for a plurality of horizontal parallel tooth bars
which are angularly adjustable about their supporting axis, but which
bars are so mounted on a frame or interconnected one to the other
as to be incapable of independent vertical motion relative to each
other. |
|
| | |
| 621 | Spring biased bars: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 620. Apparatus in which the tooth bars are resiliently mounted
so that they may independently or simultaneously pivot or yield
against the action of a biasing means. |
| | |
| 622 | With actuator to vary inclination of teeth: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 620. Apparatus in which the angularity of the tooth bars may
be changed to vary the angle of the teeth in vertically longitudinal
planes and having actuating means to vary said angularity.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of actuating see "actuator" in
the class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The actuator may positively move the tooth bars in only
one direction with ground reaction force being relied upon to move
the bars in the opposite direction. | |
| | |
| 623 | Groups abreast and in tandem: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 619. Apparatus including two transversely aligned laterally spaced
earth working element groups with each said group having longitudinally aligned
therewith a trailing group, all of said groups being vertically
movable relative to one another. |
| | |
| 624 | Plural groups movably connected to forward transverse draft
bar: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 619. Apparatus in which the groups are movably connected to a
laterally extending bar or draft beam located ahead of the groups.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 623, | for groups of tools abreast and in tandem which
may also be connected to a forward transverse draft bar. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclass 411.1 for articulated vehicles of the type including
a leading vehicle and a plurality of laterally spaced trailing vehicles. |
|
| | |
| 624.5 | With parallelogram-type linkage: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 624. Apparatus in which the mechanism connecting the groups of
the bar or draft beam includes a plurality of vertically spaced
links, each pivoted at an end to the bar or draft beam and at its other
end to the tools, which links remain in parallel relationship to
each other as they move. |
| | |
| 628 | Similar groups arranged to form a triangular shape: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 619. Apparatus comprising a pair of laterally spaced transversely
aligned earth working element groups and a third earth working element
group longitudinally spaced from the first named groups, the longitudinally
center line of the third element group extending in a line between
the first two groups, all the groups being substantially similarly
shaped. |
| | |
| 629 | Three or more laterally spaced groups: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 619. Apparatus in which there are at least three earth working
element groups so disposed laterally one of the other that during
operation each group traverses a longitudinal path which is transversely
spaced from the path of the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 623, | for groups of tools abreast and in tandem which
may have three or more laterally spaced groups. |
| 624+, | for two or more groups of tools connected to a forward
transverse draft bar. |
|
| | |
| 631 | Groups movable about common longitudinal axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 619. Apparatus comprising adjacent earth working element groups
relatively pivotable about the same axis which extends substantially
in or parallel to the line of draft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 623, | for groups of tools abreast and in tandem which
may also be movable about a common longitudinal axis. |
| 627, | for groups of tools connected to each other for
relative vertical movement which movement may be about a common
longitudinal axis. |
|
| | |
| 633 | Group pivotal about intermediate transverse axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 619. Apparatus comprising a forward and a rearward group of earth
working elements said groups being relatively movable about a horizontal
axis disposed transversely of the apparatus intermediate the groups
in forward and rearward position of the groups.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 623, | for groups of tools abreast and in tandem which
may permit the tandem groups to pivot about an intermediate transverse
axis. |
|
| | |
| 634 | Parallel, pivotally adjusted tool bars: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus in which a plurality of parallel bars, each bar
carrying a plurality of earth working elements, are pivotally mounted,
the bars being selectively rotatable from one angular position of
adjustment to another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 390, | for apparatus having a plurality of spring tools
carried by parallel pivoted tooth bars and also having a wheel substitute
such as a runner. |
| 620+, | for parallel transverse tooth bars which are relatively
movable to each other during operation and which tooth bars may
also be pivotally adjustable. |
|
| | |
| 635 | With actuator: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 634. Apparatus including an actuator for pivoting one or more
of the bars.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition for the definition of "actuator". |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 390, | for apparatus having a plurality of spring tools
carried by parallel pivoted tooth bars and also having a wheel substitute
such as a runner, said bars usually having an actuator to pivot
said bars. |
| 622, | for similar structures in which the tooth bars are
each free to move vertically with respect to the others. |
|
| | |
| 638 | Gear: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 635. Apparatus in which the actuator comprises gearing. |
| | |
| 640 | Tool group pivotally adjustable about horizontal axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus under subclas 613 in which at least one earth
working element group is pivotally mounted on and selectively adjustable
as a unit about a horizontal axis to thereby adjust the position
of the earth working element group with respect to another earth
working element or earth working element group.
| | (1)
Note. See class definition meaning of "adjustable". |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 459+, | for tools lifted on a wheeled frame which are pivotal
about a longitudinal axis. |
|
| | |
| 641 | Beam spreader of the pivoted yoke type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus in which a pair of longitudinally extending earth
working element supporting beams are provided with a lateral adjustable means
comprising a yoke lying in a transverse vertical plane and in which
the yoke comprises a pair of arms pivoted to each other at one end and
having the other ends thereof interconnected to the element beams,
the arms being adjustable relative to each other about the pivot to
thereby spread the beams in a traverse direction relative to each
other.
| | (1)
Note. For meaning of "adjustable", see the
class definition. | |
| | |
| 642 | Pair of tools cooperate to move earth to or from plant
row: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus in which the earth engaging elements of a pair
are nonidentical or positioned in a nonidentical way so as to function
in a right and left handed manner in working the earth rather than
in an identical manner, the elements being arranged to operate on
opposite sides of a crop row for the purpose of simultaneously moving
soil onto or away from said row.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 70, | 71+ and 73, for pairs of nondriven earth
working elements which cooperate on opposite sides of a plant row
in a right and left hand manner and which are disposed forwardly
of or to the rear of a driven earth working element. |
| 159, | for laterally spaced right and left hand elements
with an intermediate symmetrical element. |
| 686, | for plural elements of the right and left hand type. |
|
| | |
| 643 | Spring formed tool or standard: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus in which the earth working element or the immediate
supporting means therefor is formed of resilient material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 389+, | for spring-tooth implements with wheel substitutes. |
| 624, | for a spring-formed standard mounted on a rotating
carrier. |
| 627, | for spring teeth mounted on a rotating carrier. |
| 634+, | for parallel, pivotally adjusted tooth bars which
may have spring-formed elements mounted thereon. |
| 707+, | for single-spring earth working elements. |
|
| | |
| 644 | Tools longitudinally adjustable to and from transverse
alignment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus in which a plurality of earth working elements
is mounted on a frame for relative movement toward and away from
each other in the direction of draft whereby in a single manipulation
such elements may be moved from a fore-and-aft spaced position to
a position in which all of said elements are in transverse alignment. |
| | |
| 645 | Tools relatively adjustable horizontally without causing
vertical displacement: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus comprising earth working elements mounted on a
support or frame which are capable of being adjustable relative
to each other in a horizontal sense, without simultaneously disturbing
their position in a vertical sense relative to said support or frame.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. There may be a positive means provided for precluding
relative vertical movement of the elements while they are moved
horizontally or the elements may simpy be so mounted that they can
be relatively moved horizontally without simultaneously causing
veritcal displacement of said elements. For example, this definition
would include those devices in which loosening of an element securing
means permits both a relative vertical and horizontal displacement,
since an operator could manually preclude vertical displacement of
said elements while moving the same horizontally, relative one to
the other. Also, this definition includes tools which are removed
from one position and remounted in a horizontally spaced position
so long as the tool in its new position can retain the same relative
vertical position. (Also see (2) Note under subclass 613). | |
| | |
| 646 | Laterally adjustable tools, independently free to move
vertically: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 645. Apparatus in which the earth working elements are adjustable
in a lateral direction and each earth working element is capable
of free vertical movement independently of the other.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. Movement against a spring- biasing means is considered
to be free movement under this definition. However, selective adjustment
from one fixed position to another is not considered to be free
movement. | |
| | |
| 647 | Tools simultaneously adjustable about their individual,
spaced vertical axes: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 645. Apparatus comprising a plurality of earth working elements
each being adjustable about spaced vertical axes which coincide
with the vertical axes of the earth working elements or element
standards, said elements being interconnected so as to partake of
concurrent movement about said axes when adjusted.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 221, | for alternating right or left hand tools which are
simultaneously shifted about individual vertical axes. |
| 576, | for disk earth working elements which are simultaneously
shifted about individual axes. |
| 614+, | for tools which are simultaneously adjusted about
their individual vertical axes as the axes are moved laterally. |
|
| | |
| 648 | Collapsible lazy tong group: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 645. Apparatus in which the earth working elements or element-supporting
bars are pivotally joined together to form a diamond shape, opposite apices
of said diamond being capable of movement toward or away from each
other. |
| | |
| 649 | Tool groups relatively horizontally adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 645. Apparatus in which groups of earth working elements are
relatively adjustable as units in a horizontal sense without disturbing
their position in a vertical sense.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 650 | Also vertically adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 649. Apparatus in which there is a group of earth working elements
adjustable in a vertical sense, said adjustment being capable of
occurring at a time different than the horizontal movement of this
or some other group.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 651 | Group pivoted about vertical axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 649. Apparatus in which the relatively movable earth working
element groups are adjustably connected one to the other or a group
is adjustably connected to a supporting frame by vertically extending
pivot means whereby such group may be rotated about said pivot means.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustably" see "adjustable" in
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 647, | for a plurality of earth working elements simultaneously
pivoted about individual vertical axes. |
|
| | |
| 652 | V-shaped: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Apparatus in which the two groups of elements are disposed
in converging relation to form a substantially V-shaped implement
when viewed in plan.
| | (1)
Note. The adjustment may include moving the groups from a
forwardly converging relation to a rearwardly converging relation. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 254, | for groups of tools which are rearranged by disassembly
and reassembly. |
| 648, | for groups of earth working elements arranged to
form a diamond in which two of the opposite apices of the diamond
are movable toward and away from each other. |
|
| | |
| 653 | Nested: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Apparatus in which the groups of earth working elements
are so disposed as to form two V-shaped implements in plan view
with the vertex of each V pointing in generally the same direction
and the vertex of one V lying between the arms of the other V. |
| | |
| 654 | Main central beam, tools laterally adjustable relative
thereto: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 645. Apparatus in which the earth working elements are mounted
on opposite sides of a central longitudinal beam for lateral adjustment
with respect thereto.
| | (1)
Note. The central beam must extend substantially between the
earth working portion of the earth working elements. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 649+, | for tool groups which may be adjustable relative
to a main central beam. |
| 741+, | for a single earth working element which is laterally
adjustable. |
|
| | |
| 655 | Tool adjustable vertically and laterally: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 645. Apparatus in which an earth working element is capable of
both vertical and lateral adjustment with respect to the element-
supporting frame.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 476+, | for a tool mounted on a wheeled frame said tool
having an actuator for vertical adjustment and which tool is also
laterally adjustable. |
| 650, | for tool groups which are adjustable horizontally
and vertically. |
|
| | |
| 656 | Tool laterally adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 645. Apparatus in which the earth working elements can be selectively
laterally adjustable with respect to each other.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 642, | for pairs of earth working elements which are laterally
adjustable. |
| 649+, | for groups of tools which are laterally adjustable. |
| 654, | for earth working elements which are laterally adjustable
with respect to a main central beam. |
| 655, | for earth working elements which are adjustable
vertically and laterally. |
| 741+, | for a single earth working element laterally adjustable. |
|
| | |
| 657 | Relatively movable because of operation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus in which the earth working elements are capable
of independent movement relative to each other as a result of the
operation thereof in the soil.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 612, | for fabric or flexible earth working elements such
as drags including an earth working element having spaced individual
or small groups of teeth where each tooth or small group of teeth
may move vertically with respect to each other tooth or group during
operation. |
| 619+, | for groups of tools which are relatively movable
during operation. |
| 643, | for implements having spring-formed tools or standards
which tools because of their resiliency are relatively movable during
operation. |
| 644, | for tools which are longitudinally adjustable to
and from transverse alignment and which may also be relatively movable
during operation. |
| 646, | for tools which are laterally adjustable and independently
free to move vertically. |
|
| | |
| 659 | Adjustable about spaced horizontal axes: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus in which the plural earth working elements are
separately mounted for pivotal movement from one position of adjustment
to another about independent-spaced horizontally disposed axes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 739, | for a single earth working element adjustable about
a horizontal transverse axis. |
|
| | |
| 660 | Concurrent adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 659. Apparatus in which the earth working elements are so interconnected
one to the other that pivotal adjustment of one element will cause
a simultaneous adjustment of the others. |
| | |
| 661 | Vertically translatable tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus in which the plural earth working elements are
mounted on a frame or support means and at least one of said elements
is individually selectively translatable from one vertical position
to another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 650, | for groups of tools which are horizontally and vertically
adjustable. |
| 655, | for tools adjustable vertically and laterally. |
| 744, | for a single earth working element vertically adjustable. |
|
| | |
| 662 | Tool movable to non-use position: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus in which the earth working elements are mounted
on a supporting frame and one or more of said elements are so related
thereto as to be capable of movement from an earth working position
to a rest position, for example, to change the spacing between adjacent
elements or to enable transport of the frame over the earth.
| | (1)
Note. Since almost any vertical adjustment may be continued
far enough to result in a movement to transport position this definition
is limited to those devices in which some means is shown for adjusting
or holding the element in transport position other than a mere vertical-adjusting
means such as is intended to adjust the vertical working position
of the tool in the ground. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 204+, | for an apparatus comprising elements alternating
for right or left hand operation. |
|
| | |
| 663 | WITH ACTUATOR: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an actuator for adjusting some part
of the apparatus.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition for the definition of "actuator". |
| | (2)
Note. A latch or lock operator which does not adjust some
part of the apparatus is not included under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 2+, | for power actuators which are automatically controlled. |
| 224+, | for actuators for implements rotatable about a longitudinal
axis for right or left hand operation. |
| 263, | for an actuator which is released when an earth
working element shifts due to an overload. |
| 278+, | for an actuator for changing the horizontal angle
of the axis of rotation of a wheel. |
| 293+, | for power-actuating means for sequentially operating
a plurality of like implement parts. |
| 297+, | for an actuator to adjust an implement mounted forward
of the rear of a self-propelled vehicle. |
| 315+, | for an actuator on an implement which is controlled
from a propelling vehicle. |
| 317+, | for an actuator on a vehicle for relatively moving
parts of a trailing implement. |
| 321, | for an actuator on a vehicle for moving a wheeled
implement. |
| 322, | for an actuator for rocking an implement about a
wheel axis. |
| 324+, | for an actuator for moving a draft member laterally
or vertically on a wheeled frame. |
| 395+, | for an actuator for vertically adjusting a wheel
relative to a frame. |
| 439+, | for mast-type hitches (e.g., 3 point hitch) with
actuating means to adjust the hitch. |
| 452+, | for an actuator for raising and lowering an implement
on a wheeled frame and being capable of lifting the implement out
of ground contact for transport. |
| 613+, | an actuator for changing the position of a plurality
of relatively movable tools. |
| 781+, | for an actuator for moving a scraper mounted between
the front and rear ground supports of a vehicle. |
| 810+, | for an actuator to move an implement mounted ahead
of a motor vehicle. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclasses 208+ for means for adjusting the position of a harvester
platform relative to the ground. |
| 60, | Power Plants,
subclasses 325+ for hydraulic servomotors operated by a pump. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 44 for unearthing devices with a power means to shift
a part. |
|
| | |
| 664 | For relatively movable earth engaging parts: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Apparatus comprising an earth working element having a plurality
of earth-engaging portions movable relative to one another and an actuator
for relatively moving the portions.
| | (1)
Note. The plurality of earth-engaging portions may be different
soil-working portions or may include a runner or depth gauge. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 613+, | for plural, relatively adustable distinct tools. |
| 714+, | for plural tool or earth engaging parts relatively
movable during operation. |
| 736+, | for relatively adjustable tool or earth engaging
parts. |
| 811+, | for an actuator for relatively adjustable earth-engaging
parts of an elongated blade mounted ahead of a motor vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 665 | Tool and runner: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 664. Apparatus wherein the relatively movable parts comprises
an earth working portion and a member adapted to slide on the ground
to act as a runner or depth gauge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 240+, | for apparatus having a wheel or runner engageable
with the ground for transport only. |
| 387+, | for implements provided with runners spaced from
the tools and see the definition and Notes thereof for the line. |
| 729, | for symmetrical tools having a relatively adjustable
runner or gauge. |
| 738, | for tools having a relatively adjustable runner
or gauge. |
| 764, | for tools having a runner or depth gauge separate
from the standard. |
|
| | |
| 666 | For adjustment about longitudinal axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Apparatus comprising an actuator for positioning an implement
about an axis which is substantially horizontal and extends in the direction
of travel.
| | (1)
Note. For meaning of "actuator" see class
definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 225, | for actuating means for rotating right and left
hand implements about a longitudinal axis. |
| 459+, | for implements liftable for transport on a wheeled
frame and being pivoted about a longitudinal axis. |
| 673, | for laterally adjustable tools mounted on a wheeled
frame. |
|
| | |
| 667 | For lateral adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Apparatus comprising an actuator for positioning an implement
transversely with respect to the line of travel.
| | (1)
Note. For meaning of "actuator" see class
definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 305, | for implements located forward of the rear of a
self-propelled vehicle and having an actuator for lateral adjustment. |
| 324+, | for actuating means for moving a draft member laterally
or vertically or a trailing wheeled implement. |
| 476+, | for implements liftable for transport on a wheeled
frame and also laterally adjustable. |
| 507, | for an actuator for laterally moving a ground support
(e.g., wheel) relative to an implement frame. |
| 673, | for laterally adjustable tools mounted on a wheeled
frame. |
| 741, | for laterally adjustable tools not having an actuator. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 47 for an actuator for laterally shifting an unearthing
unit on its support. |
|
| | |
| 668 | For vertical adjustment with respect to wheeled frame: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Apparatus comprising a wheel carrying frame, an implement
connected thereto and an actuator for vertically positioning the
implement or some part rigid therewith with respect to the wheeled
frame.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "actuator" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 452, | for similar devices in which the actuator is also
capable of lifting the implement entirely off the ground for transport
on the wheeled frame. |
| 675, | for vertically adjustable tools mounted on a wheeled
frame. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 141 for an actuator for lifting or tilting an unearthing
apparatus. |
|
| | |
| 669 | WITH WHEEL; OR SUPPORTED ON WHEEL FRAME OR BROADLY CLAIMED
IMPLEMENT: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an implement with a ground wheel or
supported on a vehicle other than by a mere articulated hitch so
that the vehicle carries a substantial portion of the weight of
the implement rather than merely serving to pull it over the ground.
| | (1)
Note. Where the disclosure shows a framework having a wheel
or wheels and an earth working element attached to the framework
so that it can be supported thereby in nonearth working position
the claim is classifiable under this definition if it recites the
framework even if it does not call for the wheel. |
| | (2)
Note. The support of the implement contemplated in the second
part of the definition must be such that the implement would be
held in substantially working position by the vehicle even if the ground
did not support the implement or can be held off the ground by the
vehicle. |
| | (3)
Note. Where a wheel is not carried on a wheel frame (as a
tractor) but is merely supported directly on the implement (as a
gauge wheel on a plow beam) then the wheel must be claimed for the
patent to be classifiable under this definition. |
| | (4)
Note. The wheel under the first portion of this definition
must be capable of carrying a portion of the vertical load of the implement.
Wheels or rollers rotatable on a vertical or substantially vertical
axis and acting as a rotary landside are excluded. See subclass
715 for such devices. |
| | (5)
Note. The "vehicle" in this definition may
be a broadly claimed implement supporting another implement. See
(4) Note in subclass 133. The implements must be disclosed as related
in a manner appropriate for a vehicle-carried implement. A disclosure
of a specifically claimed implement supported on a shank of a broadly
claimed implement would be classifiable in subclasses 681+. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 17, | for a lawn edger with a wheel. |
| 35+, | for apparatus comprising a driven tool mounted on
a wheeled frame. |
| 90, | for an implement comprising an irregular ground-engaging
wheel for giving a tool a cyclical motion. |
| 126+, | for an earth marker carried on a broadly claimed
implement. |
| 204+, | for alternating tools carried on vehicles. |
| 240+, | for an implement with a ground support engageable
with the ground for transport only. |
| 255, | for a vehicle mounting a tool which is lifted off
or lowered into the ground on turning. |
| 256+, | for a propulsion unit guided by a walking attendant
or part of an articulated vehicle. |
| 272+, | for means for facilitating mounting of an implement
on a motor vehicle. |
| 278+, | for an implement with wheel steering or actuator
for horizontally angling a wheel axis. |
| 297+, | for a tool mounted forward of the rear of a motor
vehicle. |
| 321, | for an actuator on a vehicle for moving a wheeled
implement. |
| 322+, | for an actuator for rocking a tool about a wheel
axis. |
| 324, | for an implement comprising an actuator on a wheeled
frame for moving hitch means laterally or vertically. |
| 332+, | for an implement mounted on a wheeled frame and
manipulated and held in position by an attendant. |
| 354+, | for an implement with a wheel guided or propelled
by a walking attendant. |
| 383+, | for an implement with a wheel having an axis of
rotation which is lockable or angularly adjustable. |
| 387+, | for an implement with a wheel substitute. |
| 395+, | for an implement with a ground support vertically
adjustable relative to the frame. |
| 452+, | for an apparatus comprising an actuator adapted
to lift an implement for transport on a wheeled frame or broadly
claimed implement. |
| 507, | for an implement with a ground support movable horizontally. |
| 518+, | for a rolling tool, especially subclass 578 for
an apparatus comprising a rolling tool and a wheel (not on a motor
vehicle). |
| 780, | and 781+, for a scraper mounted between
the front and rear wheels of a vehicle. |
| 810+, | for a tool mounted ahead of a vehicle. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 104, | Railways,
subclass 244.1 for furrow followers for guiding a vehicle along the
furrow. |
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 140 for an unearthing unit provided with a gauge runner
or wheel, subclass 143 for wheeled chassis. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles, appropriate subclasses for wheeled vehicles, and
subclasses 80.1+ for a wheeled vehicle with special reference to
that portion of the vehicle which is directly concerned in enabling
it to be moved along the surface. |
| 492, | Roll or Roller,
subclasses 9+ for a roll, per se, not elsewhere provided for,
having measuring, testing, or indicating means. |
|
| | |
| 670 | All wheels on one side of tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 669. Apparatus having one or more wheels and one or more earth
working elements, all of the wheels being positioned on the same
side of all of the earth working elements transversely of the line
of draft.
| | (1)
Note. For classification in this subclass the disclosure must
show the defined arrangement. A patent disclosing wheels on both
sides of an earth working element does not come under the definition even
if only one wheel is claimed. | |
| | |
| 671 | Mounted on single longitudinal beam in tool path: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 669. Apparatus in which the frame is disclosed as comprising
a single longitudinal beam, an earth working element connected to
the beam and at least one wheel connected thereto and traveling in
the same path as the earth working element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 310+, | for plural wheeled implements, which may comprise
plural beams each with its own wheel. |
| 676, | for a tool and wheel following the same path. |
|
| | |
| 672 | Wheel secured to tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Apparatus wherein the wheel or wheels are secured directly
to an earth-engaging portion of the earth working element. |
| | |
| 673 | Laterally adjustable tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 669. Apparatus wherein the earth working implement is selectively
transversely adjustable with relation to the wheel frame.
| | (1)
Note. For meaning of "adjustable" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 476+, | for laterally adjustable tools on a wheeled frame
which have an actuator for lifting the tools. |
| 666, | and 667, for laterally adjustable tools on a wheeled
frame provided with an actuator for effecting the adjustment. |
|
| | |
| 674 | With bracket to hold tool off ground: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 699. Apparatus wherein the frame is provided with bracket means
for supporting the earth working implement in nonearth working position.
| | (1)
Note. See subclass 344 for arched wheeled-frame cultivators
provided with an implement support bracket for transport. | |
| | |
| 675 | Vertically adjustable tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 669. Apparatus wherein the earth working element is selectively
vertically adjustable with relation to the wheeled frame.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 452+, | for tools vertically movable to transport position
on a wheeled frame provided with an actuator for raising and lowering
the tools. |
| 668, | for vertically adjustable tools on a wheeled frame
provided with an actuator for effecting such adjustment. |
|
| | |
| 676 | Tool follows wheel path: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 669. Apparatus wherein an earth working element follows in the
wheel path, and is adapted to work the ground disturbed or compacted
by the wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 344, | for arched wheel-frame implements provided with
brackets for holding the tools in nonuse position. |
|
| | |
| 677 | WITH DRAFT DETAIL: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising some detail of the means for hitching
an implement to a separate propelling means, or to another implement,
the hitch being of the type premitting some freedom of movement
between the propelling means and the apparatus while the apparatus
is being moved over the earth to perform its earthworking function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 7+, | for draft responsive automatic power control. |
| 76+, | for an implement with a driven tool and ground support
hitched to a vehicle by an articulated connection. |
| 204+, | for implements alternating for right or left hand
operation and having various hitch details. |
| 238, | for a ground support moved vertically relative to
a frame by draft force. |
| 239, | for an implement with draft, pitch, or ground-level
responsive depth control. |
| 248, | for apparatus convertible or changeable to different
types of hitch. |
| 257, | for a propulsion unit which is part of an articulated
vehicle. |
| 261+, | for hitches involving overload shifting. |
| 272+, | for means to facilitate mounting an implement on
a vehicle. |
| 282+, | for a trailing implement with a wheel responding
to turning movement of a propelling means. |
| 315+, | for an actuator on a trailing implement controlled
from a propelling vehicle. |
| 317+, | for an actuator on a vehicle for relatively moving
parts of a trailing implement. |
| 321, | for an actuator on a vehicle for moving a wheeled
implement. |
| 324+, | for an actuator on a trailing ground- supported
frame for moving the draft means laterally or vertically. |
| 332, | for implements manipulated with respect to a mounting
frame, the frame usually trailing behind a propelling animal or
a tractor. |
| 351+, | for an implement guided by a walking attendant and
having a hitch. |
| 439+, | for a mash-type hitch. |
| 452+, | for a hitch comprising an actuator adapted to lift
a tool for transport on a wheeled frame or broadly claimed implement. |
| 588, | for horizontally, angularly adjustable groups of
disks with a hitch longitudinally movable on a tongue. |
| 605, | for an apparatus comprising a shiftable hitch moving
a tool relative to a frame. |
| 618, | for implements which assume different angularity
for opposite draft. |
| 624+, | for plural tool groups movably connected to a forward
transverse draft bar. |
| 630, | for tool groups pivoted to opposite sides of a longitudinally
draft bar. |
| 810+, | for a tool hitched ahead of a motor vehicle. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 278, | Land Vehicles: Animal Draft Appliances, appropriate subclasses, for that portion of a vehicle
or broadly claimed earth working implement by means of which the
pull of draft animals is utilized to move the apparatus over the
ground. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 400+ for hitches between articulated vehicles. |
|
| | |
| 678 | Spring biased hitch: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 677. Apparatus including resilient means which is yieldable during
operation in response to movement of the implement with respect
to the hitching means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 239, | for hitching means comprising complex linkages having
springs to provide draft, pitch, or ground-level responsive depth
control. |
| 264+, | for implements which may shift upon overload and
provided with a spring return. |
| 705+, | for spring-biased tools. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 483+ for articulated vehicles wherein the connection
therebetween is resiliently biased in at least one direction. |
|
| | |
| 679 | Adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 677. Apparatus wherein the means for hitching the implement to
the propelling means is adjustable with respect to either the implement
or the propelling means.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 680 | Vertical: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Apparatus wherein the means for hitching the implement to
the propelling means is adjustable in a vertical sense.
| | (1)
Note. For meaning of "adjustable" see the
class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 396, | for a vertically adjustable or selectively lockable
hitch combined with a vertically adjustable ground support. |
|
| | |
| 681 | TOOL, STANDARD OR CONNECTION: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising earth working elements, standards (i.e.,
a generally vertically extending member to which the earth working element
is connected and which is in turn connected to a frame or beam member),
or miscellaneous joints and connections between parts of an earth
working apparatus not otherwise provided for.
| | (1)
Note. Patents included herein may disclose and/or
claim a tool, standard, or connection, "per se," or
that combined with a frame. |
| | (2)
Note. Patents which are limited by disclosure or claims to
a hand held tool of the type classifiable in subclasses 371+ are
classified there even if only the earth working portion of the tool
is claimed. |
| | (3)
Note. Frames, per se, for earth working elements which may
include a plurality of joints, are not included. See subclass 776
for such apparatus. |
| | (4)
Note. Included under this definition are (1) a joint between
earth working portions, (2) a joint between a non-earth working
portion and an earth working portion if the claim includes some
detail of significance in the earth working function (such as the
shape of the earth contacting part), (3) plural joints between portions
of an earth working apparatus and (4) a joint of special utility in
earthworking such as a spring-biased joint. A joint between nonearth
working portions and a joint between a nonearth working portion
and an earth working portion identified as such by name only except
for the parts related to the joint are classified in the appropriate
class devoted to joints of general utility. See especially Class
403, Joints and Connections, subclasses 58+ for the joint between
a standard and a beam and the joint between a standard and an earth working
element. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 35+, | for driven tools. |
| 133+, | for diverse tools. |
| 261+, | for an apparatus permitting shifting of a part on
occurrence of an overload. |
| 272+, | for means to facilitate the mounting of an implement
on a motor vehicle. |
| 371+, | for hand tools. |
| 382, | for multiple level tools. |
| 518+, | for rolling, rotating, or orbitally moving tools. |
| 766, | for miscellaneous nonwheeled frames for earth working
elements in which the earth working elements are not claimed and
including those in which a joint or connection between parts thereof
is specifically claimed. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclasses 327+ for an earth-boring bit or bit element. |
|
| | |
| 683 | Latched in earth working position: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus comprising an earth working element held in earth
working position by a detent means readily operated by an attendant
so that after release of the detent the earth working element assumes
a position offering less resistance to a draft force propelling
it over the ground.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 261+, | for implements which are latched in position, the
latch being released upon overload to permit the implement to shift. |
| 481, | for tools adapted to be lifted for transport on
a wheeled frame by an actuator which has a latch means separate from
the actuator for holding the tool in position relative to the frame. |
| 494, | for a tool and an actuator for lifting it for transport,
the tool being held in position by a toggle. |
| 529+, | for intermittently rolling implements with latch
means to stop the rotation. |
|
| | |
| 684 | Tool pivots on member when member moves: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus comprising a movable implement mounting member,
an earth working element mounted thereon and being pivoted with respect
thereto and means for pivoting the element incident to the movement
of the member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 222, | for a plurality of reversible implements pivoted
about vertical axes upon a movable member, the implements being
pivoted about their axes upon movement of the member. |
| 439+, | for mast-type hitches. |
| 614+, | for a plurality of tools which pivot upon a movable
member when the member is moved. |
|
| | |
| 684.5 | Frame-supported blade, scraper, or smoother drawn by vehicle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus having at least one earth working element mounted
on a frame which is wholly or partly supported either on skids,
a part of the frame, or by the element itself, and which is adapted
to be dragged behind a towing vehicle, and wherein the element has
either (a) a substantially vertical working surface adapted to strike
off or level the earth, or (b) a substantial area adapted to contact
the earth in a horizontal direction to compact or smooth the earth.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 4.5, | for a scraper which is automatically power-controlled
for leveling. |
| 26.5+, | for a dragline scraper. |
| 72, | for a driven tool followed by a leveling drag or
furrow shaper. |
| 189, | and 612, for flexible implements including flexible
matlike drags. |
| 197, | and 199+, for diverse tools, one of which
comprises a drag or smoother. |
| 777, | for a scraper supporting a narrow depending tool.
779, for a scraper whose position is controlled by a linkage for
leveling. |
| 780, | and 781+, for a scraper between front and
rear vehicle supports. |
| 799.5, | for a towed scraper on a wheel-supported frame. |
| 810+, | for a scraper ahead of a motor vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 685 | Plural tools: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus comprising a plurality of spaced earth working
elements.
| | (1)
Note. A device comprising earth working elements all attached
to an earth working portion is considered a unitary earth working
means and does not come under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 133+, | for a plurality of tools of different types. |
| 310+, | for plural wheeled implements. |
| 378+, | for hand tools having plural prongs or teeth. |
| 518+, | for plural rolling tools and especially subclasses
574+ for plural disks with individual mounts. |
| 613+, | for plural relatively movable tools. |
| 786+, | for plural scrapers, at least one of which is between
the front and rear ground supports of a vehicle. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclasses 84+ for diggers comprising a plurality of spaced digging
elements. |
|
| | |
| 686 | Right and left hand type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 685. Apparatus in which the earth-engaging elements of a pair
are nonidentical or positioned in a nonidentical way so as to function
in a right and left handed manner in working the earth rather than
in an identical manner, i.e., the elements are so constructed and
located as to be mirror images of each other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 159, | for right and left hand tools with an intermediate
symmetrical tool. |
| 204+, | for alternately usable right and left hand-type
tools. |
| 642, | for right and left hand tools which are adjustable
with respect to each other. |
|
| | |
| 687 | Longitudinally spaced rows: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 685. Apparatus having a plurality of rows of earth working elements
(at least three elements to the row) extending transversely of the
line of travel and traveling generally one behind the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 379, | for hand tools having plural rows of prongs or teeth. |
|
| | |
| 688 | Staggered: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 687. Apparatus in which the elements of one row are disposed
to travel in the space not traversed by the elements in an adjacent
row. |
| | |
| 689 | Closed geometrically shaped frame: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 685. Apparatus in which the earth working elements are mounted
at spaced intervals around a frame forming in plan view a geometric
figure having a closed perimeter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 648, | for a diamond-shaped frame having tools carried
by each of the sides thereof, the opposite apices of the diamond
being adjustable toward and away from one another. |
|
| | |
| 690 | V-shaped frame: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 685. Apparatus in which the earth working elements are mounted
on two elongated members that are connected at one end and divergent
or convergent in a horizontal plane in the direction of the line
of travel. |
| | |
| 691 | Mounted on transverse or oblique tool bar: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 685. Apparatus in which the earth working elements are mounted
on a horizontal beam the general extent of which is in a direction
substantially 90° to the direction of travel or in a direction that
is angular to the direction of travel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 777+, | for narrow tools which depend from a scraper and
are removably attached thereto. |
|
| | |
| 693 | Oblique bar: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 691. Apparatus in which the general extent of the beam is in
a direction that is at an angle to the direction of travel other
than 90°. |
| | |
| 694 | Laterally spaced tools: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 685. Apparatus having earth working elements which are mounted
so as to be spaced with respect to each other in a direction laterally
of the line of travel so as to travel in different paths. |
| | |
| 695 | Tools in echelon (3 or more): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 694. Apparatus wherein three or more earth working elements are
aligned in a direction at an angle other than 90° with
respect to the line of travel. |
| | |
| 698 | Tool with laterally spaced standards: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus comprising an earth working element supported
at laterally spaced points so as to resemble a U in front elevation.
| | (1)
Note. The elements may extend laterally beyond the standards
and the number of standards may exceed two. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 19+, | for sod cutters which may have an earth working
element supported at laterally spaced points so as to resemble a
U in front elevation. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclasses 302 and 303 for stump and stone-type excavators which
may be in the form of a U in front elevation for undercutting a stump
or stone to facilitate removal thereof. |
|
| | |
| 699 | Subsoilers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus comprising an earth working element specifically
disclosed as working deep in the soil and having such a configuration
that it merely lifts the soil and does not shift it laterally of
the line of draft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 19+, | for sod cutters having a horizontal blade for cutting
below the surface of the soil. |
| 196, | for subsoilers combined with a diverse-type tool,
usually a moldboard plow. |
| 720, | for subsurface blades for cutting below the surface
of the soil without displacing the soil laterally. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclass 370 for mole plows for forming a defined opening or
passage below the surface of the soil, e.g., for drainage. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 123 for a chisel type furrow opener claimed in combination
with liquid or gas soil treatment; and subclass 156 for a chisel opener
claimed in combination with a planting machine. |
|
| | |
| 700 | With separate vertically spaced earth working portion attached
to same standard: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 699. Apparatus wherein a subsoil earth working element is secured
to the lower end of a standard to work the earth below the surface,
and a separate earth working element is attached to the same standard
and spaced vertically above the subsoil earth working element to
work the earth adjacent the surface of the ground.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 196, | for a plurality of distinct, different-type tools
mounted on separate standards one of which is a subsoiler. |
|
| | |
| 701 | Ridgers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which a single earth working element is adapted
to move soil transversely from opposite directions to form a hill
or ridge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 176, | for a furrowing or ridging implement followed by
a furrow or ridge roller. |
| 686, | for separate tools of the right and left hand type. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting, appropriate subclasses for ridgers combined with
planting means. |
|
| | |
| 701.1 | Tool is transversely elongated blade (e.g., bulldozer): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus wherein the earth working element has a vertical,
generally planar earth working portion extended in its dimension
transverse to the direction of travel of a vehicle propelling the
element, the magnitude of the extension being at least on the order
of the width of the vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 781+, | for the combination of a blade and a mounting for
positioning the blade between the front and rear ground supports
of a vehicle. |
| 811+, | for the combination of a blade and a mounting for
positioning the blade ahead of a vehicle. |
|
| | |
| 701.3 | Having removable cutting edge: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 701.1. Apparatus which includes a separable element adapted to
be attached to the lower extended edge of the blade.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclass 450 for a removable cutting edge on an excavator of the
type found in Class 37 (see this class (172), class definition, "SEARCH
CLASS" 37 for a brief description of the lines). |
|
| | |
| 702 | Reversible part: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which some part of the apparatus may have its
position changed through 180° usually for the purpose of
presenting a new wearing portion or edge or for adjusting the position
of some part.
| | (1)
Note. Apparatus having a part which may be adjusted to a plurality
of positions two of which may be 180° apart are not included
under this definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The change may be made either by adjustment or by removal
and replacement of the same part. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 254, | for an apparatus changeable by disassembly or assembly
in which a tool is rearranged, the rearrangement of the tool being
accomplished by a means other than or more than a reversible tool
or part thereof, a reversible standard or a reversible part between
a tool and standard or standard and beam. |
| 577, | for gangs of disks which are adapted to be reversed
to throw the earth either to the right or to the left. |
| 735, | for an earth working element adjustable through
an angle of other than 180° or through a multiplicity of angles
to present a distinct earth working portion to the soil. |
|
| | |
| 703 | Earth engaging means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 702. Apparatus in which the part whose position is changed through
180° directly contacts the earth.
| | (1)
Note. A standard, beam, or other frame part which mounts the
tool is not considered an earth contacting part under this definition,
but a separate runner or landside is considered to be a part which directly
contacts the earth. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 34, | for apparatus adapted to be completely inverted
to provide an earth working function in both positions. |
| 136, | for diverse earth working elements which are usable
alternately only. |
| 241, | for apparatus which is inverted to engage a transport
wheel or runner with the ground. |
| 735, | for a tool or tool part which is adjusted through
an angle of other than 180° to present a different cutting edge
or working surface to the earth. |
|
| | |
| 704 | Portion of earth engaging assembly: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 703. Apparatus in which the part whose position is changed through
180° comprises less than all of that part of the apparatus
which directly contacts the earth.
| | (1)
Note. A separate runner or landside is considered to be an
earth working element part, but a standard, beam, or other frame
part which mounts the tool is not. | |
| | |
| 705 | Spring biased or formed tool or tool part: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which at least a portion of the earth working
element is capable of movement under operating conditions and is
resilient or separate resilient means is provided to resist said
movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 117, | for driven implements yieldably mounted on a chassis
or frame. |
| 261+, | for implements which shift against a spring return
device upon overload and see the definition and Notes of subclass
261 for the line. |
| 335+, | and 363, for spring-biased hand-guided or propelled
implements. |
| 462, | for a plurality of tools which are individually
spring-biased downwardly during operation and having an actuator
for lifting the tools simultaneously for transport on a wheeled
frame. |
| 497+, | for tools liftable for transport on a wheeled frame
and being spring biased during operation. |
| 515, | for spring-biased or spring-form weed turners. |
| 544, | for a spring-mounted tooth on a rotating carrier. |
| 621, | for plural spring-biased tooth bars. |
| 678, | for spring-biased draft means. |
| 794, | for a scraper mounted between the front and rear
ground supports of a vehicle which is spring biased into ground
contact. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 400 for a spring- formed or biased rake tooth. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 151 for a trip mechanism used on and claimed in combination
with a planting machine. |
| 267, | Spring Devices, appropriate subclasses for springs of general utility. |
|
| | |
| 706 | Plural earth engaging parts relatively movable during operation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Apparatus in which the earth working element includes a
plurality of distinct earth-engaging portions movable relative to
one another during operation and resilient means resisting said
relative movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 707+, | for tools which are entirely of spring form or are
mounted upon a spring standard or support. |
| 714+, | for tools having plural earth-engaging parts relatively
movable during operation. |
|
| | |
| 707 | Spring formed tool or standard: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Apparatus in which the earth working element or the immediate
supporting means for an earth working element are formed of resilient
material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 142, | for diverse tools one of which is a spring tooth
or standard. |
| 624, | for a spring-formed tool standard mounted on a rotating
carrier. |
| 627, | for spring teeth mounted on a rotating carrier. |
| 643, | for plural spring-formed teeth or standards. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 155 for a resilient tooth or similar-type opener claimed in
combination with a planting machine. |
|
| | |
| 709 | Laterally biased: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Apparatus comprising an earth working element is capable
of movement transversely of the direction of travel and resilient
means to resist said movement. |
| | |
| 710 | Pivoted tool biased beyond pivot: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Apparatus comprising an earthworking element mounted to
swing about a horizontal transverse axis, the element or its shank
or standard having a rigid portion extended from said pivot in a
direction different from the element and biasing means acting on
said extended portion. |
| | |
| 711 | Leaf or torsion spring: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Apparatus in which the resilient means comprises a single
or superposed plate(s) or bar(s) adapted to yield through a bending
action or a member which is stressed by an axial twist. |
| | |
| 712 | Tool assumes different position for opposite draft: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which the earth working element pivots to a
different working position relative to the ground when the element
is moved in opposite directions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 26.6, | for a dragline scraper which has a part which is
rearranged on reverse movement. |
| 618, | for plural relatively movable implements which assume
different working positions when moved in opposite directions. |
| 777+, | for a tool suspending from a scraper, the tool assuming
a different position for opposite draft. |
|
| | |
| 713 | Tooth: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus comprising a generally elongated earth working
element having an earth working portion and a standard to support
it in earth working position in which the earth working portion
is no longer in lateral or longitudinal extent than the standard.
| | (1)
Note. A disclosure of an enlarged lateral or longitudinal
portion is enough to disqualify a patent for classification under this
definition regardless of the claimed subject matter. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 160, | for laterally spaced like tools and an intermediate
diverse tool at least one of which comprises a spike tooth. |
| 173, | for a smooth surface earth roller combined with
earth working teeth. |
| 198, | for diverse tools following the same path, one of
which comprises teeth. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 56, | Harvesters,
subclass 400 for a horse rake tooth. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 154 for a tooth- or tine-type furrow opener claimed
in combination with a planting machine. |
|
| | |
| 714 | Plural earth engaging parts relatively movable because
of operation: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which the implement has a plurality of earth-engaging
portions which may move relative to one another as a result of the
operation of the implement in the soil.
| | (1)
Note. The plurality of earth-engaging portions may be different
soil moving portions of tool or may be a tool and runner. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 657+, | for plural tools which are relatively movable as
the result of operation. |
| 664+, | for actuating means for plural relatively adjustable
tool or earth-engaging parts. |
| 736, | for selectively adjustable tool or earth- engaging
parts. |
|
| | |
| 715 | Rotary landslide: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 714. Apparatus in which the implement is provided with a longitudinal
portion to receive the side pressure of the earth working element
and guide it, said portion comprising an element rotatable about
a substantially vertical axis to reduce friction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 669, | for earth working elements with wheels which serve
to sustain a portion of the vertical load. |
|
| | |
| 716 | Movable moldboard for inverting furrow slice: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 714. Apparatus in which at least a part of the moldboard of a
moldboard-type implement is movable with respect to the point, share
and landside during operation.
| | (1)
Note. For the definition of a moldboard-type implement see
subclass 754. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 33, | for an implement having a power- driven moldboard. |
|
| | |
| 717 | Belt: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 716. Apparatus in which the movable moldboard comprises an endless
element which is caused to move by contact of the soil passing thereover. |
| | |
| 718 | Roller: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 716. Apparatus in which the movable moldboard comprises a member
rotatable about an axis lying in a plane substantially parallel
to the plane of movement of the soil over the moldboard. |
| | |
| 719 | With add-on cutting or wearing element applied directly
over, or onto, the original cutting element: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus including an additional cutting or wearing edge,
point, or surface, which is adapted to be attached directly over
or onto the original cutting or wearing edge of the earth working
element without the removal of the original edge.
| | (1)
Note. The additional element is usually attached to the tool
to act in place of a dulled edge or point. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 701.1+, | for a particular cutting element on a bulldozer
blade. |
| 734+, | or 772+, for a tool whose original cutting
element is adapted to be removed and replaced. |
|
| | |
| 720 | Subsurface blade (e.g., weeder, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus comprising an earth working blade, usually operating
in a horizontal position, which operated below the surface of the
ground to make a horizontal cut or to lift the soil and permit it
to return to substantially the original position without any lateral
shifting thereof.
| | (1)
Note. An earth working element which shifts soil laterally
and has a horizontal blade extension or portion connected thereto
is not included under this definition, but is classified below on
other bases. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 19+, | for sod cutters having a horizontal blade which
operates below the surface of the ground to make a horizontal cut. |
| 699, | for subsoil plows adapted to work deep in the soil
without any lateral movement or turning of the soil. |
|
| | |
| 721 | Non-rectangular, symmetrical type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus comprising an earth working element symmetrically
arranged with respect to the line of draft, i.e., parts on opposite
sides of the line of draft are mirror images of each other and are
arranged at the same position longitudinally of the line of draft.
| | (1)
Note. Patents are classified here by disclosure when a claim
includes any detail of the shape of the earth working element. |
| | (2)
Note. An earth working element all parts of which lie in a
single plane and which is of square or rectangular shape when viewed
both in plan and front elevation is not included under this definition. |
| | (3)
Note. An earth working element which is square or rectangular
when viewed in both plan and front elevation and whose intersection
with any vertical plane transverse to the line of draft results
in one or more straight lines is also excluded from this definition.
Thus, for example, an ordinary scraper blade which is straight,
transversely of the line of draft and curved in end elevation, is excluded. |
| | (4)
Note. An earth working element which is symmetrical due merely
to an arrangement of earth working fingers, tines, blades, or the
like is not classified under this definition. See subclass 766 for
such earth working elements. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclasses 198+ for a V-shaped plow for railway snow excavation,
subclasses 266+ for a V-shaped plow for roadway snow excavation
and subclasses 366+ for symmetrically shaped plows for
ditching. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 83 for lister plows; subclass 111 for a runner-type
opener claimed in combination with a plant setting machine; subclasses
124 and 125 for shoe- and runner-type openers respectively, used
in combination with a liquid or gas soil treatment; and subclasses
152 and 153 for shoe- and runner-type openers respectively, claimed in
combination with seed depositors. |
|
| | |
| 722 | Earth breaking part and separately attached wings: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 721. Apparatus in which the earth working element has an earth
breaking portion and separately attached members or wings extending
laterally beyond the sides thereof and forming a continuation of
said portion the wings and earth-breaking portion together forming
a symmetrical implement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 193+, | for an earth working implement and a trailing sweep
spaced therefrom so as to constitute separate tools. |
| 728, | for a symmetrical tool with an attached runner or
depth gauge and also having blades extending from opposite sides
of the runner. |
| 765+, | for a tool having dissimilar wings or a wing extending
from only one side thereof. |
|
| | |
| 723 | Draw cut point: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 722. Apparatus in which the earth-breaking portion has a rearward
and downward inclination so as to break the earth by being drawn
therethrough.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 768, | for draw-cut type earth working elements, per se. |
|
| | |
| 724 | Wings integral: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 722. Apparatus in which the wings are made of a single piece
of material separately attached to the earth-breaking portion. |
| | |
| 725 | With separable vertical cutter on centerline: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 721. Apparatus in which the earth working element includes a
separate member comprising a vertical cutting edge attached at the
axis of symmetry of the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 752, | for unsymmetrical tools having separable parts one
of which is a vertical longitudinal cutter. |
|
| | |
| 726 | Having separable parts jointed at centerline: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 721. Apparatus in which the earth working element includes separable
like parts (i.e., right and left hand) which are joined together
or meet at the line of symmetry of the element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 722+, | for symmetrical implements having an earth-breaking
portion (e.g., point) and separate wings attached thereto. |
|
| | |
| 727 | With attached runner or depth gauge: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 721. Apparatus including a member separate from the earth-working
element and standard and adapted to slide over the earth to act
as a shoe, runner, or depth gauge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 240+, | for apparatus having a wheel or runner engageable
with the ground for transport only. |
| 360, | for hand-guided or propelled implements having runners. |
| 387+, | for implements provided with runners spaced from
the tools and see the definition and Notes thereof for the line. |
| 764, | for tools with separate runners the tools being
other than the symmetrical type. |
|
| | |
| 728 | With additional blades attached to runner: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Apparatus in which the runner or depth gauge has connected
thereto opposite laterally extending earth working blades which
are additional to the earth working element, the device in its entirety
being symmetrical.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 193+, | for a tool for moving soil transversely of the line
of travel and a sweep or blade spaced rearwardly thereof to act on
the moved soil. |
|
| | |
| 729 | Adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Apparatus in which the relative positions of the earth working
element and runner or depth gauge may be selectively changed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 665, | for actuating means for relatively adjusting a tool
and runner. |
| 738, | for relatively adjustable tools and runners, the
tools being of other than the symmetrical type. |
|
| | |
| 730 | Winged: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 721. Apparatus comprising oppositely extending wing portions
forming a V-shape when viewed in plan or front elevation and having
a portion extending upwardly from the central portion of the V for
attachment to a standard, all of said portions being integral.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 733, | for V-shaped symmetrical tools. |
|
| | |
| 731 | Lateral extent decreases upwardly: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 721. Apparatus in which the earth working element has a given
dimension transverse to the direction of travel at a lower portion
thereof which dimension decreases at a portion of the element vertically
spaced upwardly from the lower portion.
| | (1)
Note. A tool having a reduced upward extension merely to form
an attaching means for the tool is not included under this definition. | |
| | |
| 732 | Triangular blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 721. Apparatus in which the earth working element has the appearance
of an isosceles triangle when viewed in plan or front elevation.
| | (1)
Note. The triangular blade may have an integral or separately
attached shank to the upper portion for connection to a standard
or frame. | |
| | |
| 733 | Constant height and V-shape: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 721. Apparatus in which the earth working element has the appearance
of a V when viewed in plan all parts of the element having substantially
the same vertical extent. |
| | |
| 734 | Adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which an earth working element or part thereof
is selectively held in different positions with respect to the frame
or standard.
| | (1)
Note. See the class definition for the definition of "adjustable". |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 372, | for hand-held tools having adjustable parts. |
| 383+, | for angularly adjustable wheels. |
| 395+, | for wheels vertically adjustable relative to a frame. |
| 518+, | for adjustable rolling implements. |
| 605, | for an implement adjustment utilizing the draft
force on a shiftable hitch. |
| 613, | for plural relatively adjustable tools. |
| 669+, | for tools adjustable on a wheeled frame. |
| 679+, | for adjustable draft members. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclasses 382+ and the search there noted for an earth boring
bit having an adjustable cutter element. |
|
| | |
| 735 | To present different working portion: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 734. Apparatus in which the earth working element or a part thereof
is adjustable to direct a distinct cutting edge or portion in active
earth working engagement with the soil.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 136, | for diverse tools which may be used alternately
only. |
| 703+, | for a tool or tool part reversible through 180° to
present a different tool or portion thereof to the soil. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclass 383 for an earth-boring bit having a cutter element
which is adjustable to present a different cutting edge. |
|
| | |
| 736 | Relatively adjustable earth engaging parts: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 734. Apparatus wherein two or more earth-engaging parts of a
single earth working element are selectively adjustable, one with
respect to the other.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
| | (2)
Note. The plural earth-engaging parts may be different soil-moving
parts of a single tool or may be a tool and runner. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 613+, | for plural relatively adjustable distinct tools. |
| 664+, | for relatively adjustable tool or earth- engaging
parts having an actuator to accomplish the adjustment. |
| 722+, | for symmetrical tools having separate wings which
may be adjustable. |
| 782, | for a scraper mounted between front and rear ground
supports of a vehicle and a laterally offset scraper part adjustable
with respect to the scraper and for forming an inclined earth shoulder. |
| 815, | for a transversely elongated blade mounted ahead
of a motor vehicle, said blade having relatively adjustable earth-engaging
parts. |
|
| | |
| 738 | Relatively adjustable tool and runner: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 736. Apparatus wherein the implement comprises an earth working
element and a separate member adapted to slide on the ground, to
act as a runner and the two are adjustable with respect to each
other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 387+, | for implements having runners spaced from the tools
and see the definition and Notes thereof for the line. |
| 665, | for actuating means for relatively adjusting a tool
and runner or depth gauge. |
| 729, | for a relatively adjustable symmetrical tool and
runner. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting,
subclasses 134+ for the combination of a gauged earth working tool
and a planting device (e.g., seed depositor). |
|
| | |
| 739 | Adjustable about horizontal transverse axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 734. Apparatus in which the earth working element is adjustable
about an axis transverse to the line of travel, the axis substantially
paralleling the earth surface.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 740 | Tool adjustably connected to standard: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 739. Apparatus wherein the earth working element is connected
to a standard by adjustable means which permits rotation of said
element about the transverse axis. The standard is the generally
vertically extending member to which the tool is connected and which
is in turn connected to a frame or beam member.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. | |
| | |
| 741 | Laterally adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 734. Apparatus in which the earth-engaging element is adjustable
laterally of the line of travel.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 305, | for implements located forward of the rear of a
self-propelled vehicle and having an actuator for lateral adjustment. |
| 446+, | for an implement with a mast-type hitch and laterally
adjustable. |
| 476+, | for implements liftable for transport on a wheeled
frame and also laterally adjustable. |
| 667, | for a laterally adjustable tool having an actuator
for changing the tool position. |
| 673, | for a tool laterally adjustable with respect to
a wheeled frame. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 175, | Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclass 384 for an earth-boring bit having a laterally adjustable
cutter element. |
|
| | |
| 742 | Adjustable about a vertical axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 741. Apparatus in which the earth working element is angularly
adjustable with respect to the line of travel, about an axis that
is substantially vertical.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 447, | for an apparatus comprising a mast- type hitch and
a tool adjustable about a vertical axis. |
| 477, | for an earth working element liftable on a wheeled
frame by means other than a mast-type hitch and adjustable about
a vertical axis. |
| 600, | for a disc gang which is vertically adjustable about
a vertical axis. |
| 603, | for a horizontally, angularly adjustable disc. |
|
| | |
| 743 | Adjustable about a longitudinal axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 741. Apparatus wherein the earth working element is adjustable
about an axis extending in the line of travel and parallel to the
earth.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 600, | for a disc gang which is mounted for tilting about
a longitudinal axis. |
|
| | |
| 744 | Vertically adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 734. Apparatus in which the earth working element is selectively
adjustable so as to vary the vertical distance between the frame
and the element.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "adjustable" see
the class definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 452+, | for actuating means for lifting a tool for transport
on a wheel frame. |
| 668, | for tools vertically adjustable with respect to
wheel frame by means of an actuator. |
| 675, | for tools vertically adjustable with respect to
a wheel frame. |
|
| | |
| 745 | Welded: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which parts of the apparatus are connected
by heating the parts to a plastic of fluid state and allowing the
metals to flow together with or without addition of other molten
metal.
| | (1)
Note. This subclass includes depositing weld material on a
part of the apparatus as, for example, to replace a worn portion. | |
| | |
| 746 | With portion extended beyond landslide: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus comprising an earth working element having a straight
longitudinal portion to receive the side pressure of the earth working element
and guide it (such portion being commonly known as a landside) and
also having a portion extended laterally outwardly beyond the landside
on the side opposite to that at which the main portion of the earth
working element is located. |
| | |
| 747 | Specific material: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which a claim includes a recitation of the
material of which the implement or a part thereof is made.
| | (1)
Note. A mere recitation that a tool is made of iron or steel
is excluded from this subclass. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 519, | for a rolling tool having a yieldable material rim
(e.g., rubber). |
| 612, | for a fabric or flexible tool. |
|
| | |
| 748 | Pivoted tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which an earth working element is mounted so
as to be movable about an axis under some condition of operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 602, | for a freely swayable single disc. |
| 705+, | for spring-biased pivoted tools. |
|
| | |
| 749 | Having separable parts interconnected without detachable
fastening means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which separable parts of the apparatus are
so interfitted or related as to remain in operative relation to
one another without the addition of a connecting or fastening member which
is intended to be entirely detached from the parts when the parts
are disconnected.
| | (1)
Note. The disclosure of a separate fastening member related
to the joint being claimed is sufficient to exclude a patent from
this definition even though it is not claimed. |
| | (2)
Note. The "parts" of definition must be principal
portions of the apparatus such as, standard, moldboard, or share.
A mere portion of the connecting means such as a bracket between
two parts is not included. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 753, | for implement parts which are interfitted or interlocked
and also provided with a separate fastening member. |
|
| | |
| 750 | Self-engaging snap fastener: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 749. Apparatus in which one of the members carries a resilient
or resiliently biased part which automatically engages and locks
the other part when the two parts are brought together in assembled
relationship. |
| | |
| 751 | Captive fastener or wedge tightened or engaged after assembly: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 749. Apparatus in which one of the parts has attached thereto
a relatively movable fastener, clamp, or wedge member which is activated after
the parts are juxtaposed to secure or tighten the parts.
| | (1)
Note. The fastener, clamp, or wedge may be capable of removal
from the implement part, but if removal is not necessary to accomplish
the connection or disconnection, classification is under this definition. | |
| | |
| 752 | With separable vertical planar longitudinal cutter (e.g.,
colter, etc.): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which the earth working element has separately
attached thereto a substantially flat cutting blade lying in a vertical
longitudinal plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 165+, | for a tool having associated therewith a separate
vertical cutter spaced forwardly to cut a slit in the earth in which
the tool operates. |
| 190, | for separate tools one of which is a vertical longitudinal
blade. |
| 725, | for symmetrical tools with a vertical cutter on
the center line thereof. |
| 765, | for longitudinal planar blades, per se. |
|
| | |
| 753 | Interlocked or interfitted parts: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which separable parts of an implement have
portions which interfit or interengage to lock the parts against
movement in at least three directions spaced 90° apart
in a single plane before the addition of any separate fastening
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 704, | for interlocked tool parts in which one of the tool
parts is reversible. |
| 749+, | for similar devices in which no separate fastening
means is employed. |
|
| | |
| 754 | Share and furrow slice inverting moldboard: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which the tool is of the type having a landside
to receive the side pressure of the earth working element and to
act as a runner, a point for making an initial cut in the earth,
a share for making a substantially horizontal cut beneath the surface
to cut a slice of earth, and a moldboard to guide and completely
invert the furrow slice.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclasses 366+ for similar ditching-type excavating plows. |
| 111, | Planting,
subclass 126 for a moldboard furrow opener claimed in combination
with a liquid or gas soil treatment. |
|
| | |
| 755 | Heating or lubricating: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 754. Apparatus including means to heat or add a lubricating material
to the moldboard-type implement to facilitate the passage of earth thereover
and reduce friction.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclasses 200 and 227 for heated snow plows. |
|
| | |
| 756 | Skeleton: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 754. Apparatus in which at least a part of the moldboard is perforated
or an open framework usually for the purpose of reducing friction
or clearing the furrow slice therefrom.
| | (1)
Note. This definition does not include knives, bars, etc.,
disposed at the exit edge of the moldboard for the purpose of cutting
or breaking the furrow slice. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 766, | for tools having spaced parallel earth working fingers. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 83 for a plow or cutter having a contiguous, fixed,
inclined separator foraminous separator element. |
|
| | |
| 757 | Furrow slice retainer: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 754. Apparatus having additional means to cause the furrow slice
to remain in contact with the entire moldboard and to prevent the
slice from breaking or parting from the moldboard prematurely. |
| | |
| 759 | With additional element juxtaposed to moldboard: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 754. Apparatus in which in addition to the point, share, landside,
and moldboard there is provided a separable soil working or deflector
portion attached to or forming a continuation of moldboard.
| | (1)
Note. The moldboard must be capable of turning a furrow slice
over without the added member required for this subclass. A mere
moldboard made of plural sections would not be included under this definition. | |
| | |
| 760 | Specific moldboard shape: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 754. Apparatus in which a claim includes a recitation of the
particular shape of the moldboard for the earth guiding function.
| | (1)
Note. This definition does not include those devices in which
the shape of some portion of the moldboard is recited where such
shape is merely for the purpose of cooperating with some other part to
accomplish a connection. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 765+, | for earth working elements of specific shape other
than the moldboard type. |
|
| | |
| 762 | Specific tool and standard connection: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus wherein significance is attributed to a means
connecting (a) the earth working element to (b) a generally vertically
oriented member extending between the element and a beam or frame
member. |
| | |
| 763 | Specific standard and beam connection: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus wherein significance is attributed to a means
connecting a generally vertically oriented member extending between
the earth working and a beam or frame member to the beam or frame
member. |
| | |
| 764 | With separate runner, gauge, shoe or landslide: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus including a member separate from the earth working
element and standard and adapted to slide over the surface of the
earth to act as a runner, depth gauge, or landslide.
| | (1)
Note. The runner or gauge may be directly attached to the
earth working element or standard. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 240+, | for apparatus having a wheel or runner engageable
with the ground for transport only. |
| 360, | for hand-guided or propelled implements having runners. |
| 387+, | for implements provided with runners spaced from
the tools and see the definition and Notes thereof for the line. |
| 665, | for actuating means for relatively adjusting a tool
and runner. |
| 727+, | for symmetrical tools having an attached runner
or depth gauge. |
| 738, | for a tool and runner which are relatively adjustable. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 111, | Planting
subclasses 134+ for the combination of a gauged earth working tool
and a planting device (e.g., seed depositor). |
|
| | |
| 765 | Specific tool shape: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus in which a claim includes a specific recitation
of the shape of the earth working element for the earth working
function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 721+, | for symmetrically shaped earth working elements. |
| 754+, | for moldboard-type implements and particularly subclass
760 for specific moldboard shape. |
|
| | |
| 766 | Tool with parallel fingers or blades: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 765. Apparatus comprising a tool having an earth working portion
and having extended therefrom a plurality of distinct substantially
parallel similar earth working fingers, tines blades or the like.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 378+, | for hand tools having a plurality of prongs, teeth,
or serrations. |
| 685+, | for plural distinct tools. |
| 777+, | for a scraper supporting a plurality of readily
removable, narrow depending tools. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 83 for a digging member having trailing spaced tines
or fingers to separate objects such as plants or potatoes from the
earth. |
|
| | |
| 768 | Draw cut type: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 765. Apparatus in which the earth-breaking portion of the tool
has a rearward and downward inclination so as to break the earth
by being drawn therethrough.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 723, | for winged symmetrical implements in which the earth-breaking
portion is of the draw-cut type. |
|
| | |
| 769 | Separable parts: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 765. Apparatus in which the earth working element comprises at
least two separate earth working or deflecting parts which are detachably
connected.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 714+, | for tools having a plurality of earth- engaging
parts movable relative to one another during operation. |
| 719, | for tools having an add-on cutting or wearing edge
point or surface. |
| 722+, | for symmetrical tools having separately attached
wings. |
| 725, | for symmetrical tools having a separable vertical
cutter at the center line thereof. |
| 726, | for symmetrical tools having separable parts joined
at the line of symmetry of the tool. |
| 736+, | for tools having plural relatively adjustable earth-engaging
parts. |
| 749+, | for tools having plural parts interconnected without
separate fastening means. |
| 752, | for tools having separable parts wherein one of
the parts is a vertical longitudinal cutting blade. |
| 753, | for tools having separable parts which interlock
or interfit. |
| 754+, | for moldboard-type tools having separable parts. |
| 772, | for tools having plural separable parts and no shape
of the tool parts for the earth working function being claimed. |
|
| | |
| 770 | Angularly related tool surfaces: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 765. Apparatus wherein the tool comprises two portions or surfaces
which meet along a line so as to form a sharp angle therebetween
of substantially less than 180°. |
| | |
| 771 | With curved surface: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 765. Apparatus in which the earth working element has at least
a portion of the surface thereof which is curved.
| | (1)
Note. A planar blade having a mere curved edge is not included
under this definition. | |
| | |
| 772 | Removable tool portion (e.g., replaceable cutting or wearing
element for tool): |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus wherein the earth-engaging portion of the tool
is separable and replaceable.
| | (1)
Note. Many of the patents included herein disclose a tool
having a portion adapted to be removed and replaced by a corresponding
portion when worn or damaged. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 701.1+, | for transversely elongated blades having separable
parts. |
| 745, | for tools having parts which are welded together. |
| 769, | for tools of specific earth working shape having
separable parts, and see the search notes therein for other tools having
separable parts. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclass 450 for a removable cutting edge or tooth to be used on
an excavating machine of the type found in Class 37. |
|
| | |
| 772.5 | Portion is cutting edge: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 772. Apparatus including an elongated portion at the bottom (i.e.,
the ground-engaging part) of the tool which is removable from the
rest of the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 701.3, | for a removable cutting edge on a transversely elongated
blade. |
|
| | |
| 773 | Specific standard: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Apparatus wherein a claim includes details of the construction
or shape of the tool standard (i.e., a generally vertically extending
member to which the tool is connected and which is in turn connected
to a frame or beam member).
| | (1)
Note. A vertical standard which is formed integral with a
horizontal frame member (e.g., plow beam) is included under this
definition. | |
| | |
| 774 | With lateral offset: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 773. Apparatus in which the standard is so shaped as to dispose
the center line of the lower end of the standard to one side of
the upper end thereof. |
| | |
| 775 | Braced: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 773. Apparatus in which a separate bracing member is provided
between the standard and beam or frame to which the standard is
connected. |
| | |
| 776 | MISCELLANEOUS (E.G., FRAMES, ETC.): |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus not otherwise provided for.
| | (1)
Note. For example, in this subclass are classified miscellaneous
frames for earth working apparatus in which the claims do not include
the earth working means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 171, | Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects,
subclass 143 for frames. |
|
| | |
| 777 | SCRAPER SUPPORTS NARROW DEPENDING TOOL: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a scraper and an earth working tool
which is relatively narrow in a horizontal lateral direction in
its intended position of use, the tool being disclosed as mounted
on the grading scraper in such fashion that at least the lower earth
working portion of said tool extends downwardly beyond the lower
edge of the grading scraper to that during operation the scraper
supports the tool and (1) the tool is readily removable from the
scraper or (2) the tool is movably attached to the scraper so that
it may be positioned to work the earth or not work the earth, or
the depth of earth penetration may be changed.
| | (1)
Note. The tool must be disclosed as mounted on the transverse
blade or moldboard portion of the scraper rather than on the wing
portion or some structure which supports the scraper. Such device
will be found in subclass 197. |
| | (2)
Note. For the meaning of "scraper" see the
definition of subclass 781. |
| | (3)
Note. A claim to the combination of a scraper and a readily
removable depending earth working tool is classified under this
definition even if the scraper is claimed by name only as a support
for the tool. Also a claim to a tool with some special adaptation
for attachment to a scraper is classified under this definition. |
| | (4)
Note. Apparatus under this definition is typically used to
scarify or break up roadways and may be called a road ripper, dozer
scarifier, or the like. | |
| | |
| 779 | SCRAPER POSITION AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLED BY LINKAGE FOR
LEVELLING: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus, comprising a scraper associated with a frame
for traversing the earth whose position relative to the frame is
controlled by a mechanical linkage arrangement so that when the
scraper passes over a raised section of earth it is lowered relative
to the frame and when it passes over a low section of earth it is
raised relative to the frame whereby an approximately level surface
of the earth is created as the scraper traverses the earth, all
without the intervention of a human operator.
| | (1)
Note. Typically in apparatus under this definition a ground
wheel may move relative to a frame carrying the grading scraper
and a linkage connects the wheel and grading scraper so that as
the wheel moves up relative to the frame the scraper moves down
relative to the frame and as the wheel moves down relative to the
frame the scraper moves up relative to the frame. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 4.5, | for automatically controlled power means for shifting
the position of a scraper in order to achieve a level surface. |
| 239, | for apparatus having a linkage whereby the position
of an earth working element is controlled in certain ways in response
to draft forces, pitching of a propelling device or ground level. |
| 398, | for a vertically adjustable ground support interconnected
with a tool by linkage so movement of one influences movement of
the other. |
| 811+, | for a scraper positioned in front of a motor vehicle
and maintained in a horizontal position as the ground supports of
the vehicle move over irregular terrain so that the vehicle tilts sidewise. |
|
| | |
| 780 | SCRAPER BETWEEN WIDELY SPACED FRONT AND REAR GROUND SUPPORTS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a scraper supported intermediate the
ends of an unusually long longitudinally extending supporting structure
with separate ground support means at each end, the unusually long
supporting structure tending to smooth out undulations in the earth
to produce a finished, generally planar surface.
| | (1)
Note. For the meaning of "scraper" see the
definition of subclass 781. |
| | (2)
Note. The unusually long supporting structure must have one
portion thereof extending a substantial distance from the scraper
to the front support means and another portion thereof extending
a substantial distance to the rear support means to present an elongated
supporting base for materially reducing the effect of undulations
in the soil on the scraper. |
| | (3)
Note. Patents are classified under this definition on a disclosure
basis if the claim has any reference to the supporting structure.
The supporting structure may be disclosed as supported at one or
both ends by a separate vehicle or vehicles. | |
| | |
| 781 | SCRAPER BETWEEN FRONT AND REAR GROUND SUPPORTS OF VEHICLE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which a scraper is located between spaced front
and rear ground supports of a vehicle, the ground supports being
either wheels or wheel substitutes having no substantial earth working
function.
| | (1)
Note. A "scraper" under this definition
is an earth working tool, at least a substantial portion of which
is laterally or diagonally disposed and has a substantially vertically
disposed face having a lower straight edge which functions to scrape earth
from or slide the same along the surface of the earth to form a
smooth planar surface. A tool which is disclosed as intended to
cultivate the soil, or to make a furrow or a trench is not considered
to be a scraper and is classifiable on other features. A scraper
under this definition is frequently called a "road grader". |
| | (2)
Note. The vehicle must be a unitary stable vehicle. A scraper
mounted between a vehicle and the ground support means of a device
which is essentially a separate trailing vehicle or pushed vehicle
is not included. Such devices are classified on other features in
various subclasses. |
| | (3)
Note. A scraper is considered to be between the front and
rear ground supports only if at least a portion of the scraper in
a plan view is located within a polygonal area defined by a perimeter formed
by lines connecting the center points of the front and rear supports,
e.g., in the ordinary vehicle having front and rear wheels, within
the rectangle formed by the lines connecting the center lines of
the wheels. |
| | (4)
Note. A device comprising a vehicle having separate front
and rear ground supports which are adjustable relative to the framework
of the vehicle so that they support the framework during transport only
and not during use of the scraper for its intended function is not
included. Such devices are classified on other features in various
other subclasses. |
| | (5)
Note. Patents having a specific disclosure of a scraper located
between front and rear ground supports of a vehicle are classified
under this definition even if the location is not claimed, provided
that some reference to the vehicle is made in the claims. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 63+, | for apparatus comprising a driven tool such as a
scraper which may be between front and rear vehicle supports. |
| 780, | for a scraper between the front and rear supports
of a specially elongated vehicle. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclass 411 , especially subclass 412 for scoops mounted between
front and rear ground supports of a vehicle. The distinction between
a scoop and a scraper is that a scoop has a bottom surface for transporting
the earth while a scraper has no bottom and pushes earth ahead of
it while the earth rests on the surface of the undisturbed earth
beneath. |
|
| | |
| 782 | With laterally offset inclined shoulder forming tool: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Apparatus in which in addition to the scraper between the
front and rear ground supports there is another earth working tool
which is adapted to be used to form a planar surface which is positioned
completely laterally beyond the surface formed by the scraper and completely
laterally beyond the perimeter delineated by the front and rear
ground supports, and which is inclined to the horizontal and relative
to the surface formed by the scraper.
| | (1)
Note. The additional tool may be a separate member or an extension
of the scraper. |
| | (2)
Note. When the apparatus is being used to form a shoulder
the scraper may be positioned, for example, above a concrete road
and not actually be used to form an earth surface. | |
| | |
| 783 | With scraper attached ground support: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Apparatus in which the scraper has a wheel or wheel substitute
intimately associated therewith which is separate and distinct from
the vehicle ground supports.
| | (1)
Note. The wheel or wheel substitute under this definition
may incidentally have an earth working function but an element which
is intended to have an earth working function or a side earth retaining
wall of a scraper is not included even though the lower edge or surface
of said element or wall functions as a ground support. Scrapers
with such elements or walls are classified on other features, though
they should be cross-referenced to this subclass if structurally similar
to scrapers with ground supports. | |
| | |
| 784 | With diverse tool or portion: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Apparatus including an earth working element which differs
in size or shape from the scraper and so is diverse, the diverse
element being capable of working the earth at the same time as the
scraper or adjustable in the apparatus to work the earth alternatively
to the scraper.
| | (1)
Note. A diverse earth working element under this definition
may comprise any distinctly different portion of the scraper which
causes classification under the definition of subclass 781. |
| | (2)
Note. A wing or vertical plate which extends longitudinally
and acts to confine earth loosened by a scraper or other earth working
element is not considered a diverse element under this definition. |
| | (3)
Note. An earth working element which differs from another
by being merely a mirror image, e.g., for pushing earth to the left
instead of the right, is not considered diverse under this definition. |
| | (4)
Note. The difference between the earth working element and
the scraper does not have to be claimed. If a claim refers to an
earth working element which is disclosed as diverse, this is sufficient
for classification under this definition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 63+, | for an apparatus comprising a driven earth working
element and a nondriven earth working element which may be a scraper. |
| 777, | for a scraper and a detachable narrow depending
earth working element. |
| 782, | for an apparatus comprising a scraper between front
and rear vehicle supports and a laterally offset inclined shoulder
forming tool. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 37, | Excavating,
subclasses 403+ for a scraper combined with a scoop shovel or the
like. |
|
| | |
| 785 | Non-scraping tool precedes and spaced from scraper: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 784. Apparatus in which the diverse earth working element is
an element other than a scraper and is positioned in front of and
spaced from the scraper when they are both in working position,
the scraper and the diverse element working the earth in the same
or overlapping paths.
| | (1)
Note. An apparatus with a diverse earth working element which
is connected to the earth-contacting portion of the scraper so as
to be closely associated therewith does not come within this definition
even if it precedes and is slightly spaced from the scraper, and
is classified in the generic subclass. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 777, | for a scraper supporting a readily removable narrow
depending tool which may precede the scraper. |
|
| | |
| 786 | Plural scrapers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Apparatus in which there are a plurality of scrapers.
| | (1)
Note. Plural scraping blades secured to a backing member or
members to form a unitary means are not considered to be plural
scrapers, the whole assemblage being considered a single scraper. |
| | (2)
Note. A plurality of scrapers may comprise any combination
of parts (other than described in (1) Note) if two or more of the
parts are each identifiable individually as constituting a scraper.
A V scraper, for example, is considered to comprise two scrapers
if each arm of the V fits the definition of a scraper. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 784+, | for a scraper between front and rear vehicle ground
supports in combination with a diverse earth working tool. |
|
| | |
| 787 | Spaced and in same path: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 786. Apparatus in which the plural scrapers work the earth in
the same or overlapping paths and are spaced from each other.
| | (1)
Note. Scrapers which are adjustable relative to each other
are considered to come within the definition if they meet the requirements
of the definition in some positions of adjustment even if in other positions
they do not meet the requirements. |
| | (2)
Note. Scrapers which are connected to each other in the earth-contacting
portion so as to function as a unit (which may be composed of adjustable
sections pivoting about the point of connection) are not considered
to come within the definition even if the scrapers overlap and are
spaced from each other. Such scrapers may be classified in subclass 786. | |
| | |
| 788 | Push frame for scrapers: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Apparatus in which the scraper is attached to the forward
end of a generally longitudinally extending frame which is attached
to the vehicle frame at a location in back of the scraper so as
to push the scraper when it is performing its earth working function.
| | (1)
Note. The longitudinally extending frame under this definition
must be one which transmits the principal propelling force (at least
50%) from the vehicle to the scraper rather than a mere
stabilizing strut or adjusting link. Whether or not a frame meets
this criterium is usually a decision made after a consideration
of the total disclosure to determine the stress distribution inherently
present in the apparatus. |
| | (2)
Note. The frame may be nothing more than a single strut. |
| | (3)
Note. The phrase "generally longitudinally extending" means
that when the scraper is in working position the frame extends more
in a longitudinal direction than in a vertical direction. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 308, | for an earth working element other than a scraper
between the front and rear of a motor vehicle and attached to a
push bar. |
|
| | |
| 789 | Actuator for bodily shifting scraper subframe draft connection: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Apparatus in which the scraper is attached to a generally
longitudinally extending frame which is attached to the vehicle
frame by a hitch allowing pivotal movement of the longitudinally
extending frame with respect to the vehicle frame, and there is
an actuator for moving the hitch or parts thereof so that the locus
in the hitch about which pivotal movement takes place is moved relative
to the vehicle frame.
| | (1)
Note. The frame may be nothing more than a strut. |
| | (2)
Note. The phrase "generally longitudinally extending" means
that when the scraper is in working position the frame extends more
in a longitudinal direction than in a vertical direction. | |
| | |
| 790 | Counterbalance means for scraper adjustment: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Apparatus in which the scraper is adjustably mounted on
the vehicle frame and in which there is a means for facilitating
the adjustment by at least partially counterbalancing the weight
of the scraper.
| | (1)
Note. Included under this definition is a counterbalance means
which more than compensates for the weight of the scraper and is
the sole means for moving the scraper to an adjusted position against
the force of gravity. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 506, | for a spring-assisted or spring actuator for lifting
a tool for transport on a wheeled frame. |
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| 791 | Three or more independently operable scraper actuators: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Apparatus comprising three or more actuators, each operable
independently of the others to adjust the position of the scraper
relative to the vehicle frame extending between the front and rear
ground supports, and acting between the frame and scraper.
| | (1)
Note. If a single power source, such as an engine power take
off or hand wheel, is connected by clutches to end elements, such
as shafts, links or the like, so that a plurality of such elements
can each be moved independently of each other to adjust the position
of the scraper, then these are considered to be plural, independently
operable actuators corresponding in number to the number of independently
movable adjustment points. | |
| | |
| 792 | Scraper adjustable about vertical axis of annular support: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 791. Apparatus in which the grading scraper is supported from
the vehicle frame by a means including a circular ring or ring portion
which lies in a generally horizontal plane when the scraper cutting
edge is horizontal and the scraper is adjustable relative to the
vehicle frame about the axis of the ring or ring portion. |
| | |
| 793 | Actuator for laterally shifting support: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 792. Apparatus in which one or more of the actuators is operatively
connected between the vehicle"s frame and the ring or ring
portion and effective when operated to bodily move said ring or
ring portion from one position of adjustment to another in a substantially
lateral direction relative to said vehicle frame.
| | (1)
Note. A scraper is usually provided with lift means at each
end whereby it may be angled in a vertical plane. Such lift means
may be operated to cause some lateral shifting of the ring but they
are not ring-shifting means of this definition. The actuator of
this definition is an added actuator whose principal function is
to bodily shift the ring or ring portion laterally. | |
| | |
| 794 | Spring biased into ground contact: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Apparatus in which the scraper or a portion of the scraper
is movably mounted relative to the vehicle frame and there is a
resilient means for yieldably urging said scraper or portion into ground
contact.
| | (1)
Note. The resilient means is considered to yieldably urge
the scraper or scraper portion into ground contact even if it is disclosed
as used so that it does not urge the scraper or part in a vertical
direction against the ground but instead yieldably urges the scraper
or part against an obstacle on the ground when the scraper or part
is traversing the ground and contacts the obstacle in the path of
traverse. | |
| | |
| 795 | Specific actuator between frame and scraper: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Apparatus comprising an actuator for adjusting the position
of the scraper relative to the vehicle frame extending between the
front and rear supports and acting between the frame and scraper,
the actuator being recited in a claim with some significant detail
of its structure or relationship to the rest of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 789, | for apparatus comprising an actuator for bodily
shifting a scraper subframe draft connection to thereby adjust the scraper. |
| 791+, | for a scraper adjusted relative to the vehicle frame
by three or more independent actuators. Such actuators commonly
comprise actuators for adjusting the scraper about a longitudinal
horizontal axis, about a vertical axis and about a horizontal transverse axis
through a hitch connecting a scraper-supporting frame to the vehicle
frame. Significant disclosures of actuators for tilting the scraper
about a horizontal transverse axis adjacent its immediate support
or for adjusting the scraper in the direction of its own longitudinal
axis should be cross-referenced to subclass 795. |
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| 796 | For adjustment about vertical axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 795. Apparatus in which the actuator adjusts the scraper about
a vertical axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 791+, | for a scraper adjusted relative to the vehicle frame
by three or more actuators, one of which is for adjusting the scraper
about a vertical axis. |
|
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| 797 | For adjustment about longitudinal axis: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 795. Apparatus in which the actuator adjusts the scraper about
an axis lying in a horizontal plane and extending in the direction
of the line of travel of the vehicle.
| | (1)
Note. An axis lying in a horizontal plane and perpendicular
to the longitudinal extent of the scraper is considered to be an
axis under this definition. |
| | (2)
Note. Devices under this definition usually comprise a pair
of actuators which may be operated together to lift the scraper
about a horizontal transverse axis passing through a draft connection. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 782+, | for a shoulder-forming scraper and an actuator for
tilting it about a generally longitudinal axis. |
| 791+, | for a grading scraper adjusted relative to the vehicle
frame by three or more actuators, including one or more actuators
for adjusting the scraper about a horizontal longitudinal axis. |
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| 798 | Actuator for tilting wheel relative to vehicle frame: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Apparatus in which there is an actuator for angling the
axis of rotation of a ground wheel by changing its position in a
transverse substantially vertical plane with respect to the vehicle
frame which extends between the front and rear ground supports.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 280, | Land Vehicles,
subclasses 5.52+ for a land vehicle of general utility including
an active suspension responsive to a force encountered while the
vehicle is in surface traversing motion for governing a spatial
relationship between structural elements of the running gear; subclasses
6.154+ for a land vehicle of general utility including
means, interposed between the vehicle body, chassis, or frame and running
gear thereof, for predisposing a load, load carrier, or receptacle portion
so as to accommodate sustained travel upon an expansive inclined
surface; or subclasses 80.1+ for specific details of running
gear construction applicable to a land vehicle of general utility. |
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| 799 | Specific means for horizontally angling wheel relative
to vehicle frame: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Apparatus comprising a means to change the horizontal angular
direction of the axis of rotation of a ground wheel relative to
the vehicle frame which extends between the the front and rear ground
supports (e.g., for steering the vehicle, etc.), the means being
claimed with some specificity.
| | (1)
Note. Means for changing the direction of a freely swiveling
caster by swinging the vehicle are not included. There must be some
means for positively causing the wheel to turn with respect to the
vehicle. | |
| | |
| 799.5 | TOWED SCRAPER WITH GROUND SUPPORT WHEELS: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus wherein an implement mounting a scraper blade
is adapted to be connected at its forward end to a towing vehicle
and includes a rolling support device (i.e., a wheel).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 4.5, | for a scraper which is automatically power-controlled
for leveling. |
| 26.5+, | for a dragline scraper. |
| 72, | for a driven tool followed by a leveling drag or
furrow shaper. |
| 189, | and 612, for flexible implements including flexible
matlike drags. |
| 197, | and 199+, for diverse tools, one of which
comprises a drag or smoother. |
| 445.1+, | for a scraper mounted on a frame which is supported
on the rear of a vehicle by a three-point hitch. |
| 684.5, | for a dragged scraper on a supporting frame. |
| 777+, | for a scraper supporting a narrow depending tool. |
| 779, | for a scraper whose position is controlled by a
linkage for leveling. |
| 780, | and 781+, for a scraper between front and
rear vehicle supports. |
| 810+, | for a scraper ahead of a motor vehicle. |
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| 810 | MOUNTING FOR PUSHED TOOL AT END OF MOTOR VEHICLE: |
| | This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which a mounting mechanism is provided for
connecting an earth working element to, and ahead of, a self-propelled vehicle.
| | (1)
Note. Basic subject matter for this subclass, and those indented
hereunder, is the mounting means (e.g., a frame and adjusting linkage)
intermediate a tool and a vehicle. The tool, the vehicle, or a control
system for the adjusting linkage may be claimed as well, but this
is not necessary for classification herein. |
| | (2)
Note. The earth working element is in front of the vehicle
in its direction of travel when the element is in use. Included
in this subclass, and those indented hereunder, are patents disclosing
a tool attached to the rear of a vehicle, but wherein the vehicle
moves in its normally reverse direction when using the tool. |
| | (3)
Note. A significant portion of the earth working element must
be located ahead of a transverse line corresponding to the axis
of the front wheels, or forward track idlers, of the vehicle. However,
a tool comprising a transversely elongated blade, such as a bulldozer,
may be angled (i.e., pivoted within a horizontal plane about a generally
vertical axis) so that a portion of the blade is to the rear of said
transverse line and outside the perimeter of the vehicle. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 180, | Motor Vehicles, appropriate subclass for a vehicle, per se. |
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| 812 | With valve or pump for hydraulic control system: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 811. Apparatus wherein adjustment of the blade is performed by
a control system which incorporates fluid circuitry, and including
means for producing or controlling fluid pressure within the system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 91, | Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, for a hydraulic motor, per se. |
|
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| 814 | Having means controlling drive for interconnected vehicles: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 811. Apparatus wherein a blade is powered by a plurality of vehicles,
each having its motive control operatively connected one with the
other.
| | (1)
Note. The vehicles may be side by side so each is directly
linked to the blade, or they may be in tandem arrangement (i.e., one
behind the other) so that only the vehicle in front is directly
linked to the blade. However, one vehicle simply pushing another,
each independently operated, is not considered appropriate for this
subclass. | |
| | |
| 817 | Removable attachment for general purpose vehicle: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 811. Apparatus which is particularly designed as an accessory
to be selectively installed upon, and removed from, a general purpose
vehicle.
| | (1)
Note. Especially common in this subclass are blade attachments
for wheeled farm tractors, which tractors are capable of powering
a variety of tools; but this subclass is not limited to a certain
type of vehicle. | |
| | |
| 818 | Blade angle adjustable in a horizontal plane: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 811. Blade angle adjustable in a horizontal plane: Apparatus
including means to maintain the blade in any one of a plurality
of selected angular orientations with respect to the longitudinal centerline
of the vehicle within a generally horizontal plane.
| | (1)
Note. "Angle" is the art term which refers
to this adjustment. | |
| | |
| 819 | Power-operated adjusting means: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 818. Apparatus including a power system for moving the blade
from one angular orientation to another.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 91, | Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclass for a hydraulic motor, per
se. |
|
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| 822 | And tilt of blade adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 819. Apparatus including a mechanism which maintains the working
edge of the blade in selected angular orientations with respect
to ground within a generally vertical plane.
| | (1)
Note. "Tilt" is the art term which refers to
this adjustment. | |
| | |
| 823 | And tilt of blade adjustable: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 818. Apparatus including a mechanism which maintains the working
edge of the blade in selected angular orientations with respect
to ground within a generally vertical plane.
| | (1)
Note. "Tilt" is the art term which refers to
this adjustment. | |
| | |
| 824 | Having adjustable tilt of angularly fixed blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 811. Apparatus including means to maintain the working edge of
the blade in any one of a plurality of selected angular orientations
with respect to ground within a generally vertical plane.
| | (1)
Note. "Tilt" is the art term which refers to
this adjustment. | |
| | |
| 827 | Having means to prevent lateral movement of mounting or
blade: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 811. Apparatus including means extending between the vehicle
and the blade or mounting mechanism for limiting lateral movement
of the blade or mounting mechanism relative to the vehicle.
| | (1)
Note. Examples of means provided for herein include (a) a
strut which links either the blade or the mounting mechanism to
the vehicle, or (b) a slotted member attached to the vehicle which embraces
the mounting mechanism to guide it in vertical movement. | |
| | |
| 834 | With tool-carried ground support: |
| | This subclass is indented under subclass 810. Apparatus in which either the tool or the mounting means
holds a skid, wheel, or wheel substitute which is separate and distinct
from the motor vehicle ground-support means. |
| | |
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
| 900 | PLANT THINNERS: |
| | This art collection is intended to collect all plant thinners
which have an earth working function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| 5+, | for plant thinners having plant sensing means which
actuate automatic power control means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| 47, | Plant Husbandry,
subclass 1.43 for plant thinners which do not have an earth working
function. |
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| | |
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CLASS 172,